Digital Commons Network^™

Maternal Food Insecurity And Adverse Birth Outcomes, Narysse Nicolet, Amrita Bhagia, Katie Ziegler, Lacey Mccormack, Amy Elliott, Christine Hockett

Scholarship Pathways Program

Background: Despite being a high-income country, the United States faces persistent food insecurity (FI), disproportionately affecting women of reproductive age. This study investigates the association between prenatal FI and adverse birth outcomes, specifically birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA), among a diverse cohort of pregnant individuals in South Dakota.

Methods: A longitudinal analysis was conducted using data from 1,478 mother-infant pairs enrolled in the Safe Passage Cohort of the ECHO study. Prenatal FI was assessed using a modified USDA Household Food Security Questionnaire. Birth outcomes were analyzed using both univariate and multivariate regression models, adjusting for maternal sociodemographic and …

Impacts Of Toxic Fescue Seed Consumed By Pregnant Heifers On Maternal Blood Flow And Offspring Growth Parameters: Potential For Melatonin As A Therapeutic To Improve Offspring Growth, Rachel Scott

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The southeastern United States is home to endophyte-infected (E+), toxic, tall fescue grass. Consumption of E+ fescue by livestock has been linked to fescue toxicosis, a disease reported to cost the United States beef industry around $1 billion in annual losses. The primary objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the influence of pregnant cattle consuming E+ seed during gestation on uterine artery blood flow and growth performance of female offspring. The secondary objective was to investigate melatonin supplementation as a mitigation strategy for expected fescue-associated decreases in uterine artery blood flow and offspring growth performance. The study reported in …

Participant Personal Characteristics And Adherence To Oral Capsules: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial Of Antenatal Probiotics, Lisa Hanson, Kathlyn Albert, Emily Malloy, Maharaj Singh, Mikala Kallay, Ava Brandt, Courtney Morris, Diana Kleber, Marie Forgie

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Adherence to study interventions is critical to the conduct of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The relationships between participant characteristics and intervention adherence are understudied in pregnant populations. The purpose of this study was to conduct a secondary analysis of adherence to study capsules in a double-masked, placebo-controlled RCT of a probiotic intervention to reduce antenatal Group B Streptococcus colonization, in relationship to participant characteristics.

Methods

We analyzed the relationship between capsule adherence rates and demographic characteristics among 81 RCT participants. Categorical variables were reported using counts and percentages, and continuous variables were expressed as means along with their standard …

Early-Life Factors And Body Mass Index Trajectories Among Children In The Echo Cohort, Chang Liu, Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Identifying atypical body mass index (BMI) trajectories in children and understanding associated, modifiable early-life factors may help prevent childhood obesity.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize multiphase BMI trajectories in children and identify associated modifiable early-life factors.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included longitudinal data obtained from January 1997 to June 2024, from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) cohort, which included children aged 1 to 9 years with 4 or more weight and height assessments. Analyses were conducted from January to June 2024.

EXPOSURES: Prenatal exposure to substances and stress (smoking, alcohol, depression, anxiety), maternal characteristics (prepregnancy …

Maternal-Fetal Surgery For Myelomeningocele Longitudinal Follow-Up Model: Mitigation Of Care Fragmentation Through Care Coordination And Outcomes Reporting, Jonathan Castillo, Mary M Locastro, Romain Corroenne, Anjali Malhotra, Alexander Van Speybroeck, Grace Lai, Michael A Belfort, Magdalena Sanz Cortes, Heidi Castillo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose

Methods

Results

Determining The Bioaccumulation Of Minor Cannabinoids In Zebrafish Larvae, Kamdyn A. Holt

