Hhp-8 Barriers And Facilitators To Regular Physical Activity And Healthy Eating Behaviors In Schools: Perspectives Of South Carolina School Personnel, Logan J. Camp-Spivey, Susan D. Newman, Robert N. Stevens, Michelle Nichols

SC Upstate Research Symposium

Background: In South Carolina (SC), 42% of youth are overweight or obese. Two sets of modifiable behaviors contributing to obesity are physical activity (PA) and dietary habits. School-based interventions have successfully improved these behaviors. The purpose of this study was to identify SC public school personnel perspectives on the most common barriers and facilitators to regular PA and healthy eating behaviors in schools.
Methods: A needs assessment survey was conducted with school personnel statewide. There were 17 questions on the survey that addressed: (1) demographic information about participants’ educational backgrounds, (2) barriers to regular PA and healthy eating behaviors in …

Time Spent Jogging/Running And Biological Aging In 4,458 U.S. Adults: An Nhanes Investigation, Christina Michelle Blackmon

Theses and Dissertations

Telomere length is a good index of cellular aging. Longer telomeres are predictive of longer life, and healthy lifestyles are associated with longer telomeres. This study explored the relationship between time spent jogging or running each week and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in 4,458 randomly selected U.S. adults. The association was studied using data collected by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and a cross-sectional design. Total weekly jog/run time was calculated from survey responses. From the minute totals, three categories were formed: <10 minutes/week, 10-74 minutes/week, and ≥75 minutes/week. Adults in the third category met the U.S. guidelines. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Partial correlation was used to adjust for differences in potential mediating factors, including demographic and lifestyle/medical factors. In the total sample, after adjusting for all the potential covariates, mean LTL significantly differed across the 3 jog/run categories (F=4.1, P=0.0272). Specifically, adults who met the guidelines via jogging and/or running had significantly longer telomeres than adults who performed no jogging/running. Adults in the middle category did not differ from the other two categories. A minimum of 75 minutes of jogging/running weekly is predictive of longer telomeres when compared to adults who do not jog or run regularly.

Prevalence Of Recess And Supportive Practices At A Nationwide Sample Of Public Elementary Schools In The United States, Marisa M. Tsai, Deborah A. Olarte, Erin R. Hager, Juliana F. W. Cohen, Lindsey Turner

University Author Recognition Bibliography: 2024

Background: Recess provides an important opportunity for children to be physically active during weekdays. Updated, nationally representative, prevalence estimates of elementary school recess practices in the United States are needed.

Methods: Surveys were sent to a nationally representative sample of 1010 public elementary schools in the 2019-2020 school year. Results were compared by region (Northeast, Midwest, South, West), urbanicity, size, racial and ethnic composition, and socioeconomic status (percent eligible for free/reduced-priced meals).

Results: A total of 559 responses were obtained. About 87.9% of schools provided at least 20 minutes of daily recess and 26.6% had trained recess supervisors. Most schools …

Widening Health Research Initiatives For Older Adults In Malaysia: A Scoping Review Of Exercise- Related Physical Activity, Mark Stephan Felix

Asia-Pacific Social Science Review

Increasing health concerns among the older adult population in Malaysia may be ameliorated by the use of physical activity/exercise. To aid in this endeavor from an academic perspective, a scoping review was undertaken to map out the extant literature, identify research gaps, and provide directions for future research on the subject of older adults, physical activity/exercise, and health. The PRISMA-ScR guidelines were followed, and major academic databases were searched for relevant academic literature. From an initial 42,752 database search results, a total of 15 articles were finalized for data extraction, analysis, and synthesis after four rounds of exclusion. Gaps identified …

Comparison Of Raw Accelerometry Data From Actigraph, Apple Watch, Garmin, And Fitbit Using A Mechanical Shaker Table, James W. White Iii, Olivia L. Finnegan, Nick Tindall, Srihari Nelakuditi, David E. Brown Iii, Russell R. Pate Ph.D., Gregory J. Welk, Massimiliano De Zambotti, Rahul Ghosal, Yuan Wang, Sarah Burkart, Elizabeth L. Adams, Mvs Chandrashekhar, Bridget Armstrong, Michael W. Beets, Robert Weaver Med, Phd

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the raw accelerometry output from research-grade and consumer wearable devices compared to accelerations produced by a mechanical shaker table. Raw accelerometry data from a total of 40 devices (i.e., n = 10 ActiGraph wGT3X-BT, n = 10 Apple Watch Series 7, n = 10 Garmin Vivoactive 4S, and n = 10 Fitbit Sense) were compared to reference accelerations produced by an orbital shaker table at speeds ranging from 0.6 Hz (4.4 milligravity-mg) to 3.2 Hz (124.7mg). Two-way random effects absolute intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) tested inter-device reliability. …

