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Articles 181 - 210 of 2515
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Influence Of Bottom Topography On Large-Scale Decadal Basin Modes, Dhouha Ferjani, Thierry Huck, Alain Colin De Verdière
Influence Of Bottom Topography On Large-Scale Decadal Basin Modes, Dhouha Ferjani, Thierry Huck, Alain Colin De Verdière
Journal of Marine Research
The influence of bottom topography on the generic properties of the baroclinic basin modes is investigated through linear stability analysis of a two-layer shallow water ocean model. Various idealized bottom profiles imitating a mid-ocean ridge and continental slopes are analyzed in an extratropical β-plane closed basin. Only large-scale features are examined, the eddy effects being parametrized as turbulent eddy viscosity that allows the selection of large-scale eigenmodes. At coarse resolution, the largest-scale lowest-frequency baroclinic modes appear as the least damped modes. For scales much larger than the internal deformation radius, the damping rate is relatively independent of dissipation, the mode …
Significant Internal Waves And Internal Tides Measured Northeast Of Taiwan, Timothy F. Duda, Arthur E. Newhall, Glen Gawarkiewicz, Michael J. Caruso, Hans C. Graber, Yiing Jang Yang, Sen Jan
Significant Internal Waves And Internal Tides Measured Northeast Of Taiwan, Timothy F. Duda, Arthur E. Newhall, Glen Gawarkiewicz, Michael J. Caruso, Hans C. Graber, Yiing Jang Yang, Sen Jan
Journal of Marine Research
Internal gravity waves in an area northeast of Taiwan are characterized using data from multiple sensor types. The data set includes intermittent information collected from a ship and short time series from moorings. Modeled nonlinear waves are fitted to observed nonlinear waves to provide self-consistent estimates of multiple wave parameters. A nonlinear internal wave of over 50 m amplitude, observed in deep water, is examined in detail. This wave was moving northward from the southern Okinawa Trough toward the continental shelf, and presumably formed from internal tides propagating northward from the Ilan Ridge area. A possible scenario for the formation …
Corrigendum To “Nutrient Supply In The Southern East China Sea After Typhoon Morakot", Chin-Chang Hung, Chih-Ching Chung, Gwo-Ching Gong, Sen Jan, Yaling Tsai, Kuo-Shu Chen, Wen Chen Chou, Ming-An Lee, Yi Chang, Meng-Hsien Chen, Wen-Rong Yang, Chiung-Jung Tseng, Glen Gawarkiewicz
Corrigendum To “Nutrient Supply In The Southern East China Sea After Typhoon Morakot", Chin-Chang Hung, Chih-Ching Chung, Gwo-Ching Gong, Sen Jan, Yaling Tsai, Kuo-Shu Chen, Wen Chen Chou, Ming-An Lee, Yi Chang, Meng-Hsien Chen, Wen-Rong Yang, Chiung-Jung Tseng, Glen Gawarkiewicz
Journal of Marine Research
The authors regret that some errors occurred in the Figure 6 published with incorrect data in our recent article (Hung et al. 2013: 145). The corrected data are presented in the revised Figure 6 below. The conclusions drawn in the original article are still supported by the revised results, though some estimates have been corrected.
