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Effect Of Dietary Aluminum Sulfate On Calcium And Phosphorus Metabolism Of Broiler Chicks, Akmed S. Hussein, Austin H. Cantor, Thomas H. Johnson, Robert A. Yokel

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The effect of dietary aluminum sulfate on Ca and P metabolism was studied using 1-day-oldmale broiler chicks. In Experiment 1, practical diets providing .90% Ca plus .45% available P (P_av), .90% Ca plus .78% P_av, 1.80% Ca plus .45% P_av, or 1.80% Ca plus .90% P_av were fed with 0 or .392% Al as aluminum sulfate for 21 days. The control diet (.90% Caplus .45% P_av) without added A1 was fed to all chicks during Days 22 to 49. In general, Al significantly (Pi), tibia breaking strength, tibia weight, percentage of …

Relationship Of Dietary Aluminum, Phosphorus, And Calcium To Phosphorus And Calcium Metabolism And Growth Performance Of Broiler Chicks, Akmed S. Hussein, Austin H. Cantor, Thomas H. Johnson, Robert A. Yokel

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Dietary treatments providing three levels of added Al (0, .196, or .392%) as aluminum sulfate and of available phosphorus (P_av) (.45, .68, or .78%) in a factorial arrangement were administered to day-old chicks in Experiment 1. Plasma inorganic phosphorus (P_i) was significantly (P < .05) elevated by increasing P_av and was decreased by Al. Body weight gain, feed intake, and the gain:feed ratio at Day 21 were significantly decreased by increased concentrations of Al, but were unaffected by the P_av concentrations. Decreases of 39 and 73% in weight gain and of 34 and 66% in feed intake resulted from feeding …

Susceptibility Of Hepatic Microcirculation To Reperfusion Injury: A Comparison Of Adult And Suckling Rats., Alan M. Yahanda Md, Facs, C N Paidas, M G Clemens

Other Specialties

Primary graft failure and vascular thromboses are frequent complications of liver transplantation, yet the mechanisms responsible remain unclear. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that hepatic reperfusion injury results in damage at the microvessel level. The present study was performed to determine whether an increased susceptibility of immature animals to microvascular injury during reperfusion might be a contributing factor in these complications. Suckling (35 to 50 g) or adult (250 to 400 g) rats were subjected to 30 or 60 minutes of hepatic ischemia to the left and median lobes followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion. Control animals were …

Immunity To Larval Brugia Malayi In Balb/C Mice: Protective Immunity And Inhibition Of Larval Development., D. Abraham, R. B. Grieve, J. M. Holy, B. M. Christensen

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

The objective of this study was to analyze the immune response of mice to the larval stages of Brugia malayi. Male BALB/c mice were inoculated with 3 doses of irradiated third-stage larvae (L-3) of B. malayi and were subsequently challenged with L-3 implanted ip within diffusion chambers. After 3 weeks, larvae were recovered to determine their viability, length, and stage of development. A significant reduction in parasite survival was observed in immunized mice. Furthermore, larvae recovered from immunized mice were significantly shorter than larvae recovered from control mice. All larvae recovered from immunized mice were L-3, whereas 96% of larvae …

Aldosterone Stimulates K Secretion Across Mammalian Colon Independent Of Na Absorption, Gerhard Rechkemmer, Dan R. Halm

Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications

K transport across guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) distal colon was measured in vitro using isotopically determined unidirectional fluxes. Aldosterone stimulated electrogenic Na absorption, as measured by amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current (I_sc), and reduced net K absorption from +2.5 ± 0.2 µEq/cm² per hr to +0.8 ± 0.3 µEq/cm² per hr (mean ± SEM). Amiloride addition to the mucosal solution did not enhance net K absorption, as expected if inhibiting active Na absorption would reduce active K secretion as in the distal nephron. The amiloride-insensitive I_sc was -1.0 ± 0.2 µEq/cm² per hr (mean ± SEM) …

Morphological Changes In Taste Buds Of The Fungiform Papillae After A Single Dose Of X-Ray Irradiation In Rats, R. B. Zain, C. T. Hanks

Pre-2000

The qualitative and quantitative changes occurring in the taste buds of the fungiform papillae of male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 51-125 days old) after x-ray irradiation were studied. A single dose of 2000 Roentgen (R) was delivered and observations were made at 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after x-ray irradiation. The changes in taste bud morphology were interpreted first as degenerative and then as regenerative at various stages of the study. The degenerative process appeared at about the third day and reached a peak at 7 days. Regeneration then began after a further week and the taste buds …

Animal Bite Infections., Joel D. Klein, Md

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Animal bites have become alarmingly common and may represent a quiet epidemic. It is estimated that between 1 and 3.5 million animal bites occur annually in the United States. The highest incidence has consistently been in 5-to-14-year-old schoolchildren, who have greater contact with animals, especially house pets, on a daily basis. This article discusses the epidemiology, microbiology, clinical findings and management of animal bites infections.

