Digital Commons Network^™

Heart Failure And Patient-Reported Outcomes In Adults With Congenital Heart Disease From 15 Countries, Chun-Wei Lu, Kamila White, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of mortality and associated with significant morbidity in adults with congenital heart disease. We sought to assess the association between HF and patient-report outcomes in adults with congenital heart disease. Methods and Results As part of the APPROACH-IS (Assessment of Patterns of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adults with Congenital Heart disease-International Study), we collected data on HF status and patient-reported outcomes in 3959 patients from 15 countries across 5 continents. Patient-report outcomes were: perceived health status (12-item Short Form Health Survey), quality of life (Linear Analogue Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale), sense …

Comparison Of Collaborative Goal Setting With Enhanced Education For Managing Diabetes-Associated Distress And Hemoglobin A1c Levels: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Brian Hertz, Javad Razjouyan, Suja S Rajan, Nipa Kamdar, Jasmin Lindo, Lea Kiefer, Praveen Mehta, Aanand D Naik

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Type 2 diabetes is a prevalent and morbid condition. Poor engagement with self-management can contribute to diabetes-associated distress and hinder diabetes control.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of Empowering Patients in Chronic Care (EPICC), an evidence-based intervention to improve diabetes-associated distress and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels after the intervention and after 6-month maintenance.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This hybrid (implementation-effectiveness) randomized clinical trial was performed in Veterans Affairs clinics across Illinois, Indiana, and Texas from July 1, 2015, to June 30, 2017. Participants included adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c level >8.0%) who received primary care …

Moral Injury And Moral Resilience In Health Care Workers During Covid-19 Pandemic., Cynda H Rushton, Tessy A Thomas, Inga M Antonsdottir, Katie E Nelson, Danielle Boyce, Anna Vioral, Deborah Swavely, Cathaleen D Ley, Ginger C Hanson

Reading Hospital Nursing Scholarly Activity

No abstract provided.

Translational Approaches To Understanding Resilience To Alzheimer's Disease., Sarah M Neuner, Maria Telpoukhovskaia, Vilas Menon, Kristen M S O'Connell, Timothy J Hohman, Catherine Kaczorowski

Faculty Research 2022

Individuals who maintain cognitive function despite high levels of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated pathology are said to be 'resilient' to AD. Identifying mechanisms underlying resilience represents an exciting therapeutic opportunity. Human studies have identified a number of molecular and genetic factors associated with resilience, but the complexity of these cohorts prohibits a complete understanding of which factors are causal or simply correlated with resilience. Genetically and phenotypically diverse mouse models of AD provide new and translationally relevant opportunities to identify and prioritize new resilience mechanisms for further cross-species investigation. This review will discuss insights into resilience gained from both human and …

Survey Of Confidence And Knowledge To Manage Patellofemoral Pain In Readers Versus Nonreaders Of The Physical Therapy Clinical Practice Guideline, Richard W. Willy, Lisa T. Hoglund, Neal R. Glaviano, Lori A. Bolgla, David M. Bazett-Jones

Department of Physical Therapy Faculty Papers

Objectives: To compare beliefs of physical therapists (PTs) who read the clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the management of individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP) to those who have not read the CPG.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Online survey.

Participants: 494 currently licensed/registered PTs or physiotherapists.

Main Outcome Measures: Respondents answered Likert-based or open-ended questions regarding the diagnosis, prognosis, risk factors, and management of individuals with PFP, as well as confidence for managing individuals with PFP, especially the ability to identify beneficial and non-beneficial interventions. We dichotomized responses into participants who read (READERS) and did not read (NonREADERS) the CPG.

Results: …

Techno-Economic Feasibility Analysis Of A Fully Mobile Radiation Oncology System Using Monte Carlo Simulation, Alex T Price, Casey Canfield, Geoffrey D Hugo, James A Kavanaugh, Lauren E Henke, Eric Laugeman, Pamela Samson, Clair Reynolds-Kueny, Elizabeth A Cudney

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: Disparities in radiation oncology (RO) can be attributed to geographic location, socioeconomic status, race, sex, and other societal factors. One potential solution is to implement a fully mobile (FM) RO system to bring radiotherapy to rural areas and reduce barriers to access. We use Monte Carlo simulation to quantify techno-economic feasibility with uncertainty, using two rural Missouri scenarios.