Foam Triangles, S. A. Thorpe
Foam Triangles, S. A. Thorpe
Journal of Marine Research
Foam patches left by waves breaking as they approach a smooth and gently sloping beach from a near-normal direction sometimes have the distinctly triangular shape that has been studied by Turner and Turner (2011). Explanations of the size of the angle at the apex of the triangles observed by Turner and Turner are suggested in terms of physical processes that determine the speed at which the point of breaking travels along a wave crest. These explanations differ from the entrainment model proposed by Turner and Turner (2011). The range of sizes of the apex angles can most likely be explained …
Instability Of An Idealized Tidal Mixing Front: Symmetric Instabilities And Frictional Effects, K. H. Brink, Deepak A. Cherian
Instability Of An Idealized Tidal Mixing Front: Symmetric Instabilities And Frictional Effects, K. H. Brink, Deepak A. Cherian
Journal of Marine Research
Finite amplitude instability of an idealized tidal mixing front is considered for cases where there is an active symmetric instability during the early stages of evolution. This can happen either when the initial front is sharp, or when a bottom stress leads to a well-mixed bottom boundary layer under the front. In either case, there is an initial phase, several days long, of slantwise convection, after which a much more energetic and spatially distributed baroclinic or barotropic instability dominates. The presence of an initial symmetrically unstable phase has no obvious effect on the subsequent eddy evolution. Bottom friction does lead …
Recycling And Burial Of Phosphorus In Sediments Of An Anoxic Fjord—The By Fjord, Western Sweden, Lena Viktorsson, Mikhail Kononets, Per Roos, Per O. J. Hall
Recycling And Burial Of Phosphorus In Sediments Of An Anoxic Fjord—The By Fjord, Western Sweden, Lena Viktorsson, Mikhail Kononets, Per Roos, Per O. J. Hall
Journal of Marine Research
Recycling and burial of sediment phosphorus were studied in the By Fjord, western Sweden, during the years 2009 to 2010 using autonomous benthic landers and sediment sampling. The By Fjord is a small fjord with a shallow sill at its narrow mouth, which limits water exchange of the fjord's basin water. The water in the basin is exchanged only every 3 to 5 years and the water below sill level is anoxic or sulfidic between water renewals. Five sites were examined in the By Fjord; three shallow sites above the sill level with oxic bottom waters and two deeper sites …
Seasonal, 2-D Sedimentary Extracellular Enzyme Activities And Controlling Processes In Great Peconic Bay, Long Island, Zhenrui Cao, Qingzhi Zhu, Robert C. Aller, Josephine Y. Aller, Stuart Waugh
Seasonal, 2-D Sedimentary Extracellular Enzyme Activities And Controlling Processes In Great Peconic Bay, Long Island, Zhenrui Cao, Qingzhi Zhu, Robert C. Aller, Josephine Y. Aller, Stuart Waugh
Journal of Marine Research
Extracellular enzymes (EE) initiate heterotrophic remineralization by hydrolyzing high-molecularweight organic matter to substrates that are sufficiently small (approximately 600 Da) to be transported across cell membranes. An accurate understanding of EE associated remineralization processes in sedimentary deposits requires measuring patterns of extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) with minimal disturbance of natural sediment structure. In this study, two-dimensional patterns of extracellular enzyme (leucine aminopeptidase) activity in shallow-water, marine sediments from Great Peconic Bay, Long Island, New York were examined seasonally at sub-millimeter resolution by using a newly developed EE planar fluorosensor. Comparisons of spatially averaged, vertical enzyme activity profiles measured using this …
Influence Of Larval Behavior On Transport And Population Connectivity In A Realistic Simulation Of The California Current System, Patrick T. Drake, Christopher A. Edwards, Steven G. Morgan, Edward P. Dever
Influence Of Larval Behavior On Transport And Population Connectivity In A Realistic Simulation Of The California Current System, Patrick T. Drake, Christopher A. Edwards, Steven G. Morgan, Edward P. Dever
Journal of Marine Research
Using an implementation of the Region Ocean Modeling System, we investigate the influence of larval vertical swimming on spring dispersal for nearshore invertebrate species in the California Current System (CCS), with a focus on central California and the Bodega Bay area. Larvae are given a suite of idealized behaviors designed to reveal the importance of the surface boundary layer (SBL) to transport and settlement. Larvae remain near 5 m, 30 m, or transition between these depths using various strategies, including diel vertical migration (DVM) and ontogenetic vertical migration. Some behaviors result in modeled densities qualitatively similar to observed cross-shelf larval …