Characterization Of Wolbachia Postica Which Causes Hybrid Incompatibility In Alfalfa Weevil, Sy-Jye Christine Leu

Biology

The rickettsia Wolbachia postica is the cause of hybrid incompatibility between males of the western alfalfa weevil and females of eastern or Egyptian weevils. Studies were carried out to obtain information about the biochemical and immunological characteristics of this microorganism. Because of the similarity between rickettsia and mycoplasma under the electron microscope, hybridization of DNA from this microorganism with a mycoplasma-specific gene probe confirmed a previous observation that this microorganism is a rickettsia. A rapid and accurate diagnostic assay for the infection of alfalfa weevils by wolbachia has been accomplished by the production of a polyclonal antibody against Wolbachia postica …

Dual Mechanisms Of Regulation Of Type I Iodothyronine 5'-Deiodinase In The Rat Kidney, Liver, And Thyroid Gland. Implications For The Treatment Of Hyperthyroidism With Radiographic Contrast Agents., Donald L. St Germain

Dartmouth Scholarship

Alterations in thyroid hormone status and the administration of radiographic contrast agents can markedly influence iodothyronine metabolism and, in particular, the activity of type I 5'-deiodinase (5'DI). In the present studies, the mechanisms responsible for these effects have been reassessed. As previously reported, the addition of iopanoic acid (IOP) to broken cell preparations resulted in a competitive pattern of 5'DI inhibition. However, the in vivo administration to rats of IOP or 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3) resulted in a noncompetitive pattern of inhibition of 5'DI in the liver, kidney, and thyroid gland, whereby marked decreases in maximal enzyme velocity (V max) were noted, …

Parentage Analysis With Genetic Markers In Natural Populations I The Expected Proportion Of Offspring With Unambiguous Paternity, R Chakraborty, T R Meagher, P E Smouse

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent studies indicate that polymorphic genetic markers are potentially helpful in resolving genealogical relationships among individuals in a natural population. Genetic data provide opportunities for paternity exclusion when genotypic incompatibilities are observed among individuals, and the present investigation examines the resolving power of genetic markers in unambiguous positive determination of paternity. Under the assumption that the mother for each offspring in a population is unambiguously known, an analytical expression for the fraction of males excluded from paternity is derived for the case where males and females may be derived from two different gene pools. This theoretical formulation can also be …

Regulation By Adrenal Corticosteroids Of Sodium And Potassium Transport In Loop Of Henle And Distal Tubule Of Rat Kidney., Bruce A. Stanton

Dartmouth Scholarship

Studies were conducted to examine the effects of adrenalectomy (ADX) and selective, physiological adrenal corticosteroid replacement on sodium and potassium transport by the superficial loop of Henle and distal tubule of rat kidney in vivo. In the loop of Henle, ADX inhibited sodium reabsorption by 33%. Whereas dexamethasone had no effect on reabsorption, aldosterone increased sodium transport to control levels. Thus, physiological levels of mineralocorticoids, but not glucocorticoids, control a fraction of sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle. ADX also inhibited potassium reabsorption in the loop of Henle. Both dexamethasone and aldosterone reversed the inhibition, although only aldosterone increased …

Comparative Study Of Pituitary-Thyroid Hormone Economy In Fasting And Hypothyroid Rats., Donald L. St Germain, Valerie A. Galton

Dartmouth Scholarship

Starvation in laboratory rodents results in significant alterations in thyroid hormone economy characterized by decreased circulating levels of thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and a decline in serum thyrotropin (TSH) concentration. To investigate this apparent paradox, we have compared in fasted and hypothyroid animals the intracellular parameters mediating thyroid hormone action in the anterior pituitary gland. In vitro saturation analysis combined with quantitation of nuclear T3 content by radioimmunoassay allowed for characterization of pituitary nuclear T3 receptors and estimation of the endogenous fractional receptor occupancy. In rats, thyroidectomized 4 wk earlier, the 10-fold increase in serum TSH levels and decline …

Ms079: Imarch 1985 Biography Information- Mylie E. Durham Jr., Md, Mylie E. Durham Jr (1919-1991)

Mylie E. Durham, Jr., MD Papers

These documents are biographical information in relations to early life, education, and professional activities. See more at Mylie E. Durham, Jr., MD Papersand its finding aid.