METHODS: Recently, a semimobile RO system has been developed by building an o-ring linear accelerator (linac) into a mobile coach that is used for temporary care, months at a time. Transitioning to a more FM-RO system, which changes location within a …

Prevalence And Clinical Correlates Of Antinuclear Antibody In Patients With Gastroparesis, Madhusudan Grover, Richard W Mccallum, Zubair Malik, Kenneth L Koch, Irene Sarosiek, Braden Kuo, Robert J Shulman, Gianrico Farrugia, Laura Miriel, James Tonascia, Frank Hamilton, Pankaj J Pasricha, Thomas L Abell, Niddk Gastroparesis Clinical Research Consortium

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Autoimmunity may play a role in the pathogenesis of gastroparesis in a subset of patients. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing is often used to screen for autoimmune disorders.

AIMS: 1) Determine prevalence of a positive ANA in patients with gastroparesis; 2) Describe characteristics of idiopathic gastroparesis patients with positive ANA.

METHODS: Patients were assessed with gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES), symptom assessment via Patient Assessment of Upper GI Symptoms [PAGI-SYM], and blood tests-ANA, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP).

RESULTS: Positive ANA was seen in 148 of 893 (17%) patients with gastroparesis, being similar in idiopathic (16% of 536 patients), …

A D2 To D1 Shift In Dopaminergic Inputs To Midbrain 5-Ht Neurons Causes Anorexia In Mice, Meng Yu, Yang He, Hesong Liu, Chen Liang, Yongjie Yang, Longlong Tu, Nan Zhang, Lina Wang, Na Yin, Junying Han, Zili Yan, Chunmei Wang, Pingwen Xu, Qi Wu, Qingchun Tong, Yanlin He, Yong Xu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Midbrain dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) neurons regulate motivated behaviors, including feeding, but less is known about how these circuits may interact. In this study, we found that DA neurons in the mouse ventral tegmental area bidirectionally regulate the activity of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), with weaker stimulation causing DRD2-dependent inhibition and overeating, while stronger stimulation causing DRD1-dependent activation and anorexia. Furthermore, in the activity-based anorexia (ABA) paradigm, which is a mouse model mimicking some clinical features of human anorexia nervosa (AN), we observed a DRD2 to DRD1 shift of DA neurotransmission on 5-HT

Association Of Physical Activity, Sports, And Screen Time With Adolescent Behaviors In Youth Who Visit The Pediatric Emergency Department, T Charles Casper, Rachel Richards, Thomas H Chun, Victor M Gonzalez, Michael J Mello, Anthony Spirito

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sports, and reduced screen time are associated with favorable youth risk profiles. We evaluated the association of MVPA, sports, and screen time with adolescent behaviors among pediatric emergency department youth. Adolescents were assessed for alcohol/drug use, risky behavior, conduct disorder, and depressive mood. MVPA was activity for ≥5 days/week and ≥60 minutes/day. Increased screen time was ≥3 hours/day computer/TV use for non-schoolwork. Multivariable regression studied association between MVPA, sports, and increased screen time and outcomes adjusting for demographics and academic achievement. Older age and lower academic achievement were significantly associated with risky behaviors, conduct …

