Digital Commons Network^™

Pyridoxamine Treatment Ameliorates Large Artery Stiffening And Cerebral Artery Endothelial Dysfunction In Old Mice, Emily H Reeve, Elise K Kronquist, Julia R Wolf, Byron Lee, Aleena Khurana, Hanson Pham, Abigail E Cullen, Jessica A Peterson, Antonio Meza, R Colton Bramwell, Laura Villasana, Daniel R Machin, Grant D Henson, Ashley E Walker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Age-related increases in large artery stiffness are associated with cerebrovascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Pyridoxamine treatment prevents large artery stiffening with advancing age, but the effects of pyridoxamine treatment on the cerebral vasculature or cognition is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pyridoxamine on blood pressure, large artery stiffness, cerebral artery function, and cognitive function in old mice. Old male C57BL/6 mice consumed either pyridoxamine (2 g/L) or vehicle control in drinking water for ∼7.5 months and were compared with young male C57BL/6 mice. From pre- to post-treatment, systolic blood pressure increased in old …

Association Of Frailty And The Expanded Operative Stress Score With Preoperative Acute Serious Conditions, Complications, And Mortality In Males Compared To Females: A Retrospective Observational Study, Qi Yan, Jeongsoo Kim, Daniel E Hall, Myrick C Shinall, Katherine Moll Reitz, Karyn B Stitzenberg, Lillian S Kao, Elizabeth L George, Ada Youk, Chen-Pin Wang, Jonathan C Silverstein, Elmer V Bernstam, Paula K Shireman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to expand Operative Stress Score (OSS) increasing procedural coverage and assessing OSS and frailty association with Preoperative Acute Serious Conditions (PASC), complications and mortality in females versus males.

SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Veterans Affairs male-dominated study showed high mortality in frail veterans even after very low stress surgeries (OSS1).

METHODS: Retrospective cohort using NSQIP data (2013-2019) merged with 180-day postoperative mortality from multiple hospitals to evaluate PASC, 30-day complications and 30-, 90-, and 180-day mortality.

RESULTS: OSS expansion resulted in 98.2% case coverage versus 87.0% using the original. Of 82,269 patients (43.8% male), 7.9% …

Fecal Elastase In Preterm Infants To Predict Growth Outcomes, Lindsay F Holzapfel, Amy B Hair, Geoffrey A Preidis, Tripti Halder, Heeju Yang, Jana P Unger, Steven Freedman, Camilia R Martin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: Preterm infants are born functionally pancreatic insufficient with decreased pancreatic production of lipase and proteases. Developmental pancreatic insufficiency (PI) may contribute to reduced nutrient absorption and growth failure. We sought to determine longitudinal fecal elastase (ELA1) levels in a cohort of preterm infants and whether levels are associated with growth outcomes.

METHODS: Prospective observational study of 30 infants 24-34 weeks gestational age and birth weight ≤1250 g fed the exclusive human milk diet, consisting of human milk with human milk-based fortifier. ELA1 was quantified by ELISA during the first 2 weeks of life [Early; 7.5 ± 1.8 days of …

Examining Stripes On A Herd Of Zebras: Impact Of Genomic Matching For Ultrarare Sarcomas In Phase 1 Clinical Trials (Samba 102), Justin T Moyers, Roberto Carmagnani Pestana, Jason Roszik, David S Hong, Aung Naing, Siqing Fu, Sarina Piha-Paul, Timothy A Yap, Daniel Karp, Jordi Rodon, Andy Livingston, Maria Alejandra Zarzour, Vinod Ravi, Shreyaskumar Patel, Robert S Benjamin, Joseph Ludwig, Cynthia Herzog, Ravin Ratan, Neeta Somaiah, Anthony Conley, Richard Gorlick, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Vivek Subbiah

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Recently, the Connective Tissue Oncology Society published consensus guidelines for recognizing ultrarare sarcomas (URS), defined as sarcomas with an incidence ≤1 per 1,000,000. We assessed the outcomes of 56 patients with soft tissue, and 21 with bone sarcomas, enrolled in Phase 1 trials.

Experimental design: In this Sarcoma-Matched Biomarker Analysis (SAMBA-102 study), we reviewed records from patients on Phase 1 trials at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between January 2013 and June 2021.

