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The Ethics Of Advocacy For The Mentally Ill: Philosophic And Ethnographic Considerations, Bruce A. Arrigo, Christopher R. Williams Jan 2000

The Ethics Of Advocacy For The Mentally Ill: Philosophic And Ethnographic Considerations, Bruce A. Arrigo, Christopher R. Williams

Seattle University Law Review

In this Article, we critically address several philosophical underpinnings of ethical decision-making that impact persons with psychiatric disorders. We focus our attention, however, upon an admittedly limited target area. Thus, we canvass a select number of significant issues that pose unique problems for humanity. The purpose of these excursions is that of reflection. In brief, we will speculatively examine: (1) the relationship between human rights and the law; (2) the relationship between mental illness and the law (i.e. the rights of the mentally ill); (3) the ethics of involuntary confinement (i.e., taking away and giving back rights to the mentally …

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Therapeutic Appellate Decision-Making In The Context Of Disabled Litigants, Ian Freckelton Jan 2000

Therapeutic Appellate Decision-Making In The Context Of Disabled Litigants, Ian Freckelton

Seattle University Law Review

This Article explores ways in which appellate decision-making can be enhanced so as to minimize the counter-therapeutic consequences of the curial process for litigants and witnesses with psychiatric illnesses and intellectual disabilities.

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Advocacy Of The Establishment Of Mental Health Specialty Courts In The Provision Of Therapeutic Justice For Mentally Ill Offenders, Leroy L. Kondo Jan 2000

Advocacy Of The Establishment Of Mental Health Specialty Courts In The Provision Of Therapeutic Justice For Mentally Ill Offenders, Leroy L. Kondo

Seattle University Law Review

This Article explores the establishment of mental health courts as a partial solution to the perplexing societal problem that relegates mentally ill offenders to a "revolving door" existence in and out of prisons and jails.This inescapable situation results from a paucity ofeffective humanitarian policies, laws, and procedures for treating such medically disordered defendants. The establishment of mental health specialty courts is investigated as a potential means of addressing the complex legal issues and psycho-sociological problems faced by the judicial system in dealing with mentally ill offenders.

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Therapeutic Jurisprudence In The Appellate Arena: Judicial Notice And The Potential Of The Legislative Fact Remand, A.J. Stephani Jan 2000

Therapeutic Jurisprudence In The Appellate Arena: Judicial Notice And The Potential Of The Legislative Fact Remand, A.J. Stephani

Seattle University Law Review

This Article begins with a modest objective and ends with an ambitious one. First, it asserts that appellate courts are an appropriate forum for considering the therapeutic impact of the law strand of therapeutic jurisprudence (TJ) scholarship. TJ's character as a "field of social inquiry" is especially suited to the appellate courts' task of formulating new rules of law and choosing among competing policy objectives when resolving opposing normative principles.

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Johann Friedrich Herbart, David E. Leary Jan 2000

Johann Friedrich Herbart, David E. Leary

Psychology Faculty Publications

German philosopher, psychologist, and educator. Herbart was among the first, early in the nineteenth century, to propose a mathematical psychology. Coming after Immanuel Kant's claim (in his Metaphysische Angangsgriinde der Naturwissenschaft [Metaphysical Foundation of Natural Science], Riga, 1786) that there could be no such discipline, this was a bold proposal. which kept alive the eighteenth-century quest for a science of psychology. Even though Herbart himself denied the possibility of an experimental psychology, and despite the fact that his own psychology (as a branch of applied metaphysics) was largely conjectural, his example inspired subsequent scholars to work toward a quantitative, experimental …

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Forgiveness In Psychology And Law: The Meeting Of Moral Development And Restorative Justice, Robert D. Enright, Bruce A. Kittle Jan 2000

Forgiveness In Psychology And Law: The Meeting Of Moral Development And Restorative Justice, Robert D. Enright, Bruce A. Kittle

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This article discusses the psychological meaning of forgiveness and its relation to the criminal justice system. Includes a discussion of the four phases of the development progression of forgiveness.

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Forgiveness In Psychology And Law: The Meeting Of Moral Development And Restorative Justice, Robert D. Enright, Bruce A. Kittle Jan 2000

Forgiveness In Psychology And Law: The Meeting Of Moral Development And Restorative Justice, Robert D. Enright, Bruce A. Kittle

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This article discusses the psychological meaning of forgiveness and its relation to the criminal justice system. Includes a discussion of the four phases of the development progression of forgiveness.

