Digital Commons Network^™

Maturation Of Germinal Center B Cells After Influenza Virus Vaccination In Humans, Katherine M Mcintire, Wooseob Kim, Sameer Kumar Malladi, Bassem M Mohammed, Julian Q Zhou, Aaron J Schmitz, Teresa Suessen, William D Middleton, Sharlene A Teefey, Rachel M Presti, Jackson S Turner, Ali H. Ellebedy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Germinal centers (GC) are microanatomical lymphoid structures where affinity-matured memory B cells and long-lived bone marrow plasma cells are primarily generated. It is unclear how the maturation of B cells within the GC impacts the breadth and durability of B cell responses to influenza vaccination in humans. We used fine needle aspiration of draining lymph nodes to longitudinally track antigen-specific GC B cell responses to seasonal influenza vaccination. Antigen-specific GC B cells persisted for at least 13 wk after vaccination in two out of seven individuals. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) derived from persisting GC B cell clones exhibit enhanced binding affinity …

A Human Stat3 Gain-Of-Function Variant Drives Local Th17 Dysregulation And Skin Inflammation In Mice, Kelsey A Toth, Erica G Schmitt, Ana Kolicheski, Zev J Greenberg, Elizabeth Levendosky, Nermina Saucier, Kelsey Trammel, Vasileios Oikonomou, Michail S Lionakis, Eynav Klechevsky, Brian S Kim, Laura G Schuettpelz, Naresha Saligrama, Megan A Cooper

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Germline gain-of-function (GOF) variants in STAT3 cause an inborn error of immunity associated with early-onset poly-autoimmunity and immune dysregulation. To study tissue-specific immune dysregulation, we used a mouse model carrying a missense variant (p.G421R) that causes human disease. We observed spontaneous and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced skin inflammation associated with cell-intrinsic local Th17 responses in STAT3 GOF mice. CD4+ T cells were sufficient to drive skin inflammation and showed increased Il22 expression in expanded clones. Certain aspects of disease, including increased epidermal thickness, also required the presence of STAT3 GOF in epithelial cells. Treatment with a JAK inhibitor improved skin disease without …

Dihydrothiazolo Ring-Fused 2-Pyridone Antimicrobial Compounds Streptococcus Pyogenes Skin And Soft Tissue Infection, Zongsen Zou, Pardeep Singh, Jerome S Pinkner, Chloe L P Obernuefemann, Wei Xu, Taylor M Nye, Karen W Dodson, Fredrik Almqvist, Scott J Hultgren, Michael G Caparon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We have developed GmPcides from a peptidomimetic dihydrothiazolo ring-fused 2-pyridone scaffold that has antimicrobial activities against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive pathogens. Here, we examine the treatment efficacy of GmPcides using skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) and biofilm formation models by

Plasma Galectin-9 Relates To Cognitive Performance And Inflammation Among Adolescents With Vertically Acquired Hiv, Preeti Moar, Soe Mar, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV (AWH) are at an increased risk of poor cognitive development yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Circulating galectin-9 (Gal-9) has been associated with increased inflammation and multimorbidity in adults with HIV despite antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, the relationship between Gal-9 in AWH and cognition remain unexplored.

DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of two independent age-matched cohorts from India [AWH on ART ( n  = 15), ART-naive ( n  = 15), and adolescents without HIV (AWOH; n  = 10)] and Myanmar [AWH on ART ( n  = 54) and AWOH ( n  = 22)] were studied. …

Population Pharmacokinetic Modelling And Simulation Of Tranexamic Acid In Adult Trauma Patients, Gideon Stitt, Philip C Spinella, Grant V Bochicchio, Ian Roberts, Kevin J Downes, Athena F Zuppa

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS: The aim of this study is to describe the disposition of tranexamic acid (TXA) in adult trauma patients and derive a dosing regimen that optimizes exposure based on a predefined exposure target.