Results: Among 587 sarcomas, 106 (18.1%) were classified as URS. Fifty (47%) were male, and the median age was 44.3 years (range, 19-82). …

Associations Between The Dietary Inflammatory Index And Sleep Metrics In The Energy Balance Study (Ebs)., Emily T. Farrell, Michael D. Wirth, Alexander C. Mclain, Thomas G. Hurley, Robin P. Shook, Gregory A. Hand, James R. Hébert, Steven N. Blair

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

(1) Background: Sleep, a physiological necessity, has strong inflammatory underpinnings. Diet is a strong moderator of systemic inflammation. This study explored the associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and sleep duration, timing, and quality from the Energy Balance Study (EBS). (2) Methods: The EBS (n = 427) prospectively explored energy intake, expenditure, and body composition. Sleep was measured using BodyMedia's SenseWear® armband. DII scores were calculated from three unannounced dietary recalls (baseline, 1-, 2-, and 3-years). The DII was analyzed continuously and categorically (very anti-, moderately anti-, neutral, and pro-inflammatory). Linear mixed-effects models estimated the DII score impact …

Prospective Association Of Daily Steps With Cardiovascular Disease: A Harmonized Meta-Analysis, Amanda E Paluch, Shivangi Bajpai, Marcel Ballin, David R Bassett, Thomas W Buford, Mercedes R Carnethon, Ariel Chernofsky, Erin E Dooley, Ulf Ekelund, Kelly R Evenson, Deborah A Galuska, Barbara J Jefferis, Lingsong Kong, William E Kraus, Martin G Larson, I-Min Lee, Charles E Matthews, Robert L Newton, Anna Nordström, Peter Nordström, Priya Palta, Alpa V Patel, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Carl F Pieper, Lisa Pompeii, Erika Rees-Punia, Nicole L Spartano, Ramachandran S Vasan, Peter H Whincup, Shengping Yang, Janet E Fulton, Steps For Health Collaborative

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Taking fewer than the widely promoted "10 000 steps per day" has recently been associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality. The relationship of steps and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains poorly described. A meta-analysis examining the dose-response relationship between steps per day and CVD can help inform clinical and public health guidelines.

Methods: Eight prospective studies (20 152 adults [ie, ≥18 years of age]) were included with device-measured steps and participants followed for CVD events. Studies quantified steps per day and CVD events were defined as fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure. Cox proportional …

A Low-Fat/Sucrose Diet Rich In Complex Carbohydrates Reverses High-Fat/Sucrose Diet-Induced Corneal Dysregulation, Prince K Akowuah, Carolina Lema, Rolando E Rumbaut, Alan R Burns

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

High-fat/sucrose diet feeding in mice causes loss of corneal nerve function and impairs corneal wound healing. While changing to a diet with a low fat/sugar composition and enrichments in complex carbohydrates mitigates the reduction in nerve function, it remains to be determined if it has an effect on corneal wound healing. In this study, 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed either a normal diet or a high-fat/sucrose diet for 20 weeks. A third group (diet reversal) was placed on a high-fat/sucrose diet for 10 weeks followed by a normal diet for an additional 10 weeks. A central corneal epithelial abrasion …

Prevalence And Concordance Of Oral And Genital Hpv By Sexual Orientation Among Us Men, Kalyani Sonawane, Shiang Shiuan Shyu, Haluk Damgacioglu, Ruosha Li, Alan G Nyitray, Ashish A Deshmukh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The objective of our study was to describe oral and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection prevalence and concordance by sexual orientation among US men using a nationally representative sample. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The survey conducts a physical examination and collects oral rinse and genital swab specimens; demographic and health behaviors are self-reported. We used descriptive statistics and multivariate regression models to estimate HPV infection prevalence and the likelihood of HPV infection, respectively. All analyses were adjusted for National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey design and weights, and statistical …

Exposure To Pcb126 During The Nursing Period Reversibly Impacts Early-Life Glucose Tolerance, Brittany B. Rice, Keegan W. Sammons, Sara Y. Ngo Tenlep, Madeline T. Weltzer, Leryn J. Reynolds, Cetewayo S. Rashid, Hollie I. Swanson, Kevin J. Pearson

