Digital Commons Network^™

Epidemiology And Longitudinal Course Of Chylomicronemia: Insights From Nhanes And A Large Health Care System, Seyedmohammad Saadatagah, Mohammadreza Naderian, Miriam Larouche, Daniel Gaudet, Iftikhar J Kullo, Christie M Ballantyne

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Chylomicronemia is characterized by fasting triglyceride (TG) ≥1000 mg/dL; its longitudinal course is not well studied.

Methods: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (1999-2018; n = 21,998), we determined chylomicronemia prevalence and temporal trend. Using Mayo Clinic data (4,524,506 TG measurements for 1,294,044 individuals), we studied the longitudinal course and ascertained persistent chylomicronemia (PC), defined as TG ≥1000 mg/dL in more than half the measurements for individuals with ≥3 measurements. We used logistic regression to assess factors associated with PC.

Results: In NHANES, the prevalence of chylomicronemia was 0.20% overall, with higher prevalence in men (0.32%) …

Igf-1 Impacts Neocortical Interneuron Connectivity In Epileptic Spasm Generation And Resolution, Carlos J Ballester-Rosado, John T Le, Trang T Lam, Anne E Anderson, James D Frost, John W Swann

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Little is known about the mechanisms that generate epileptic spasms following perinatal brain injury. Recent studies have implicated reduced levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) in these patients' brains. Other studies have reported low levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA. In the TTX brain injury model of epileptic spasms, we undertook experiments to evaluate the impact of IGF-1 deficiencies on neocortical interneurons and their role in spasms. Quantitative immunohistochemical analyses revealed that neocortical interneurons that express glutamic acid decarboxylase, parvalbumin, or synaptotagmin 2 co-express IGF-1. In epileptic rats, expression of these three interneuron markers were reduced in the neocortex. …

Longitudinal Host Transcriptional Responses To Sars-Cov-2 Infection In Adults With Extremely High Viral Load, Vasanthi Avadhanula, Chad J Creighton, Laura Ferlic-Stark, Divya Nagaraj, Yiqun Zhang, Richard Sucgang, Erin G Nicholson, Anubama Rajan, Vipin Kumar Menon, Harshavardhan Doddapaneni, Donna Marie Muzny, Ginger A Metcalf, Sara Joan Javornik Cregeen, Kristi Louise Hoffman, Richard A Gibbs, Joseph F Petrosino, Pedro A Piedra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Current understanding of viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and host responses driving the pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19 is rapidly evolving. Here, we conducted a longitudinal study to investigate gene expression patterns during acute SARS-CoV-2 illness. Cases included SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with extremely high viral loads early in their illness, individuals having low SARS-CoV-2 viral loads early in their infection, and individuals testing negative for SARS-CoV-2. We could identify widespread transcriptional host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection that were initially most strongly manifested in patients with extremely high initial viral loads, then attenuating within the patient over time as viral loads decreased. Genes …

Goldenbraid20 E Coli: A Comprehensive And Characterized Toolkit For Enterics, Matthew B Cooke, Kobie T Welch, Laura D Ramirez, Alice X Wen, David C Marciano, Christophe Herman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Modular cloning systems streamline laboratory workflows by consolidating genetic 'parts' into reusable and modular collections, enabling researchers to fast-track strain construction. The GoldenBraid 2.0 modular cloning system utilizes the cutting property of type IIS restriction enzymes to create defined genetic 'grammars', which facilitate the reuse of standardized genetic parts and assembly of genetic parts in the right order. Here, we present a GoldenBraid 2.0 toolkit of genetic parts designed to accelerate cloning in the model bacterium

Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolite And T3 Profiles Of Orphaned Elephants Differ From Non-Orphaned Elephants In Zambia, Daniella E Chusyd, Janine L Brown, Steve Paris, Nicole Boisseau, Webster Mwaanga, Moses Kasongo, Lisa Olivier, Stephanie L Dickinson, Bailey Ortyl, Tessa Steiniche, Steven N Austad, David B Allison, Michael D Wasserman

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Elephants provide valuable insight into how early-life adverse events (ELAEs) associate with animal health and welfare because they can live to advanced ages, display extensive cognitive and memory capabilities, and rely heavily on social bonds. Although it is known that African savanna elephants that experienced ELAEs, such as being orphaned due to human activities, have altered behavioral outcomes, little is known regarding the physiological consequences associated with those stressors.