Honors Theses

Due to the increasing prevalence of cannabis product availability and usage in the modern United States, particularly among pregnant individuals, evaluating the bioaccumulation of minor cannabinoids to further understand the adverse effects of cannabinoids during early development is critical. This study quantitated the uptake of eight minor cannabinoids ((∆8-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆8-THC), ∆9-THC, ∆10-THC, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabinol (CBN), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), and hexahydrocannabinol (HHC)) in zebrafish larvae following water-borne 2 µM exposures from 6 to 96 hours post fertilization (hpf). Larvae were homogenized at 96 hpf and analyzed using a gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method developed in this study. Bioconcentration …

Nutrition And Growth, Chris Burley, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

From a child’s embryonic development in the womb to adulthood, nutrition plays a key role in physical, mental, and social growth and development. Throughout the lifespan, proper nutrition and growth are essential to living a long, healthy life. Nutrition is particularly important in the developmental period.

Spectrum Of Congenital Anomalies Detected Through Anatomy Ultrasound At A Referral Hospital In Ghana, Alim Swarray-Deen, Morgan Yapundich, Sarah Boudova, Kwaku Doffour-Dapaah, Jeff Osei-Agyapong, Perez Sepenu, Alex K. Boateng, Teresa A. Mensah, Patrick Anum, Nana Essuman Oduro, Theophilus Adu-Bredu, Promise E. Sefogah, Jerry Coleman, Samuel A. Oppong

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Africa has a high burden of congenital anomalies due in part to limited preconception care, infections, and environmental exposures. However, the true prevalence of congenital anomalies is unclear because of insufficient access to prenatal diagnostic services. We aimed to determine the rate of congenital anomalies, and characterize the anomalies detected prenatally at a referral hospital in Ghana.

METHODS: We performed a four-year retrospective review of all fetal anomaly ultrasounds performed and congenital anomalies detected from January 1st, 2020, to December 31st, 2023, at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana. Data were extracted from the electronic database on maternal age, …

The Impact Of Marijuana Edibles On Fetal Development In Pregnant Adolescents And Young Mothers, Rachel Doyle

Honors Theses

With the growing prevalence of marijuana use for both recreational and medicinal purposes, this study explores the impact of edible cannabis consumption on fetal development in pregnant adolescents and young mothers. While most existing research focuses on smoked cannabis in adult populations, this review highlights a significant gap regarding the unique risks of edibles among younger, vulnerable users who may perceive them as safer. Through a comprehensive literature review, the study examines the physiological effects of THC in edible form, as well as the social, economic, and healthcare factors influencing its use. Key areas of focus include maternal health, placental …

The Impact Of Paternal Obesity On Placental Development And Function During Pregnancy, Delaney G. Wolfe, Delaney G. Wiolfe

Department of Nutrition Student Projects

Paternal obesity is a rising concern in conception and reproductive health, with increasing evidence suggesting its impact on pregnancy outcomes. While maternal obesity's effects on fetal development and placental function are well-documented, the role of paternal obesity remains less understood. The placenta, crucial for nutrient exchange and fetal development, can be disrupted by inflammation, oxidative stress, and epigenetic modifications, potentially leading to long-term health implications for both maternal and fetal health. Understanding the paternal influence on placental development is essential for improving pregnancy outcomes and offspring
health. This study aims to investigate the relationship between paternal obesity on placental function …

A Cluster Randomized Trial Of Xylitol Chewing Gum For Prevention Of Preterm Birth: The Ppax Trial, Gregory C Valentine, Kathleen M Antony, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Alexis C Wood, Rose Chirwa, Saukani Petro, Mary Dumba, Deborah Nanthuru, Cynthia Shope, Jesse Mlotha-Namarika, Jeffrey Wilkinson, Joshua Aagaard, Ellen J Aagaard, Maxim D Seferovic, Judy Levison, Peter Kazembe, Kjersti M Aagaard

