Digital Commons Network^™

An Examination Of Racial Bias In Scoring The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (Ados) Module 3: An Item Response Theory Analysis, Yuen Yvonne Yu, Austin Wyman, Calliana J Faulk, Lizzy J Fulop, Rebecca L Greenberg, Rachel M Benecke, Lauren K Steinbeck, Jessica Foy, Caitlyn Kim, George O Emory, Eric A Storch, Casey J Zampella, Benjamin E Yerys, Robert T Schultz, Julia Parish-Morris, John D Herrington, Caitlin C Clements

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Given the rising prevalence of autism among racial minority children in the United States, but persistent service use disparities, this study examines potential bias in specific items from the autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS), a highly regarded autism evaluation. We leveraged unidimensional item response theory graded response models and a sample of 735 children to analyze the differential item functioning (DIF) of items within ADOS Module 3. Three items showed significant signs of racial bias: A1 (overall language level), A5 (offers information), and D5 (compulsions and rituals). On these items, Black/African American and Asian children were usually more likely to …

Differential Longitudinal Effects Of Glucose-Lowering Medications On Glucagon And C-Peptide Responses In The Glycemia Reduction Approaches In Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (Grade), Steven E Kahn, Mark Tripputi, John M Lachin, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Mary Ann Banerji, Joshua Barzilay, Robert M Cohen, W Timothy Garvey, Michaela R Gramzinski, Neda Rasouli, Mary Rhee, Jesse C Seegmiller, Vatsala Singh, William I Sivitz, Michael W Steffes, Kristina Utzschneider, Ralph A Defronzo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: To determine the longitudinal effects on α-cell function of four classes of glucose-lowering agents added to metformin in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Research design and methods: In a multicenter, randomized study, 5,047 participants ≥30 years of age with type 2 diabetes taking 1,000-2,000 mg metformin daily, HbA1c 6.8%-8.5%, were randomized to receive insulin glargine U100, glimepiride, liraglutide, or sitagliptin. In a subset of 724 participants, baseline and longitudinal measures of α-cell function were assessed as the fasting glucagon concentration and change in glucagon from fasting to 30 min following oral glucose (glucagon index [GGI]). Whether these measures and …

Functional Genomic Analysis Of Non-Canonical Dna Regulatory Elements Of The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, Shayan Shahriar, Tajhal D Patel, Manjula Nakka, Sandra L Grimm, Cristian Coarfa, Daniel A Gorelick

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor activated by environmental toxicants like halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which then binds to DNA and regulates gene expression. AHR is implicated in numerous physiological processes, including liver and immune function, cell cycle control, oncogenesis, and metabolism. Traditionally, AHR binds a consensus DNA sequence (GCGTG), the xenobiotic response element (XRE), recruits coregulators, and modulates gene expression. Yet, recent evidence suggests AHR can also regulate gene expression via a non-consensus sequence (GGGA), termed the non-consensus XRE (NC-XRE). The prevalence and functional significance of NC-XRE motifs in the genome have remained unclear. …

Ai-Enabled Ecg Analysis Improves Diagnostic Accuracy And Reduces False Stemi Activations: A Multicenter U.S. Registry, Robert Herman, Bryn E Mumma, Jake D Hoyne, Benjamin L Cooper, Nils P Johnson, Timea Kisova, Anthony Demolder, Adam Rafajdus, Andrej Iring, Timotej Palus, Marta Belmonte, Emanuele Barbato, Suzanne J Baron, Robert Hatala, Stephen W Smith, H Pendell Meyers, Scott W Sharkey, Jozef Bartunek, Timothy D Henry

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Timely reperfusion is critical in reducing mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Although electrocardiography-guided cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) activation on the basis of first medical contact recognition improves system-level response, diagnostic uncertainty, particularly in atypical presentations, contributes to false positive activations (FPAs) and reperfusion delays.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance and operational impact of artificial intelligence (AI)-based electrocardiographic (ECG) analysis in real-world STEMI triage across a multicenter U.S. registry.

