Digital Commons Network^™

Acute Encephalitis, Myoclonus And Sweet Syndrome After Mrna-1273 Vaccine, Gabriel Torrealba-Acosta, Jennifer C Martin, Yve Huttenbach, Catherine R Garcia, Muhammad R Sohail, Sandeep Krishna Agarwal, Carina Wasko, Eric M Bershad, Mohammad I Hirzallah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

A patient presented with fever, generalised rash, confusion, orofacial movements and myoclonus after receiving the first dose of mRNA-1273 vaccine from Moderna. MRI was unremarkable while cerebrospinal fluid showed leucocytosis with lymphocyte predominance and hyperproteinorrachia. The skin evidenced red, non-scaly, oedematous papules coalescing into plaques with scattered non-follicular pustules. Skin biopsy was consistent with a neutrophilic dermatosis. The patient fulfilled the criteria for Sweet syndrome. A thorough evaluation ruled out alternative infectious, autoimmune or malignant aetiologies, and all manifestations resolved with glucocorticoids. While we cannot prove causality, there was a temporal correlation between the vaccination and the clinical findings.

Artificial Intelligence For Classification Of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Roi-Level Mri Data: A Worldwide Enigma-Epilepsy Study, Ezequiel Gleichgerrcht, Brent C. Munsell, Saud Alhusaini, Marina K. M. Alvim, Núria Bargalló, Benjamin Bender, Andrea Bernasconi, Neda Bernasconi, Boris Bernhardt, Karen Blackmon, Maria E. Caligiuri, Fernando Cendes, Luis Concha, Patricia M. Desmond, Orrin Devinsky, Colin P. Doherty, Martin Domin, John S. Duncan, Niels K. Focke, Antonio Gambardella, Bo Gong, Renzo Guerrini, Sean N. Hatton, Reetta Kälviäinen, Simon S. Keller, Peter Kochunov, Raviteja Kotikalapudi, Barbara A. K. Kreilkamp, Angelo Labate, Soenke Langner, Sara Larivière, Matteo Lenge, Elaine Lui, Pascal Martin, Mario Mascalchi, Stefano Meletti, Terence J. O'Brien, Heath R. Pardoe, Jose C. Pariente, Jun Xian Rao, Mark P. Richardson, Raúl Rodríguez-Cruces, Theodor Rüber, Ben Sinclair, Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh, Dan J. Stein, Pasquale Striano, Peter N. Taylor, Rhys H. Thomas, Anna Elisabetta Vaudano, Lucy Vivash, Felix Von Podewills, Sjoerd B. Vos, Bernd Weber, Yi Yao, Clarissa Lin Yasuda, Junsong Zhang, Paul M. Thompson, Sanjay M. Sisodiya, Carrie R. Mcdonald, Leonardo Bonilha

Diagnostic Radiology Articles

Artificial intelligence has recently gained popularity across different medical fields to aid in the detection of diseases based on pathology samples or medical imaging findings. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a key assessment tool for patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The role of machine learning and artificial intelligence to increase detection of brain abnormalities in TLE remains inconclusive. We used support vector machine (SV) and deep learning (DL) models based on region of interest (ROI-based) structural (n = 336) and diffusion (n = 863) brain MRI data from patients with TLE with ("lesional") and without ("non-lesional") radiographic features …

Statistical Analysis Of Two Arm Randomized Pre-Post Designs With One Post-Treatment Measurement, Fei Wan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Randomized pre-post designs, with outcomes measured at baseline and after treatment, have been commonly used to compare the clinical effectiveness of two competing treatments. There are vast, but often conflicting, amount of information in current literature about the best analytic methods for pre-post designs. It is challenging for applied researchers to make an informed choice.