METHODS: We performed a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) analysis of participants enrolled in the Tranexamic Acid Mechanisms and Pharmacokinetics in Traumatic Injury (TAMPITI) trial (≥18 years with traumatic injury, given ≥1 blood product and/or requiring immediate transfer to the operating room) who were randomized to a single dose of either 2 or 4 g of TXA ≤2 h from time of injury. PopPK analysis was conducted using nonlinear …

Ai-Driven Deep Learning Techniques In Protein Structure Prediction, Lingtao Chen, Qiaomu Li, Kazi Fahim Ahmad Nasif, Ying Xie, Bobin Deng, Shuteng Niu, Seyedamin Pouriyeh, Zhiyu Dai, Jiawei Chen, Chloe Yixin Xie

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Protein structure prediction is important for understanding their function and behavior. This review study presents a comprehensive review of the computational models used in predicting protein structure. It covers the progression from established protein modeling to state-of-the-art artificial intelligence (AI) frameworks. The paper will start with a brief introduction to protein structures, protein modeling, and AI. The section on established protein modeling will discuss homology modeling, ab initio modeling, and threading. The next section is deep learning-based models. It introduces some state-of-the-art AI models, such as AlphaFold (AlphaFold, AlphaFold2, AlphaFold3), RoseTTAFold, ProteinBERT, etc. This section also discusses how AI techniques …

Opportunities To Improve Antibiotic Prescribing For Adults With Acute Sinusitis, United States, 2016–2020, Axel A Vazquez Deida, Destani J Bizune, Christine Kim, John M Sahrmann, Guillermo V Sanchez, Adam L Hersh, Anne M Butler, Lauri A Hicks, Sarah Kabbani

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Better understanding differences associated with antibiotic prescribing for acute sinusitis can help inform antibiotic stewardship strategies. We characterized antibiotic prescribing patterns for acute sinusitis among commercially insured adults and explored differences by patient- and prescriber-level factors.

METHODS: Outpatient encounters among adults aged 18 to 64 years diagnosed with sinusitis between 2016 and 2020 were identified by national administrative claims data. We classified antibiotic agents-first-line (amoxicillin-clavulanate or amoxicillin) and second-line (doxycycline, levofloxacin, or moxifloxacin)-and ≤7-day durations as guideline concordant based on clinical practice guidelines. Modified Poisson regression was used to examine the association between patient- and prescriber-level factors and guideline-concordant …

Eliciting Clinician Perspectives On Asymptomatic Bacteriuria To Identify Targets For Antimicrobial Stewardship Education And Decision Support, Michael J Durkin, Viktoria Schmitz, Kevin Hsueh, Katheryn Ney, Mary C Politi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to elicit clinicians' perspectives to help reduce antibiotic prescribing for asymptomatic bacteriuria and improve a patient-centered educational brochure for older adults with urinary tract infections or asymptomatic bacteriuria.

METHODS: Between October 2023 and April 2024, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews of clinicians who treat patients aged ≥65 years for urinary tract infections or bacteria in the urine, at infectious disease clinics, community senior living facilities, memory care clinics, and general practice. We developed an interview guide based on a behavior change framework and thematically analyzed written transcripts of audio-recorded interviews using inductive and …

Gemykibivirus Detection In Acute Encephalitis Patients From Nepal, Eans Tara Tuladhar, Smita Shrestha, Susan Vernon, Lindsay Droit, Kathie A Mihindukulasuriya, Mamta Tamang, Lata Karki, Annie Elong Ngono, Bimlesh Jha, Bal Krishna Awal, Bimal Sharma Chalise, Runa Jha, Sujan Shresta, David Wang, Krishna Das Manandhar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Nepal, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) accounts for ~5-20% of AES cases, but ~75% of AES cases are of unknown etiology. We identified a gemykibivirus in CSF collected in 2020 from an 8-year-old male patient with AES using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Gemykibiviruses are single stranded, circular DNA viruses in the family

IMPORTANCE: Viral encephalitis is a devastating disease, but unfortunately, worldwide, the causative virus in many cases is unknown. Therefore, it is important to identify viruses that could be responsible for cases of human encephalitis. Here, using metagenomic sequencing …

Estimating The Potential Value Of Msm-Focused Evidence-Based Implementation Interventions In Three Ending The Hiv Epidemic Jurisdictions In The United States: A Model-Based Analysis, Benjamin Enns, Elvin H Geng, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Improving the delivery of existing evidence-based interventions to prevent and diagnose HIV is key to Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States. Structural barriers in the access and delivery of related health services require municipal or state-level policy changes; however, suboptimal implementation can be addressed directly through interventions designed to improve the reach, effectiveness, adoption or maintenance of available interventions. Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness and potential epidemiological impact of six real-world implementation interventions designed to address these barriers and increase the scale of delivery of interventions for HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in three …