Methods: A total of 1,032 patients with suspected STEMI who triggered emergent CCL activation at 3 geographically diverse percutaneous coronary intervention centers …

A Universal Of Human Social Cognition: Children From 17 Communities Process Gaze In Similar Ways, Manuel Bohn, Julia Christin Prein, Agnes Ayikoru, Florian M. Bednarski, Ardain Dzabatou, Michael C. Frank, Annette M.E. Henderson, Joan Isabella, Josefine Kalbitz, Patricia Kanngiesser, Dilara Keşşafoğlu, Bahar Köymen, Maira V. Manrique-Hernandez, Shirley Magazi, Lizbeth Mújica-Manrique, Julia Ohlendorf, Damilola Olaoba, Wesley R. Pieters, Sarah Pope-Caldwell, Katie Slocombe, Robert Z. Sparks, Jahnavi Sunderarajan, Wilson Vieira, Zhen Zhang, Yufei Zong, Roman Stengelin, Daniel B.M. Haun

School of Psychology

Theoretical accounts typically assume that key features of human socio-cognitive development are universal. This paper reports a large-scale cross-cultural study (17 communities, diverse ethnicities, N = 1,377, 709 female, mean = 5.50 years, -collected March 2022 to January 2024) on gaze following in early childhood. To test for universality, cognitive processing signatures were derived from a computational model treating gaze following as social vector estimation. Results showed substantial variation between communities and individuals. Yet, the processing signature was found in all communities. Individual differences in performance were related to children's familiarity with the data-collection device but not opportunities for social …

Phase 1b/2 Study Of Bms-813160, A Ccr2/5 Dual Antagonist, In Combination With Chemotherapy Or Nivolumab In Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Or Colorectal Cancer, Dung T. Le, Gunnar Folprecht, Anna M. Varghese, Martin Gutierrez, Marcus Noel, Nikolaos A. Trikalinos, Eric Chen, Farshid Dayyani, S. Lindsey Davis, Wen Wee Ma, Atrayee Basu Mallick, Ignacio Garrido-Laguna, Mayu Osawa, Shaun O'Brien, Ruslan D. Novosiadly, Ke Xu, Danielle M. Greenawalt, Santanu Dutta, Christina Twyman Saint Victor, Heinz-Josef Lenz

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Cysteine-cysteine chemokine receptors 2 (CCR2) and 5 (CCR5) contribute to immune suppression in tumor microenvironments. CCR2 and CCR5 antagonists have demonstrated antitumor activity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), respectively. This phase 1b/2, open-label study evaluated BMS-813160, a CCR2/5 dual antagonist, in combination with chemotherapy±nivolumab in advanced PDAC or metastatic CRC.

METHODS: Part 1 included patients with metastatic untreated (first-line (1L)) PDAC, 1L CRC, or previously treated (second or third line (2/3L)) microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC. Patients received 2 weeks of BMS-813160 monotherapy (300 mg two times a day, 600 mg once daily, 300 mg once …

Phase 1b/2 Study Of Bms-813160, A Ccr2/5 Dual Antagonist, In Combination With Chemotherapy Or Nivolumab In Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Or Colorectal Cancer, Dung T Le, Nikolaos A Trikalinos, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Cysteine-cysteine chemokine receptors 2 (CCR2) and 5 (CCR5) contribute to immune suppression in tumor microenvironments. CCR2 and CCR5 antagonists have demonstrated antitumor activity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), respectively. This phase 1b/2, open-label study evaluated BMS-813160, a CCR2/5 dual antagonist, in combination with chemotherapy±nivolumab in advanced PDAC or metastatic CRC.