Antimicrobial Resistance To 14 Antimicrobials In Marine Coastal Waters Around Northern Ireland: Use Of The Novel Relative Resistance Index As A Marker Of Ecological Status, Peter J. A. Moore, Juluri R. Rao, B. Cherie Millar, Colin E. Goldsmith, Wilson A. Coulter, John E. Moore
Antimicrobial Resistance To 14 Antimicrobials In Marine Coastal Waters Around Northern Ireland: Use Of The Novel Relative Resistance Index As A Marker Of Ecological Status, Peter J. A. Moore, Juluri R. Rao, B. Cherie Millar, Colin E. Goldsmith, Wilson A. Coulter, John E. Moore
Journal of Marine Research
Relatively little work has been published on the incidence of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in the marine microbiological environment, which is of importance to animal (fish, mammals, birds) health, zoonotic transmission, distribution of ABR bacteria with oceanic drift, and ultimately human health. A study was performed to determine the diversity of total ABR (intrinsic and acquired resistance) in marine bacteria in shallow coastal waters surrounding Northern Ireland through the use of a novel Relative Resistance Index (RRI) as a surrogate marker for ecological change, particularly in comparing marine water in commercial versus non-commercial sites. Total antibiotic resistance was observed to varying …
Circulation And Cross-Shelf Transport In The Florida Big Bend, Austin C. Todd, Steven L. Morey, Eric P. Chassignet
Circulation And Cross-Shelf Transport In The Florida Big Bend, Austin C. Todd, Steven L. Morey, Eric P. Chassignet
Journal of Marine Research
The Florida Big Bend region in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico contains both spawning sites and nursery habitats for a variety of economically valuable marine species. One species, the gag grouper (Mycteroperca microlepis), relies on the shelf circulation to distribute larvae from shelf-break spawning grounds to coastal sea-grass nurseries each spring. Therefore, identifying the dominant circulation features and physical mechanisms that contribute to cross-shelf transport during the springtime is a necessary step in understanding the variation of the abundance of this reef fish. The mean circulation features and onshore transport pathways are investigated using a numerical ocean model …
Eddy Induced Kuroshio Intrusions Onto The Continental Shelf Of The East China Sea, Pedro Vélez-Belchí, Luca R. Centurioni, Dong-Kyu Lee, Sen Jan, Pearn P. Niiler
Eddy Induced Kuroshio Intrusions Onto The Continental Shelf Of The East China Sea, Pedro Vélez-Belchí, Luca R. Centurioni, Dong-Kyu Lee, Sen Jan, Pearn P. Niiler
Journal of Marine Research
The Kuroshio is known to intrude onto the continental shelf in the southern East China Sea (ECS) northeast of Taiwan. Two types of intrusions are observed: large and small, depending on how far the Kuroshio penetrates onto the ECS continental shelf, and on the location where it crosses the shelf break. This study demonstrates that cyclonic eddies from the western Pacific induce some of these large Kuroshio intrusions. The large intrusions are identified from more than 20 years of drifter tracks archived in the Global Drifter Program historical database and from weekly and biweekly drifter deployments carried out between April …
Numerical Study Of Cold Dome Variability Induced By Typhoon Morakot (2009) Off Northeastern Taiwan, Yaling Tsai, Ching-Sheng Chern, Sen Jan, Joe Wang
Numerical Study Of Cold Dome Variability Induced By Typhoon Morakot (2009) Off Northeastern Taiwan, Yaling Tsai, Ching-Sheng Chern, Sen Jan, Joe Wang
Journal of Marine Research
The ocean response to the passage of Typhoon Morakot (2009) near the continental shelf of the East China Sea off northeastern Taiwan was evaluated using a numerical ocean model to clarify how the permanent upwelling feature in this region was changed during this storm event. Several studies have identified the presence of the Kuroshio subsurface water in this Cold Dome region, which results from the interactions among the monsoon, the Kuroshio and the shelf topography. This study shows how tropical cyclone Morakot's passage quickly disturbed the circulation around Taiwan and induced a short-period intrusion of the Kuroshio water onto the …