METHODS: We discuss six methods commonly used in literature: one way analysis of variance ("ANOVA"), analysis of covariance main effect and interaction models on the post-treatment score ("ANCOVAI" and "ANCOVAII"), ANOVA on the change score between the baseline and post-treatment scores ("ANOVA-Change"), repeated measures …

Feasibility And Efficacy Of The "Funpals Playgroup" Intervention To Improve Toddler Dietary And Activity Behaviors: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Aliye B Cepni, Ashley Taylor, Christine Crumbley, Debbe Thompson, Nancy E Moran, Norma Olvera, Daniel P O'Connor, Katherine R Arlinghaus, Craig A Johnston, Tracey A Ledoux

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

This study evaluated the feasibility and effects of the Families Understanding Nutrition and Physically Active Lifestyles (FUNPALs) Playgroup on toddler (12–36-month-old) diet and activity behaviors. Parent–toddler dyads were recruited from disadvantaged communities and randomly assigned to receive 10-weekly sessions of the FUNPALs Playgroup (n = 24) or dose-matched health education control group (n = 26). FUNPALs Playgroups involved physical and snack activities, delivery of health information, and positive parenting coaching. The control group involved group health education for parents only. Process outcomes (e.g., retention rate, fidelity) and focus groups determined feasibility and perceived effects. To evaluate preliminary effects, …

Standardizing Definitions Of Hematopoietic Recovery, Graft Rejection, Graft Failure, Poor Graft Function, And Donor Chimerism In Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Report On Behalf Of The American Society For Transplantation And Cellular Therapy., Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja, Ambuj Kumar, Ernesto Ayala, Mahmoud Aljurf, Taiga Nishihori, Rebecca Marsh, Lauri M. Burroughs, Navneet Majhail, A. Samer Al-Homsi, Zaid S. Al-Kadhimi, Merav Bar, Alice Bertaina, Jaap J. Boelens, Richard Champlin, Sonali Chaudhury, Zachariah Defilipp, Bhagirathbhai Dholaria, Areej El-Jawahri, Suzanne Fanning, Ellen Fraint, Usama Gergis, Sergio Giralt, Betty K. Hamilton, Shahrukh K. Hashmi, Biljana Horn, Yoshihiro Inamoto, David A. Jacobsohn, Tania Jain, Laura Johnston, Abraham S. Kanate, Ankit Kansagra, Adetola Kassim, Leslie S. Kean, Carrie L. Kitko, Jessica Knight-Perry, Joanne Kurtzberg, Hien Liu, Margaret L. Macmillan, Zahra Mahmoudjafari, Marco Mielcarek, Mohamad Mohty, Arnon Nagler, Eneida Nemecek, Timothy S. Olson, Betul Oran, Miguel-Angel Perales, Susan E. Prockop, Michael A. Pulsipher, Iskra Pusic, Marcie L. Riches, Cesar Rodriguez, Rizwan Romee, Gabriela Rondon, Ayman Saad, Nina Shah, Peter J. Shaw, Shalini Shenoy, Jorge Sierra, Julie Talano, Michael R. Verneris, Paul Veys, John E. Wagner, Bipin N. Savani, Mehdi Hamadani, Paul A. Carpenter

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is potentially curative for certain hematologic malignancies and nonmalignant diseases. The field of allo-HCT has witnessed significant advances, including broadening indications for transplantation, availability of alternative donor sources, less toxic preparative regimens, new cell manipulation techniques, and novel GVHD prevention methods, all of which have expanded the applicability of the procedure. These advances have led to clinical practice conundrums when applying traditional definitions of hematopoietic recovery, graft rejection, graft failure, poor graft function, and donor chimerism, because these may vary based on donor type, cell source, cell dose, primary disease, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, and …

The Effect Of Virtual Mindfulness-Based Interventions On Sleep Quality: A Systematic Review Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Amanda Jiang, Michael Rosario, Sara Stahl, Jessica M Gill, Heather L Rusch

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We summarized peer-reviewed literature investigating the effect of virtual mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on sleep quality. We aimed to examine the following three questions: (1) do virtual MBIs improve sleep quality when compared with control groups; (2) does the effect persist long-term; and (3) is the virtual delivery method equally feasible compared to the in-person delivery method?