METHODS: Part 1 included patients with metastatic untreated (first-line (1L)) PDAC, 1L CRC, or previously treated (second or third line (2/3L)) microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC. Patients received 2 weeks of BMS-813160 monotherapy (300 mg two times a day, 600 mg once daily, 300 mg once …

From Evaluation To Elevation: Standardized Letter Of Evaluation Domains Tied To Future Emergency Medicine Chief Residents, Abagayle Bierowski, Zaid Tayyem, Casey Morrone, Carlos Rodriguez, Chaiya Laoteppitaks, Peter Tomaselli, Dimitrios Papanagnou, Xiao Chi Zhang

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: The Standardized Letter of Evaluation (SLOE) is a core component of emergency medicine (EM) residency applications, designed to assess clinical performance, professionalism, and leadership potential. While its utility in selecting residency candidates is well established, its association with future leadership roles, such as chief resident, remains unclear. Identifying early indicators of leadership potential could inform both recruitment and resident development efforts. In this study we aimed to evaluate whether medical students' SLOEs are associated with subsequent selection as chief residents, offering insight into the SLOE's potential to forecast future leadership within EM.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of …

Maturity-Onset Diabetes Of The Young (Mody) In A Racially/Ethnically Diverse Pediatric Population, Shilpi Relan, Guido Alarcon, Danielle Guffey, Charles G Minard, Mary E Fang, Kelly Timmons, Rona Y Sonabend, Mustafa Tosur, Maria J Redondo, Jennifer E Posey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context: Current practice guidelines recommend considering a diagnosis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) in patients with diabetes with an affected parent but without typical features of type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To test if these criteria apply to a real-world cohort of racially/ethnically diverse children with diabetes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case review of electronic medical records of youth diagnosed with MODY in a large academic pediatric hospital in Southwestern United States. Cases were ascertained based on the identification of a molecular diagnosis of MODY.

Results: We studied 50 genetically confirmed cases of MODY: 60% …

Genomics Define Malignant Transformation In Myeloma Precursor Conditions, Francesco Maura, P Leif Bergsagel, Bachisio Ziccheddu, Shaji Kumar, Kylee Maclachlan, Andriy Derkach, Juan-Jose Garces, Ross Firestone, Esteban Braggio, Yan Asmann, Michael Durante, Benjamin T Diamond, Marios Papadimitriou, Malin Hultcrantz, Alessio Marella, Giancarlo Castellano, Akihiro Maeda, Marta Lionetti, Antonio Matera, Stefania Pioggia, Matteo Claudio Da Vià, Claudio De Magistris, Daniel Leongamornlert, Danny Deavila, Praneeth Reddy Sudalagunta, Rafael Renatino Canevarolo, Erin M Siegel, Phaedra Agius, Jamie Teer, Andrew Mcpherson, Yusuke Yamashita, Ariosto S Silva, Patrick Blaney, Rachid Baz, Krina K Patel, Peter Campbell, Gareth Morgan, Rafael Fonseca, Ola Landgren, Robert Z Orlowski, Kenneth H Shain, Niccolo Bolli, Saad Usmani, S Vincent Rajkumar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Multiple myeloma (MM) is consistently preceded by monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). While these precursor conditions are asymptomatic, they are not entirely benign and carry a lifelong risk of progression to MM. Unlike other cancers defined by pathology, malignant transformation from MGUS or SMM to MM has so far relied on demonstration of clinical end-organ damage as morphology and cytogenetics cannot reliably distinguish them. In this study, using genomic data from 374 patients with MGUS or SMM (277 training, 97 validation), to our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time the ability to identify …

The Itrail Making Test (Itmt): An Evaluation Of Novel Testing Paradigms, Hidden Indices Of Measurement, And Diagnostic Accuracy In Parkinson’S Disease, Donnchadh Murphy, Jonathan Scott, Craig Newman, Rupert Noad

Peninsula Medical School

Introduction: The Trail Making Test (TMT) is an important test when assessing for cognitive difficulties in people with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). However, the pencil-and-paper format can be susceptible to administration and scoring errors and may disproportionately reflect motor impairments rather than cognitive performance. The current study sought to evaluate the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of two novel computerized versions of the TMT: iTMT-Tap and iTMT-Drag. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental diagnostic accuracy design, and included 34 healthy controls, 28 people with Parkinson’s disease with normal cognition (PD-NC), and 31 people with Parkinson’s disease mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). Participants were …