Methods: We compared fecal glucocorticoid (fGCM) and thyroid (fT3) metabolites as well as body condition scores (BCS) in rescued and rehabilitated orphaned (early-dry season: n = 20; late-dry season: n …

"I Feel Like People Would Look At Me Like I'M Dirty Or Like I'M A Thief:" A Qualitative Exploration Of Interpersonal And Intrapersonal Experiences That Influence Recovery Among Adults At Risk Of Opioid-Related Overdose, Hannah S Szlyk, Sara Jones, Jordan Michener, Zhuoran Zhang, Nina Kaiser, Heidi Holtz, Melody Rachel Konadu Frempong, Husain Lateef, William Hutson, Patricia Cavazos-Rehg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Due to the nature of early termination of treatment and the transient lifestyles of many people who use substances, many providers are unaware of the factors that may have contributed to their client's engagement in treatment. Treatment providers and researchers need a better understanding of intrapersonal and interpersonal factors that impact recovery from the clients' perspective. This study uses qualitative methods to explore these factors.

METHODS: Eligible participants were adults who had used opioids and/or stimulants and were receiving treatment at a consenting facility. Participants completed one-month follow-up interviews after using a mobile health intervention. Transcripts were analyzed using …

Edible Algae Reduce Blood Pressure In Humans: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomised Controlled Trials, Patricia Casas-Agustench, Sandra Mínguez, Zoe Brookes, Raul Bescos

School of Health Professions

BACKGROUND: Edible algae contain bioactive compounds such as peptides, fucoidan, polyphenols, potassium, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants that may benefit cardiovascular health, particularly in lowering blood pressure (BP) regulation. Certain species, including Nori and Kelp, are also rich in inorganic nitrate, known for its BP-lowering effects. However, the relationship between algae consumption and hypertension remains controversial. This study evaluated the effects of edible algae on BP in humans, considering factors such as algae type, format, dosage, intervention duration, health status, and baseline BP.

METHODS: A systematic search of Medline-Pubmed, Scopus and Cochrane databases was conducted through December 2024. Randomised controlled …

The Pointer Imaging Baseline Cohort: Associations Between Multimodal Neuroimaging Biomarkers, Cardiovascular Health, And Cognition, Theresa M Harrison, Tyler Ward, Jacinda Taggett, Pauline Maillard, Samuel N Lockhart, Youngkyoo Jung, Laura C Lovato, Robert Koeppe, William J Jagust, Danielle Harvey, Joseph C Masdeu, Hwamee Oh, Darren R Gitelman, Neelum T Aggarwal, Mark A Espeland, Maryjo L Cleveland, Rachel Whitmer, Sarah Tomaszewski Farias, Stephen Salloway, Valory Pavlik, Melissa Yu, Christine Tangney, Heather Snyder, Maria Carrillo, Laura D Baker, Prashanthi Vemuri, Charles Decarli, Susan M Landau

Staff and Researcher Publications

Introduction: The U.S. Study to Protect Brain Health Through Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Risk (U.S. POINTER) is evaluating lifestyle interventions in older adults at risk for cognitive decline and dementia. Here we characterize the baseline data set of the POINTER Imaging ancillary study.

Methods: Participants underwent health and cognitive assessments and neuroimaging with multimodal positron emission tomography (PET) (beta-amyloid [Aβ] and tau) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Framingham risk score (FRS) was used to quantify cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

Results: A total of 1052 participants (31% from underrepresented ethnoracial groups) were enrolled. Compared to Aβ-, Aβ+ (29%) participants were older, …

The Infected Diabetic Foot: Incidence And Risk Factors For Dehiscence After Surgery For Diabetic Foot Infections, Lawrence A Lavery, Mario C Reyes, Bijan Najafi, Tyler L Coye, Jayer Chung, Michael C Siah, Arthur N Tarricone

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Our objective was to assess the incidence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of dehiscence after foot surgery in diabetic patients. We used pooled patient‐level data from two randomised clinical trials with 240 diabetic patients who required foot surgery for infections. Most patients (n = 180, 75.0%) had surgical wound closure. We defined dehisced surgical wounds (DSW) when the surgical site was not completely epithelialized with no drainage after sutures/staples were removed with a 2‐week validation of healing. We evaluated the time to heal, re‐infection, re‐ulceration, hospital admissions and amputations. Moderate and severe infection was based on criteria of the …

