Digital Commons Network^™

Prevention Of Obesity-Related Morbidity & Mortality In Adults, Rachelle Virgin

Masters Theses/Capstone Projects

Poster presentation on the prevention of obesity related morbidity and mortality in adults.

Analysis Of Energy Balance In Obese Healthcare Workers, Nani Cahyani Sudarsono, Ria Lestari, Tiffany Georgine T’Sidkenu Widjaja

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Obesity is a global health challenge that seriously affects developing countries, including Indonesia. It is important to discover the energy balance calculated from energy intake and energy expenditure in obese individuals, especially in obese healthcare workers. This study aimed to analyze the balance of energy intake and expenditure, body composition, and physical activity level in obese healthcare workers at the Exercise Center of Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI FKUI). A cross-sectional study was held at Exercise Center IMERI FKUI. Total sampling was the sampling method utilized in the study. Study participants (aged above 18 years) were screened by …

The Impact Of Nutrition On The Mental And Physical Health Of Young Adults, Dareena El-Far

WRIT: Journal of First-Year Writing

Upon close examination by nutritional professionals, concern has arisen regarding the typical contents of a young adult diet. In terms of the rate at which young adults choose to consume nutritionally-dense food items, the rate at which nutrition-deficient junk food items are chosen over the former is significantly higher. Among further examinations of this issue by researchers, it has become evident that the nutritional decisions made by young adults are increasingly associated with several social, commercial, mental, educational, and economic influences. As a consequence of these factors, research has uncovered a connection between the consumption of a poor diet and …

The Melanocortin Action Is Biased Toward Protection From Weight Loss In Mice, Hongli Li, Yuanzhong Xu, Yanyan Jiang, Zhiying Jiang, Joshua Otiz-Guzman, Jessie C Morrill, Jing Cai, Zhengmei Mao, Yong Xu, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Cheng Huang, Qingchun Tong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The melanocortin action is well perceived for its ability to regulate body weight bidirectionally with its gain of function reducing body weight and loss of function promoting obesity. However, this notion cannot explain the difficulty in identifying effective therapeutics toward treating general obesity via activation of the melanocortin action. Here, we provide evidence that altered melanocortin action is only able to cause one-directional obesity development. We demonstrate that chronic inhibition of arcuate neurons expressing proopiomelanocortin (POMC) or paraventricular hypothalamic neurons expressing melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) causes massive obesity. However, chronic activation of these neuronal populations failed to reduce body weight. …

Neurocomputational Mechanisms Of Food And Physical Activity Decision-Making In Male Adolescents., Seung-Lark Lim, Amanda S. Bruce, Robin P. Shook

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

We examined the neurocomputational mechanisms in which male adolescents make food and physical activity decisions and how those processes are influenced by body weight and physical activity levels. After physical activity and dietary assessments, thirty-eight males ages 14-18 completed the behavioral rating and fMRI decision tasks for food and physical activity items. The food and physical activity self-control decisions were significantly correlated with each other. In both, taste- or enjoyment-oriented processes were negatively associated with successful self-control decisions, while health-oriented processes were positively associated. The correlation between taste/enjoyment and healthy attribute ratings predicted actual laboratory food intake and physical activities …

Sleep-Wake Patterns Are Altered With Age, Prdm13 Signaling In The Dmh, And Diet Restriction In Mice, Shogo Tsuji, Cynthia S Brace, Nicholas Rensing, Michael Wong, Shin-Ichiro Imai, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Old animals display significant alterations in sleep-wake patterns such as increases in sleep fragmentation and sleep propensity. Here, we demonstrated that PR-domain containing protein 13 (Prdm13)+ neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) are activated during sleep deprivation (SD) in young mice but not in old mice. Chemogenetic inhibition of Prdm13+ neurons in the DMH in young mice promotes increase in sleep attempts during SD, suggesting its involvement in sleep control. Furthermore, DMH-specific