RECENT FINDINGS: Findings suggest that virtual MBIs are equivalent to evidence-based treatments, and to a limited extent, more effective than non-specific active controls at reducing some aspects of sleep disturbance. Overall, virtual MBIs are more effective at improving sleep quality than …

Myeloid Cell Mediated Immune Suppression In Pancreatic Cancer, Samantha B. Kemp, Marina Pasca Di Magliano, Howard C. Crawford

Research Administration Articles

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), the most common pancreatic cancer, is a nearly-universally lethal malignancy. PDA is characterized by extensive infiltration of immunosuppressive myeloid cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) inhibit cytotoxic T cell responses promoting carcinogenesis. Immune checkpoint therapy has not been effective in PDA, most likely due to this robust immune suppression, making it critical to elucidate mechanisms behind this phenomenon. Here, we review myeloid cell infiltration and cellular crosstalk in PDA progression and highlight current therapeutic approaches to target myeloid cell-driven immune suppression.

Exploiting The Power Of Information In Medical Education., William B. Cutrer, W. Anderson Spickard, Marc M. Triola, Bradley L. Allen, Nathan Spell, Steven K. Herrine, John L. Dalrymple, Paul N. Gorman, Kimberly D. Lomis

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

The explosion of medical information demands a thorough reconsideration of medical education, including what we teach and assess, how we educate, and whom we educate. Physicians of the future will need to be self-aware, self-directed, resource-effective team players who can synthesize and apply summarized information and communicate clearly. Training in metacognition, data science, informatics, and artificial intelligence is needed. Education programs must shift focus from content delivery to providing students explicit scaffolding for future learning, such as the Master Adaptive Learner model. Additionally, educators should leverage informatics to improve the process of education and foster individualized, precision education. Finally, attributes …

Evaluating The Implementation Of A Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Management Program Using The Consolidated Framework For Implementation Research: A Case Study., Stefan Paciocco, Anita Kothari, Christopher J Licskai, Madonna Ferrone, Shannon L Sibbald

Health Studies Publications

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent chronic disease that requires comprehensive approaches to manage; it accounts for a significant portion of Canada's annual healthcare spending. Interprofessional teams are effective at providing chronic disease management that meets the needs of patients. As part of an ongoing initiative, a COPD management program, the Best Care COPD program was implemented in a primary care setting. The objectives of this research were to determine site-specific factors facilitating or impeding the implementation of a COPD program in a new setting, while evaluating the implementation strategy used.

METHODS: A qualitative case study was …

Perception Versus Reality: A National Cohort Analysis Of The Surgery-First Approach For Resectable Pancreatic Cancer, John R. Bergquist, Cornelius A. Thiels, Christopher R. Shubert, Tommy Ivanics, Elizabeth B. Habermann, Santhi S. Vege, Travis E. Grotz, Sean P. Cleary, Rory L. Smoot, Michael L. Kendrick, David M. Nagorney, Mark J. Truty

Surgery Articles

INTRODUCTION: Although surgical resection is necessary, it is not sufficient for long-term survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We sought to evaluate survival after up-front surgery (UFS) in anatomically resectable PDAC in the context of three critical factors: (A) margin status; (B) CA19-9; and (C) receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy.

METHODS: The National Cancer Data Base (2010-2015) was reviewed for clinically resectable (stage 0/I/II) PDAC patients. Surgical margins, pre-operative CA19-9, and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy were evaluated. Patient overall survival was stratified based on these factors and their respective combinations. Outcomes after UFS were compared to equivalently staged patients after neoadjuvant …

Distinct Cortical Systems Reinstate The Content And Context Of Episodic Memories., James E. Kragel, Youssef Ezzyat, Bradley C. Lega, Michael R. Sperling, Gregory A. Worrell, Robert E. Gross, Barbara C. Jobst, Sameer A. Sheth, Kareem A. Zaghloul, Joel M. Stein, Michael J. Kahana

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Episodic recall depends upon the reinstatement of cortical activity present during the formation of a memory. Evidence from functional neuroimaging and invasive recordings in humans suggest that reinstatement organizes our memories by time or content, yet the neural systems involved in reinstating these unique types of information remain unclear. Here, combining computational modeling and intracranial recordings from 69 epilepsy patients, we show that two cortical systems uniquely reinstate the semantic content and temporal context of previously studied items during free recall. Examining either the posterior medial or anterior temporal networks, we find that forward encoding models trained on the brain's …