Implementation Strategies To Improve Hiv Care Cascade Outcomes In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review From 2014 To 2021, Sita Lujintanon, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Noelle Le Tourneau, Laura Beres, Sheree Schwartz, Stefan Baral, Ryan Thompson, Ashley Underwood, Branson Fox, Elvin H Geng, Christopher G Kemp

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic and manage limited resources, optimized implementation strategies are needed to enhance the efficiency of the HIV response. Assessing strategy usage to date could identify research gaps and inform future implementation efforts. We conducted a systematic review to describe the features and distributions of published implementation strategies attempting to improve HIV treatment service delivery and outcomes.

METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL and screened abstracts and full texts published between 1 January 2014 and 27 August 2021, for English-language studies conducted in LMICs that described …

Diagnostic Efficacy And Clinical Impact Of Image-Guided Core Needle Biopsy Of Suspected Vertebral Osteomyelitis, Winston L Winkler, Ige A George, Sumanth Gandra, Jonathan C Baker, Anderanik Tomasian, Benjamin Northrup, Theodore L Vander Velde, Travis J Hillen, Chongliang Luo, Resten Imaoka, Gino M Dettorre, Jack W Jennings

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: The diagnostic yield and clinical impact of image-guided core needle biopsy (ICNB) of suspected vertebral osteomyelitis in adults is heterogenous in published studies owing to small sample sizes, indicating the need for large cohort studies.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of ICNBs was performed from 2010 to 2021 for patients with imaging findings consistent with vertebral osteomyelitis. For each biopsy, a series of factors were analyzed, as well as if histopathology was diagnostic of osteomyelitis and if microbiological cultures were positive. In addition, it was recorded in what way biopsy influenced clinical management regarding antimicrobial treatment. A multivariate statistical analysis …

Clinical Mycology Today: Emerging Challenges And Opportunities, Jessica Little, Adriana M Rauseo, Julio C Zuniga-Moya, Andrej Spec, Peter Pappas, John Perfect, Todd Mccarthy, Ilan S Schwartz

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium is a collective of clinicians, researchers, and educators with the common goal to advance awareness, diagnosis, and management of invasive fungal diseases. Clinical Mycology Today, the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium's biennial meeting, is dedicated to discussing the most pressing contemporary issues facing the field of clinical mycology, promoting clinical, translational, and basic science collaborations, and mentoring the next generation of clinical mycologists. Here, we review the current opportunities and challenges facing the field of mycology that arose from discussions at the 2022 meeting, with emphasis on novel host risk …

Clinical Prediction For Surgical Versus Nonsurgical Interventions In Patients With Vertebral Osteomyelitis And Discitis, Jennifer Lee, Miguel A. Ruiz-Cardozo, Rujvee P. Patel, Saad Javeed, Raj Swaroop Lavadi, Catherine Newsom-Stewart, Anton Alyakin, Camilo A. Molina, Nitin Agarwal, Wilson Z. Ray, Michele Santacatterina, Brenton H. Pennicooke

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Vertebral osteomyelitis and discitis (VOD), an infection of intervertebral discs, often requires spine surgical intervention and timely management to prevent adverse outcomes. Our study aims to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict the indication for surgical intervention (during the same hospital stay) versus nonsurgical management in patients with VOD.

METHODS: This retrospective study included adult patients (≥18 years) with VOD (ICD-10 diagnosis codes M46.2,3,4,5) treated at a single institution between 01/01/2015 and 12/31/2019. The primary outcome studied was surgery. Candidate predictors were age, sex, race, Elixhauser comorbidity index, first-recorded lab values, first-recorded vital signs, and admit diagnosis. …

Advanced Hiv Disease And Associated Factors Among Young People Aged 15-24 Years At A Tertiary Hospital In Sierra Leone: A Cross-Sectional Study, Mamadu Baldeh, Samuel Kizito, Sulaiman Lakoh, Daniel Sesay, Samuel Adeyemi Williams, Umu Barrie, Frida Dennis, Dimbintsoa Rakotomalala Robinson, Franck Lamontagne, Franck Amahowe, Patrick Turay, Ozge Sensoy Bahar, Elvin Geng, Fred M Ssewamala