Impact Of Processed Food On Heart Health, Elizabeth A. Moxley

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Impact of Processed Food on Heart Health

March 14, 2024|Elizabeth Moxley

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), remains the leading cause of death on a global scale.^[i],[ii] CVD is also the leading cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), specifically in low- and middle-income countries.^[iii] In spite of the improvement in ASCVD outcomes in recent decades, pervasive levels of ASCVD morbidity and mortality continue to be unfavorable.^[iv] According to the American Heart Association,⁵ effectively promoting dietary improvements and engagement in regular physical activity help prevent the ongoing risk …

Exercise-Induced Changes In Central Adiposity During An Rct: Effect Of Exercise Dose And Associations With Compensation, James L. Dorling, John W. Apolzan, Neil M. Johannsen, Diana M. Thomas, Christoph Höchsmann, Daniel S. Hsia, Corby K. Martin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Context: Exercise can decrease central adiposity, but the effect of exercise dose and the relationship between central adiposity and exercise-induced compensation is unclear. Objective: Test the effect of exercise dose on central adiposity change and the association between central adiposity and exercise-induced weight compensation. Methods: In this ancillary analysis of a 6-month randomized controlled trial, 170 participants with overweight or obesity (mean ± SD body mass index: 31.5 ± 4.7 kg/m2) were randomized to a control group or exercise groups that reflected exercise recommendations for health (8 kcal/kg/ week [KKW]) or weight loss and weight maintenance (20 KKW). Waist circumference …

Evaluation Of The Heal™Ing Mental Health Program: A Prospective Cohort Study Of Short-Term Changes From A Physical Activity And Lifestyle Education Program For People With Mental Health Disorders Living In Rural Australia, Annette J. Raynor, Sophia Nimphius, Daniel Kadlec, Sally Casson, Caitlin Fox-Harding, Lauren V. Fortington

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study aimed to evaluate short-term outcomes of the HEAL™ing Mental Health program, an 8-week intervention for change in functional, behavioural and physiological health and wellbeing designed for people living with mental health conditions in rural or regional areas of Australia. A prospective cohort study was completed, reporting on 19 items (pre-program) and 15 (post-participation change), organised across seven domains. Participants took part in an Accredited Exercise Physiologist/Nurse led supervised group exercise (60 minutes) and healthy lifestyle education program (60 minutes). Separate linear mixed models with restricted maximum likelihood were used to examine the primary research question considering the effect …

Healthy School Recognized Campus’ Impact On Middle School Children’S Physical Activity Levels And Cardiovascular Fitness, Hoang Dao, Minh Le, Paula Butler, Mia Putnam, Allyson Schaefers, Jacob Szeszulski

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Most current research is focused on the effectiveness of a single physical activity intervention. Healthy School Recognized Campus (HSRC) is a Texas A&M AgriLife Extension initiative that promotes the delivery of multiple physical activity and nutrition programs on a school campus, such as Walk Across Texas. PURPOSE: This study aims to determine whether HSRC will improve cardiovascular fitness and increase physical activity among middle school students. METHODS: Students completed the Youth Activity Profile (YAP) survey to assess the amount of time that students spent engaging in physical activity (during school, outside of school, on weekends) and sedentary behaviors, the …

Firefighter Health: A Narrative Review Of Occupational Threats And Countermeasures, Drew E. Gonzalez, Sarah N. Lanham, Steven E. Martin, Richard E. Cleveland, Thad E. Wilson, Emily L. Langford, Mark G. Abel

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Structural firefighters are responsible for protecting properties and saving lives during emergency operations. Despite efforts to prepare firefighters for these hazardous occupational demands, the unfortunate reality is that the incidence of health morbidities is increasing within the fire service. Specifically, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mental health disorders are among the most documented morbidities in firefighters. Pubmed and Google Scholar search engines were used to identify peer-reviewed English language manuscripts that evaluated firefighters’ occupational health threats, allostatic factors associated with their occurrence, and evidence-based strategies to mitigate their impact. This narrative review provides fire departments, practitioners, and researchers with evidence-based practices …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic And A Physical Therapy Program On Students’ Health Outcomes, Kristin S. Moreno, Caitlyn P. Ferguson, Vanessa A. Garcia, Manuel Gomez, Alvaro N. Gurovich