The Informed Road Map To Prevention Of Alzheimer Disease: A Call To Arms, Eric Mcdade, Jorge J Llibre-Guerra, David M Holtzman, John C Morris, Randall J Bateman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alzheimer disease (AD) prevention trials hold the promise to delay or prevent cognitive decline and dementia onset by intervening before significant neuronal damage occurs. In recent years, the first AD prevention trials have launched and are yielding important findings on the biology of targeting asymptomatic AD pathology. However, there are limitations that impact the design of these prevention trials, including the translation of animal models that recapitulate key stages and multiple pathological aspects of the human disease, missing target validation in asymptomatic disease, uncertain causality of the association of pathophysiologic changes with cognitive and clinical symptoms, and limited biomarker validation …

Retinoids As Chemo-Preventive And Molecular-Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapies., Victoria O. Hunsu, Caroline O.B. Facey, Jeremy Z. Fields, Bruce M. Boman

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Retinoic acid (RA) agents possess anti‐tumor activity through their ability to induce cellular differentiation. However, retinoids have not yet been translated into effective systemic treatments for most solid tumors. RA signaling is mediated by the following two nuclear retinoic receptor subtypes: the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoic X receptor (RXR), and their isoforms. The identification of mutations in retinoid receptors and other RA signaling pathway genes in human cancers offers opportunities for target discovery, drug design, and personalized medicine for distinct molecular retinoid subtypes. For example, chromosomal translocation involving RARA occurs in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and all‐trans …

Lysmd3: A Mammalian Pattern Recognition Receptor For Chitin, Xin He, Brad A. Howard, Yang Liu, Aaron K. Neumann, Liwu Li, Nidhi Menon, Tiffany Roach, Shiv D. Kale, David C. Samuels, Hongyan Li, Trenton Kite, Hirohito Kita, Tony Y. Hu, Mengyao Luo, Caroline N. Jones, Uju Joy Okaa, Diane L. Squillace, Bruce S. Klein, Christopher B. Lawrence

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Chitin, a major component of fungal cell walls, has been associated with allergic disorders such as asthma. However, it is unclear how mammals recognize chitin and the principal receptor(s) on epithelial cells that sense chitin remain to be determined. In this study, we show that LYSMD3 is expressed on the surface of human airway epithelial cells and demonstrate that LYSMD3 is able to bind chitin, as well as β-glucan, on the cell walls of fungi. Knockdown or knockout of LYSMD3 also sharply blunts the production of inflammatory cytokines by epithelial cells in response to chitin and fungal spores. Competitive inhibition …

Exploring Perceptions Of Healthcare Technologies Enabled By Artificial Intelligence: An Online, Scenario-Based Survey, Alison L Antes, Sara Burrous, Bryan A Sisk, Matthew J Schuelke, Jason D Keune, James M Dubois

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Healthcare is expected to increasingly integrate technologies enabled by artificial intelligence (AI) into patient care. Understanding perceptions of these tools is essential to successful development and adoption. This exploratory study gauged participants' level of openness, concern, and perceived benefit associated with AI-driven healthcare technologies. We also explored socio-demographic, health-related, and psychosocial correlates of these perceptions.

METHODS: We developed a measure depicting six AI-driven technologies that either diagnose, predict, or suggest treatment. We administered the measure via an online survey to adults (N = 936) in the United States using MTurk, a crowdsourcing platform. Participants indicated their level of openness …

Analysis Of Pretreatment Factors Associated With Stability In Early Class Iii Treatment, Yasuko Inoue, Toru Deguchi, James K. Hartsfield Jr., Wakako Tome, Noriyuki Kitai

Oral Health Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to identify pretreatment factors associated with the stability of early class III treatment, since most orthodontists start the treatment with their uncertain hypotheses and/or predictions. Subjects consisted of 75 patients with a class III skeletal relationship (ANB < 2° and overjet < 0 mm) who had been consecutively treated with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask and followed until their second phase treatment. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they showed relapse in follow-up. The stable group maintained their positive overjet (n = 55), and the unstable group experienced relapse with a zero or negative overjet (n = 20). Two general, three dental, and 13 cephalometric pretreatment factors were investigated to determine which factors were associated with stability.