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Advanced HIV disease (AHD) in young people living with HIV (PLHIV) is an increasingly pressing public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite global progress in early HIV testing and reducing HIV-related deaths, many youths experience increased rates of HIV disease progression in sub-Saharan Africa. This study describes the burden, clinical manifestations, and factors for disease progression among young PLHIV aged 15 - 24 years seeking medical services at a major public hospital in Sierra Leone.

METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of routinely collected data for PLHIV patients aged 15 to 24 seen at Connaught Hospital in Sierra Leone …

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase 3 Safety And Efficacy Study Of Ridinilazole Versus Vancomycin For Treatment Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection: Clinical Outcomes With Microbiome And Metabolome Correlates Of Response, Pablo C Okhuysen, Erik R Dubberke, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Exposure to antibiotics predisposes to dysbiosis and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) that can be severe, recurrent (rCDI), and life-threatening. Nonselective drugs that treat CDI and perpetuate dysbiosis are associated with rCDI, in part due to loss of microbiome-derived secondary bile acid (SBA) production. Ridinilazole is a highly selective drug designed to treat CDI and prevent rCDI.

METHODS: In this phase 3 superiority trial, adults with CDI, confirmed with a stool toxin test, were randomized to receive 10 days of ridinilazole (200 mg twice daily) or vancomycin (125 mg 4 times daily). The primary endpoint was sustained clinical response (SCR), …

Secure Messaging And Telephone Use For Clinician-To-Clinician Communication, Sunny S Lou, Daphne Lew, Laura R Baratta, Elise Eiden, Christine A Sinsky, Thomas Kannampallil

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Late-Season Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Medically Attended Outpatient Illness, United States, December 2022-April 2023, Jessie R Chung, Stacey L House, Tara Curley, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The 2022-23 US influenza season peaked early in fall 2022.

METHODS: Late-season influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against outpatient, laboratory-confirmed influenza was calculated among participants of the US Influenza VE Network using a test-negative design.

RESULTS: Of 2561 participants enrolled from December 12, 2022 to April 30, 2023, 91 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases primarily had A(H1N1)pdm09 (6B.1A.5a.2a.1) or A(H3N2) (3C.2a1b.2a.2b). Overall, VE was 30% (95% confidence interval -9%, 54%); low late-season activity precluded estimation for most subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS: 2022-23 late-season outpatient influenza VE was not statistically significant. Genomic characterization may improve the identification of influenza viruses that circulate postinfluenza peak.

Variation In North American Infectious Disease Specialists' Practice Regarding Oral And Suppressive Antibiotics For Adult Osteoarticular Infections: Results Of An Emerging Infections Network (Ein) Survey, Nicolás Cortés-Penfield, Susan E Beekmann, Philip M Polgreen, Keenan Ryan, Jonas Marschall, Poorani Sekar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Osteoarticular infections (OAIs) are commonly treated with prolonged intravenous (IV) antimicrobials. The Oral versus Intravenous Antibiotics for Bone and Joint Infection (OVIVA) trial demonstrated that oral (PO) antibiotics are noninferior to IV antibiotics in the treatment of OAIs. We surveyed infectious disease (ID) physicians about their use of PO antibiotics in the treatment of OAIs.

METHODS: An Emerging Infection Network survey with 9 questions regarding antibiotic prescribing for the treatment of OAIs was sent to 1475 North American ID physicians. The questions were mostly multiple choice and focused on the use of definitive oral antibiotic therapy (defined as oral …

Infectious Diseases Physician Management Of Cryptococcal Meningitis In North America-Is Single High-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B Being Used?, Nathan C Bahr, Susan E Beekmann, Philip M Polgreen, Jeremey B Walker, Andrej Spec, David R Boulware, John W Baddley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Several recent randomized trials have been conducted in resource-limited settings for cryptococcal meningitis that have rapidly innovated international guidelines. The 2010 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) cryptococcal meningitis guideline has not been updated with recent trials. The 2022 AMBITION-cm trial found that a single 10-mg/kg dose of liposomal amphotericin B plus daily flucytosine and fluconazole for 2 weeks was noninferior to 1 week of amphotericin B deoxycholate with flucytosine. It is unknown whether physicians in high-resource settings are using this regimen or more traditional regimens.