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Maternal periodontal disease is associated with preterm and low-birthweight deliveries, but randomized trials of likely efficacious treatments (e.g., dental scaling and root planing) during pregnancy have not reduced these adverse outcomes. As an alternative, we hypothesized that periconception initiation of xylitol chewing gum would reduce the occurrence of preterm or low-birthweight deliveries among a historical high-prevalence population in Malawi.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, parallel-enrollment, matched-pair, cluster-randomized, controlled clinical trial across eight health centers (sites) in and around Lilongwe, Malawi. Sites were paired by anticipated delivery volume and randomized to prenatal and oral health education alone (active control) or …

Fish Consumption And Knowledge Of Chemical Pollutants Among A Sample Of New Mothers In Tripoli, Libya, Thuraya A. Abuhlega, Huria M. Maamar

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Fish and fish products are important sources of nutritional elements, especially iodine and unsaturated fatty acids (omega-3). These are essential for pregnant women and their embryos during a pregnancy period. However, women and their embryos may be exposed to chemical pollutants when they consume fish. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the consumption pattern of fish during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and post-pregnancy periods, and explore the awareness on the chemical pollutants in fish among the women who recently gave birth in Tripoli city, Libya. This study targeted 370 women randomly in Tripoli city and collected data through a face to face …

Intestinal Epithelial Serotonin As A Novel Target For Treating Disorders Of Gut-Brain Interaction And Mood, Lin Y Hung, Nuno D Alves, Andrew Del Colle, Ardesheer Talati, Sarah A Najjar, Virginie Bouchard, Virginie Gillet, Yan Tong, Zixing Huang, Kirsteen N Browning, Jialiang Hua, Ying Liu, James O Woodruff, Daniel Juarez, Melissa Medina, Jonathan Posner, Raquel Tonello, Nazli Yalcinkaya, Narek Israelyan, Roey Ringel, Letao Yang, Kam W Leong, Mu Yang, Ji Ying Sze, Tor Savidge, Jay Gingrich, Robert J Shulman, Michael D Gershon, Annie Ouellet, Larissa Takser, Mark S Ansorge, Kara Gross Margolis

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background & aims: Mood disorders and disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) are highly prevalent, commonly comorbid, and lack fully effective therapies. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are first-line pharmacological treatments for these disorders, they may impart adverse effects, including anxiety, anhedonia, dysmotility, and, in children exposed in utero, an increased risk of cognitive, mood, and gastrointestinal disorders. SSRIs act systemically to block the serotonin reuptake transporter and enhance serotonergic signaling in the brain, intestinal epithelium, and enteric neurons. Yet, the compartments that mediate the therapeutic and adverse effects of SSRIs are unknown, as is whether gestational SSRI exposure directly …

Postnatal Zika And Dengue Infection And Their Effects On Neurodevelopment Among Children Living In Rural Guatemala, Edwin J Asturias, Amy K Connery, Daniel Olson, Molly M Lamb, Alejandra Paniagua-Avila, Evan J Anderson, Chris Focht, Alison M Colbert, Muktha Natrajan, Jesse J Waggoner, Erin Scherer, D Mirella Calvimontes, Guillermo A Bolaños, Desirée Bauer, Paola Arroyave, Sara Hernández, Maria A Martinez, Aida V Ralda, Neudy Rojop, Edgar E Barrios, Andrea Chacon, Walla Dempsey, Kay M Tomashek, Wendy A Keitel, Hana M El Sahly, Flor M Muñoz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Prenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection leads to microcephaly and adverse neurodevelopment. The effects of postnatal ZIKV infection on the developing brain are unknown. We assessed the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children exposed postnatally during the ZIKV epidemic.