An Experimental Testbed For Multi-Robot Tracking Of Manifolds And Coherent Structures In Flows, Matthew Michini, Kenneth Mallory, Dennis Larkin, M. Ani Hsieh, Eric Forgoston, Philip A. Yecko
An Experimental Testbed For Multi-Robot Tracking Of Manifolds And Coherent Structures In Flows, Matthew Michini, Kenneth Mallory, Dennis Larkin, M. Ani Hsieh, Eric Forgoston, Philip A. Yecko
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
In this paper, we describe the development of an experimental testbed capable of producing controllable ocean-like flows in a laboratory setting. The objective is to develop a testbed to evaluate multi-robot strategies for tracking manifolds and Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) in the ocean. Recent theoretical results have shown that LCS coincide with minimum energy and minimum time optimal paths for autonomous vehicles in the ocean. Furthermore, knowledge of these structures enables the prediction and estimation of the underlying fluid dynamics. The testbed is a scaled flow tank capable of generating complex and controlled quasi-2D flow fields that exhibit wind-driven doublegyre …
Spatial Distribution Of Alitta Virens And Clymenella Torquata With Respect To Rigid Boundaries In Mud And Sand, Kevin T. Du Clos, Sara M. Lindsay, Peter A. Jumars
Spatial Distribution Of Alitta Virens And Clymenella Torquata With Respect To Rigid Boundaries In Mud And Sand, Kevin T. Du Clos, Sara M. Lindsay, Peter A. Jumars
Journal of Marine Research
Recent advances in understanding of sediment material properties and of burrowing mechanics suggest likely differences in the behavior of organisms burrowing in mud and sand. The path of least resistance in the mud may lead an infaunal organism to burrow along a rigid wall. By contrast, in sand, force chains may prevent a burrowing organism from reaching a rigid wall. Burrowing in mud occurs primarily by the propagation of cracks. Cracks, and hence burrows, tend to propagate along rigid walls. In sand, force chains comprise collections of particles that experience much more stress than their neighbors. Stress chains tend to …
Instability Of A Tidal Mixing Front In The Presence Of Realistic Tides And Mixing, K. H. Brink
Instability Of A Tidal Mixing Front In The Presence Of Realistic Tides And Mixing, K. H. Brink
Journal of Marine Research
Instability and lateral eddy fluxes associated with a tidal mixing front are studied using idealized primitive equation numerical model runs. The front itself develops as a result of turbulence associated with imposed tidal currents over a sloping bottom. Thus, the model includes realistic levels of turbulence and time-dependence in the base-state conditions. In all of the 21 configurations considered, the front is unstable to fluctuations that usually draw energy primarily from the potential energy pool. Scalings are developed to parameterize a) the location of the tidal mixing front; b) the eddy kinetic energy; and c) the lateral eddy coefficients. In …
Nutrient Supply In The Southern East China Sea After Typhoon Morakot, Chin-Chang Hung, Chih-Ching Chung, Gwo-Ching Gong, Sen Jan, Yaling Tsai, Kuo-Shu Chen, Wen Chen Chou, Ming-An Lee, Yi Chang, Meng-Hsien Chen, Wen-Rong Yang, Chiung-Jung Tseng, Glen Gawarkiewicz
Nutrient Supply In The Southern East China Sea After Typhoon Morakot, Chin-Chang Hung, Chih-Ching Chung, Gwo-Ching Gong, Sen Jan, Yaling Tsai, Kuo-Shu Chen, Wen Chen Chou, Ming-An Lee, Yi Chang, Meng-Hsien Chen, Wen-Rong Yang, Chiung-Jung Tseng, Glen Gawarkiewicz
Journal of Marine Research
Recent studies show that typhoons have profound effects on phytoplankton assemblages along their tracks, but it is difficult to quantitatively estimate nutrient supply after a typhoon's passage due to a lack of nutrient information before and after the arrival of a typhoon. During the passage of Typhoon Morakot (July 22 to Aug. 26, 2009), we conducted pre- and post-typhoon field cruises to study nutrient supply in the Southern East China Sea (SECS). The results showed nitrate and phosphate supplies to the water column in the SECS after the typhoon's passage were 5.6 × 1011 g-N/day and 7.8 × 10 …
How Will Ocean Acidification Affect Marine Photosynthetic Organisms? A Review, Michael Jarrold
How Will Ocean Acidification Affect Marine Photosynthetic Organisms? A Review, Michael Jarrold
The Plymouth Student Scientist