Implementation Of Preemptive Dna Sequence-Based Pharmacogenomics Testing Across A Large Academic Medical Center: The Mayo-Baylor Right 10k Study, Leila A Jones, John Logan Black, Ann M Moyer, Jyothsna Giri, Richard R Sharp, Eric T Matey, Jessica A Wright, Lance J Oyen, Wayne T Nicholson, Mathieu Wiepert, Terri Sullard, Timothy B Curry, Carolyn R Rohrer Vitek, Tammy M Mcallister, Jennifer L St Sauver, Pedro J Caraballo, Konstantinos N Lazaridis, Eric Venner, Xiang Qin, Jianhong Hu, Christie L Kovar, Viktoriya Korchina, Kimberly Walker, Harshavardhan Doddapaneni, Tsung-Jung Wu, Ritika Raj, Shawn Denson, Wen Liu, Gauthami Chandanavelli, Lan Zhang, Qiaoyan Wang, Divya Kalra, Mary Beth Karow, Kimberley J Harris, Hugues Sicotte, Sandra E Peterson, Amy E Barthel, Brenda E Moore, Jennifer M Skierka, Michelle L Kluge, Katrina E Kotzer, Karen Kloke, Jessica M Vander Pol, Heather Marker, Joseph A Sutton, Adrijana Kekic, Ashley Ebenhoh, Dennis M Bierle, Michael J Schuh, Christopher Grilli, Sara Erickson, Audrey Umbreit, Leah Ward, Sheena Crosby, Eric A Nelson, Sharon Levey, Michelle Elliott, Steve G Peters, Naveen Pereira, Mark Frye, Fadi Shamoun, Matthew P Goetz, Iftikhar J Kullo, Robert Wermers, Jan A Anderson, Christine M Formea, Razan M El Melik, John D Zeuli, Joseph R Herges, Carrie A Krieger, Robert W Hoel, Jodi L Taraba, Scott R St Thomas, Imad Absah, Matthew E Bernard, Stephanie R Fink, Andrea Gossard, Pamela L Grubbs, Therese M Jacobson, Paul Takahashi, Sharon C Zehe, Susan Buckles, Michelle Bumgardner, Colette Gallagher, Kelliann Fee-Schroeder, Nichole R Nicholas, Melody L Powers, Ahmed K Ragab, Darcy M Richardson, Anthony Stai, Jaymi Wilson, Joel E Pacyna, Janet E Olson, Erica J Sutton, Annika T Beck, Caroline Horrow, Krishna R Kalari, Nicholas B Larson, Hongfang Liu, Liwei Wang, Guilherme S Lopes, Bijan J Borah, Robert R Freimuth, Ye Zhu, Debra J Jacobson, Matthew A Hathcock, Sebastian M Armasu, Michaela E Mcgree, Ruoxiang Jiang, Tyler H Koep, Jason L Ross, Matthew G Hilden, Kathleen Bosse, Bronwyn Ramey, Isabelle Searcy, Eric Boerwinkle, Richard A Gibbs, Richard M Weinshilboum

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: The Mayo-Baylor RIGHT 10K Study enabled preemptive, sequence-based pharmacogenomics (PGx)-driven drug prescribing practices in routine clinical care within a large cohort. We also generated the tools and resources necessary for clinical PGx implementation and identified challenges that need to be overcome. Furthermore, we measured the frequency of both common genetic variation for which clinical guidelines already exist and rare variation that could be detected by DNA sequencing, rather than genotyping.

METHODS: Targeted oligonucleotide-capture sequencing of 77 pharmacogenes was performed using DNA from 10,077 consented Mayo Clinic Biobank volunteers. The resulting predicted drug response-related phenotypes for 13 genes, including CYP2D6 …

Evaluation Of Mealsense©: A Sensory Integration-Based Feeding Support Program For Parents., Audrey Trewin, Zoe Mailloux, Roseann C Schaaf

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience feeding challenges related to difficulties with sensory integration.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the content, acceptability, and usefulness of MealSense©, an online parent education program for children with ASD who have feeding challenges related to poor sensory integration.

DESIGN: A descriptive study in which experts reviewed and rated MealSense content for consistency with Ayres Sensory Integration® (ASI) principles and evidence-based practices in feeding.

PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of expert reviewers (n = 5) and parents of children with ASD and feeding challenges (n = 5).