Ms079: Iharris County Medical Society Ellen Durckel Interviewing Dr. Mylie E. Durham, Jr. (Continued), Mylie E. Durham Jr (1919-1991)

Mylie E. Durham, Jr., MD Papers

In this Q&A, he discusses his early career, his medical focuses on military history, second marriage, his work in Houston, his relationship with George Herman, and how the medical field has become colder and more professional before. See more at Mylie E. Durham, Jr., MD Papersand its finding aid.

An Experimental Study Of The Longest Tolerable Time Of The Total Portal Triad Occlusion In Normothermia In Rabbit, X P Chen, Z D Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Inhibition Of Gluconeogenesis And Glycogenolysis By 2,5-Anhydro-D-Mannitol, R L Hanson, R S Ho, J J Wiseberg, R Simpson, E S Younathan, J B Blair

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Competition Between Hydrocarbon And Barbiturate For Spectral Binding To Hepatic Cytochrome P ≃ 450. Inferences Concerning Spin State Of The Enzyme, W. L. Backes, M Means, W. J. Canady

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Iron And The Liver: Acute Effects Of Iron-Loading On Hepatic Heme Synthesis Of Rats. Role Of Decreased Activity Of 5-Aminolevulinate Dehydrase., H L. Bonkowsky, J F. Healey, P R. Sinclair, J F. Sinclair, S I. Shedlofsky, G H. Elder

Dartmouth Scholarship

Acute iron loading of rats, by intraperitoneal administration of iron-dextran (500 mg Fe/kg body wt 18-20 h before killing) decreased by 30% the rate of conversion of 5-amino-[14C]levulinate ([14C]ALA) into heme as measured with a recently described procedure for liver homogenates (1981. Biochem. J. 198: 595-604). The decrease in conversion of labeled ALA into heme caused by iron loading was shown to be due to a 70-80% decrease in activity of ALA dehydrase. The decrease in activity of ALA dehydrase caused by iron loading was not associated with a decrease in hepatic concentrations of GSH, nor could it be reversed …

Genetically Controlled Variation Of “Acid” Beta-Galactosidase Detected In Rattus Norvegicus By Isoelectric Focusing, T C Douglas, K A Kimmel, P E Dawson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Two genetically variant forms of rat "acid" beta-galactosidase were found to differ in isoelectric point and pH dependence, but not in thermostability or sensitivity to inhibition by p-mercuribenzoate (PMB). The results of two backcrosses and an intercross indicated that the isoelectric focusing phenotypes are controlled by two codominant alleles at a single autosomal locus, for which we propose the name Glb-1. No significant linkage between Glb-1 and albino (LG I), brown (LG II), or hooded (LG VI) was observed. Strain-specific differences in total levels of kidney beta-galactosidase were detected, but it is not yet known whether the variation is controlled …

Rat Dendritic Cells Function As Accessory Cells And Control The Production Of A Soluble Factor Required For Mitogenic Responses Of T Lymphocytes., Wolfgang E. Klinkert, Jon H. Labadie, James P. O'Brien, Carl F. Beyer, William E. Bowers

Dartmouth Scholarship

Transformation of T lymphocytes, induced by treatment with periodate or with neuraminidase plus galactose oxidase, requires the participation of accessory cells. Procedures were developed for the fractionation of rat lymph node cells, by which most of the lymphocytes can be recovered as a major population of cells that do not respond to mitogenic stimulation unless accessory cells from a separated minor population are added. Further purification led to a 1000-fold overall increase in accessory activity per cell, with a 50-70% yield. The purest preparations were virtually free of macrophages and contained more than 90% typical dendritic cells. Maximum responses occurred …