METHODS: We developed an electronic survey in June 2023 to better understand whether …

Shared Vision For Improving Outcomes For Serious Fungal Diseases: Report Of A Patient, Caregiver, And Clinician Summit, Rob Purdie, Lisa A Tushla, Jonathan Ferretti, Gonzalo Kiko Castro, Ricky Watson, Thomas Davis, Brianna Raborg, Patrick B Mazi, Angela Stroman, Carolynn Thomas Jones, Thomas J Walsh, Tom M Chiller, Peter G Pappas, John Meyer, Andrej Spec

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Recently, increasing focus on patient input into research and healthcare improvements has fostered expanded patient-centered advocacy efforts. This first pan-fungal disease summit, part of the MYCology Advocacy, Research, & Education effort, brought together patients, caregivers, and mycology experts to better document patient experiences with invasive fungal disease (IFD) and establish priorities for mycology education, advocacy, and research.

METHODS: Patients who had suffered from IFD, their caregivers, clinicians, industry representatives, government officials, and patient advocacy professionals were invited. Patients and caregivers shared their stories and struggles with IFD. Breakout sessions separated mycology experts from patients and caregivers for further discussions …

Gilteritinib As Post-Transplant Maintenance For Aml With Internal Tandem Duplication Mutation Of Flt3, Mark J Levis, Geoffrey L Uy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) improves outcomes for patients with AML harboring an internal tandem duplication mutation of

METHODS: Adults with

RESULTS: Three hundred fifty-six participants were randomly assigned post-HCT to receive gilteritinib or placebo. Although RFS was higher in the gilteritinib arm, the difference was not statistically significant (hazard ratio [HR], 0.679 [95% CI, 0.459 to 1.005]; two-sided

CONCLUSION: Although the overall improvement in RFS was not statistically significant, RFS was higher for participants with detectable

Mv140 Mucosal Vaccine Induces Targeted Immune Response For Enhanced Clearance Of Uropathogenic E. Coli In Experimental Urinary Tract Infection, Paula Saz-Leal, Marianne Morris Ligon, Carmen María Diez-Rivero, Diego García-Ayuso, Soumitra Mohanty, Marcos Viñuela, Irene Real-Arévalo, Laura Conejero, Annelie Brauner, José Luis Subiza, Indira Uppugunduri Mysorekar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

MV140 is an inactivated whole-cell bacterial mucosal vaccine with proven clinical efficacy against recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). These infections are primarily caused by uropathogenic

Assessment Of The Characteristics Of Covid-19 Infection Among Healthcare Personnel Working In Long-Term Care Facilities, Armaghan-E-Rehman Mansoor, Caroline A O'Neil, David Mcdonald, Victoria J Fraser, Hilary M Babcock, Jennie H Kwon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Between May and June 2021, healthcare personnel at two long-term care facilities underwent SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin G testing and completed a survey on COVID-19 exposures and symptoms. Antibody positivity rate was 8.9%. Similar rates of COVID-19 exposure occurred in non-occupational and occupational settings, with high self-reported adherence to workplace infection prevention practices.

Does Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Affect Fluid Resuscitation Volume In Patients With Septic Shock: A Retrospective Review, Enyo A Ablordeppey, Amy Zhao, Jeffery Ruggeri, Ahmad Hassan, Laura Wallace, Mansi Agarwal, Sean P Stickles, Christopher Holthaus, Daniel Theodoro

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Fixed, large volume resuscitation with intravenous fluids (IVFs) in septic shock can cause inadvertent hypervolemia, increased medical interventions, and death when unguided by point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS). The primary study objective was to evaluate whether total IVF volume differs for emergency department (ED) septic shock patients receiving POCUS versus no POCUS.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study from 7/1/2018 to 8/31/2021 of atraumatic adult ED patients with septic shock. We agreed upon

RESULTS: 304 patients met criteria and 26% (78/304) underwent POCUS. Cardiac POCUS demonstrated reduced ejection fraction in 15.4% of patients. Lung ultrasound showed normal findings in …