RESULTS: Sex, pretreatment age, and anteroposterior functional shift, which were hypothesized as associated factors, were not related to …

Spoken Word Learning In Children With Developmental Language Disorder Or Dyslexia, Suzanne M. Adlof, Lauren S. Baron, Bethany A. Bell, Joanna Scoggins

Faculty Publications

Purpose Word learning difficulties have been documented in multiple studies involving children with dyslexia and developmental language disorder (DLD; see also specific language impairment). However, no previous studies have directly contrasted word learning in these two frequently co-occurring disorders. We examined word learning in second-grade students with DLD-only and dyslexia-only as compared to each other, peers with both disorders (DLD + dyslexia), and peers with typical development. We hypothesized that children with dyslexia-only and DLD-only would show differences in word learning due to differences in their core language strengths and weaknesses. Method Children ( = 244) were taught eight novel …

Reducing Covid-19 Quarantine With Sars-Cov-2 Testing: A Simulation Study, Bo Peng, Wen Zhou, Rowland W Pettit, Patrick Yu, Peter G Matos, Alexander L Greninger, Julie Mccashin, Christopher I Amos

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing on shortening the duration of quarantines for COVID-19 and to identify the most effective choices of testing schedules.

DESIGN: We performed extensive simulations to evaluate the performance of quarantine strategies when one or more SARS-CoV-2 tests were administered during the quarantine. Simulations were based on statistical models for the transmissibility and viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 infections and the sensitivities of available testing methods. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of perturbations in model assumptions on the outcomes of optimal strategies.

RESULTS: We found that SARS-CoV-2 testing can effectively reduce the …

An Assessment Of The Social Determinants Of Health In An Urban Emergency Department, Edgardo Ordonez, Katherine Dowdell, Natasha M Navejar, Deepa Dongarwar, Aya Itani, Hamisu M Salihu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Social determinants of health (SDOH) have significant impacts on patients who seek care in the emergency department (ED). We administered a social needs screening tool and needs assessment survey to assess SDOH and evaluate for trends in the population of patients visiting our ED.

METHODS: A survey was distributed via convenience sampling to adult ED patients to capture self-reported demographic information and data about social needs. We categorized the questions related to SDOH based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification coding format and created a composite variable called "SDOH Strata" based on the SDOH Index …

Epiglottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma., John Carter, Jessica Ball, George Mckean, Samir Patel

Oncology Articles

No abstract provided.

Significant Regional Differences In Antibiotic Use Across 576 Us Hospitals And 11 701 326 Adult Admissions, 2016-2017, Katherine E Goodman, Sara E Cosgrove, Lisa Pineles, Laurence S Magder, Deverick J Anderson, Elizabeth Dodds Ashley, Ronald E Polk, Hude Quan, William E Trick, Keith F Woeltje, Surbhi Leekha, Anthony D Harris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Quantifying the amount and diversity of antibiotic use in United States hospitals assists antibiotic stewardship efforts but is hampered by limited national surveillance. Our study aimed to address this knowledge gap by examining adult antibiotic use across 576 hospitals and nearly 12 million encounters in 2016-2017.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of patients aged ≥ 18 years discharged from hospitals in the Premier Healthcare Database between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017. Using daily antibiotic charge data, we mapped antibiotics to mutually exclusive classes and to spectrum of activity categories. We evaluated relationships between facility and case-mix …

Systematic Analysis Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection Of An Ace2-Negative Human Airway Cell, Maritza Puray-Chavez, Kyle M Lapak, Jennifer L Elliott, Dhaval P Bhatt, Ria Jasuja, Dana Q Lawson, Keanu Davis, Paul W Rothlauf, Zhuoming Liu, Nakyung Lee, Kasyap Tenneti, Jenna E Eschbach, Christian Shema Mugisha, Hung R Vuong, Laura A Vanblargan, Adam L Bailey, Michael S Diamond, Sean P J Whelan, Amjad Horani, Steven L Brody, Dennis Goldfarb, M Ben Major, Sebla B Kutluay, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) variants govern transmissibility, responsiveness to vaccination, and disease severity. In a screen for new models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we identify human H522 lung adenocarcinoma cells as naturally permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection despite complete absence of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression. Remarkably, H522 infection requires the E484D S variant; viruses expressing wild-type S are not infectious. Anti-S monoclonal antibodies differentially neutralize SARS-CoV-2 E484D S in H522 cells as compared to ACE2-expressing cells. Sera from vaccinated individuals block this alternative entry mechanism, whereas convalescent sera are less effective. Although the H522 receptor remains …