Identification Of A Gabaergic Neural Circuit Governing Leptin Signaling Deficiency-Induced Obesity, Yong Han, Yang He, Lauren Harris, Yong Xu, Qi Wu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The hormone leptin is known to robustly suppress food intake by acting upon the leptin receptor (LepR) signaling system residing within the agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons of the hypothalamus. However, clinical studies indicate that leptin is undesirable as a therapeutic regiment for obesity, which is at least partly attributed to the poorly understood complex secondary structure and key signaling mechanism of the leptin-responsive neural circuit. Here, we show that the LepR-expressing portal neurons send GABAergic projections to a cohort of α3-GABAA receptor expressing neurons within the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) for the control of leptin-mediated obesity phenotype. We identified the …

Cardiovascular Risk Of Metabolically Healthy Obesity In Two European Populations: Prevention Potential From A Metabolomic Study, Dongmei Wei, Vannina González Marrachelli, Jesus D. Melgarejo, Chia-Te Liao, Angie Hu, Stefan Janssens, Peter Verhamme, Lucas Van Aelst, Thomas Vanassche, Josep Redon

School of Medicine Publications

Background

A new definition of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) has recently been proposed to stratify the heterogeneous mortality risk of obesity. Metabolomic profiling provides clues to metabolic alterations beyond clinical definition. We aimed to evaluate the association between MHO and cardiovascular events and assess its metabolomic pattern.

Methods

This prospective study included Europeans from two population-based studies, the FLEMENGHO and the Hortega study. A total of 2339 participants with follow-up were analyzed, including 2218 with metabolomic profiling. Metabolic health was developed from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the UK biobank cohorts and defined as systolic blood …

The Effects Of Unsupervised Bodyweight Interval Training In Adults With Obesity, Gabriella Bellissimo, Fabiano Amorim, Christine Mermier, Ann Gibson, Len Kravitz, Jonathan Little, Flávio De Castro Magalhães, Zachary A. Mang, Quint Berkemeier, Alyssa Bailly, Jonathan Specht, Jessica Smith, Matthew J. Stork, Shandy Simpson, Natalie Robson, Jeremy Ducharme, Kelsey C. Bourbeau, Yu Yu Hsiao

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Objective: Bodyweight interval training (BW-IT) using a social media platform may appeal to those who do not wish to exercise in public or do not have access to specialized exercise equipment. We investigated the ability of a 6-week BW-IT program to improve cardiovascular and metabolic markers. Methods: Fourteen adults (30.7 ± 10.3 yrs.) with obesity (body mass index 35.5 ± 5.4 kg/m²) participated. Bi-weekly program progression was applied by increasing the duration of the work intervals to 60s with 60s active recovery. Peak oxygen consumption (V̇O₂peak), isometric muscular strength, body composition, blood pressure (BP), and metabolic …

The Junk Food Problem: Why The Law Allows Advertising To Kids And How To Implement Change, Makenna Hardy, Madison Maloney

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

Rapid technological advancements have increased the methods in which advertisers can reach the public, specifically children. As obesity rates increase among America’s youth, more stringent advertising laws barring junk food exposure have been advocated for. Since the Supreme Court has determined commercial free speech as deserving full First Amendment coverage, the rights of advertisers frequently inhibit productive methods of protecting children from junk food advertisements. This article examines the current standards safeguarding both children and advertisers and the feasibility of restricting advertising to kids within the limitations of commercial speech protections.

Is Adiposity Related To Repeat Measures Of Blood Leukocyte Dna Methylation Across Childhood And Adolescence?, Luke Montrose

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation may influence gene expression and phenotypes, including obesity in childhood. The directionality of this relationship is nevertheless unclear, and some evidence suggests that adiposity modifies the epigenome, rather than the other way around. In this pilot study, we utilize data from the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study to examine whether measures of adiposity in childhood and early adolescence are associated with repeated measures of blood leukocyte DNA methylation at LINE-1 repetitive elements and two genes implicated in growth and adiposity: H19 and HSD11B2. Longitudinal epigenetic data were generated …

Smartphone Prediction Of Skeletal Muscle Mass: Model Development And Validation In Adults, Cassidy Mccarthy, Grant M. Tinsley, Shengping Yang, Brian A. Irving, Michael C. Wong, Jonathan P. Bennett, John A. Shepherd, Steven B. Heymsfield