Global Prevalence Of Aspirin Use For Primary Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study Of Nationally Representative, Individual-Level Data, Sang Gune K Yoo, Mark D Huffman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Interferons And Tuft Cell Numbers Are Bottlenecks For Persistent Murine Norovirus Infection, Somya Aggarwal, Forrest C. Walker, James S. Weagley, Broc T. Mccune, Xiaofen Wu, Lawrence A. Schriefer, Heyde Makimaa, Dylan Lawrence, Pratyush Sridhar, Megan T. Baldridge

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Noroviruses (NoVs) are a leading cause of viral gastroenteritis. Despite global clinical relevance, our understanding of how host factors, such as antiviral cytokines interferons (IFNs), modulate NoV population dynamics is limited. Murine NoV (MNoV) is a tractable in vivo model for the study of host regulation of NoV. A persistent strain of MNoV, CR6, establishes a reservoir in intestinal tuft cells for chronic viral shedding in stool. However, the influence of host innate immunity and permissive cell numbers on viral population dynamics is an open question. We generated a pool of 20 different barcoded viruses (CR6BC) by inserting 6-nucleotide barcodes …

Gut Microbiome Correlates Of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection: A Longitudinal, Multi-Center Study, Joohee Choi, Robert Thänert, Kimberly A Reske, Katelin B Nickel, Margaret A Olsen, Tiffany Hink, Anna Thänert, Meghan A Wallace, Bin Wang, Candice Cass, Margaret H Barlet, Emily L Struttmann, Zainab Hassan Iqbal, Steven R Sax, Victoria J Fraser, Carey-Ann D Burnham, Erik R Dubberke, Gautam Dantas, Jennie H Kwon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTI) affect approximately 250 million people annually worldwide. Patients often experience a cycle of antimicrobial treatment and recurrent UTI (rUTI) that is thought to be facilitated by a gut reservoir of uropathogenic

METHODS: 125 patients with UTI caused by an antibiotic-resistant organism (ARO) were enrolled from July 2016 to May 2019 in a longitudinal, multi-center cohort study. Multivariate statistical models were used to assess the relationship between uropathogen colonization and recurrent UTI (rUTI), controlling for clinical characteristics. 644 stool samples and 895 UPEC isolates were interrogated for taxonomic composition, antimicrobial resistance genes, and phenotypic resistance. Cohort …

Assessment Of Illness Severity In Adults Hospitalized With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection Due To Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Or Human Metapneumovirus, Ann R Falsey, Edward E Walsh, Stacey L House, Yannick Vandendijck, Marita Stevens, Eric K H Chan, Gabriela Ispas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are common respiratory viruses causing similar symptoms. Optimal tools to assess illness severity for these viruses have not been defined. Using the Hospitalized Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (HARTI) study data, we report symptom severity by clinician-rated clinical severity scores (CSS) in adults with influenza, RSV, or hMPV and correlations between CSS and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

METHODS: HARTI was a global epidemiologic study in adults hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections. Patients were assessed at enrollment within 24 h of admission with CSS and twice during hospitalization with CSS, Respiratory Infection …

Person-Centred Interventions To Improve Patient-Provider Relationships For Hiv Services In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review, Laura K Beres, Ashley Underwood, Noelle Le Tourneau, Christopher Galloway Kemp, Gauri Kore, Lauren Yaeger, Jingjia Li, Alec Aaron, Claire Keene, Deepthi Priyanka Mallela, Banda A A Khalifa, Aaloke Mody, Sheree Renae Schwartz, Stefan Baral, Chanda Mwamba, Kombatende Sikombe, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Elvin H Geng, Marie-Claude C Lavoie

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Person-centred care (PCC) has been recognized as a critical element in delivering quality and responsive health services. The patient-provider relationship, conceptualized at the core of PCC in multiple models, remains largely unexamined in HIV care. We conducted a systematic review to better understand the types of PCC interventions implemented to improve patient-provider interactions and how these interventions have improved HIV care continuum outcomes and person-reported outcomes (PROs) among people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries.

METHODS: We searched databases, conference proceedings and conducted manual targeted searches to identify randomized trials and observational studies published up to January …