Diet-Responsive Genetic Determinants Of Intestinal Colonization In The Yeast Candida Albicans, Musfirat Shubaita, Mazen Oneissi, Elena Lindemann-Pérez, Cecilia Fadhel Alvarez, Anne-Marie Krachler, Diana M Proctor, J Christian Pérez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dietary components influence microbial composition in the digestive tract. Although often viewed as energy sources, dietary components are likely to shape microbial determinants of intestinal colonization beyond metabolism. Here, we report that a dietary long-chain fatty acid enhances the yeast Candida albicans colonization of the murine gut partly by eliciting modifications to the fungal cell surface. Mice fed an oleic acid-rich diet were readily colonized by C. albicans and exhibited higher fungal load in feces compared with rodents fed an isocaloric control diet. Surprisingly, β-oxidation, a catabolic process to break down fatty acids for energy production, was dispensable for C. …

The Impact Of Skin Tone On Performance Of Pulse Oximeters Used By Nhs England Covid Oximetry @Home Scheme: Measurement And Diagnostic Accuracy Study, Exakt Study Investigators, Daniel S Martin, James C Doidge, Doug Gould, Tasnin Shahid, Alex Cowden, Walton N Charles, Amelia Francis Johnson, Roger Garrett, Catherine Mbema, Olusegun Olusanya, Eugene Healy, Kathryn Rowan, Paul Mouncey, David A Harrison

Peninsula Medical School

OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of skin tone on the measurement and diagnostic accuracy of five fingertip pulse oximeters used by patients in the NHS (National Health Service) England COVID Oximetry @home scheme.

DESIGN: Measurement and diagnostic accuracy study (exploring pulse oximeter accuracy across skin tones-EXAKT).

SETTING: Twenty four intensive care units in England between June 2022 and August 2024.

PARTICIPANTS: 903 critically ill adults admitted to intensive care units screened for or enrolled into a trial evaluating different approaches to oxygen therapy.

INTERVENTIONS: Pulse oximetry derived peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) measurements were compared with paired arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) …

Primate Gut Microbiota Induce Evolutionarily Salient Changes In Mouse Neurodevelopment., Alex R Decasien, Jacob E Aronoff, Elizabeth K Mallott, Sahana Kuthyar, Sriram Chitta, Brian T Layden, Maria L Savo Sardaro, Stanton Gray, Lawrence E Williams, Emma R Liechty, Hyo M Lee, Won Lee, James P Curley, Christopher W Kuzawa, Katherine R Amato

Faculty Research 2026

Multiple primate species, including humans, evolved brains that are exceptionally large relative to their body sizes. These large brains coevolved with metabolic adaptations that enhance cerebral energy supply, including increased circulating glucose levels. While the gut microbiota (GM) is known to influence host metabolism, its potential role in primate brain evolution remains unclear. To investigate this, we inoculated germ-free mice with the GMs of primate species selected to separate the effects of brain size (encephalization) from phylogenetic relatedness: humans (large-brained, Catarrhini), macaques (smaller-brained, Catarrhini), and squirrel monkeys (large-brained, Platyrrhini). We first show that differences in brain gene expression between mice …

Genome-Wide Gene By Sleepiness Interaction Analysis For Sleep Apnea, Pavithra Nagarajan, Nuzulul Kurniansyah, Jiwon Lee, Sina A Gharib, Yushan Xu, Yiyan Zhang, Brian Spitzer, Tariq Faquih, Hufeng Zhou, Eric Boerwinkle, Han Chen, Daniel J Gottlieb, Xiuqing Guo, Nancy L Heard-Costa, Bertha A Hidalgo, Daniel Levy, Peter Y Liu, Hao Mei, Rebecca Montalvan, Sutapa Mukherjee, Kari E North, George T O'Connor, Lyle J Palmer, Sanjay R Patel, Bruce M Psaty, Shaun M Purcell, Laura M Raffield, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, Richa Saxena, Albert V Smith, Katie L Stone, Xiaofeng Zhu, Topmed Sleep Trait Working Group, Brian E Cade, Tamar Sofer, Susan Redline, Heming Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Study objectives: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), influenced by environmental and social-behavioral factors, is reported by a subset of patients with sleep apnea-a group that may be at elevated cardiovascular risk. However, it is unclear whether sleep apnea with and without EDS have distinct genetic underpinnings. In this study, we perform gene-by-EDS interaction analyses for apnea hypopnea index, a diagnostic marker of sleep apnea severity, to understand EDS's influence on its underlying genetic risk.