Atmospheric carbon dioxide is increasing year on year, mainly as a result of burning fossil fuels. Although carbon dioxide dissolves in the oceans, mitigating atmospheric effects, it does result in a reduction of the alkalinity of sea water; an effect termed Ocean Acidification (OA). The subsequent changes in carbon chemistry will most likely affect marine photosynthetic organisms in a number of ways; including the ability of organisms to build calcium carbonate shells or skeletons (calcification) and primary production. Previous work indicates that both processes respond to OA, but not always in the same way. Consequently the aim of this review …
The Law Applicable On The Continental Shelf And In The Exclusive Economic Zone, Moira Mcconnell
The Law Applicable On The Continental Shelf And In The Exclusive Economic Zone, Moira Mcconnell
Research Papers, Working Papers, Conference Papers
As an initial observation I note that this topic presents a challenge for comparative law scholars As one scholar suggested in correspondence about the questionnaire for this Session the topic is arguably simply a question of implementation of public international law rather than domestic and comparative law as such This view points to a problem of disciplinary boundaries and the potential overlap between comparative law and international law and the emerging regional law scholarship I mention this at the beginning of my General Report because that tension is apparent in both the National Reports and the questionnaire prepared for this …
Save Our Sharks: Using International Fisheries Law Within Regional Fisheries Management Organizations To Improve Shark Conservation, Stijn Van Osch
Save Our Sharks: Using International Fisheries Law Within Regional Fisheries Management Organizations To Improve Shark Conservation, Stijn Van Osch
Michigan Journal of International Law
Like many fish, sharks are facing unprecedented overfishing. They have been targeted both directly for their fins and caught accidentally (bycaught) in, for instance, tuna fisheries. This has led to collapsing stocks around the world. Overfishing has led to what has been termed a mass extinction among ocean species, and sharks are no exception-they are in fact especially vulnerable. As a result, many species of sharks are now listed on the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). This problem can only be tackled through coordinated, cooperative action by all states. This Note explores one avenue …
The Air-Sea Transformation And Residual Overturning Circulation Within The Nordic Seas, Pål Erik Isachsen, Ole Anders Nøst
The Air-Sea Transformation And Residual Overturning Circulation Within The Nordic Seas, Pål Erik Isachsen, Ole Anders Nøst
Journal of Marine Research
The residual diapycnal overturning circulation through interior regions of the Nordic Seas is diagnosed. The mean flow is estimated from Ekman dynamics and from the thermal wind relation with reference level velocities deduced from observations and from simplified theory. Eddy-induced transport is estimated from a GM-type parameterization which includes top and bottom boundary layers. The contributions from the Eulerian mean and eddy-induced transport are then compared to the annual-mean air – sea density transformation over the Nordic Seas. The calculations suggest that the mean flow overturning may explain up to 25% of the observed air – sea transformation in the …
The Impact Of Ambient Stratification On Freshwater Transport In A River Plume, Yan Jia, Alexander Yankovsky
The Impact Of Ambient Stratification On Freshwater Transport In A River Plume, Yan Jia, Alexander Yankovsky
Journal of Marine Research
The influence of ambient stratification on the river plume dynamics is studied using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The shelf flow is thermally stratified and retains a 15-m deep upper mixed layer. A buoyant inflow into the model domain is systematically varied so that both surface-advected and bottom-advected buoyant plumes are formed. The resulting buoyant plumes are compared with the corresponding numerical solutions when the ambient shelf flow is not stratified. Surface-advected plumes spread on top of the thermocline and are not affected by the ambient stratification. Bottom-advected plumes on the other hand interact with the ambient stratification by …
Deep Circulation Within The Argentine Basin, Joseph L. Reid
Deep Circulation Within The Argentine Basin, Joseph L. Reid
Journal of Marine Research
The total transport in the South Atlantic Ocean (Fig. 1) consists of an anticyclonic gyre that reaches from the equator to about 50°S, and south of 40°S two cyclonic turns from the Circumpolar Current and Weddell Sea, west and east of the anticyclonic gyre. This figure has been changed very slightly between 40°S and 50°S from the figure shown in Reid (1994)...