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental organic pollutants known to have detrimental health effects. Using a mouse model, we previously demonstrated that PCB126 exposure before and during pregnancy and throughout the perinatal period adversely affected offspring glucose tolerance and/or body composition profiles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose tolerance and body composition of offspring born to dams exposed to PCB126 during the nursing period only. Female ICR mice were bred, and half of the dams were exposed to either vehicle (safflower oil) or 1 µmole PCB126 per kg of body weight via oral gavage on postnatal …

Associations Of Snfl With Clinico-Radiological Measures In A Large Ms Population., Elias S Sotirchos, Kathryn C Fitzgerald, Carol M Singh, Matthew D Smith, Maria Reyes-Mantilla, Carrie M Hersh, Megan H Hyland, Ryan Canissario, Sarah B Simmons, Georgina Arrambide, Xavier Montalban, Manuel Comabella, Robert T Naismith, Min Qiao, Lauren B Krupp, Jacqueline A Nicholas, Katja Akgün, Tjalf Ziemssen, Richard Rudick, Elizabeth Fisher, Robert A Bermel, Ellen M Mowry, Peter A Calabresi

Neuroscience Articles

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), measured using high-throughput assays on widely accessible platforms in large, real-world MS populations, is a critical step for sNfL to be utilized in clinical practice.

METHODS: Multiple Sclerosis Partners Advancing Technology and Health Solutions (MS PATHS) is a network of healthcare institutions in the United States and Europe collecting standardized clinical/imaging data and biospecimens during routine clinic visits. sNfL was measured in 6974 MS and 201 healthy control (HC) participants, using a high-throughput, scalable immunoassay.

RESULTS: Elevated sNfL levels for age (sNfL-E) were found in 1238 MS participants (17.8%). Factors associated with …

Selinexor In Combination With Weekly Paclitaxel In Patients With Metastatic Solid Tumors: Results Of An Open Label, Single-Center, Multi-Arm Phase 1b Study With Expansion Phase In Ovarian Cancer, Shannon N Westin, Siqing Fu, Apostolia Tsimberidou, Sarina Piha-Paul, Fechukwu Akhmedzhanov, Bulent Yilmaz, Lacey Mcquinn, Amanda L Brink, Jing Gong, Cheuk Hong Leung, Heather Lin, David S Hong, Shubham Pant, Brett Carter, Amir Jazaeri, David Gershenson, Anil K Sood, Robert L Coleman, Jatin Shah, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Aung Naing

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Selinexor is a first-in-class, oral selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compound which blocks Exportin-1 (XPO1). Our objective was to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of selinexor and weekly paclitaxel.

METHODS: This was an open label, single-center, multi-arm phase 1b study utilizing a "3 + 3" design and a "basket-type" expansion in recurrent solid tumors. Selinexor (60 mg or 80 mg twice weekly orally) and weekly paclitaxel (80 mg IV 2 week on, 1 week off) were one of 13 parallel arms. Efficacy was evaluated using RECIST version 1.1.

RESULTS: All 35 patients …

Clinical Characterization Of Data-Driven Diabetes Clusters Of Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes, Mahsan Abbasi, Mustafa Tosur, Marcela Astudillo, Ahmad Refaey, Ashutosh Sabharwal, Maria J Redondo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Pediatric Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is highly heterogeneous. Previous reports on adult-onset diabetes demonstrated the existence of diabetes clusters. Therefore, we set out to identify unique diabetes subgroups with distinct characteristics among youth with T2D using commonly available demographic, clinical, and biochemical data.

METHODS: We performed data-driven cluster analysis (K-prototypes clustering) to characterize diabetes subtypes in pediatrics using a dataset with 722 children and adolescents with autoantibody-negative T2D. The six variables included in our analysis were sex, race/ethnicity, age, BMI

RESULTS: We identified five distinct clusters of pediatric T2D, with different features, treatment regimens and risk of diabetes complications: …