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Behavioral Outcome Of Preschoolers Exposed Prenatally To Cocaine: The Role Of The Caregiving Environment., Veronica L. Haynes Jan 2000

Behavioral Outcome Of Preschoolers Exposed Prenatally To Cocaine: The Role Of The Caregiving Environment., Veronica L. Haynes

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This study evaluated the long-term effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on child behavioral outcome at age 5 years, while considering the influence of the postnatal caregiving environment indicated by maternal drug use, maternal psychological functioning, and parenting quality. Behavioral outcome was measured by parent-reported behavior problems on the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist. Subjects were 210 preschoolers (107 cocaine-exposed and 103 nondrug-exposed) and their biological mothers drawn from a larger cohort of mother-child pairs enrolled at birth in a longitudinal study evaluating the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children prenatally exposed to cocaine. The relationships among prenatal cocaine exposure, maternal adaptation (i.e., maternal …

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Using A Behavioral Economic Assessment To Evaluate Stimulus Preferences And To Predict Treatment Outcomes For Aberrant Behavior., Henry Stanley Roane Jan 2000

Using A Behavioral Economic Assessment To Evaluate Stimulus Preferences And To Predict Treatment Outcomes For Aberrant Behavior., Henry Stanley Roane

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Problem behavior (e.g., self-injury, aggression, and disruption) may impede the development of many individuals with disabilities. These behaviors may occur for many reasons (Iwata et al., 1994). Most problem behaviors are controlled by social stimuli; however, for some individuals, problem behavior occurs independent of the social environment (i.e., by automatic reinforcement). That is, an individual may engage in these behaviors regardless of what is occurring around them. Presumably the behavior persists because the behavior produces (or alleviates) some type of stimulation. As such, the reinforcer for the behavior can not be controlled directly, making behaviors maintained by automatic reinforcement difficult …

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Individualized Levels Treatment Packages For Severe Problem Behaviors In Persons With Developmental Disabilities., Karena Suzanne Rush Jan 2000

Individualized Levels Treatment Packages For Severe Problem Behaviors In Persons With Developmental Disabilities., Karena Suzanne Rush

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Levels treatment packages are widely used across many populations and settings. Most packages involve standardized procedures implemented across multiple participants. The current investigation examined the treatment efficacy of individualized levels treatment packages based on the results of functional analyses and systematic preference assessments. Three individuals with developmental disabilities participated in the study. Destructive behaviors for each participant were maintained by positive reinforcement. For one participant, destructive behaviors were maintained by negative reinforcement as well. The levels treatment packages consisted of two or three levels in which the density of attention and access to preferred materials were altered based on the …

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Effects Of Suggestive Questioning On Women's Self -Report Of Pain Information Following Colposcopy., Jodie Rabalais Guth Jan 2000

Effects Of Suggestive Questioning On Women's Self -Report Of Pain Information Following Colposcopy., Jodie Rabalais Guth

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This study examined the effects of suggestive questioning on women's retrospective ratings of pain and anxiety experienced during colposcopy. The wording of questions was varied between participants (Pain Suggesting, Pain Denying, or No Suggestion). Number of recall sessions was also varied between participants in that some participants completed two ratings (Immediate and Delayed Recall) while others completed only one rating (Delayed Recall). Trait anxiety, pain severity at the time of the memory task, and medical procedure (whether or not the patient underwent a biopsy) were included in the analyses as covariates. Ratings of sensory and affective pain severity as well …

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Traumatic Life Events, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, And Health Outcomes In A Low -Income, Primary Care Population., Bradford West Applegate Jan 2000

Traumatic Life Events, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, And Health Outcomes In A Low -Income, Primary Care Population., Bradford West Applegate

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Research suggests that individuals with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) have significant dysregulation in a number of physiological indices, especially the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Biological theories of PTSD propose that prolonged SNS and HPA axis dysregulation places individuals with PTSD at risk for development of medical morbidity and impairments in health status. The present study examined the following research questions: (a) what is the prevalence of traumatic life events and PTSD in a low-income primary care population? (b) does PTSD predict impairments in self-reported health status after controlling for age, alcohol abuse, tobacco use, and obesity? …

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Validation Of A Screening Instrument For Exposure To Violence In Children: The Kid -Save., Anise Lavaun Flowers Jan 2000