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(3): 199-211, 2024. The COVID-19 pandemic affected many aspects of everyday life including school, fitness regimens, and social interactions. The purpose of this study is to understand how COVID-19 restrictions affect the cardiovascular and mental health of Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students as they progressed through the program. Data collection occurred in 16 DPT students (8F:8M, 24±3 years) over a total of 3 visits from 2020 to 2022, during high, moderate, and low COVID-19 restrictions. Outcome measures included VO2max, Venous Occlusion Plethysmography (VOP), %fat mass measured via DEXA, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and International …

Scalar-On-Function Regression: Estimation And Inference Under Complex Survey Designs, Ekaterina Smirnova, Erjia Cui, Lucia Tabacu, Andrew Leroux

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Increasingly, large, nationally representative health and behavioral surveys conducted under a multistage stratified sampling scheme collect high dimensional data with correlation structured along some domain (eg, wearable sensor data measured continuously and correlated over time, imaging data with spatiotemporal correlation) with the goal of associating these data with health outcomes. Analysis of this sort requires novel methodologic work at the intersection of survey statistics and functional data analysis. Here, we address this crucial gap in the literature by proposing an estimation and inferential framework for generalizable scalar-on-function regression models for data collected under a complex survey design. We propose to: …

The Prevalence Of Cardiac Risk Factors In College-Aged Students, Katelyn Butczynski, Brianna Fox, Kristen Mccloskey, Katrina Redline

Student Research Poster Presentations 2024

Background: The impact of Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is typically associated with adulthood. However, its roots can be traced back to childhood. The transition from high school to college includes many lifestyle and environmental changes, which can lead to the creation of new lifelong habits. The college experience can contribute to the development of CVD risk factors with these new lifestyle changes. These risk factors lead to the development of CVD in adulthood.

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of CVD in college-aged students and identify their risk for developing CVD in adulthood.

Methods: The study was a …

Physical Activity Policy, Systems, And Environment Change Through Extension Snap-Ed: A Multistate Perspective, Jessica Stroope, M. Renée Umstattd Meyer, Kerry Gabbert, Deborah H. John, Debra Kellstedt, Kathryn M. Orzech, Marilyn E. Wende

Faculty Publications

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) provides nutrition education and support for healthy living in SNAP-qualifying communities. SNAP-Ed supports policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) efforts to make the healthy choice an easier choice. SNAP-Ed implementers have widely adopted healthy eating PSE supports. However, physical activity (PA) PSE strategies are less common, with limited awareness between states of how other SNAP-Ed implementers approach PA-focused PSE work. Physical Activity Policy, Research, and Evaluation Network (PAPREN) Rural Active Living Workgroup project members sought to explore how Extension-based SNAP-Ed implements PA-focused PSE approaches. A sample of Extension-based SNAP-Ed program (n = 8) leaders were …

The Influence Of Habitual Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior On Objective And Subjective Hot Flashes At Midlife, Sarah Witkowski, Quinn White, Sofiya Shreyer, Daniel E. Brown, Lynette Leidy Sievert

Exercise and Sport Studies: Faculty Publications

The years surrounding the transition to menopause are marked by multiple challenges to health. Hot flashes are a commonly reported symptom of women at this time and their frequency has been associated with disease risk. Regular physical activity and reduced sedentary time are recommended for health and wellbeing. However, the effect of physical activity and sedentary behavior on hot flashes remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate relationships between physical activity, sedentary time and hot flashes during both waking and sleeping periods using concurrent objective and subjective measures of hot flashes in midlife women. METHODS: Women …

Equestrian Activities And Health Outcomes: A Multidimensional Analysis Of Physical Activity, Injury Patterns, And Occupational Concerns, Michaela Keener

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Over 6 million participate in equestrian activities each year. However, research focusing on the benefits and risks around equestrian activities is limited to epidemiological research and small sample sizes. Equestrian participation ranges from recreational to occupational, and little research has evaluated how the risks of participation change based on the level of participation. Special consideration needs to be given to the occupational equestrians as equestrian participation is their livelihood. The first two aims of this study were to evaluate the physical activity engagement, perceptions of equestrian as a sport, acute injury history, and chronic pain frequency of equestrians across all …

The Role Of Social Determinants Of Health On Patient Recovery After Critical Illness, Lindsey E. Fresenko

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Patients who survive critical illness have a prolonged recovery which impacts their quality of life and outcomes. The sudden life changes from being critically ill may create or exacerbate social factors or needs also known as social determinants of health. Patients’ SDOH are defined as the environments in which we live, work and play that impact health outcomes. Patients’ SDOH impact their life in early recovery from changes in previous roles to their need for increased financial, physical and emotional support. During this early recovery, patients are often recommended to participate in rehabilitation to improve their physical function. Although, accessing …