Methods: Discovery interaction analyses for common variants and gene-based rare variants were conducted respectively using multi-ethnic Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (N = 11 619) data, followed by …

An Integrated Single-Cell And Spatial Transcriptomic Atlas Of Thyroid Cancer Progression Identifies Prognostic Fibroblast Subpopulations, Matthew A Loberg, George J Xu, Sheau-Chiann Chen, Hua-Chang Chen, Claudia C Wahoski, Kailey P Caroland, Megan L Tigue, Heather A Hartmann, Jean-Nicolas Gallant, Courtney J Phifer, Andres A Ocampo, Dayle K Wang, Reilly G Fankhauser, Kirti A Karunakaran, Chia-Chin Wu, Maxime Tarabichi, Sophia M Shaddy, James L Netterville, Sarah L Rohde, Carmen C Solórzano, Lindsay A Bischoff, Naira Baregamian, Barbara A Murphy, Jennifer H Choe, Jennifer R Wang, Eric C Huang, Quanhu Sheng, Luciane T Kagohara, Elizabeth M Jaffee, Ryan H Belcher, Ken S Lau, Fei Ye, Ethan Lee, Vivian L Weiss

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) is characterized by a robust treatment response, aggressive subtypes, such as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), remain highly lethal. To understand thyroid cancer evolution in both children and adults, we analyzed single-cell transcriptomes of 423,733 cells from 81 samples and spatially resolved key tumor and microenvironment populations across 28 tumors with spatial transcriptomics, including rare and unique composite WDTC/ATC tumors and pediatric diffuse sclerosing thyroid carcinomas. Additionally, we identified gene signatures of stromal cell populations in 5 large thyroid cancer bulk RNA-sequencing cohorts. Through this multi-institutional effort, we defined a population of POSTN+ myofibroblast cancer-associated fibroblasts …

Comparison Of Surgery And Medicine On The Impact Of Diverticulitis (Cosmid) Trial: A Protocol For A Pragmatic Randomised Study Of Diverticulitis Treatment In The Usa, Mariam N Hantouli, Robert H Schmicker, Janice E Tufte, Fadwa G Ali, Robert D Bennett, Jessica N Cohan, Bryan A Comstock, Thomas Curran, Giana H Davidson, Samuel Eisenstein, Katherine N Fischkoff, Fergal J Fleming, Irena Gribovskaja-Rupp, Mehraneh Dorna Jafari, Larry G Kessler, Mukta K Krane, Sarah O Lawrence, James T Mccormick, Stefanos G Millas, Arden M Morris, Kelsey M Pullar, Caroline E Reinke, Julia T Saraidaridis, Vlad V Simianu, Suzanne P Watkins, Nicole B White, Elizabeth C Wick, Nicole Wieghard, David R Flum, Thomas E Read

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Each year, millions of people experience recurrent diverticulitis episodes. Elective sigmoid colon resection reduces the risk of recurrence, but The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons recommends individualising surgical decisions based on the impact of the condition on a patient's quality of life (QoL). However, no threshold for QoL impairment has been established to guide decision-making, and evidence comparing elective colectomy with medical management in terms of QoL limitation is limited. To address these gaps and to guide treatment decision-making, we designed the Comparison of Surgery and Medicine on the Impact of Diverticulitis (COSMID) trial.The COSMID trial is …

Sex-Specific Evolutionary Programs Shape Recombination Rate Evolution In House Mice., Lydia K Wooldridge, Micah Pietraho, Peyton Disiena, Sam Littman, Benjamin Clauss, Beth L Dumont