Validation Of A Screening Instrument For Exposure To Violence In Children: The Kid -Save., Anise Lavaun Flowers

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Children in the United States have an increasing rate of exposure to chronic community violence. Research on children exposed to community, domestic, and war-related violence has demonstrated the traumatic effects of violence on children. The KID-SAVE was developed as an empirically-based self-report measure of violence exposure for children in grades three through seven. During an initial development study, the KID-SAVE demonstrated excellent reliability and preliminary construct validity data. The purpose of the present study was to provide further validity data on the KID-SAVE. A sample of 188 children (96 boys and 92 girls) and their parents participated in the study. …

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Coping Strategies And Effectiveness Among Low -Income, Primary Care Patients With Anxiety Disorders., Daniel J. Mehan Jr Jan 2000

Coping Strategies And Effectiveness Among Low -Income, Primary Care Patients With Anxiety Disorders., Daniel J. Mehan Jr

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This study examined the patterns and effectiveness of coping strategies utilized by individuals in a low-income, primary care environment. Documented relationships among coping strategies and the characteristics of this population suggest that the population should be marked by high levels of emotion-focused coping and low levels of problem-focused coping relative to the normal population. Descriptive statistics confirmed high levels of emotion-focused coping but failed to demonstrate low levels of problem-focused coping within the study sample. The influence of control (actual and perceived) on the patterns and effectiveness of coping strategies was also studied. Regression analyses indicated that, in the low-control …

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And The Avoidance Of Responsibility: An Evaluation Of Parents' Attributions And Their Relation To Treatment Acceptability., Urdur Njardvik Jan 2000

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And The Avoidance Of Responsibility: An Evaluation Of Parents' Attributions And Their Relation To Treatment Acceptability., Urdur Njardvik

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The study examined attributions of responsibility, stability, and controllability of parents of children with or without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The relationship between attributions and acceptability of commonly used behavioral treatments also was examined. Participants were recruited from a hospital based outpatient clinic that mainly serves indigent families. The sample consisted of 50 parents of children diagnosed with ADHD and 50 parents of children without the diagnosis, who served as a comparison group. Assessment measures included an adapted version of the Powell Avoidance of Responsibility Scale (Powell & Rosen, 1999), the Conner's Parent Rating Scale (Conners, 1997), and the …

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The Effect Of Antecedent And Consequent Strategies On Increasing Student Homework Compliance And Academic Achievement., Donna Marie Gilbertson Jan 2000

The Effect Of Antecedent And Consequent Strategies On Increasing Student Homework Compliance And Academic Achievement., Donna Marie Gilbertson

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The primary purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of homework and alternatives to homework on student math completion, accuracy and fluency for low socioeconomic students. To examine possible causes of homework problems as well as the effect of different treatments on math fluency, this study used an idiographic protocol to systematically examine the effects of antecedent and consequential strategies on different types of homework performance problems through several phases. First, a brief experimental analysis was conducted for each student to identify whether poor homework performance was due to a swill deficit or a performance deficit. Next, an …

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The Role Of Major And Minor Stressors In Moderating The Transtheoretical Model Of Exercise Behavior Among Predominantly Low -Income Patients Attending Primary Care Clinics., Shawn Kahlil Jeffries Jan 2000

The Role Of Major And Minor Stressors In Moderating The Transtheoretical Model Of Exercise Behavior Among Predominantly Low -Income Patients Attending Primary Care Clinics., Shawn Kahlil Jeffries

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A sedentary lifestyle is prevalent in the United States and is associated with poor health outcomes (Blair et al., 1989). While regular exercise has been shown to have numerous physical and mental health benefits, much of the population does not perform physical activity at a level necessary to achieve significant health benefits. Primary care settings have become increasingly targeted areas for physician-based exercise counseling. One popular theoretical model of exercise adoption is the transtheoretical model of exercise behavior (Prochaska & Marcus, 1994) which proposes that individuals progress through stages of exercise behavior. Researchers have explored constructs affecting movement through the …

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Attentional And Judgement Biases Associated With Body Weight Preoccupation In Children And Adolescents., Stephanie Lynn Muller Jan 2000

Attentional And Judgement Biases Associated With Body Weight Preoccupation In Children And Adolescents., Stephanie Lynn Muller