Faculty Publications

Background: Skeletal muscle is a large and clinically relevant body component that has been difficult and impractical to quantify outside of specialized facilities. Advances in smartphone technology now provide the opportunity to quantify multiple body surface dimensions such as circumferences, lengths, surface areas, and volumes. Objectives: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that anthropometric body measurements acquired with a smartphone application can be used to accurately estimate an adult's level of muscularity. Methods: Appendicular lean mass (ALM) measured by DXA served as the reference for muscularity in a sample of 322 adults. Participants also had digital anthropometric dimensions (circumferences, …

Safety And Tolerability Of Whole Soybean Products: A Dose-Escalating Clinical Trial In Older Adults With Obesity, Candida J. Rebello, Stephen Boué, Ronald J. Levy, Renée Puyau, Robbie A. Beyl, Frank L. Greenway, Mark L. Heiman, Jeffrey N. Keller, Charles F. Reynolds, John P. Kirwan

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Soybean products have nutrients, dietary fiber, and phytoalexins beneficial for cardiovascular and overall health. Despite their high consumption in Asian populations, their safety in Western diets is debated. We conducted a dose-escalating clinical trial of the safety and tolerability of soybean products in eight older adults (70–85 years) with obesity. Whole green soybean pods grown under controlled conditions were processed to flour (WGS) at the United States Department of Agriculture using common cooking techniques such as slicing and heat treatment. WGS incorporated into food products was consumed at 10 g, 20 g, and 30 g/day for one week at each …

Liraglutide Versus Semaglutide: Long Term Weight Loss Management In Obese Individuals, Mckenzie Burke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

Obesity has been a source of complications affecting multiple aspects from a physiological and psychological standpoint which has been steadily growing. There are a multitude of weight loss programs and medications with the idea of sustaining consistent weight loss to include use of the pharmaceuticals discussed within this review. The purpose of this literature review is to compare the efficacy and safety with use of liraglutide versus semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonists) in respect to long term weight loss management while in conjunction to lifestyle modifications within the obese population. Thorough research has been done with the aid of health science …

Exploring Modern Trends And Prevention Strategies For Childhood Obesity: A Comprehensive Literature Review, Anya E. Bogen

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

This literature review seeks to provide an overview of the current research on childhood obesity. The study examines the prevalence and causes of childhood obesity, including genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. The review also discusses the health consequences associated with childhood obesity, such as the increased risk for chronic diseases and psychological and social problems. Additionally, the review explores the effectiveness of interventions designed to prevent childhood obesity, including individual lifestyle modifications, education from health practitioners and school programs, and global, national, and state programs to promote wellness. The literature review concludes that childhood obesity is a complex and multifactorial …

Benchmark: Impact Of Weight Loss Education On Obese Patients, Tabitha A. Moorehead

MSN Capstone Projects

Objective: With an epidemic as severe as obesity, it is paramount that healthcare professionals be aware of the overarching negative effects the disease can contribute to the human body. If constructive dialogue can be achieved between patient and provider without suspicion of bias or judgment, we would potentially experience an elevated willingness of patients to follow treatment steps.

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), worldwide obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. “Most of the world's population live in countries where overweight and obesity kills more people than underweight” (WHO, 2021). “More than 4 in 10 Americans are …

Heart Failure-Type Symptom Score Trajectories In Ckd: Findings From The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (Cric) Study, Carl P Walther, Julia S Benoit, Nisha Bansal, Vijay Nambi, Sankar D Navaneethan, Cric Study Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is impaired by a large burden of symptoms including some that overlap with the symptoms of heart failure (HF). We studied a group of individuals with CKD to understand the patterns and trajectories of HF-type symptoms in this setting.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 3,044 participants in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) without prior diagnosis of HF.

PREDICTORS: Sociodemographics, medical history, medications, vital signs, laboratory values, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic parameters.