Coding And Noncoding Variants In Ebf3 Are Involved In Hadds And Simplex Autism, Evin M Padhi, Jeffrey K Ng, Elvisa Mehinovic, Tychele N Turner, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Previous research in autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) has indicated an important contribution of protein-coding (coding) de novo variants (DNVs) within specific genes. The role of de novo noncoding variation has been observable as a general increase in genetic burden but has yet to be resolved to individual functional elements. In this study, we assessed whole-genome sequencing data in 2671 families with autism (discovery cohort of 516 families, replication cohort of 2155 families). We focused on DNVs in enhancers with characterized in vivo activity in the brain and identified an excess of DNVs in an enhancer named hs737. …

Quality-Adjusted Time Without Symptoms Of Disease Or Toxicity (Q-Twist) Analysis Of Cpx-351 Versus 7 + 3 In Older Adults With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk/Secondary Aml, Jorge E Cortes, Tara L Lin, Geoffrey L Uy, Robert J Ryan, Stefan Faderl, Jeffrey E Lancet

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: CPX-351 (United States: Vyxeos

METHODS: Patients were randomized 1:1 between December 20, 2012 and November 11, 2014 to receive induction with CPX-351 or 7 + 3. Survival time for each patient was partitioned into 3 health states: TOX (time with any grade 3 or 4 toxicity or prior to remission), TWiST (time in remission without relapse or grade 3 or 4 toxicity), and REL (time after relapse). Within each treatment arm, Q-TWiST was calculated by adding the mean time spent in each health state weighted by its respective quality-of-life, represented by health utility. The relative Q-TWiST gain, calculated as …

Profiling Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Variation Across Populations Using Repeat-Pangenome Graphs., Tsung-Yu Lu, Human Genome Structural Variation Consortium, Mark J P Chaisson, Charles Lee, Qihui Zhu

Faculty Research 2021

Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) are composed of consecutive repetitive DNA with hypervariable repeat count and composition. They include protein coding sequences and associations with clinical disorders. It has been difficult to incorporate VNTR analysis in disease studies that use short-read sequencing because the traditional approach of mapping to the human reference is less effective for repetitive and divergent sequences. In this work, we solve VNTR mapping for short reads with a repeat-pangenome graph (RPGG), a data structure that encodes both the population diversity and repeat structure of VNTR loci from multiple haplotype-resolved assemblies. We develop software to build a …

Later Sleep Timing Predicts Accelerated Summer Weight Gain Among Elementary School Children: A Prospective Observational Study, Jennette P Moreno, Javad Razjouyan, Houston Lester, Hafza Dadabhoy, Mona Amirmazaheri, Layton Reesor-Oyer, Teresia M O'Connor, Daphne C Hernandez, Bijan Najafi, Candice A Alfano, Stephanie J Crowley, Debbe Thompson, Tom Baranowski

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objectives and background: Social demands of the school-year and summer environment may affect children's sleep patterns and circadian rhythms during these periods. The current study examined differences in children's sleep and circadian-related behaviors during the school-year and summer and explored the association between sleep and circadian parameters and change in body mass index (BMI) during these time periods.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study with 119 children ages 5 to 8 years with three sequential BMI assessments: early school-year (fall), late school-year (spring), and beginning of the following school-year in Houston, Texas, USA. Sleep midpoint, sleep duration, variability of …

Homozygous Mtap Deletion In Primary Human Glioblastoma Is Not Associated With Elevation Of Methylthioadenosine., Yasaman Barekatain, Jeffrey J Ackroyd, Victoria C Yan, Sunada Khadka, Lin Wang, Ko-Chien Chen, Anton H Poral, Theresa Tran, Dimitra K Georgiou, Kenisha Arthur, Yu-Hsi Lin, Nikunj Satani, Elliot S Ballato, Eliot I Behr, Ana C Decarvalho, Roel G W Verhaak, John De Groot, Jason T Huse, John M Asara, Raghu Kalluri, Florian L Muller