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Most cognitive behavioral theories of the eating disorders emphasize the influences of beliefs and attitudes related to body weight and shape on the development and maintenance of pathological eating and weight control behaviors. Recent research has found support for the theories and specifically for the presence of attentional, judgement, and memory biases in individuals diagnosed with eating disorders as well as women who are preoccupied with body weight (Williamson, Muller, Reas, & Thaw, 1999). This research has focused almost without exception on adult populations. However, eating disorders as well as preoccupation with body size and shape have increased in preadolescent …

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Prospective Memory: Contributions Of Age, Individual Differences, And Metamemory., Celinda M. Reese Jan 2000

Prospective Memory: Contributions Of Age, Individual Differences, And Metamemory., Celinda M. Reese

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The influence of age, ability, monitoring, and metamemory on event-based prospective memory was examined using an adapted version of G. O. Einstein and M. A. McDaniel's (1990) task. Two samples of younger and older adults who differed in educational attainment and verbal ability were compared. Contrary to previous research (Cherry & LeCompte, 1999), the age/ability groups did not differ on prospective memory performance. On-line monitoring ratings were not related to prospective memory but posttest monitoring ratings were. Age differences in reports of task-irrelevant thoughts emerged from the on-line monitoring data. Although age and ability group differences on self-reports of memory …

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Internet Use And Its Relation To Mental And Physical Health Among Older Adults, Michael Anthony Mangan Jan 2000

Internet Use And Its Relation To Mental And Physical Health Among Older Adults, Michael Anthony Mangan

Doctoral Dissertations

This exploratory study examined relations between frequency of Internet use among adults 65 and older and perceptions of social support and personal control. Additionally, standard multiple regression procedures were employed to assess the usefulness of frequency of Internet use, perceived social support, and perceived control as predictors of mental and physical health. Results were that frequency of Internet use was uncorrelated with perceptions of social support and personal control and was not predictive of mental or physical health. Perceived social support and perceived control emerged as predictors of mental and physical health. Recommendations for future research that refines measurement of …

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The Moses Illusion In Reading Comprehension, Anne E. Cook Jan 2000

The Moses Illusion In Reading Comprehension, Anne E. Cook

Doctoral Dissertations

The Moses Illusion refers to participants' failure to detect distortions in questions such as, "How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark?" although it was actually Noah's Ark. The Illusion is thought to depend on the semantic relation between the distorted term (e.g., Moses) and the correct term (e.g., Noah). The Illusion literature has been limited mostly to investigations of semantic memory and to a single-question format. The experiments reported in this dissertation examined whether the Illusion extends to longer passages of text and whether it is influenced by the presence of the correct term in …

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The Difference Between Aggressive And Non-Aggressive Hospitalized Adolescents In Their Projected Aggression And Developmental Levels Of Object Relations Functioning, Suzannah L.B. Espinosa Jan 2000

The Difference Between Aggressive And Non-Aggressive Hospitalized Adolescents In Their Projected Aggression And Developmental Levels Of Object Relations Functioning, Suzannah L.B. Espinosa

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.

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The Multiple Emotions Deficit In An Adult Population Sample, James A. Wrable Jan 2000

The Multiple Emotions Deficit In An Adult Population Sample, James A. Wrable

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.

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A Novel Experimental Approach To The Explication Of Information Processing Differences Between High And Low Anxious Individuals., Gina M. Manguno-Mire Jan 2000

A Novel Experimental Approach To The Explication Of Information Processing Differences Between High And Low Anxious Individuals., Gina M. Manguno-Mire

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The information processing perspective of cognition and emotion has been a fruitful area of research inquiry in recent years. As a result of this recent spate of interest, emotional processing biases in anxiety have been consistently demonstrated, indicating that anxious individuals possess a processing priority for threatening information. This study is an attempt to further examine the processing biases which characterize anxious and nonanxious individuals. Pilot work was conducted to investigate the utility of a novel approach, the affective categorization task, to examine the affective meaning of lexical stimuli. Pilot research using the affective categorization task with socially anxious individuals …

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Development Of An Instrument For Predicting Success Of Persons In Real Estate Sales Careers., Carmel O. Streater Jan 2000

Development Of An Instrument For Predicting Success Of Persons In Real Estate Sales Careers., Carmel O. Streater

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this research was to develop a biodata instrument that would validly predict individuals with zero or non-zero sales production in real estate sales careers. Correlational and factorial procedures were used to develop keys for the biodata instrument. A logistic regression analysis was performed to measure the ability of the instrument to correctly predict the dichotomous forms of the dependent variables. Follow-up data on sales production was gathered at three and six months after the biodata instrument was administered. Subjects were real estate salespersons enrolled in entrylevel training classes across the country. Dependent variables in this study were …