The Infected Diabetic Foot: Risk Factors For Re-Infection After Treatment For Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis, Lawrence A Lavery, Mario C Reyes, Bijan Najafi, Tyler L Coye, Matthew Sideman, Michael C Siah, Arthur N Tarricone

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Our objective was to evaluate risk factors for re-infection in patients after treatment for diabetic foot osteomyelitis (OM). We used pooled patient level data from two RTCs that evaluated patients with diabetic foot infections. We evaluated 171 patients with OM. OM was confirmed with bone culture or histopathology. Data from the 12-month follow-up were used to determine clinical outcomes. Re-infection occurred in 47 (27.5%) patients. Risk factors for re-infection were Toe Brachial Index < 0.40 (25.7% vs. 9.8%, p = 0.02), skin perfusion pressure < 40 mmHg (6.3% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.04), wound healing (55.3% vs. 75.0%, p = 0.01), time to heal (156.0, 69.5-365 vs. 91.5, 38.8-365, p = 0.001), and history of MI (14.9% vs. 3.2%, p = 0.005). During 12-month follow-up, patients with re-infections were 198.8 times more likely to require a foot related hospitalisation (81.8% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.001), 10.4 times more likely have an all-cause hospitalisation (70.2% vs. 18.5%, p = 0.001) and 9.4 times more likely to need an amputation (36.2% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.001). Patients with re-infection had a significantly longer median length of hospitalisation (20.0, 13.5-34.5 vs. 14.0, 10.0-22.0, p = 0.003) and median length of antibiotic duration (55.0, 35.0-87.0 vs. 46.0, 22.8-68.0, p = 0.03). Patients with re-infection are less likely to heal and have more foot-related hospitalizations and amputations.

Commentary: Impact Of Resistance Training Intensity On Body Composition And Nutritional Intake Among College Women With Overweight And Obesity: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Joshua L Keller, Sarah E Deemer, Gian Luca Di Tanna, Sherri L Pals, Kevin R Fontaine, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Nitrate And Nitrite Bioavailability In Plasma And Saliva: Their Association With Blood Pressure - A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Raul Bescos, Laura Gallardo-Alfaro, Ammar Ashor, Lucia Rizzolo-Brime, Mario Siervo, Patricia Casas-Agustench

School of Health Professions

In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine plasma and salivary nitrate (NO ₃ ⁻) and nitrite (NO ₂ ⁻) concentrations under resting and fasting conditions in different type of individuals and their association with blood pressure levels. A total of 77 studies, involving 1918 individuals aged 19–74 years (males = 906; females = 1012), which measured plasma and/or salivary NO ₃ ⁻ and NO ₂ ⁻ using the chemiluminescence technique, were included. Mean plasma NO ₃ ⁻ and NO ₂ ⁻ concentrations were 33.9 μmol/L and 158.3 nmol/L, respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed lower …

Generalizable Self-Supervised Learning For Brain Cta In Acute Stroke, Yingjun Dong, Samiksha Pachade, Kirk Roberts, Xiaoqian Jiang, Sunil A Sheth, Luca Giancardo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Acute stroke management involves rapid and accurate interpretation of CTA imaging data. However, generalizable models for multiple acute stroke tasks able to learn from unlabeled data do not exist. We propose a linear probed self-supervised contrastive learning utilizing 3D CTA images and the findings section of radiologists' reports for pretraining. Subsequently, the pretrained model was applied to four disparate tasks: large vessel occlusion (LVO) detection, acute ischemic stroke detection, acute ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage classification, and ischemic core volume prediction. The tasks chosen are particularly challenging as they cannot be directly extracted from the radiology reports findings with keywords. The …

Disposition Outcomes Following Prehospital Use Of Naloxone In A Large Metropolitan City In The United States, James R Langabeer, Christine Bakos-Block, A Sarah Cohen, Ishmam Alam, Bhanumathi Gopal, Marylou Cardenas-Turanzas, Arlo F Weltge, David Persse, Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: During a drug overdose, research suggests individuals may not call 9-1-1 out of fear of criminal justice concerns. Of those that call, research is inconclusive about the disposition of the emergency transport. We evaluated transport outcomes for adults with opioid-related overdose in the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) of a large metropolitan city in the United States.