RESULTS: Expert ratings (n = 5) met criteria …

Protocol For The Impact Trial: Improving Healthcare Outcomes In American Transplant Recipients Using Culturally-Tailored Novel Technology, Claudia M. Rice, Pooja P Singh, Nila S. Judd, Elizabeth Yakes Jimenez, Cindy K. Blair, Amy Washburn, Christine Calvin, Alison Steiber, Yiliang Zhu, Christos Argyropoulos, Mark Unruh, Mary Amanda Dew, Larissa Myaskovsky

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

Kidney transplant (KT) recipients face post-transplant health issues. Immunosuppressive agents can cause hyperlipidemia, hypertension, post-transplant diabetes, and glomerulopathy. Post-transplant weight gain and decreased activity are associated with poor quality of life, sleep, and cardiometabolic outcomes. This study will test the feasibility and acceptability of a culturally tailored diet and exercise intervention for KT patients delivered immediately post-transplant using novel technology. A registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) and physical rehabilitation therapist will examine participants' cultural background, preferences, and health-related obstacles (with consultation from the transplant team) to create an individualized exercise and meal plan. The RDN will provide medical nutrition therapy via …

Bisphenol A Exposure Induces Sensory Processing Deficits In Larval Zebrafish During Neurodevelopment, Courtney Scaramella, Joseph B Alzagatiti, Christopher Creighton, Samandeep Mankatala, Fernando Licea, Gabriel M Winter, Jasmine Emtage, Joseph R Wisnieski, Luis Salazar, Anjum Hussain, Faith M Lee, Asma Mammootty, Niyaza Mammootty, Andrew Aldujaili, Kristine A Runnberg, Daniela Hernandez, Trevor Zimmerman-Thompson, Rikhil Makwana, Julien Rouvere, Zahra Tahmasebi, Gohar Zavradyan, Christopher S Campbell, Meghna Komaranchath, Javier Carmona, Jennifer Trevitt, David Glanzman, Adam C Roberts

2020-Current year OA Pubs

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Sars-Cov-2 Infection And Covid-19 Outcomes In Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Literature Review And Meta-Analysis, Richard Conway, Alfred H J Kim, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: The relative risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity among people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) compared to those without RMDs is unclear. This study was undertaken to quantify the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in those with RMDs and describe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in these patients.

METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review using 14 databases from January 1, 2019 to February 13, 2021. We included observational studies and experimental trials in RMD patients that described comparative rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, oxygen supplementation/intensive care unit (ICU) admission/mechanical ventilation, or death attributed to COVID-19. Methodologic quality …

Proposed Research Criteria For Prodromal Behavioural Variant Frontotemporal Dementia, Megan S Barker, Jill Goldman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

At present, no research criteria exist for the diagnosis of prodromal behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), though early detection is of high research importance. Thus, we sought to develop and validate a proposed set of research criteria for prodromal bvFTD, termed 'mild behavioural and/or cognitive impairment in bvFTD' (MBCI-FTD). Participants included 72 participants deemed to have prodromal bvFTD; this comprised 55 carriers of a pathogenic mutation known to cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and 17 individuals with autopsy-confirmed frontotemporal lobar degeneration. All had mild behavioural and/or cognitive changes, as judged by an evaluating clinician. Based on extensive clinical workup, the prodromal …

Typologies Of Stress Appraisal And Problem-Focused Coping: Associations With Compliance With Public Health Recommendations During The Covid-19 Pandemic., Justin F. Landy, Aya Shigeto, Daniel J. Laxman, Lawrence M. Scheier

Faculty Articles

BACKGROUND: Given prior research finding that young adults are less likely to engage in recommended public health behaviors (PHBs) than older adults, understanding who is and is not likely to engage in PHBs among young adults is crucial to mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on the Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping, this study examined how typologies of stress appraisal (SA) and problem-focused coping (PFC) among young adults were associated with compliance with public health recommendations during the pandemic.

METHODS: An online sample of young adults in the United States, ages 18-35, was recruited during the early …

Associations Of Steps Per Day And Step Intensity With The Risk Of Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study / Study Of Latinos (Hchs/Sol)., Carmen C. Cuthbertson, Christopher C. Moore, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Gerardo Heiss, Carmen R. Isasi, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Jordan A. Carlson, Linda C. Gallo, Maria M. Llabre, Olga L. Garcia-Bedoya, David Goldsztajn Farelo, Kelly R. Evenson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity have been associated with a lower risk of diabetes, but less is known about how daily step counts (steps/day) are associated with diabetes risk. Therefore, we examined the association of steps/day and step intensity with incident diabetes.