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Calling Dr. Love: The Physician-Patient Sexual Relationship As Grounds For Medical Malpractice - Society Pays While The Doctor And Patient Play, Scott M. Puglise Jan 2000

Calling Dr. Love: The Physician-Patient Sexual Relationship As Grounds For Medical Malpractice - Society Pays While The Doctor And Patient Play, Scott M. Puglise

Journal of Law and Health

This note examines "consensual" sexual relationships between non-mental health physicians and patients. More specifically, it examines whether such relationships ever amount to medical malpractice. Generally, a non-mental health physician would be liable under the rubric of medical malpractice only if the sexual relationship was commenced under the guise of "medical treatment." Recent cases, however, have expanded liability in certain circumstances when the physician-patient relationship has involved "counseling matters." "Counseling matters" describes talking to patients about their feelings, or discussing personal problems not necessarily related to their proposed treatment. Medical treatment supplemented by "counseling" purportedly requires greater scrutiny due to the …

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Black And White Undergraduate Resident University Students' Stages Of Intercultural Sensitivity And Racial Identity At Indiana State University, Kenneth Darryl Coopwood Jan 2000

Black And White Undergraduate Resident University Students' Stages Of Intercultural Sensitivity And Racial Identity At Indiana State University, Kenneth Darryl Coopwood

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The summary report of the 1996 climate study conducted at Indiana State University revealed that the campus could appropriately be termed chilly”. The study further revealed that only 54% of Black students and 74.9% of White students would recommend the university to another potential student. The ability to survive in chilly” climates has many determinants rooted in students' ability to identify with self (Tatum, 1997). However, since there were no or inaccurate references to student present identities, retention-based programmatic developments thought to be central to student perceptions of campus life were perceived to be in vain. The use of cognitive …

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Effectiveness Of The Infusion Of Reading Component Model Based Remedial Reading Instruction On The Reading Achievement Of Students In Learning Disabilities And Title I Remedial Reading Programs, Sonja O'Lita Frantz Jan 2000

Effectiveness Of The Infusion Of Reading Component Model Based Remedial Reading Instruction On The Reading Achievement Of Students In Learning Disabilities And Title I Remedial Reading Programs, Sonja O'Lita Frantz

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study tested the effectiveness of the infusion of remedial reading instruction, derived from the Reading Component Model, on the reading achievement of children in learning disabilities and Title I classrooms. The Reading Component Model is based on the premise that the reading process is composed of two major components, word recognition and comprehension, and poor functioning of either component can affect reading performance. Remedial instruction based on the component model focuses and tailors instruction on the weak component. In contrast, the discrepancy model, a model that is predominant in U.S. schools, classifies students into two categories: those with …

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The Relationship Of Health Locus Of Control, Health Value, And Perceived Health Competence To Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Outcomes, Jodie Gail Eckleberry Jan 2000

The Relationship Of Health Locus Of Control, Health Value, And Perceived Health Competence To Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Outcomes, Jodie Gail Eckleberry

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to answer the questions: (a) What is the relationship between metabolic control and health-related quality of life? (b) What is the relationship among health locus of control, health value, perceived health competence, and metabolic control in Type 2 diabetes? and (c) What is the relationship among health locus of control, health value, perceived health competence, and health-related quality of life in Type 2 diabetes? Ninety-one adults ages 30–79 with Type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited from physicians' offices in Southern Indiana. Participants completed instruments that provided (a) disease-specific health locus of control, (b) health …

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Therapeutic Jurisprudence In The Appellate Arena—A Louisiana Jurist's Response, Sol Gothard Jan 2000

Therapeutic Jurisprudence In The Appellate Arena—A Louisiana Jurist's Response, Sol Gothard

Seattle University Law Review

Having recognized that there can be both therapeutic and antitherapeutic effects of judicial decisions, I would like to offer this consideration concerning the use of therapeutic jurisprudence in the appellate courts. In his Article, Therapeutic Jurisprudence in the Appellate Arena, David Wexler asks, "Does the ability to issue advisory opinions enhance a court's ability to create 'therapeutic' doctrines?" As a general rule, courts are not allowed to issue advisory opinions and there are strong reasons for such a prohibition.

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