Methods: We reviewed the EMS incident report database from the patient care record system for years 2018 to 2022. We queried all records, searching for relevant terms, and two reviewers cross-checked the database to identify cases that did not result in death at …

Using Digitally Delivered Measurement-Based Care In Substance Use Disorder Treatment: Qualitative Analysis Of Patients’ Perspectives, Tessa Frohe, Eliza B Cohn, Madeline C Frost, Tascha R Johnson, Kevin A Hallgren

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Measurement-based care (MBC) is a clinical practice where patients complete standardized outcome measures throughout treatment to monitor clinical progress and inform clinical decision-making. However, MBC is rarely adopted in routine substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. We developed a digital MBC system and pilot tested it in an outpatient adult community SUD treatment setting.

Objectives:The current study aims to characterize qualitative feedback from the pilot participants about their experiences using the MBC system in SUD treatment, focusing on perceived benefits, drawbacks, and suggestions for improvement.

Methods: Participants (N=30; n=11 female 37%) completed weekly MBC questionnaires via smartphone for 6 …

Epidemiology Of Patient Record Duplication, Onur Sahin, Audrey Zhao, Reuben Joseph Applegate, Todd R Johnson, Elmer V Bernstam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Duplicate patient records can increase costs and medical errors. We assessed the association between demographic factors, comorbidities, health care usage, and duplicate electronic health records.

Methods: We analyzed the association between duplicate patient records and multiple demographic variables (race, Hispanic ethnicity, sex, and age) as well as the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), number of diagnoses, and number of health care encounters. The study population included 3,018,413 patients seen at a large urban academic medical center with at least one recorded diagnosis. Duplication of patient medical records was determined by using a previously validated enterprise Master Person Index.

Results: Unknown …

Bismuth-Infused Perivascular Wrap Facilitates Delivery Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells And Attenuation Of Neointimal Hyperplasia In Rat Arteriovenous Fistulas, Allan John R Barcena, Joy Vanessa D Perez, Marvin R Bernardino, Jossana A Damasco, Erin Marie D San Valentin, Carleigh Klusman, Benjamin Martin, Gino Martin Canlas, Francisco M Heralde, Natalie Fowlkes, Richard R Bouchard, Jizhong Cheng, Steven Y Huang, Marites P Melancon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as novel therapies for supporting arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation, and bioresorbable polymeric scaffolds have enabled sustained MSC delivery into maturing AVFs. However, the radiolucency of biopolymeric wraps prevents in vivo monitoring of their integrity and location, hindering long-term preclinical investigations.

METHODS: We infused bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) into polycaprolactone (PCL) to fabricate an electrospun perivascular wrap capable of MSC delivery and conducive to longitudinal monitoring using conventional imaging. We tested the wraps' effects on the attenuation of markers of neointimal hyperplasia (i.e., endothelial dysfunction, hypoxia, and inflammation), the leading cause of AVF failure, in …

Relationship Between Trpm4 Rs8104571 Genotype, Circulating Trpm4 And Sur1, And Clinical Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury, Joseph D Krocker, Madeline E Cotton, Janet R Ashley, Jacob B Schriner, Baron K Osborn, Yao-Wei Willa Wang, Charles S Cox, Charles E Wade

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The variant single nucleotide polymorphism rs8104571 has been associated with poor outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is most prevalent in those of African ancestry. This single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) resides within a gene coding for the TRPM4 protein, which complexes with SUR1 protein to create a transmembrane ion channel and is believed to contribute to cellular swelling and cell death in neurological tissue. Our study evaluates the relationship between circulating TRPM4 and SUR1, rs8104571 genotype, and clinical outcome in TBI patients. Trauma patients with moderate to severe TBI were included in this retrospective study. rs8104571 genotyping and admission …

Burden Of Seasonal Human Coronavirus Infections In Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients, Fareed Khawaja, Terri Lynn Shigle, Layale Yaghi, May Daher, Jeremy L Ramdial, Ella Ariza-Heredia, Ying Jiang, Roy F Chemaly

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Community respiratory viruses, such as seasonal human coronavirus (HCoV), commonly infect hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Recognizing the risk factors and outcomes of HCoV infections in HCT recipients is essential for the future development of potentially lifesaving therapeutics.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all HCoV-infected HCT recipients from September 1, 2015 to August 31, 2017, at our institution. Patients were classified with upper respiratory tract infection (URI) or lower respiratory infection (LRI) based on predefined definitions for respiratory viral infections in HCT recipients. Patient data were collected to identify risk factors for HCoV LRI, and to calculate …