Methods: A prospective study enrolled infants 0-3 months of age and their mothers, and children 1.5-3.5 years of age in rural Guatemala from 2017 and were followed for 12 months until 2019. Neurodevelopment was evaluated using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV) infections were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using active surveillance. Serological analyses, stratified by …

Characterization Of Tnsalp Expression And Activity In Porcine Utero-Placental Tissues, Claire Stenhouse, Nirvay Sah, Katherine M. Halloran, Robyn M. Moses, Makenzie G. Newton, Joe W. Cain, Heewon Seo, Guoyao Wu, Gregory A. Johnson, Fuller W. Bazer

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Abstract: Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) regulates postnatal phosphate homeostasis, but its role in utero-placental phosphate availability remains poorly understood. Gilts were bred and hysterectomized on Day 60 or Day 90 of gestation (n = 6/day). Phosphate was less abundant in allantoic and amniotic fluids on Day 90 compared to Day 60. TNSALP protein was immunolocalized, and enzymatic activity was quantified and localized in endometrial and chorioallantois tissues. Day had no effect on TNSALP activity in the chorioallantois. In contrast, endometrial TNSALP activity was lower on Day 90 compared to Day 60. Phosphate abundance in allantoic fluid correlated positively with …

Liver Transplantation In 3 Cholestatic Infants With History Of Covid Exposure, Shruti Sakhuja, Kalyani R Patel, Matthew Goss, Flor M Munoz, Garrett Wortham, Megan Crawford, John A Goss, Nhu Thao Galvan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic presents several challenges during pregnancy including thromboembolic complications, direct placental infection, transplacental transmission, and systemic hyperinflammatory state. The liver is the second most commonly affected organ in SARS-CoV-2 infection after the lungs. Mechanisms of liver injury in COVID-19 patients can include: direct viral cytopathic effect, worsening of underlying liver disease, cytokine storm, hypoxic ischemic injury, and cholangiopathy leading to persistent marked cholestasis. Here we describe 3 infants at Texas Children's Hospital with perinatal SARS-CoV-2 exposure with persistent cholestasis and histologic evidence of extrahepatic biliary obstruction suggesting underlying biliary atresia (BA) with some atypical features possibly exacerbated by …

Effects Of Prebiotic Phytocompound Administration In Gestational Diabetic Dams And Its Influence On Offspring Cognitive Outcomes, Gayathri Jagadeesan, Tushar K Das, Jennifer M Mendoza, Ghalya Alrousan, Maria P Blasco-Conesa, Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Bhanu Priya Ganesh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GD)-induced gut dysbiosis in pregnant mothers may increase the risk of cognitive impairment and neurological disorders in both the mother and offspring as they age. Restoring gut balance could improve cognitive outcomes for both. Despite advancements in GD treatment, side effects have increased, and long-term neurocognitive impacts on offspring born to GD mothers remain underexplored. This study uses a GD mouse model, inducing pancreatic dysfunction in 3-month-old pregnant C57BL/6J mice with Streptozotocin. The efficacy and mechanism of the prebiotic phytocompound green leaf extract (

Cost-Effectiveness Of Intrapartum Azithromycin To Prevent Maternal Infection, Sepsis, Or Death In Low-Income And Middle-Income Countries: A Modelling Analysis Of Data From A Randomised, Multicentre, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Jackie K. Patterson, Simon Neuwahl, Sydney Kirsch, Janet L. Moore, Alan T.N. Tita, Waldemar A. Carlo, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Musaku Mwenechanya, Elwyn Chomba, Avinash Kavi, Mrityunjay C. Metgud, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Richard J. Derman, Poonam Shivkumar, Manju Waikar, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Paul Nyongesa, Fabian Esamai, Osa A. Ekhaguere, Sherri Bucher, Saleem Jessani, Shiyam S. Tikmani, Sarah Saleem, Blair J. Wylie, Robert L. Goldenberg, Sk Masum Billah, Ruth Lennox, Rashidul Haque, William A. Petri, Manolo Mazariegos, Nancy F. Krebs, Jennifer J. Hemingway-Foday, Denise Babineau, Marion Koso-Thomas, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Melissa Bauserman

Global Health Articles

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality globally. In 2023, the Azithromycin Prevention in Labor Use (A-PLUS) trial showed intrapartum azithromycin for women planning a vaginal birth reduced the risk of maternal sepsis or death and infection. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of intrapartum azithromycin for pregnant people planning a vaginal birth in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) using A-PLUS trial data.