Faculty Research 2026

Recombination rates vary across species, populations, and sexes. House mice (Mus musculus) present a particularly extreme example. Prior studies have established large differences in global recombination rates between M. musculus subspecies and inbred strains, with males exhibiting more extensive variation than females. The observation of sex-limited variation has prompted the hypothesis that male and female recombination rates may evolve by distinct evolutionary mechanisms in M. musculus. Here, we formally evaluate this hypothesis in a phylogenetic framework. We combine cytogenetic estimates of genomic crossover counts with published data to compile a large dataset of sex-specific crossover rate estimates totaling >6,000 single …

The Virtual Kitchen Challenge-Version 2: Validation Of A Digital Assessment Of Everyday Function In Older Adults, Marina Kaplan, Moira Mckniff, Stephanie M. Simone, Molly B. Tassoni, Katherine Hackett, Sophia Holmqvist, Rachel E. Mis, Kimberly Halberstadter, Riya Chaturvedi, Melissa Rosahl, Giuliana Vallecorsa, Mijail Serruya, Deborah A. G. Drabick, Takehiko Yamaguchi, Tania Giovannetti

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Conventional methods of functional assessment include subjective self- or informant report, which may be biased by personal characteristics, cognitive abilities, and lack of standardization (eg, influence of idiosyncratic task demands). Traditional performance-based assessments offer some advantages over self- or informant reports but are time-consuming to administer and score.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Virtual Kitchen Challenge-Version 2 (VKC-2), an objective, standardized, and highly efficient alternative to current functional assessments for older adults across the spectrum of cognitive aging, from preclinical to mild dementia.

METHODS: A total of 236 community-dwelling, diverse older adults …

N-Palmitoyl Glutamine Is A Candidate Mediator Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Jeremy M Robbins, Mark Benson, Anthony R P Verkerke, Gaurav Tiwari, Shuliang Deng, Prashant Rao, Usman A Tahir, Julian Avila-Pacheco, Xu Shi, Yuntian Guan, Foje-Geh Tendoh, Jacob L Barber, Patricia E Miller, Andrew S Perry, Michael E Hall, Alexis C Wood, Kent D Taylor, Wendy S Post, Stephen S Rich, Matthew Nayor, James G Wilson, Gregory D Lewis, Ravi V Shah, Jerome I Rotter, Scott A Summers, Laura M Raffield, Shingo Kajimura, Claude Bouchard, Clary B Clish, Mark A Sarzynski, Robert E Gerszten

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness is an integrative measure of cardiometabolic health and predictor of survival, yet little is known about its molecular underpinnings. Small molecule metabolites and lipids are increasingly recognized as exercise-stimulated signaling molecules and candidate molecular transducers of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Methods: We performed nontargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based plasma metabolomics in 654 participants (mean age, 35 years; 55% women) from the HERITAGE Family Study (Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training, and Genetics) who had cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake [VO2max]) measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing and underwent 20 weeks of supervised endurance training. Metabolite-VO2max relationships were assessed using linear regression …

Predicting Sepsis In Heart Failure Patients Supported By Left Ventricular Assist Devices: The Role Of Ve-Cadherin And Adam10, Shiyi Li, Iván Murrieta-Álvarez, Ismael Garcia, Katherine V Nordick, Rishav Bhattacharya, Shreyo Ghosh, Ronald A Shaju, Adel M Hassan, Carl P Walther, Camila Hochman-Mendez, Alexis E Shafii, Kenneth K Liao, Nandan K Mondal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-Cadherin) is a major endothelial adhesion molecule and can be cleaved explicitly by metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10). Vascular hyperpermeability may contribute to a greater susceptibility to sepsis in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support patients. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of VE-Cadherin and ADAM10 for predicting sepsis in LVAD patients. We prospectively recruited 50 patients with advanced heart failure receiving LVAD therapy. Baseline and weekly postoperative blood samples (weeks 1-4) were collected, and plasma VE-cadherin and ADAM10 levels were measured. Sepsis occurred in 9 of 50 patients (18.0%). Across all sampling points, plasma VE-cadherin and …