Mechanical Regulation Of Macrophage Metabolism By Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 Leads To Adverse Remodeling After Cardiac Injury, Matthew Deberge, Kristofor Glinton, Connor Lantz, Zhi-Dong Ge, David P Sullivan, Swapna Patil, Bo Ryung Lee, Minori I Thorp, Adam Mullick, Steve Yeh, Shuling Han, Anja M Van Der Laan, Hans W M Niessen, Xunrong Luo, Nicholas E S Sibinga, Edward B Thorp

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Myocardial infarction (MI) mobilizes macrophages, the central protagonists of tissue repair in the infarcted heart. Although necessary for repair, macrophages also contribute to adverse remodeling and progression to heart failure. In this context, specific targeting of inflammatory macrophage activation may attenuate maladaptive responses and enhance cardiac repair. Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1) is a macrophage-specific protein expressed in a variety of inflammatory settings, but its function after MI is unknown. Here we identify a maladaptive role for macrophage AIF1 after MI in mice. Mechanistic studies show that AIF1 increases actin remodeling in macrophages to promote reactive oxygen species-dependent activation of …

Effect Of Digital Health Coaching On Self-Efficacy And Patient-Reported Outcomes In Individuals With Acute Myeloid And Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Jennifer Marvin-Peek, Valerie Shelton, Kelly Brassil, Bryan Fellman, Austin Barr, Kelly Sharon Chien, Danielle Hammond, Mahesh Swaminathan, Nitin Jain, William Wierda, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Courtney Dinardo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Promotion of self-efficacy can enhance engagement with health care and treatment adherence in patients with cancer. We report the outcomes of a pilot trial of a digital health coach intervention in patients with leukemia with the aim of improving self-efficacy.

Methods: Adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were randomized 1:1 to a digital health coach intervention or standard of care. The primary outcome of self-efficacy was measured by the Cancer Behavior Inventory (CBI) score.

Results: A total of 147 patients (37 AML, 110 CLL) were enrolled from July 2020 to December …

E2f1 Overexpression Reduces Aging-Associated Dna Damage In Cultured Cerebral Endothelial Cells And Improves Cognitive Performance In Aged Mice, Sheelu Monga, Samantha Flores, Maria Pilar Blasco-Conesa, Syed M Rahman, Brian Noh, Pedram Peesh, Bhanu Priya Ganesh, Sean P Marrelli, Louise D Mccullough, Jose Felix Moruno-Manchon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

As we age, cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) are less efficient in maintaining genome integrity and accumulate DNA damage. DNA damage in the brain endothelium can lead to the impairment of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which is a major factor in brain dysfunction and dementia. Thus, identifying factors that regulate DNA repair in the brain endothelium can prevent brain dysfunction associated with aging. E2F1 is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes associated with DNA repair, among other functions. We hypothesize that E2F1 is downregulated in the brain vasculature of mice with aging and that E2F1 upregulation can improve …

Comparison Of Primary Care Experiences And Outpatient Health Service Utilization Among Black And Latino Homeless-Experienced Veterans: An Analysis Of Patient-Centered Medical Homes, Melissa Chinchilla, Audrey L Jones, Aerin Derussy, Michael F Green, Lillian Gelberg, Alexander S Young, Jack Tsai, Sonya E Gabrielian, Stefan G Kertesz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: To examine whether, among persons with recent homeless experience, minoritized clients rate primary care differently from non-minoritized clients in Veterans Affairs (VA) mainstream and homeless tailored clinics, through the largest survey of homeless-experienced Black, White, and Latino Veterans to date.

Methods: Surveys were collected from HEVs in Homeless-tailored Patient-Aligned Care Teams (HPACTs) and mainstream Patient Aligned Care Teams (PACTs; n = 4894). We tested multivariable associations between race/ethnicity, clinic (HPACT vs mainstream-PACT), and their interaction, on care experience ratings and service utilization.