Long-Term Patterns Of An Estuarine Pathogen Along A Salinity Gradient, David Bushek, Susan E. Ford, Iris Burt
Long-Term Patterns Of An Estuarine Pathogen Along A Salinity Gradient, David Bushek, Susan E. Ford, Iris Burt
Journal of Marine Research
Parasitic, disease-causing pathogens can exert strong control over marine populations yet few long-term studies exist that describe these relationships. Understanding the connections to long-term large-scale processes relative to local short-term processes should facilitate better planning for disease impacts in the management of marine resources. We describe a 21-yr dataset of dermo disease (Perkinsus marinus) in eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) in Delaware Bay, USA. Analyses indicated (1) a strong positive association between disease and mortality that was non-linear and defined by thresholds, (2) a clear spatial gradient of increasing disease and mortality with increasing salinity, (3) an …
An Introduction To Ecology Of Infectious Diseases – Oysters And Estuaries, Eileen E. Hofmann, Susan E. Ford
An Introduction To Ecology Of Infectious Diseases – Oysters And Estuaries, Eileen E. Hofmann, Susan E. Ford
Journal of Marine Research
Infectious diseases are recognized as an important factor regulating marine ecosystems (Harvell et al., 1999, 2002, 2004; Porter et al., 2001; McCallum et al., 2004; Ward and Lafferty, 2004; Stewart et al., 2008; Bienfang et al., 2011). Many of the organisms affected by marine diseases have important ecological roles in estuarine and coastal environments and some are also commercially important. Outbreaks of infectious diseases in these environments, referred to as epizootics, can produce significant population declines and extinctions, both of which threaten biodiversity, food web interactions, and ecosystem productivity (Harvell et al., 2002, 2004)...
Can Oysters Crassostrea Virginica Develop Resistance To Dermo Disease In The Field: The Impediment Posed By Climate Cycles, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Ximing Guo, Eileen E. Hofmann, Susan E. Ford, David Bushek
Can Oysters Crassostrea Virginica Develop Resistance To Dermo Disease In The Field: The Impediment Posed By Climate Cycles, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Ximing Guo, Eileen E. Hofmann, Susan E. Ford, David Bushek
Journal of Marine Research
Populations of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, are commonly limited by mortality from dermo disease. Little development of resistance to Perkinsus marinus, the dermo pathogen, has occurred, despite the high mortality rates and frequency of epizootics. Can the tendency of the parasite to exhibit cyclic epizootics limit the oyster's response to the disease despite the presence of alleles apparently conferring disease resistance? We utilize a gene-based population dynamics model to simulate the development of disease resistance in Crassostrea virginica populations exposed to cyclic mortality encompassing periodicities expected of dermo disease over the geographic range at which epizootics have been …
Circulation And Water Properties And Their Relationship To The Oyster Disease Msx In Delaware Bay, Zhiren Wang, Dale B. Haidvogel, David Bushek, Susan E. Ford, Eileen E. Hofmann, Eric N. Powell, John Wilkin
Circulation And Water Properties And Their Relationship To The Oyster Disease Msx In Delaware Bay, Zhiren Wang, Dale B. Haidvogel, David Bushek, Susan E. Ford, Eileen E. Hofmann, Eric N. Powell, John Wilkin
Journal of Marine Research
We apply a high-resolution hydro-dynamical model to investigate the role of physical factors influencing infection prevalence of Haplosporidium nelsoni, causative agent of MSX disease in the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica), in Delaware Bay, USA. Validation studies conducted for the years 2000 and 2010–2011 confirm that the model, based upon the Regional Ocean Modeling System, has significant skill in the recovery of observed water level, temperature, salinity, and velocity. Multi-year simulations are performed for periods representing temporal and spatial variations in H. nelsoni infection prevalence (1974–76, 1979–81, 1984–86, 1990–92, and 2006–09) to assess the degree to which the …