METHODS: We compared the benefits and costs of intrapartum azithromycin versus standard care across 100 000 model simulations using data from the A-PLUS trial and a probabilistic decision tree model that included 24 …

Identifying Pregnant Women With Disabilities And Maternal And Newborn Outcomes, Alka Dev, Willi Horner-Johnson, Andrew Schaefer, Cecilia Ganduglia-Cazaban, Thérèse A Stukel, David C Goodman, Joanna K Leyenaar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Pregnant women with disabilities are at higher risk of poor pregnancy and birth outcomes. Different methods for identifying disability may affect estimates of health disparities in this population.

Objective: To compare pregnancy and birth outcomes among pregnant women using different ways of identifying maternal disability.

Design, setting, and participants: Retrospective cohort study of linked vital records and maternal and newborn claims for Medicaid-insured live births from January 2010 to December 2014 in Texas. Data analysis was conducted from October 2023 to May 2024.

Exposure: Births grouped into 5 maternal cohorts: no identified disability, disability benefits enrollment only, disability diagnostic …

Rural–Urban Differences In Substance Use During Pregnancy, Emma Kathryn Boswell, Olivia M. Hinds, Cassie Odahowski Phd, Mph, Elizabeth L. Crouch, Peiyin Hung Ph.D, Christina M. Andrews Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Purpose: Drug overdoses are now a leading cause of pregnancy-related deaths in the United States. Despite evidence of rural–urban disparities in substance use, there has not yet been a nationally representative examination of rural–urban differences in perinatal substance use. This study provides a comprehensive examination of rural–urban disparities in perinatal substance use. Methods: This study uses cross-sectional data to examine 3499 pregnant women from the 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Rural (nonmetro)–urban (metro) differences in past-month tobacco use, alcohol use, binge drinking, illicit drug use, and marijuana use were examined using Rao–Scott chi-square tests and multivariable …

Altered Thermal Preference By Preoptic Estrogen Receptor Alpha Neurons In Postpartum Females, Nan Zhang, Meng Yu, Qianru Zhao, Bing Feng, Yue Deng, Jonathan C Bean, Qingzhuo Liu, Benjamin P Eappen, Yang He, Kristine M Conde, Hailan Liu, Yongjie Yang, Longlong Tu, Mengjie Wang, Yongxiang Li, Na Yin, Hesong Liu, Junying Han, Darah Ave Threat, Nathan Xu, Taylor Smiley, Pingwen Xu, Lulu Chen, Tianshu Zeng, Yanlin He, Chunmei Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate how reproductive experience (RE) alters thermal preference and thermoregulation in female mice, with a focus on estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-expressing neurons in the preoptic area (POA).

METHODS: Thermal preference and body temperature were measured in female mice with and without RE, and virgin female mice with selective deletion of ERα from the POA (ERα

RESULTS: We showed that female mice prefer a cooler environment starting from late pregnancy and persisting long term postpartum. Female mice with RE (>4 weeks post-weaning) displayed lower body temperature and a lower thermal preferred temperature, and lost preference …

Multiethnic Growth Standards For Fetal Body Composition And Organ Volumes Derived From 3d Ultrasonography, Katherine L Grantz, Wesley Lee, Lauren M Mack, Magdalena Sanz Cortes, Luis F Goncalves, Jimmy Espinoza, Roger B Newman, William A Grobman, Ronald J Wapner, Karin Fuchs, Mary E D'Alton, Daniel W Skupski, John Owen, Anthony Sciscione, Deborah A Wing, Michael P Nageotte, Angela C Ranzini, Edward K Chien, Sabrina Craigo, Seth Sherman, Robert E Gore-Langton, Dian He, Fasil Tekola-Ayele, Cuilin Zhang, Jagteshwar Grewal, Zhen Chen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: A major goal of contemporary obstetrical practice is to optimize fetal growth and development throughout pregnancy. To date, fetal growth during prenatal care is assessed by performing ultrasonographic measurement of 2-dimensional fetal biometry to calculate an estimated fetal weight. Our group previously established 2-dimensional fetal growth standards using sonographic data from a large cohort with multiple sonograms. A separate objective of that investigation involved the collection of fetal volumes from the same cohort.