Results: There were no major differences in care ratings by race/ethnicity; medical and social vulnerability factors were …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Longitudinal Trajectories Of Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Us Middle-Aged And Older Adults, Matthew E Dupre, Radha Dhingra, Hanzhang Xu, Scott M Lynch, Qing Yang, Cassie Ford, Michael D Green, Ying Xian, Ann Marie Navar, Eric D Peterson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are well-documented. However, racial and ethnic differences in the longitudinal changes among multiple CVD risk factors are unknown.

Methods: We used prospective cohort data of U.S. adults aged ≥50 in the 2006-2016 Health and Retirement Study. Group-based multi-trajectory models characterized age-related trajectories of systolic blood pressure ([BP] mmHg), non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL), diabetes mellitus (DM), and smoking. Racial and ethnic differences in the multi-trajectory profiles were examined using multinomial logistic regression. Karlson-Holm-Breen methods were used to assess factors contributing to these associations.

Results: Among 10,292 participants (median age: 61), approximately …

Thromboelastography Versus Thromboelastometry For Unfractionated Heparin Monitoring In Adult Patients On Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Ellen B Yin, Arthur W Bracey, Subhasis Chatterjee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Monitoring the anticoagulant effect of unfractionated heparin (UFH) in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients is complex but critically important to balance the risks of treatment related bleeding and circuit thrombosis. While guidelines recommend using more than one method to monitor UFH activity, the use of thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to monitor UFH in ECMO patients has not been investigated in detail.

Methods: This is an observational, single-center retrospective study looking at adult ECMO patients on UFH that had ROTEM and thromboelastography (TEG) tests obtained concurrently. A total of 20 samples were obtained from nine patients during the study period, …

Predictive Equation Derived From 6,497 Doubly Labelled Water Measurements Enables The Detection Of Erroneous Self-Reported Energy Intake, Rania Bajunaid, Chaoqun Niu, Catherine Hambly, Zongfang Liu, Yosuke Yamada, Heliodoro Aleman-Mateo, Liam J Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issad Baddou, Linda Bandini, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E Blaak, Carlijn V C Bouten, Soren Brage, Maciej S Buchowski, Nancy F Butte, Stefan G J A Camps, Regina Casper, Graeme L Close, Jamie A Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Peter S W Davies, Prasangi Dabare, Lara R Dugas, Simon Eaton, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W Fudge, Melanie Gillingham, Annelies H Goris, Michael Gurven, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Hinke H Haisma, Daniel Hoffman, Marije B Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas, Annemiek M Joosen, Peter Katzmarzyk, Misaka Kimura, William E Kraus, Wantanee Kriengsinyos, Rebecca Kuriyan, Robert F Kushner, Estelle V Lambert, Pulani Lanerolle, Christel L Larsson, William R Leonard, Nader Lessan, Marie Löf, Corby K Martin, Eric Matsiko, Anine C Medin, James C Morehen, James P Morton, Aviva Must, Marian L Neuhouser, Theresa A Nicklas, Christine D Nyström, Robert M Ojiambo, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Yannis P Pitsiladis, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L Prentice, Susan B Racette, David A Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M Redman, John J Reilly, Rebecca Reynolds, Susan B Roberts, Dulani Samaranayakem, Luis B Sardinha, Analiza M Silva, Anders M Sjödin, Marina Stamatiou, Eric Stice, Samuel S Urlacher, Ludo M Van Etten, Edgar G A H Van Mil, George Wilson, Jack A Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J Murphy-Alford, Srishti Sinha, Cornelia U Loechl, Amy H Luke, Herman Pontzer, Jennifer Rood, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Dale A Schoeller, Klaas R Westerterp, William W Wong, John R Speakman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years. The resultant regression equation predicts expected TEE from easily acquired variables, such as body weight, age and sex, with 95% predictive limits that can be used …

Healthcare Utilization Unchanged In The Control Arm Of A Randomized Clinical Trial, Pratik Gongloor, Saad Nadeem, Xiaoying Yu, Mukaila Raji, Kristina D Mena, Elizabeth M Vaughan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

including among control groups. Increased access to care and heightened health awareness during trial enrollment could lead to altered behaviors, a phenomenon known as the Hawthorne effect, which may obscure true intervention impacts; however, this effect remains poorly studied in low-income environments.