OUTCOME: Trajectory over 5.5 years of a HF-type symptom score (modified Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire …

Anti-Obesity And Hypolipidemic Activity Ofpithecellobium Dulceagainst High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity In Experimental Animals, Ksheerasagar Jagadeeshwar, Rajasekhar Reddy Alavala, Rupaka Subhakar Raju, Koteswara Rao Gsn, Shireesha Boyapati, Appini Narayana Rao

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Pithecellobium dulce (PD) (Leguminosae) is conventionally used for many diseases. The objective of this present study intended to assess the anti-obese and hypolipidemic properties of petroleum ether (PEPD), ethyl acetate (EAPD), and methanolic extract (MAPD) of leaves of aerial parts of PD in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and hypolipidemic effect in obese animals. The present investigation, PD at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, was given along with HFD for 40 days. Our findings such as lipid profiles, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, glucose, body weight, food intake, body temperature, atherogenic index, coronary index, weight of …

Long-Term Maternal Metabolic And Cardiovascular Phenotypes After A Pregnancy Complicated By Mild Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Or Obesity, Ashley N Battarbee, Lisa Mele, Mark B Landon, Michael W Varner, Brian M Casey, Uma M Reddy, Ronald J Wapner, Dwight J Rouse, John M Thorp, Edward K Chien, George Saade, Beth A Plunkett, Sean C Blackwell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective:

To evaluate the association of mild gestational diabetes (GDM) and obesity with metabolic and cardiovascular markers 5-10 years after pregnancy.

Study Design:

This was a secondary analysis of 5-10 year follow-up study of a mild GDM treatment trial and concurrent observational cohort of participants ineligible for the trial with abnormal 1-hour glucose challenge test only. Participants with 2-hour glucose tolerance test at follow-up were included. The primary exposures were mild GDM and obesity. The outcomes were insulinogenic index (IGI), 1/HOMA-IR, and cardiovascular markers VEGF, VCAM-1, CD40L, GDF-15, and ST-2. Multivariable linear regression estimated the association of GDM and obesity …

Botulinum Toxin A Use In The Gastrointestinal Tract: A Reappraisal After Three Decades, Wasay A Mohajir, Shruti Khurana, Khushboo Singh, Reubyn William Chong, Manoop S Bhutani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The discovery of botulinum toxin A (BTX)'s therapeutic properties has led to studies evaluating its usefulness in multiple medical disorders. Its use in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has been studied for 30 years. Multiple databases, including PubMed, AccessMedicine, ClinicalKey, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Medline, were used to review research from case series to randomized controlled trials on BTX use in the GI tract. This article reviews the current literature on the efficacy of BTX and the strength of recommendations for or against its use in various disorders, including cricopharyngeal dysphagia, achalasia, nonachalasia motility disorders, gastroparesis, obesity, sphincter of Oddi disorders, …

Total Daily Energy Expenditure Has Declined Over The Past Three Decades Due To Declining Basal Expenditure, Not Reduced Activity Expenditure, John R Speakman, Jasper M A De Jong, Srishti Sinha, Klaas R Westerterp, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N Ainslie, Liam J Anderson, Lenore Arab, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G Bonomi, Pascal Bovet, Soren Brage, Maciej S Buchowski, Nancy F Butte, Stefan G J A Camps, Jamie A Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Peter S W Davies, Lara R Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W Fudge, Melanie Gillingham, Santu Ghosh, Annelies H Goris, Michael Gurven, Lewis G Halsey, Catherine Hambly, Hinke H Haisma, Daniel Hoffman, Sumei Hu, Annemiek M Joosen, Jennifer L Kaplan, Peter Katzmarzyk, William E Kraus, Robert F Kushner, William R Leonard, Marie Löf, Corby K Martin, Eric Matsiko, Anine C Medin, Erwin P Meijer, Marian L Neuhouser, Theresa A Nicklas, Robert M Ojiambo, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L Prentice, Susan B Racette, David A Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M Redman, Susan B Roberts, Michael C Rudolph, Luis B Sardinha, Albertine J Schuit, Analiza M Silva, Eric Stice, Samuel S Urlacher, Giulio Valenti, Ludo M Van Etten, Edgar A Van Mil, Brian M Wood, Jack A Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J Murphy-Alford, Cornelia U Loechl, Anura Kurpad, Amy H Luke, Herman Pontzer, Matthew S Rodeheffer, Jennifer Rood, Dale A Schoeller, William W Wong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Obesity is caused by prolonged positive energy balance1,2. Whether reduced energy expenditure stemming from reduced activity levels contributes, is debated3,4. Here we used the IAEA DLW database on energy expenditure of adults in the USA and Europe (n = 4799) to explore patterns in total (TEE: n=4799), basal (BEE: n = 1432) and physical activity energy expenditure (AEE: n = 1432) over time. In both sexes total energy expenditure (TEE) adjusted for body composition and age declined with time, while adjusted AEE increased over time. In males adjusted BEE decreased significantly, but …