Objective: The Fetal 3D Study was designed to establish standards for fetal soft tissue and organ volume measurements by 3-dimensional ultrasonography and compare growth trajectories with …

Early Life Epigenetics And Childhood Outcomes: A Scoping Review, Srirupa Hari Gopal, Theresa Alenghat, Mohan Pammi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression, without a change in the DNA sequence that are potentially heritable. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) changes have been studied in various childhood disorders. Causal links to maternal health and toxin exposures can introduce epigenetic modifications to the fetal DNA, which can be detected in the cord blood. Cord blood epigenetic modifications provide evidence of in-utero stressors and immediate postnatal changes, which can impact both short and long-term outcomes in children. The mechanisms of these epigenetic changes can be leveraged for prevention, early …

Breastfeeding Interventions And Programs Conducted In The Islamic Republic Of Iran: A Scoping Review, Patricia J. Kelly, Amrita Sidhu, Anusha Sajja, Devanshi Majeethia, Elizabeth Dodge, Basil H. Aboul-Enein

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

The purpose of this review was to identify interventions promoting breastfeeding (BF), BF practices and their outcomes in Iran. Using the PRISMA-ScR Guidelines, we searched across 14 databases for publications published between 2010 and February 2024 to identify studies published in English or Farsi language in peer-reviewed journals, using search terms 'breastfeeding', 'lactation', 'education', 'promotion', 'intervention' and 'program'. Inclusion criteria included intervention-based studies with quantitative outcomes of pregnant women/mothers receiving education, training or other intervention that promoted BF or exclusive BF. Excluded studies were protocols, those examining Iranian communities outside of Iran publications in other languages, brief communications, gray literature …

Navigating Pregnancy With Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Risk Stratification, And Maternal–Fetal Outcomes, Osman Türkmen, Serra Akar İnan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Pregnancy induces significant cardiovascular changes, including increases in heart rate, blood volume, and cardiac output, which may exacerbate existing heart conditions or unmask previously undiagnosed heart diseases.. This review outlines the types of cardiovascular diseases that affect pregnant women, organized by the modified World Health Organization risk classification. It covers key areas, including how pregnancy impacts the heart, common maternal and fetal complications, and effective management strategies. The review emphasizes the importance of preconception counseling, risk assessment, and continuous monitoring to ensure the best maternal and fetal outcomes. It also highlights practical guidelines for healthcare providers and discusses the latest …

Investigation Of Lipophilic And Hydrophilic Leaf Extracts Of Portulaca Oleracea On Gestation In Albino Rats (Rattus Norvegicus), Victoria Chinenye Obinna, Hope Delesi Kagbo, Gabriel Ogaba Agu

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Portulaca oleracea Linn. is one of the indigenous plants currently gaining ground and recognition globally as both vegetable and medicinal herb. The scarcity of literature on the safety of P. oleracea uses in pregnancy prompted this research. Objective: This study investigated the effect of the lipophilic and hydrophilic leaf extracts of P. oleracea on gestation/fetal indices. Methods: The extracts were obtained using two extracting solvents – chloroform and 80% aqueous methanol in succession. Thirty-five successfully mated female rats were divided into seven groups. Group 1 (control) received 0.5 ml 20% Tween 80 (vehicle), Groups 2, 3, and 4 received …