METHODS: We included 6634 adults from the population-based prospective cohort Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) (2008-2017). Cox proportional hazard models that accounted for complex survey design and sampling weights were used to estimate the association of baseline accelerometer-assessed steps/day and step intensity with 6-year risk of incident diabetes as hazard ratios (HR) and 95% …

Evaluation Of An Adapted Version Of The Diabetes Prevention Program For Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Cluster Randomized Trial To Evaluate "Lifestyle Africa" In South Africa., Delwyn Catley, Thandi Puoane, Lungiswa Tsolekile, Ken Resnicow, Kandace K. Fleming, Emily A. Hurley, Joshua M. Smyth, Frank T. Materia, Estelle V. Lambert, Mara Z. Vitolins, Naomi S. Levitt, Kathy Goggin

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are experiencing major increases in diabetes and cardiovascular conditions linked to overweight and obesity. Lifestyle interventions such as the United States National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) developed in high-income countries require adaptation and cultural tailoring for LMICs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of "Lifestyle Africa," an adapted version of the DPP tailored for an underresourced community in South Africa compared to usual care.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: Participants were residents of a predominantly Xhosa-speaking urban township of Cape Town, South Africa characterized by high rates of poverty. Participants with body …

Classification Of Human Chronic Inflammatory Skin Disease Based On Single-Cell Immune Profiling, Yale Liu, Hao Wang, Mark Taylor, Christopher Cook, Alejandra Martínez-Berdeja, Jeffrey P North, Paymann Harirchian, Ashley A Hailer, Zijun Zhao, Ruby Ghadially, Roberto R Ricardo-Gonzalez, Roy C Grekin, Theodora M Mauro, Esther Kim, Jaehyuk Choi, Elizabeth Purdom, Raymond J Cho, Jeffrey B Cheng

Staff and Researcher Publications

Inflammatory conditions represent the largest class of chronic skin disease, but the molecular dysregulation underlying many individual cases remains unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has increased precision in dissecting the complex mixture of immune and stromal cell perturbations in inflammatory skin disease states. We single-cell-profiled CD45+ immune cell transcriptomes from skin samples of 31 patients (7 atopic dermatitis, 8 psoriasis vulgaris, 2 lichen planus (LP), 1 bullous pemphigoid (BP), 6 clinical/histopathologically indeterminate rashes, and 7 healthy controls). Our data revealed active proliferative expansion of the Treg and Trm components and universal T cell exhaustion in human rashes, with a relative …

Comprehensive Analysis Of Opioid Use After Common Elective Outpatient Orthopaedic Surgeries, Michael U Okoli, Alexander J. Rondon, Clay B Townsend, Matthew Sherman, Asif M. Ilyas, Rothman Opioid Foundation

Rothman Institute Papers

Background: Prescription opioid abuse remains an ongoing public health crisis, especially in orthopaedic surgery. The purpose of the present study is to analyze opioid-prescribing patterns and investigate risk factors for prolonged opioid use after common outpatient orthopaedic surgical procedures.

Methods: After institutional review board approval, a review of 1,384 patients undergoing common elective outpatient orthopaedic procedures from January 2018 to June 2019 was conducted. Data on controlled substance prescriptions were obtained from the prescription drug monitoring program website. Statistical analysis was done to identify predictors for a second opioid prescription and prolonged opioid use (>6 months).

Results: Over 10% …

"Most Of The Cases Are Very Similar.": Documenting And Corroborating Conflict-Related Sexual Violence Affecting Rohingya Refugees, Lindsey Green, Thomas Mchale, Ranit Mishori, Linda M. Kaljee, Shahanoor Akter Chowdhury

Global Health Initiative Articles

BACKGROUND: In August 2017, a large population of Rohingya from northern Rakhine state in Myanmar fled to Bangladesh due to "clearance operations" by the Myanmar security forces characterized by widespread and systematic violence, including extensive conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV). This study sought to document the patterns of injuries and conditions experienced by the Rohingya, with a specific focus on sexual violence.