Development Of A Clinical Prediction Model For Diabetes In Chronic Pancreatitis: The Predict3c Study, Christie Jeon, Phil A Hart, Liang Li, Yunlong Yang, Eleanor Chang, Melena D Bellin, William E Fisher, Evan L Fogel, Christopher E Forsmark, Walter G Park, Stephen K Van Den Eeden, Santhi Swaroop Vege, Jose Serrano, David C Whitcomb, Dana K Andersen, Darwin L Conwell, Dhiraj Yadav, Mark O Goodarzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes that arises from chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Methods to predict which patients with CP are at greatest risk for diabetes are urgently needed. We aimed to examine independent risk factors for diabetes in a large cohort of patients with CP.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study comprised 645 individuals with CP enrolled in the PROCEED study, of whom 276 had diabetes. We conducted univariable and multivariable regression analyses of potential risk factors for diabetes. Model performance was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis, and accuracy was …

Editorial: Health Effects And Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of One-Carbon Metabolism Nutrients Intake Throughout The Life Cycle, Jufen Liu, Yunping Lei, Lei Wang, Chao Guo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Plasma Protein Biomarkers Of Healthy Dietary Patterns: Results From The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study And The Framingham Heart Study, Shutong Du, Jingsha Chen, Hyunju Kim, Maura E Walker, Alice H Lichtenstein, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Peter Ganz, Bing Yu, Ramachandran S Vasan, Josef Coresh, Casey M Rebholz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Molecular mechanisms underlying the benefits of healthy dietary patterns are poorly understood. Identifying protein biomarkers of dietary patterns can contribute to characterizing biological pathways influenced by food intake.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify protein biomarkers associated with four indexes of healthy dietary patterns: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015); Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010); DASH diet; and alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED).

Methods: Analyses were conducted on 10,490 Black and White men and women aged 49-73 y from the ARIC study at visit 3 (1993-1995). Dietary intake data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire, and plasma proteins were quantified using …

Social Determinant Of Health Impact On Diabetes Device Use And Clinical Outcomes In Youth With Type 1 Diabetes, Emily R Crain, Ryan Ramphul, Ashley M Butler, Xiaofan Huang, Charles G Minard, Maria J Redondo, Daniel J Desalvo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Youth with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) who are Black, Hispanic, or lower socioeconomic status (SES) have lower rates of diabetes device use, higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and higher rates of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). However, the associations of individual-level social determinants of health (SDoH) and neighborhood-level factors with device use and clinical outcomes are unknown. Area deprivation index (ADI) is a neighborhood level measure of SES reported in deciles (range 1-10 with 10 representing most deprived neighborhood).

Methods: We evaluated the association of ADI and other SDoH factors with pump/continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use, HbA1c, and DKA in 1,461 youth …

Chronic Restraint Stress Impairs Voluntary Wheel Running But Has No Effect On Food-Motivated Behavior In Mice, Kiersten Scott, Thien Trong Phan, Nabila Boukelmoune, Cobi J Heijnen, Robert Dantzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic restraint stress is known to cause significant alterations of mitochondrial biology. However, its effects on effort-based behavior and the sensitivity of these effects to treatments that restore mitochondrial function have not been assessed. Based on the hypothesis that the behavioral consequences of this stressor should be more severe for an energy demanding activity than for an energy procuring activity, we compared the effects of chronic restraint stress on the performance of male mice trained to use a running wheel or to nose poke for a food reward in an operant conditioning cage. In accordance with our hypothesis, we observed …

Elevated Liver Glycogenolysis Mediates Higher Blood Glucose During Acute Exercise In Barth Syndrome, George G. Schweitzer, Grace L. Ditzenberger, Curtis C. Hughey, Brian N. Finck, Michael R. Martino, Christina A. Pacak, Barry J. Byrne, William Todd Cade

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder due to mutations in the Tafazzin (TAFAZZIN) gene that lead to cardiac and skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction. Previous studies in humans with BTHS demonstrate that the defects in muscle mitochondrial oxidative metabolism result in an enhanced reliance on anaerobic metabolism during exercise to meet energy demands of muscular work. During exercise, the liver normally increases glucose production via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to match the elevated rate of muscle glucose uptake and meet the ATP requirements of working muscle. However, the impact of Tafazzin deficiency on hepatic glucose production and the …

Associations Of Snfl With Clinico-Radiological Measures In A Large Ms Population, Elias S Sotirchos, Robert T Naismith, Min Qiao, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), measured using high-throughput assays on widely accessible platforms in large, real-world MS populations, is a critical step for sNfL to be utilized in clinical practice.