Effect Of A Pragmatic Lifestyle Modification Intervention On Physical Activity Levels And Body Mass Index Among Obese And Overweight Adolescents In Udupi, India: A Cluster Randomized Trial, Prateek Srivastav, K. Vaishali, H. Vinod Bhat, Suzanne Broadbent

Open Access archive

Background: Determine the effects of a multifactorial lifestyle intervention on physical activity (PA), BMI and health-related quality of life (QoL) in obese and overweight adolescents. Methods: Nine schools in India were clustered randomly in a 12-month study with students allocated to a multifactorial intervention (MFI), or exercise only (EX) or control (CON) group. Participants were adolescents aged 11-16 years (n=671). In the MFI group, adolescents and their parents received lifestyle education using a validated booklet combined with a PA intervention for school students. The EX group received school-based PA only; the CON group continued regular activities. Primary outcomes were PA …

The Impact Of Different Forms Of Physical Activity On An Athlete's Memory., Hannah Lebeck

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Memory is an integral part of human life, needed for all aspects of daily living, especially for college students. Previous research has shown a plethora of benefits to several systems of the body for those who participate in chronic aerobic activity. This research has shown chronic aerobic physical activity to provide an enhanced memory through numerous physiological adaptations. Studies on chronic anaerobic activity and its effect on the brain are minimal, demanding more research be done. PURPOSE: Determine the effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on memory and cognitive function in different classifications of collegiate athletes. METHODS: Study to consist …

Sustainability Via Active Garden Education (Sage): The Process Of Incorporating Watering Into Structured Preschool Curriculum, Rebecca E Lee, Anel Arriola, Elizabeth Lorenzo, Erica G Soltero, Jacob Szeszuski

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

School gardens provide rich outdoor learning opportunities for young children. Practical considerations about garden maintenance, in particular, watering, can impeed success. This manuscript chronicles the development of garden maintenance strategies in Sustainability via Active Garden Education (SAGE). SAGE installed raised-bed gardens and provided a complete curriculum focused on increasing children's active time and improving healthy eating habits while fostering garden stewardship. SAGE was implemented by trained research personnel in four early care and education (ECE) facilities in Houston, Texas (SAGE 1, Summer, 2013), one ECE facility in Phoenix, Arizona (SAGE 2, Spring, 2017), and 24 ECE facilities in Phoenix, Arizona …

Impact Of Physical Activity And Body Size On Serum Level Of Anti-Müllerian Hormone In Women In Babylon Province, Murtadha D. Mohsin, Ban J. Edan

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein produced by granulosa cells and has gained recognition as the most dependable serum biomarker for assessing ovarian reserve. AMH levels serve as an indicator of the quantity of primordial follicles and their likely response to external gonadotropins. Obesity may impact female fertility through direct harm to oocyte health and differentiation or by indirectly interfering with the pituitary-hypothalamic axis, leading to dysfunctional oogenesis.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the role of physical activity and body size on serum AMH levels in women.

Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on …

Health Behaviors Predicting Risk Of Obesity In Us Adults: What Does A Healthy Lifestyle Look Like?, Jacqueline Vernarelli, Jessica R. Kiel, Christopher D. Coleman, Satya S. Jonnalagadda

Public Health Faculty Publications

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between lifestyle factors and body weight in a nationally representative sample of US adults and to evaluate the association between a novel “Healthy Habits Composite Score (HHCS)” and risk of obesity.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included data from 4870 adults who participated in the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The HHCS was developed based on 4 factors: diet, physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep, all of which were measured during the NHANES. A “healthy lifestyle” was defined as meeting ≥3 of the 4 established criteria. Data …

Effects Of Exergaming On Health And Fitness Outcomes For Students With Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis, Jordan Mauch

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

While research on VR gaming and Exergaming is in its infancy, both are interventions that have demonstrated positive results such as promoting physical activity participation and positive attitudes towards physical activity in children and adolescents. Exergaming has also been shown to be effective in increasing physical activity in children, and children with disabilities may find exergaming to be an enjoyable alternative to traditional physical activity due to increased accessibility and the focus on both gross and fine motor skills. In studies of VR and/or exergaming with participants with cerebral palsy and autism spectrum disorder, researchers reported increases in motor function …

Evaluating The Effects Of Self-Monitoring On Physical Activity Within A Health Coaching Package, Morgan E. Valois

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The World Health Organization recommends that adults engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every week. Engaging in physical activity improves long-term health, unfortunately, half of the adults in the United States do not meet the recommended levels. Health coaching is a patient-oriented approach to deliver behavior change interventions that has been shown to increase physical activity and improve health outcomes. Self-monitoring is a component of health coaching, and is a behavior change technique that has been identified as an integral component of health interventions that resulted in improved health outcomes. However, the specific effects …