Cellular Action Of Vasopressin In Medullary Tubules Of Mice With Hereditary Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus, Brian A. Jackson, Richard M. Edwards, Heinz Valtin, Thomas P. Dousa

Dartmouth Scholarship

Our previous studies (1974. J. Clin. Invest.54: 753-762.) suggested that impaired metabolism of cyclic AMP (cAMP) may be involved in the renal unresponsiveness to vasopressin (VP) in mice with hereditary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). To localize such a defect to specific segments of the nephron, we studied the activities of VP-sensitive adenylate cyclase, cAMP phosphodiesterase (cAMP-PDIE), as well as accumulation of cAMP in medullary collecting tubules (MCT) and in medullary thick ascending limbs of Henle's loop (MAL) microdissected from control mice with normal concentrating ability and from mice with hereditary NDI.

Adenylate cyclase activity stimulated by VP or by …

Three Linked Enzyme Loci In Fishes: Implications In The Evolution Of Vertebrate Chromosomes, D C Morizot, D A Wright, M J Siciliano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A three-point linkage group comprised of loci coding for adenosine deaminase (ADA), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) is described in fish of the genus Xiphophorus (Poeciliidae). The alleles at loci in this group were shown to assort independently from the alleles at three other loci--isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1. Alleles at the latter three loci also assort independently from each other. Data were obtained by observing the segregation of electrophoretically variant alleles in reciprocal backcross hybrids derived from crosses between either X. helleri guentheri or X. h. strigatus and X. maculatus. The linkage component …

The Effects Of Crowding On The Dominance Behavior Of Laboratory Rats As Assessed By Three Measures Of Dominance, Barbara C. Worthington

Master's Theses

The present study was designed to assess behavioral changes in social dominance, which may accompany or be affected by short term crowding and any adrenal enlargement which may be a concomitant of crowding. To avoid methodological inaccuracy and further establish whether different measures of dominance would accrue the same results a multimethod approach suggested by Howells and Kise (1974) was employed. · Additionally sequence of test presentation was considered and both male and female subjects were used to determine if the measures differentially discriminated between the sexes.

This experiment as designed to evaluate the effects of crowding (independent variable) on …

Relationship Of The Self-Concept To Selected Measures Of Performance Among Male Navajo Students At Intermountain School, Melvern Eugene Graham

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The relationship of various measures of high school performance and a measure of the self-concept were examined for the 1970-71 senior male students at Intermountain School, Brigham City, Utah. Some significant correlations were found.

Their junior year vocational training grade and grade point average were found to be significantly correlated to their self-definition score, as ere all but one of the teachers' subjective evaluations.

General aptitude, reading ability, previous years at Intermountain, and class grouping were not found to show any significant correlation with the self-definition test score. Age was found to be correlated at the .01 level with the …

The Parenchymal Cells Of The Rat Pineal Gland, E Tapp, M Blumfield

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare hematologic disorder with improved survival due to advancements in treatment. However, long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality remain significant. Established cardiovascular risk calculators, such as the 2008 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) global cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk estimators, may not adequately account for the elevated and unique cardiovascular risks in iTTP survivors.

Objectives: To evaluate the discrimination and calibration of the ACC/AHA ASCVD and FHS global CVD models in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among iTTP survivors.

Methods: This retrospective …

The Biblical View Of The Sexual Polarity, Ralph Gehrke

Concordia Theological Monthly

The Bible contains a vast amount of information on the topic of sexuality. We can come to grips with its significant features by concentrating on the two great "breakthroughs” which have resulted in the distinctly Biblical views that believers have expressed about the sexual polarity of male and female. Such an approach calls for consideration, first, of that decisive turning point in Old Testament times when Yahwism "demythed" the sexual realm and set up what one might call a creaturely or a creation view of the polarity of male and female. Second, we must consider the breakthrough which occurred at …

Artificial Insemination Of Turkeys, H. L. Wiegers

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

Artificial insemination should be used for turkeys when results from natural matings are unsatisfactory. There is no hard and fast fertility rule to follow and each breeder will have his own basis of appraisal for the different varieties of turkeys. But one can say that when fertility drops below 65 per cent it is time to take action.

Notes On The Hypogaeic Ant, Proceratium Silaceum Roger, Clarence Hamilton Kennedy

Faculty Scholarship

Excerpt:

To complete the technical description of the species we give first a description of the male, which to date has remained undescribed.