Postoperative Lymph Is A Proximal Source Of Ctdna For Detection Of Recurrence In Hpv-Independent Head And Neck Cancer, Seka Lazare, Noah Earland, Peter Harris, Ricardo Ramirez, Benjamin Wahle, Sid Puram, Doug Adkins, Wade Thorstad, Rebecca Chernock, Aadel A Chaudhuri, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Relapse is a major cause of failure in human papillomavirus-independent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Clinicopathologic criteria for adjuvant treatment remain imprecise and have not changed for decades. We investigated whether ctDNA in lymphatic exudate collected via surgical drains ("lymph") 24 hours after surgery identified molecular residual disease (MRD) and compared its performance with time-matched plasma.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Using an ultra-sensitive tumor-informed sequencing approach, tumor variants were called in lymph and plasma to classify patients as ctDNA positive or ctDNA negative, trained in an initial cohort of 36 patients, and replicated in an independent cohort of 37 patients. …

Bio-Adrenomedullin Predicts Death And Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events In Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Cross-Continental Multicenter Study, Maximilian L Müller, Fabian Knebel, Katrin Hahn, Janin Schulte, Birte Arlt, Oliver Hartmann, Kaitlin M S Moore, Seiji Takashio, Yasuhiro Izumiya, Joshua D Mitchell, Kenichi Tsujita, Ulf Landmesser, Bettina Heidecker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Bio-ADM (bioactive adrenomedullin) is a vasoactive peptide hormone that predicts clinical outcomes in heart failure-the main driver of adverse outcomes in cardiac amyloidosis (CA). This prospective observational study sought to assess the prognostic role of bio-ADM in CA.

METHODS: Patients with CA were enrolled from amyloid centers in Germany (observation cohort), Japan, and the United States (combined validation cohort). Bio-ADM was quantified using the sphingotest bio-ADM assay. Associations of bio-ADM with all-cause death and major adverse cardiovascular events over 2 years were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Likelihood ratio chi-square tests for nested models evaluated whether adding …

Deep-Learning Serial Ct Prediction Of Survival In Immunotherapy-Treated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer., Chiharu Sako, Brenda F Kurland, Taly G Schmidt, Jing He, Marius De Groot, Arpan A Patel, Dwight H Owen, Arya Amini, Brendan D Curti, Ronan J Kelly, Ray D Page, Aurelie Swalduz, Jean-Paul Beregi, Jan Chrusciel, Stephane Sanchez, Jakob Weiss, An Liu, Olivier Gevaert, Alma Hart, George R Simon, Ravi B Parikh, Jasper Van Der Aart, Petr Jordan

Oncology Articles

IMPORTANCE: Reliable early response biomarkers for overall survival (OS) are lacking for patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Existing imaging-based measures, such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and tumor volume change (TVC), have limited predictive value for long-term outcomes, and advanced imaging-based biomarkers may enhance decision-making in clinical practice and clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a fully automated deep-learning imaging-based biomarker using pretherapy and 12-week follow-up computed tomography (CT) scans.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prognostic study used retrospectively collected HER data from routine clinical practice (RCP) …

Career Plans Among Graduating Us Emergency Medicine Residents, Dave W. Lu, Bo Gu, D. Mark Courtney, Bryan G. Kane, Michelle D. Lall, Michael Gottlieb, Yvette Calderon, Christopher Bennett

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: The emergency medicine (EM) workforce is undergoing complex change, including a potential projected physician surplus, the volatile and evolving interests of medical students, and the continued high rates of burnout. Understanding the career intentions of graduating residents is critical to inform workforce planning.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the career plans, anticipated career durations, and key factors associated with the career decisions of graduating US EM residents.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional survey study, which sampled graduating residents from all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited categorical EM programs, was conducted after the 2023 American Board of Emergency Medicine In-Training …

White Matter Hyperintensity Burden And Decline In Driving Performance Among Older Adults, Madhur Parihar, Yasheng Chen, Byron Xu, Semere Bekena, Ramkrishna K Singh, Yiqi Zhu, Jean-Francois Trani, Jin-Moo Lee, David B Carr, Chia-Ling Phuah, Ganesh M Babulal, Driving Real-World In-Vehicle Evaluation System (Drives) Project