High Sucrose Consumption Decouples Intrinsic And Synaptic Excitability Of Agrp Neurons Without Altering Body Weight., Austin C Korgan, Klausen Oliveira-Abreu, Wei Wei, Sophie L A Martin, Zoey J D Bridges, José Henrique Leal-Cardoso, Catherine Kaczorowski, Kristen M S O'Connell

Faculty Research 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: As the obesity epidemic continues, the understanding of macronutrient influence on central nervous system function is critical for understanding diet-induced obesity and potential therapeutics, particularly in light of the increased sugar content in processed foods. Previous research showed mixed effects of sucrose feeding on body weight gain but has yet to reveal insight into the impact of sucrose on hypothalamic functioning. Here, we explore the impact of liquid sucrose feeding for 12 weeks on body weight, body composition, caloric intake, and hypothalamic AgRP neuronal function and synaptic plasticity.

METHODS: Patch-clamp electrophysiology of hypothalamic AgRP neurons, metabolic phenotyping and food …

Exposure To Pcb126 During The Nursing Period Reversibly Impacts Early-Life Glucose Tolerance, Brittany Breon Rice, Keegan W. Sammons, Sara Y. Ngo Tenlep, Madeline T. Weltzer, Leryn J. Reynolds, Cetewayo S. Rashid, Hollie I. Swanson, Kevin J. Pearson

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental organic pollutants known to have detrimental health effects. Using a mouse model, we previously demonstrated that PCB126 exposure before and during pregnancy and throughout the perinatal period adversely affected offspring glucose tolerance and/or body composition profiles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose tolerance and body composition of offspring born to dams exposed to PCB126 during the nursing period only. Female ICR mice were bred, and half of the dams were exposed to either vehicle (safflower oil) or 1 μmole PCB126 per kg of body weight via oral gavage on postnatal …

Development Of The Menu Assessment Scoring Tool (Mast) To Assess The Nutritional Quality Of Food Service Menus, Claire Elizabeth Pulker, Leisha Michelle Aberle, Lucy Meredith Butcher, Clare Whitton, Kristy Karying Law, Amy Louise Large, Christina Mary Pollard, Georgina S. A. Trapp

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Preventing the rise in obesity is a global public health priority. Neighbourhood environments can help or undermine people’s efforts to manage their weight, depending on availability of nutritious and nutrient-poor ‘discretionary’ foods. The proportion of household food budgets spent on eating outside the home is increasing. To inform nutrition policy at a local level, an objective assessment of the nutritional quality of foods and beverages on food service menus that is context-specific is needed. This study describes the development and piloting of the Menu Assessment Scoring Tool (MAST), used to assess the nutritional quality of food service menus in Australia. …

Using The I3 Model To Understand Overeating, Kenneth Herbst, Mark Peterson, Suman Saha

Journal of Applied Marketing Theory

This paper uses a conceptual framework, the I³ Model (pronounced the ‘I-Cubed Model’), for understanding the influence of external and internal factors on eating behavior. According to the I³ Model (Instigation, Impellance and Inhibition), three processes can explain how overeating can occur. This paper provides support for the I³ Model through a field experiment and two laboratory experiments. The I³ Model sheds light on the nature of overeating when a perfect storm arises in which instigation and impellance are strong and inhibition is weak. The identification of this perfect-storm condition suggests that …

Evaluating The Relationship Between Circadian Rhythms And Sleep, Metabolic And Cardiovascular Disorders: Current Clinical Evidence In Human Studies, Maria Mentzelou, Sousana K. Papadopoulou, Dimitrios Papandreou, Maria Spanoudaki, Antonios Dakanalis, Georgios K. Vasios, Gavriela Voulgaridou, Eleni Pavlidou, Maria Mantzorou, Constantinos Giaginis