METHODS: Multiple Sclerosis Partners Advancing Technology and Health Solutions (MS PATHS) is a network of healthcare institutions in the United States and Europe collecting standardized clinical/imaging data and biospecimens during routine clinic visits. sNfL was measured in 6974 MS and 201 healthy control (HC) participants, using a high-throughput, scalable immunoassay.

RESULTS: Elevated sNfL levels for age (sNfL-E) were found in 1238 MS participants (17.8%). Factors associated with …

Weight Strategy In Older Adults With Obesity: Calorie Restriction Or Not?, Georgia Colleluori, Dennis T Villareal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Along with the marked increase in the population of older adults with obesity is the need for effective strategies to treat aging- and obesity-related complications. This review highlights recent progress in obesity management in older adults.

RECENT FINDINGS: Although calorie restriction is needed to significantly reduce fat mass, an exercise protocol is crucial to ameliorate functional outcomes. The addition of a resistance exercise protocol improves the response of muscle protein synthesis to anabolic stimuli, preventing the calorie restriction-induced reduction in muscle and bone mass. The addition of an aerobic exercise protocol improves cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function. …

Sex-Specific Associations Between Urinary Bisphenols Concentrations During Pregnancy And Problematic Child Behaviors At Age 2 Years, Sarah Dee Geiger, Salma Musaad, Jennifer Hill, Andréa Aguiar, Susan Schantz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Effects of prenatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on child behavior are mixed with some reports suggesting increased problematic behaviors in girls (e.g., aggression and emotional reactivity) and in boys (i.e., externalizing behaviors), while other reports suggest decreased problematic behaviors in girls. Little is known about the potential impact of pregnancy bisphenol S (BPS) exposure on child behavior. In a prospective cohort study (n=68), five maternal spot urine samples collected across pregnancy were pooled and analyzed for BPA and BPS. Child behavior at 2 years was assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Linear regression models were used to assess associations …

Proceedings Of The 2023 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: Progress And Controversies In The Management Of Patients With Skeletal Diseases, E Michael Lewiecki, Teresita Bellido, John P Bilezikian, Jacques P Brown, Azeez Farooki, Christopher S Kovacs, Brendan Lee, William D Leslie, Michael R Mcclung, Mark L Prasarn, Deborah E Sellmeyer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The Santa Fe Bone Symposium (SFBS) held its 23rd annual event on August 5-6, 2023, in Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. Attendees participated in-person and remotely, representing many states and countries. The program included plenary presentations, panel discussions, satellite symposia, a Project ECHO workshop, and a session on healthcare policy and reimbursement for fracture liaison programs. A broad range of topics were addressed, including transitions of osteoporosis treatments over a lifetime; controversies in vitamin D; update on Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry; spine surgery and bone health; clinical applications of bone turnover markers; basic bone biology …

Factors Associated With Nonsyndromic Anotia And Microtia, Texas, 1999–2014, Jeremy M Schraw, J P Woodhouse, Renata H Benjamin, Charles J Shumate, Joanne Nguyen, Mark A Canfield, A J Agopian, Philip J Lupo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Few risk factors have been identified for nonsyndromic anotia/microtia (A/M).

METHODS: We obtained data on cases and a reference population of all livebirths in Texas for 1999-2014 from the Texas Birth Defects Registry (TBDR) and Texas vital records. We estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for A/M (any, isolated, nonisolated, unilateral, and bilateral) using Poisson regression. We evaluated trends in prevalence rates using Joinpoint regression.

RESULTS: We identified 1,322 cases, of whom 982 (74.3%) had isolated and 1,175 (88.9%) had unilateral A/M. Prevalence was increased among males (PR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2-1.4), offspring of women with …

Milder Loss Of Insulin-Containing Islets In Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes And Type 2 Diabetes-Associated Tcf7l2 Genetic Variants, Maria J Redondo, Sarah J Richardson, Daniel Perry, Charles G Minard, Alice L J Carr, Todd Brusko, Irina Kusmartseva, Alberto Pugliese, Mark A Atkinson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: TCF7L2 variants are the strongest genetic risk factor for type 2 diabetes. In individuals with type 1 diabetes, these variants are associated with a higher C-peptide AUC, a lower glucose AUC during an OGTT, single autoantibody positivity near diagnosis, particularly in individuals older than 12 years of age, and a lower frequency of type 1 diabetes-associated HLA genotypes. Based on initial observations from clinical cohorts, we tested the hypothesis that type 2 diabetes-predisposing TCF7L2 genetic variants are associated with a higher percentage of residual insulin-containing cells (ICI%) in pancreases of donors with type 1 diabetes, by examining genomic data …