Examining Potential Causal Associations Of Sedentary Time And Physical Activity With Heart Failure Using Subjective And Objective Measures: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Jessica Geller

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the causal relationship between both subjectively and objectively measured sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA) with heart failure (HF) risk, utilizing Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: The present MR used genetic instruments identified for self-reported ST and PA extracted from 51 genome wide association studies (GWAS), encompassing data from 703,901 individuals. The GWAS identified 89 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with leisure screen time. Eleven loci were reported to be associated with moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). From another GWAS examining accelerometer-based activities, three loci were found to …

Associations Between Parenting Factors, Self-Efficacy, And Physical Activity Levels In Overweight African American Adolescents, Noelle Mink

Senior Theses

While there is extensive research on physical activity (PA) and the role it plays in preventing obesity, African American populations remain understudied despite reporting lower levels of PA compared to White Americans. Particularly, PA in adolescence has several indications for the development of healthy adult lifestyles. Additionally, there is limited data on the relationship between parenting factors and adolescent PA in overweight African American adolescents, despite theories that suggest that authoritative parenting factors, such as demandingness (e.g., control, monitoring) and responsiveness (e.g., warmth), can influence adolescent behaviors, including their motivation and self-efficacy for engaging in PA. Confidence in one’s ability …

Teachers' Perception On Physical Activity Promotion In Kindergarten Children In China: A Qualitative Study Connecting Social Ecological Model, Yahan Liang, Fangyuan Ju, Yueran Hao, Jia Yang, Yang Liu

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Background

Globally, the majority of kindergarten-aged children face obesity issues and insufficient physical activity (PA) engagement. Regular PA participation can provide various health benefits, including obesity reduction, for kindergarten-aged children. However, limited studies have investigated the factors influencing kindergarten-aged children's PA engagement from the perspective of their teachers. This qualitative study aimed to identify factors that could help promote PA among kindergarten-aged children from teachers' perspectives, including facilitators, barriers, and teachers' recommendations.

Methods

Fifteen kindergarten teachers (age range: 28-50 years; mean age: 38.53 years) with teaching experience ranging from 2 to 31 years (mean: 16.27 years) were recruited from Shanghai …

Planning And Pedagogical Considerations For Teaching Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder In Physical Education, Andrew Sortwell

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Around the world, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition. It is linked to a wide range of deficiencies across multiple domains, including restrictive and repetitive behaviors that impair interaction or engagement with others. School-aged children with ASD face challenges that make physical activity more difficult. To address challenges associated with ASD, physical education interventions need to be tailored to the child’s needs and abilities. Despite advances in research on children with ASD in physical education, adopting contemporary approaches is yet to be the norm. This review aimed to examine the literature on intervention models to improve the …

Effectiveness Of An Inclusive, Small-Group Adapted Aquatics Program On Increasing Vo2max In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Peggy Manuelita Scarborough

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

There is a need to examine the effectiveness of interventions, such as swimming, that are aimed at increasing physical health and developing psychomotor skills in an inclusive setting for children with ASD. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an inclusive, small-group adapted aquatics program on increasing VO₂max in children with ASD. Participants included two 11-year-old children diagnosed with ASD. The study took place over eight weeks and included a six-week Small-Group Adapted Aquatics (SGAA) program. Participants were assessed for VO₂max using the 20m PACER test during week one and week eight …

Associations Of Childhood Physical Activity And Screen Time With Cardiometabolic Health In Preteens Who Were Born To Mothers With Previous Macrosomic Delivery: Findings From The Rolo Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study, Sophie Callanan, Sarah Louise Killeen, Anna Delahunt, Eileen C. O'Brien, Aisling A. Geraghty, Rosemary Cushion, Amy Gainfort, Rachel K. Crowley, Patrick J. Twomey, Ciara M. Mcdonnell, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe

Articles

Background: Macrosomia (birthweight ≥4 kg) may alter the associations of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) throughout childhood with later cardiometabolic risk. Objective: To investigate associations of PA and ST over a 4–6-year follow-up period with cardiometabolic outcomes in preteens (9–11-year-olds) who were born to mothers with previous macrosomic delivery. Methods: This is an analysis of 402 preteens from the ROLO study, who were born to mothers that previously delivered an infant with macrosomia. Parental-reported measures of PA and ST were obtained in early childhood at 5-years of age. Preteen self-reported PA, parental-reported ST, anthropometry, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, blood …