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: White matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden is associated with cognitive decline, but its association with driving performance among older adults and the associations of modifiable risk factors remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of total and regional WMH burden with longitudinal naturalistic driving performance in cognitively normal older adults and evaluate moderating associations of cognitive decline and antihypertensive therapy.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective longitudinal cohort study enrolled community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) in the Driving Real-World In-Vehicle Evaluation System Project. Baseline 3-T brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and data from continuous in-vehicle driving monitoring were collected …

Career Plans Among Graduating Us Emergency Medicine Residents, Dave W. Lu, Bo Gu, D. Mark Courtney, Bryan G. Kane, Michelle D. Lall, Michael Gottlieb, Yvette Calderon, Christopher Bennett

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: The emergency medicine (EM) workforce is undergoing complex change, including a potential projected physician surplus, the volatile and evolving interests of medical students, and the continued high rates of burnout. Understanding the career intentions of graduating residents is critical to inform workforce planning.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the career plans, anticipated career durations, and key factors associated with the career decisions of graduating US EM residents.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional survey study, which sampled graduating residents from all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited categorical EM programs, was conducted after the 2023 American Board of Emergency Medicine In-Training …

A Flupirtine Benzyl Carbamate Improves Neurocognitive Deficits And Molecular Pathology In The Cln6nclf Mouse, Victoria Chaoul, Omar Shmoury, Ramy Alam, Sara Saab, Joelle Makoukji, Lynn Al Aridi, Nadine J. Makhoul, Jihane Soueid, Angelica V. Carmona, Princess Simeon, Paul C. Trippier, Rose-Mary Boustany

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 6 (CLN6) is a fatal, autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive/motor impairment, vision loss, as well as neuronal loss and gliosis in the brain, and premature death. Onset typically occurs in childhood. No approved pharmacological treatments exist that halt or reverse disease progression. A novel flupirtine benzyl carbamate was orally administered to male and female Cln6^nclf mice from 4 to 28 weeks of age to evaluate its neuroprotective and antispastic effects. Drug treatment produced significant, sex-dependent phenotypic improvements. Treated mice of both sexes exhibited reduced hindlimb spasticity, but only treated males demonstrated diminution in …

Cone Beam Computed Tomography For Endodontics: Incidental Findings And Respective Significance, Erin J Key, Nina K Anderson, Dan Colosi, Mina Mahdian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, distribution, and follow-up recommendations of incidental findings in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans acquired for endodontic treatment.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of limited field-of-view (FOV) CBCT images for endodontic evaluation obtained at the Stony Brook University School of Dental Medicine between 2018 and 2022. All scans were reviewed by 1 oral and maxillofacial radiology (OMR) resident and all incidental findings were corroborated with the radiology report approved by 1 of 2 board-certified OMRs. Data extracted for each case included age, gender, and reason for scan; and …

Early And Sustained Improvements In Sense Of Smell With Tezepelumab Treatment In Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (Waypoint), Joaquim Mullol, Joseph K. Han, Tanya M. Laidlaw, Claire Hopkins, Anju T. Peters, Oliver Pfaar, Martin Desrosiers, Stella E. Lee, Andrew P. Lane, Claudia Chen, Yun Chon, Sandhia S. Ponnarambil, Andrews Foster, Andrew W. Lindsley, Christopher S. Ambrose

Department of Otolaryngology (ENT) Faculty Publications

Background

Loss of smell is a principal symptom of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), affecting health-related quality of life and posing a safety hazard.

Methods

WAYPOINT (NCT04851964), a phase 3, multicenter trial in adults with uncontrolled CRSwNP, randomized patients 1:1 to receive tezepelumab 210 mg or placebo subcutaneously every 4 weeks for 52 weeks. Changes from baseline in biweekly mean Nasal Polyposis Symptom Diary (NPSD) loss of smell item, University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), and 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) loss of smell/taste item scores, as well as anosmia (UPSIT score ≤18) prevalence, were assessed over 52 …