Assembling A Global Database Of Child Pneumonia Studies To Inform Who Pneumonia Management Algorithm: Methodology And Applications, Helena Martin, Jennifer Falconer, Emmanuel Addo-Yobo, Satinder Aneja, Luis Martinez Arroyo, Rai Asghar, Shally Awasthi, Salem Banajeh, Abdul Bari, Sudha Basnet, Ashish Bavdekar, Nita Bhandari, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Abdullah Brooks, Mandeep Chadha, Noel Chisaka, Monidarin Chou, Alexey W Clara, Tim Colbourn, Clare Cutland, Valérie D'Acremont, Marcela Echavarria, Angela Gentile, Brad Gessner, Christopher J Gregory, Tabish Hazir, Patricia L Hibberd, Siddhivinayak Hirve, Shubhada Hooli, Imran Iqbal, Prakash Jeena, Cissy B Kartasasmita, Carina King, Romina Libster, Rakesh Lodha, Juan M Lozano, Marilla Lucero, Norman Lufesi, William B Macleod, Shabir Ahmed Madhi, Joseph L Mathew, Irene Maulen-Radovan, Eric D Mccollum, Greta Mino, Charles Mwansambo, Mark I Neuman, Ngoc Tuong Vy Nguyen, Marta C Nunes, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Kerry-Ann F O'Grady, Jean-William Pape, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala, Archana Patel, Valentina Sanchez Picot, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Zeba Rasmussen, Vanessa Rouzier, Graciela Russomando, Raul O Ruvinsky, Salim Sadruddin, Samir K Saha, Mathuram Santosham, Sunit Singhi, Sajid Soofi, Tor A Strand, Mariam Sylla, Somsak Thamthitiwat, Donald M Thea, Claudia Turner, Philippe Vanhems, Nitya Wadhwa, Jianwei Wang, Syed Ma Zaman, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Yasir Bin Nisar, World Health Organization Pneumonia Research Partnership To Assess Who Recommendation (Prepare) Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The existing World Health Organization (WHO) pneumonia case management guidelines rely on clinical symptoms and signs for identifying, classifying, and treating pneumonia in children up to 5 years old. We aimed to collate an individual patient-level data set from large, high-quality pre-existing studies on pneumonia in children to identify a set of signs and symptoms with greater validity in the diagnosis, prognosis, and possible treatment of childhood pneumonia for the improvement of current pneumonia case management guidelines.

METHODS: Using data from a published systematic review and expert knowledge, we identified studies meeting our eligibility criteria and invited investigators to …

Socioecological Predictors Of Breastfeeding Practices In Rural Eastern Ethiopia, Marina Magalhães, Amanda Ojeda, Karah Mechlowitz, Kaitlin Brittain, Jenna Daniel, Kedir Teji Roba, Jemal Yousuf Hassen, Mark J Manary, Wondwossen A Gebreyes, Arie H Havelaar, Sarah L Mckune

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Estimates by the World Health Organization indicate that over 800,000 global neonatal deaths each year are attributed to deviations from recommended best practices in infant feeding. Identifying factors promoting ideal breastfeeding practices may facilitate efforts to decrease neonatal and infant death rates and progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals set for 2030. Though numerous studies have identified the benefits of breastfeeding in reducing the risk of childhood undernutrition, infection and illness, and mortality in low- and middle-income countries, no studies have explored predictors of breastfeeding practices in rural eastern Ethiopia, where undernutrition is widespread. The aim of this …

Patient-Centered Outcomes Of An Emergency Department Social And Medical Resource Intervention, Rohit Gupta, Anthony Wang, Daniel Wang, Daniela Ortiz, Karen Kurian, Thiago Halmer, Michael S Jaung

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Few studies have examined the impact of emergency department (ED) social interventions on patient outcomes and revisits, especially in underserved populations. Our objective in this study was to characterize a volunteer initiative that provided community medical and social resources at ED discharge and its effect on ED revisit rates and adherence to follow-up appointments at a large, county hospital ED.

METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of ED patients who received medical and social resources and an educational intervention at discharge between September 2017-June 2018. Demographic information, the number of ED return visits, and outpatient follow-up appointment adherence within …

Community Engagement For Birth Preparedness And Complication Readiness In The Community Level Interventions For Pre-Eclampsia (Clip) Trial In India: A Mixed-Method Evaluation, Avinash Kavi, Mai-Lei Woo Kinshella, Umesh Y Ramadurg, Umesh Charantimath, Geetanjali M Katageri, Chandrashekhar C Karadiguddi, Narayan V Honnungar, Shashidhar G Bannale, Geetanjali I Mungarwadi, Jeffrey N Bone, Marianne Vidler, Laura Magee, Ashalata Mallapur, Shivaprasad S Goudar, Mrutyunjaya Bellad, Richard Derman, Peter Von Dadelszen, The Clip India Working Group

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Objective: To describe the process of community engagement (CE) in northern Karnataka, India and its impact on pre-eclampsia knowledge, birth preparedness and complication readiness, pregnancy-related care seeking and maternal morbidity.

Design: This study was a secondary analysis of a cluster randomised trial of Community Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP). A total of 12 clusters based on primary health centre catchment areas were randomised to intervention or control. CE was conducted in intervention clusters. CE attendance was summarised according to participant group using both quantitative and qualitative assessment. Pre-eclampsia knowledge, birth preparedness, health services engagement and perinatal outcomes was evaluated within …

Correlations Between Complex Human Phenotypes Vary By Genetic Background, Gender, And Environment, Michael Elgart, Matthew O Goodman, Carmen Isasi, Han Chen, Alanna C Morrison, Paul S De Vries, Huichun Xu, Ani W Manichaikul, Xiuqing Guo, Nora Franceschini, Bruce M Psaty, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Myriam Fornage, Adolfo Correa, Nancy L Heard-Costa, Ramachandran S Vasan, Ryan Hernandez, Robert C Kaplan, Susan Redline, Tamar Sofer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We develop a closed-form Haseman-Elston estimator for genetic and environmental correlation coefficients between complex phenotypes, which we term HEc, that is as precise as GCTA yet ∼20× faster. We estimate genetic and environmental correlations between over 7,000 phenotype pairs in subgroups from the Trans-Omics in Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program. We demonstrate substantial differences in both heritabilities and genetic correlations for multiple phenotypes and phenotype pairs between individuals of self-reported Black, Hispanic/Latino, and White backgrounds. We similarly observe differences in many of the genetic and environmental correlations between genders. To estimate the contribution of genetics to the observed phenotypic correlation, we …

Chronic Kidney Disease In Public Renal Practices In Queensland, Australia, 2011–2018, Wendy E Hoy, Zaimin Wang, Jianzhen Zhang, Vishal Diwan, Anne Cameron, Sree K Venuthurupalli, Robert G Fassett, Samuel Chan, Helen G Healy, Ken-Soon Tan, Richard Baer, Andrew J Mallett, Nicholas Gray, Murty Mantha, Roy Cherian, Clyson Mutatiri, Krishan Madhan, George Kan, Geoffrey Mitchell, Shahadat Hossain, Danielle Wu, Thin Han, Adrian Kark, Thomas Titus, Dwarakanatan Ranganathan, Ann Bonner, Sridevi Govindarajulu, Nhmrc Ckd.Cre And The Ckd.Qld Collaborative

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

AIM: To describe adults with (non-dialysis) chronic kidney disease (CKD) in nine public renal practice sites in the Australian state of Queensland.

METHODS: 7,060 persons were recruited to a CKD Registry in May 2011 and until start of kidney replacement therapy (KRT), death without KRT or June 2018, for a median period of 3.4 years.

RESULTS: The cohort comprised 7,060 persons, 52% males, with a median age of 68 yr; 85% had CKD stages 3A to 5, 45.4% were diabetic, 24.6% had diabetic nephropathy, and 51.7% were obese. Younger persons mostly had glomerulonephritis or genetic renal disease, while older persons …