Spatial And Temporal Variability Of Disease Refuges In An Estuary: Implications For The Development Of Resistance, Susan E. Ford, Emily Scarpa, David Bushek
Spatial And Temporal Variability Of Disease Refuges In An Estuary: Implications For The Development Of Resistance, Susan E. Ford, Emily Scarpa, David Bushek
Journal of Marine Research
Although the concept of genetic refuge has long been employed in ecological and paleoecological context, it has only rarely been used to identify regions where organisms are protected from diseases that affect the rest of a population. The refuges harbor individuals that have not been exposed to selective mortality and remain susceptible to the disease. They represent a reservoir of susceptibility alleles that can mix with those from resistant survivors of disease and can retard the development of resistance in the population as a whole. Two water-borne protistan parasites affect oysters along the east coast of the United States: Haplosporidium …
Primary And New Production In The Thermocline Ridge Region Of The Southern Indian Ocean During The Summer Monsoon, Naveen Gandhi, R. Ramesh, S. Prakash, Sharon Noronha, N. Anilkumar
Primary And New Production In The Thermocline Ridge Region Of The Southern Indian Ocean During The Summer Monsoon, Naveen Gandhi, R. Ramesh, S. Prakash, Sharon Noronha, N. Anilkumar
Journal of Marine Research
New and primary production, measured using 15N and 13C tracers, integrated over the euphotic zone (mostly upper 80–100 m) varied from 7.5 to 14.1 mmol N m–2d–1(average 10.8 mmol N m–2d–1) and 2.7 to 17.7 mmol C m–2d–1 (average 11.3 mmol C m–2d–1), respectively, in the tropical India Ocean (TIO). Shoaling of thermocline in the thermocline ridge located in the tropical Indian Ocean (TR) influences new and total productivity by supplying nutrients to the upper layers. At the same time, N-limited conditions prevail …
Geostrophic Ocean Currents And Freshwater Fluxes Across The Canadian Polar Shelf Via Nares Strait, Berit Rabe, Helen L. Johnson, Andreas Münchow, Humfrey Melling
Geostrophic Ocean Currents And Freshwater Fluxes Across The Canadian Polar Shelf Via Nares Strait, Berit Rabe, Helen L. Johnson, Andreas Münchow, Humfrey Melling
Journal of Marine Research
This study discusses geostrophic ocean currents and fluxes through Nares Strait, one of the major straits connecting the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic across the Canadian polar shelf. Between 2003 and 2006, instruments were installed on subsea moorings to measure conductivity, temperature, pressure and velocity at high temporal and spatial resolution across the 400-m-deep strait. Here we present estimates of the variable volume and liquid freshwater fluxes, derived by geostrophic calculation, through the fraction of the cross section measured by the array. The array of conductivity-temperature recorders spanned 30 km of a 38-km-wide section between 30- and 200-m depth. …
Solar Warming Of Near-Bottom Water Over A Fringing Reef, Judith R. Wells, Jonathan P. Fram, Geno Pawlak
Solar Warming Of Near-Bottom Water Over A Fringing Reef, Judith R. Wells, Jonathan P. Fram, Geno Pawlak
Journal of Marine Research
The Kilo Nalu Observatory is located on the foreslope of a fringing reef on the south shore of Oahu, Hawaii. A cabled node at 12-m depth has enabled continuous real-time temperature observations from a thermistor chain extending from 1 to 7 m above bottom. Data from a 27-month deployment in 2007–2009 reveal repeated instances of subsurface temperature inversions. The usual diurnal pattern shows increases in temperature throughout the water column after sunrise, peaking in the early afternoon. Bottom waters typically warm faster than those at mid-depth, driving an inversion in the thermal profile. The onset and evolution of the inversions …