Faculty Research 2021

Homozygous deletion of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) in cancers such as glioblastoma represents a potentially targetable vulnerability. Homozygous MTAP-deleted cell lines in culture show elevation of MTAP's substrate metabolite, methylthioadenosine (MTA). High levels of MTA inhibit protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), which sensitizes MTAP-deleted cells to PRMT5 and methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) inhibition. While this concept has been extensively corroborated in vitro, the clinical relevance relies on exhibiting significant MTA accumulation in human glioblastoma. In this work, using comprehensive metabolomic profiling, we show that MTA secreted by MTAP-deleted cells in vitro results in high levels of extracellular MTA. We further demonstrate …

Homozygous Mtap Deletion In Primary Human Glioblastoma Is Not Associated With Elevation Of Methylthioadenosine, Yasaman Barekatain, Jeffrey J. Ackroyd, Victoria C. Yan, Sunada Khadka, Lin Wang, Ko-Chien Chen, Anton H. Poral, Theresa Tran, Dimitra K. Georgiou, Kenisha Arthur, Yu-Hsi Lin, Nikunj Satani, Elliot S. Ballato, Eliot I. Behr, Ana C. De Carvalho, Roel G.W. Verhaak, John De Groot, Jason T. Huse, John M. Asara, Raghu Kalluri, Florian L. Muller

Neurosurgery Articles

Homozygous deletion of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) in cancers such as glioblastoma represents a potentially targetable vulnerability. Homozygous MTAP-deleted cell lines in culture show elevation of MTAP's substrate metabolite, methylthioadenosine (MTA). High levels of MTA inhibit protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), which sensitizes MTAP-deleted cells to PRMT5 and methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) inhibition. While this concept has been extensively corroborated in vitro, the clinical relevance relies on exhibiting significant MTA accumulation in human glioblastoma. In this work, using comprehensive metabolomic profiling, we show that MTA secreted by MTAP-deleted cells in vitro results in high levels of extracellular MTA. We further demonstrate …

Current State Of Scientific Evidence On Internet-Based Interventions For The Treatment Of Depression, Anxiety, Eating Disorders And Substance Abuse: An Overview Of Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses, C Barr Taylor, Andrea K Graham, Rachael E Flatt, Karin Waldherr, Ellen E Fitzsimmons-Craft

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: ICare represents a consortium of European Investigators examining the effects of online mental health care for a variety of common mental health disorders provided in a variety of settings. This article provides an overview of the evidence of effectiveness for Internet-based treatment for four common mental health disorders that are the focus of much of this work: depression, anxiety, substance abuse and eating disorders.

METHODS: The overview focused primarily on systematic reviews and meta-analyses identified through PubMed (Ovid) and other databases and published in English. Given the large number of reviews specific to depression, anxiety, substance abuse and/or eating …

Southwest Harvest For Health: An Adapted Mentored Vegetable Gardening Intervention For Cancer Survivors, Cindy K. Blair, Prajakta Adsul, Dolores D. Guest, Andrew L. Sussman, Linda S. Cook, Elizabeth M. Harding, Joseph Rodman, Dorothy Duff, Ellen Burgess, Karen Quezada, Ursa Brown-Glaberman, Towela V. King, Erika Baca, Zoneddy Dayao, Vernon Shane Pankratz, Sally M. Davis, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

Harvest for Health is a home-based vegetable gardening intervention that pairs cancer survivors with Master Gardeners from the Cooperative Extension System. Initially developed and tested in Alabama, the program was adapted for the different climate, growing conditions, and population in New Mexico. This paper chronicles the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of "Southwest Harvest for Health". During the nine-month single-arm trial, 30 cancer survivor-Master Gardener dyads worked together to establish and maintain three seasonal gardens. Primary outcomes were accrual, retention, and satisfaction. Secondary outcomes were vegetable and fruit (V and F) intake, physical activity, and quality of life. Recruitment was …