METHODS: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 26 health care professionals who cared for Rohingya refugees after their arrival in Bangladesh between November 2019 and August 2020.

RESULTS: Health care workers universally reported hearing accounts and seeing evidence of sexual …

Connectomic Profiling And Vagus Nerve Stimulation Outcomes Study (Connectivos): A Prospective Observational Protocol To Identify Biomarkers Of Seizure Response In Children And Youth, Lauren Siegel, Matthew D Smyth, Et Al

Open Access Publications

INTRODUCTION: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a neuromodulation therapy that can reduce the seizure burden of children with medically intractable epilepsy. Despite the widespread use of VNS to treat epilepsy, there are currently no means to preoperatively identify patients who will benefit from treatment. The objective of the present study is to determine clinical and neural network-based correlates of treatment outcome to better identify candidates for VNS therapy.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: In this multi-institutional North American study, children undergoing VNS and their caregivers will be prospectively recruited. All patients will have documentation of clinical history, physical and neurological examination and …

Prep Patient Attitudes, Beliefs And Perceived Barriers Surrounding Hpv Vaccination: A Qualitative Study Of Semistructured Interviews With Prep Patients In Primary Care Clinics In Kansas And Missouri., Zoe C Sullivan-Blum, Margaret Brophy, Ryan Didde, Radha Nagireddy, Hannah Swagerty, Sumiko Weir, Kevin J. Sykes, Craig Dietz, Marcus Alt, Megha Ramaswamy, Paul Rotert

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: Men who have sex with men who use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have not traditionally been targets for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine programmes, despite their high risk for HPV-related cancers and HPV vaccine being approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for people up to age 45. The objective of this study was to assess attitudes and barriers towards HPV vaccine for adult PrEP users in the primary care context.

METHODS: Semistructured phone interviews of 16 primary care patients taking PrEP in the Kansas City metropolitan area were conducted, with interviews assessing HPV vaccination status, and attitudes, beliefs …

Epistemic Beliefs: Relationship To Future Expectancies And Quality Of Life In Cancer Patients., Paul K J Han, Elizabeth Scharnetzki, Eric Anderson, John Dipalazzo, Tania D Strout, Caitlin Gutheil, F Lee Lucas, Emily A Edelman, Jens Rueter

Faculty Research 2022

CONTEXT: Expectations about the future (future expectancies) are important determinants of psychological well-being among cancer patients, but the strategies patients use to maintain positive and cope with negative expectancies are incompletely understood.

OBJECTIVES: To obtain preliminary evidence on the potential role of one strategy for managing future expectancies: the adoption of "epistemic beliefs" in fundamental limits to medical knowledge.

METHODS: A sample of 1307 primarily advanced-stage cancer patients participating in a genomic tumor testing study in community oncology practices completed measures of epistemic beliefs, positive future expectancies, and mental and physical health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Descriptive and linear regression …

Examining 24-Hour Activity And Sleep Behaviors And Related Determinants In Latino Adolescents And Young Adults With Obesity, Erica G Soltero, Neeku Navabi, Kiley B Vander Wyst, Edith Hernandez, Felipe G Castro, Stephanie L Ayers, Jenny Mendez, Gabriel Q Shaibi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background.

Few studies have examined 24-hour activity and sleep behaviors and their contribution to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Latino adolescents and young adults with obesity.

Aim.

This study included quantitative data on T2D risk and 24-hour activity and sleep behaviors and qualitative data on individual, social, and environmental behavioral determinants.

Method.

A 7 day, 24-hour, wrist-worn accelerometer protocol assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB), sleep, and sleep regularity, in adolescents (N = 38; 12–16 years) and young adults (N = 22; 18–22 years). T2D-related outcomes included adiposity (BMI, BF%, waist circumference), fasting, and 2-hour glucose. …

Food Assistance Use Among Food Bank Clients Affected By Type 2 Diabetes, Eliza Short, Jayati Sharma, Debbe I Thompson, Douglas Taren, Rhonda Gonzalez, Melanie Hingle

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: To understand the perspectives of food bank clients affected by type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Design: Semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with food bank clients.