All Works

Circadian rhythms are generated by the circadian clock, a self-sustained internal timing system that exhibits 24-h rhythms in the body. Many metabolic, cellular, behavioral and physiological processes are regulated by the circadian clock in coordination with environmental cues. The present study is a comprehensive review of the currently existing evidence concerning the relationship between circadian rhythms and sleep, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. We thoroughly searched the online databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find the existing clinical studies from the last twenty-three years (2000–2023). Circadian misalignment was found to be associated with an increase in the risk of …

The Association Of Emotional Eating With Overweight/Obesity, Depression, Anxiety/Stress, And Dietary Patterns: A Review Of The Current Clinical Evidence, Antonios Dakanalis, Maria Mentzelou, Souzana K. Papadopoulou, Dimitrios Papandreou, Maria Spanoudaki, Georgios K. Vasios, Eleni Pavlidou, Maria Mantzorou, Constantinos Giaginis

All Works

(1) Background: Emotional eating is considered as the propensity to eat in response to emotions. It is considered as a critical risk factor for recurrent weight gain. Such overeating is able to affect general health due to excess energy intake and mental health. So far, there is still considerable controversy on the effect of the emotional eating concept. The objective of this study is to summarize and evaluate the interconnections among emotional eating and overweight/obesity, depression, anxiety/stress, and dietary patterns; (2) Methods: This is a thorough review of the reported associations among emotional eating and overweight/obesity, depression, anxiety/stress, and dietary …

Obesity And Asthma Risk In Indonesian Adults: Findings From The 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Research, Hoirun Nisa

Kesmas

Obesity and asthma are both global public health challenges. Mounting evidence suggests that obesity may increase asthma risk in adults; however, the association by sex remains uncertain. This study examined the association of obesity with asthma risk in Indonesian adult men and women. Data were obtained from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Research. The analysis included 299,837 men and 333,218 women aged ≥18 years. Asthma was identified by the self-report of a doctor’s diagnosis. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. A logistic regression was used for data analysis. Asthma prevalence was 2.7% (2.5% in men and …

Mitochondrial Phosphatidylethanolamine Modulates Ucp1 To Promote Brown Adipose Thermogenesis, Jordan M Johnson, Irfan J Lodhi, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Thermogenesis by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is one of the primary mechanisms by which brown adipose tissue (BAT) increases energy expenditure. UCP1 resides in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), where it dissipates membrane potential independent of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Here, we provide evidence that phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) modulates UCP1-dependent proton conductance across the IMM to modulate thermogenesis. Mitochondrial lipidomic analyses revealed PE as a signature molecule whose abundance bidirectionally responds to changes in thermogenic burden. Reduction in mitochondrial PE by deletion of phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PSD) made mice cold intolerant and insensitive to β3 adrenergic receptor agonist-induced increase in whole-body oxygen …

Identifying Factors Which Influence Eating Disorder Risk During Behavioral Weight Management: A Consensus Study, Hiba Jebeile, Caitlin M Mcmaster, Brittany J Johnson, Sarah P Garnett, Susan J Paxton, Anna L Seidler, Rebecca A Jones, Andrew J Hill, Sarah Maguire, Caroline Braet, Genevieve Dammery, Denise E Wilfley, Louise A Baur, Natalie B Lister, On Behalf Of The Eating Disorders In Weight-Related Therapy (Edit) Collaboration

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This study aimed to understand clinician, researcher and consumer views regarding factors which influence eating disorder (ED) risk during behavioral weight management, including individual risk factors, intervention strategies and delivery features. Eighty-seven participants were recruited internationally through professional and consumer organizations and social media and completed an online survey. Individual characteristics, intervention strategies (5-point scale) and delivery features (important/unimportant/unsure) were rated. Participants were mostly women (n = 81), aged 35-49 y, from Australia or United States, were clinicians and/or reported lived experience of overweight/obesity and/or ED. There was agreement (64% to 99%) that individual characteristics were relevant to ED risk, …