Short Duration Of Antenatal Corticosteroid Exposure And Outcomes In Extremely Preterm Infants, Sanjay Chawla, Myra H Wyckoff, Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Matthew A Rysavy, Ravi Mangal Patel, Dhuly Chowdhury, Abhik Das, Rachel G Greenberg, Girija Natarajan, Seetha Shankaran, Edward F Bell, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Noelle E Younge, Abbot R Laptook, Leeann R Pavlek, Carl H Backes, Krisa P Van Meurs, Erika F Werner, Waldemar A Carlo, National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development (Nichd) Neonatal Research Network (Nrn)

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: When preterm delivery is imminent, it remains unclear whether the timing from administration of antenatal betamethasone to birth may reduce mortality and morbidity among extremely preterm infants.

Objective: To evaluate the association of duration from exposure to first dose of antenatal betamethasone with outcomes among extremely preterm infants.

Design, setting, and participants: This cohort study enrolled infants born at 22 0/7 to 27 6/7 weeks' gestation from January 2016 to February 2021 at National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network centers. Infants exposed to multiple doses of antenatal betamethasone, infants who did not receive intensive …

Relationship Between Gestational Weight Gain With Fetal Body Composition And Organ Volumes In The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development (Nichd) Fetal Dimensional Study: A Prospective Pregnancy Cohort, Kathryn A Wagner, Zhen Chen, Stefanie N Hinkle, Jessica L Gleason, Wesley Lee, William A Grobman, John Owen, Roger B Newman, Daniel W Skupski, Dian He, Seth Sherman, Robert E Gore-Langton, Cuilin Zhang, Jagteshwar Grewal, Katherine L Grantz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with increased risk of newborn small- and large-for-gestational-age, respectively, and future offspring adiposity. However, the relationship between GWG and three-dimensional (3D) measures of fetal body composition and organ volumes, which may provide greater insight into fetal growth via measurement of soft tissue, remains unknown.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between trimester-specific GWG and 3D fetal body composition and organ volume measurements.

Methods: In a diverse, US prospective pregnancy cohort, trimester-specific GWG was calculated as difference between maternal weight at beginning and end of each …

Association Between Maternal Stress And Child Sleep Quality: A Nationwide Echo Prospective Cohort Study, Sarah Dee Geiger, Aruna Chandran, Marie L Churchill, Maxwell Mansolf, Cai Zhang, Salma Musaad, Courtney K Blackwell, Stephanie M Eick, Dana E Goin, Susan Korrick, Akram Alshawabkeh, Patricia A Brennan, Carrie V Breton, Jose F Cordero, Sean Deoni, Viren D'Sa, Anne L Dunlop, Amy J Elliott, Assiamira Ferrara, Arlene Keddie, Monique Lebourgeois, Kaja Z Lewinn, Daphne Koinis-Mitchell, Maristella Lucchini, Sara S Nozadi, Thomas O'Connor, Yeyi Zhu, Emily Zimmerman, Susan L Schantz

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Childhood sleep quality is associated with physical, cognitive, and behavioral health and predicts later sleep quality; it has many determinants, including developmental exposures.

Objectives: To examine associations between maternal stress during pregnancy and childhood sleep quality and determine whether postnatal stress mediates the association.

Method: Data from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes cohort were used. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) T-scores were the exposure measure. Outcome measures were preschool Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) sleep syndrome scale and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Sleep Disturbance Parent Proxy short form 4a (PSD4a) T-scores at ages 4-8 years. Linear mixed-effects regression …

Pathways To Green River District Health Department, Gracelyn P. Bush

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

In an effort to decrease Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) in the Green River District of Western Kentucky, this grant proposes the expansion of the evidence-based University of Kentucky PATHways program to the Green River District Health Department (GRDHD). To protect the health of both women and children, this program will specifically target pregnant women with substance use disorder (SUD). This program will deliver a group-based prenatal and postpartum curriculum with the integration of Peer Recovery Support Specialists, specifically modeled on Social Cognitive Theory and the adoption of whole-person care. The proposed program spans a three-year time frame, beginning with program …