Setting: Arizona regional food bank.

Participants: Twenty English- and Spanish-speaking food bank clients with T2DM or living with a person with T2DM, aged 45-83 years, majority female, Hispanic, and food insecure.

Phenomenon of interest: Food bank use and preferences, and how these related to T2DM management.

Analysis: A hybrid thematic analysis combining inductive and deductive reasoning.

Results: Three organizing themes emerged from the analysis. First, food assistance was influenced by food preferences and the ability to …

Current And Future Nonstimulants In The Treatment Of Pediatric Adhd: Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors, Receptor Modulators, And Multimodal Agents, Andrew J Cutler, Gregory W Mattingly, Rakesh Jain, Welton O'Neal

Open Access Publications

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the single most common neuropsychiatric disorder with cognitive and behavioral manifestations, often starts in childhood and usually persists into adolescence and adulthood. Rarely seen alone, ADHD is most commonly complicated by other neuropsychiatric disorders that must be factored into any intervention plan to optimally address ADHD symptoms. With more than 30 classical Schedule II (CII) stimulant preparations available for ADHD treatment, only three nonstimulants (atomoxetine and extended-release formulations of clonidine and guanfacine) have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), all of which focus on modulating the noradrenergic system. Given the heterogeneity and …

Applying Implementation Science To Improve Care For Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Laney K Jones, Ross C Brownson, Marc S Williams

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Improving care of individuals with familial hypercholesteremia (FH) is reliant on the synthesis of evidence-based guidelines and their subsequent implementation into clinical care. This review describes implementation strategies, defined as methods to improve translation of evidence into FH care, that have been mapped to strategies from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) compilation.

RECENT FINDINGS: A search using the term 'familial hypercholesterolemia' returned 1350 articles from November 2018 to July 2021. Among these, there were 153 articles related to improving FH care; 1156 were excluded and the remaining 37 were mapped to the ERIC compilation of …

Vestibular Rehabilitation For Peripheral Vestibular Hypofunction: An Updated Clinical Practice Guideline From The Academy Of Neurologic Physical Therapy Of The American Physical Therapy Association, Courtney D Hall, Joel A Goebel, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Uncompensated vestibular hypofunction can result in symptoms of dizziness, imbalance, and/or oscillopsia, gaze and gait instability, and impaired navigation and spatial orientation; thus, may negatively impact an individual's quality of life, ability to perform activities of daily living, drive, and work. It is estimated that one-third of adults in the United States have vestibular dysfunction and the incidence increases with age. There is strong evidence supporting vestibular physical therapy for reducing symptoms, improving gaze and postural stability, and improving function in individuals with vestibular hypofunction. The purpose of this revised clinical practice guideline is to improve quality of care …

Vestibular Rehabilitation For Peripheral Vestibular Hypofunction: An Updated Clinical Practice Guideline From The Academy Of Neurologic Physical Therapy Of The American Physical Therapy Association, Eric R Anson, Wendy J Carender, Carrie W Hoppes, Stephen P Cass, Jennifer B Christy, Helen S Cohen, Terry D Fife, Joseph M Furman, Neil T Shepard, Richard A Clendaniel, J Donald Dishman, Joel A Goebel, Dara Meldrum, Cynthia Ryan, Richard L Wallace, Nakia J Woodward

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Uncompensated vestibular hypofunction can result in symptoms of dizziness, imbalance, and/or oscillopsia, gaze and gait instability, and impaired navigation and spatial orientation; thus, may negatively impact an individual's quality of life, ability to perform activities of daily living, drive, and work. It is estimated that one-third of adults in the United States have vestibular dysfunction and the incidence increases with age. There is strong evidence supporting vestibular physical therapy for reducing symptoms, improving gaze and postural stability, and improving function in individuals with vestibular hypofunction. The purpose of this revised clinical practice guideline is to improve quality of care …