Aim: To conduct a secondary exploratory analysis of healthcare utilization among control participants of a randomized clinical trial (RCT).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed electronic medical records from the control arm (n = 26) of an RCT involving low-income Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes receiving care at a community clinic. Before randomization to a 12-month diabetes education intervention …

Outcomes In Pediatric Cholesteatoma, Katherine M Miller, Yi-Chun Carol Liu, Jaqueline E Weinstein, Michael S Cohen, David H Chi, Samantha Anne

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to evaluate the outcomes of surgical management options for cholesteatoma using a national database.

STUDY DESIGN: Database analysis of the Pediatric Health Information System database to identify children undergoing surgical intervention for cholesteatoma from October 2015 to December 2022.

METHODS: Patients were categorized by initial surgical modality: tympanoplasty (TM), tympanoplasty with canal wall-up tympanomastoidectomy (TM-CWU), and tympanoplasty with canal wall-down tympanomastoidectomy (TM-CWD). Group comparisons were done on number of surgical revisions and number of patients identified with recommendations for hearing aids.

RESULTS: A total of 6304 patients were identified in the database who …

Atherogenic Lipoproteins Associate With Loss Of Glycemic Control In Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results From The Today Study, Lorraine E Levitt Katz, Samuel S Gidding, James D Otvos, Kimberly L Drews, Fida Bacha, Steven Willi, Santica Marcovina, Siripoom Mckay, Ruth S Weinstock, Today Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adolescents is associated with an unfavorable lipid profile, but lipoprotein particle subspecies and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) data are scarce.

Objective: To evaluate lipoprotein particle distributions, lipoprotein insulin resistance index (LP-IR), and BCAA levels longitudinally and their relationships with sex, race/ethnicity, treatment, and loss of glycemic control in adolescents with youth-onset T2D.

Methods: Participants from the TODAY study (n = 348) had samples analyzed yearly for glycated hemoglobin and nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein and BCAA assessments.

Results: At baseline, participants with T2D were 13.7 years old with T2D, obesity, and from racial and ethnic …

Biallelic Variation In The Choline And Ethanolamine Transporter Flvcr1 Underlies A Severe Developmental Disorder Spectrum, Daniel G Calame, Jovi Huixin Wong, Puravi Panda, Dat Tuan Nguyen, Nancy C P Leong, Riccardo Sangermano, Sohil G Patankar, Mohamed S Abdel-Hamid, Lama Alabdi, Sylvia Safwat, Kyle P Flannery, Zain Dardas, Jawid M Fatih, Chaya Murali, Varun Kannan, Timothy E Lotze, Isabella Herman, Farah Ammouri, Brianna Rezich, Stephanie Efthymiou, Shahryar Alavi, David Murphy, Zahra Firoozfar, Mahya Ebrahimi Nasab, Amir Bahreini, Majid Ghasemi, Nourelhoda A Haridy, Hamid Reza Goldouzi, Fatemeh Eghbal, Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani, Amber Begtrup, Houda Elloumi, Varunvenkat M Srinivasan, Vykuntaraju K Gowda, Haowei Du, Shalini N Jhangiani, Zeynep Coban-Akdemir, Dana Marafi, Lance Rodan, Sedat Isikay, Jill A Rosenfeld, Subhadra Ramanathan, Michael Staton, Kerby C Oberg, Robin D Clark, Catharina Wenman, Sam Loughlin, Ramy Saad, Tazeen Ashraf, Alison Male, Shereen Tadros, Reza Boostani, Ghada M H Abdel-Salam, Maha Zaki, Ali Mardi, Farzad Hashemi-Gorji, Ebtesam Abdalla, M Chiara Manzini, Davut Pehlivan, Jennifer E Posey, Richard A Gibbs, Henry Houlden, Fowzan S Alkuraya, Kinga Bujakowska, Reza Maroofian, James R Lupski, Long N Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: FLVCR1 encodes a solute carrier protein implicated in heme, choline, and ethanolamine transport. Although Flvcr1-/- mice exhibit skeletal malformations and defective erythropoiesis reminiscent of Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), biallelic FLVCR1 variants in humans have previously only been linked to childhood or adult-onset ataxia, sensory neuropathy, and retinitis pigmentosa.

Methods: We identified individuals with undiagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders and biallelic FLVCR1 variants through international data sharing and characterized the functional consequences of their FLVCR1 variants.

Results: We ascertained 30 patients from 23 unrelated families with biallelic FLVCR1 variants and characterized a novel FLVCR1-related phenotype: severe developmental disorders with profound developmental delay, microcephaly …