Digital Commons Network^™

Apolipoprotein E But Not B Is Required For The Formation Of Infectious Hepatitis C Virus Particles, Jieyun Jiang, Guangxiang Luo

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Our previous studies have found that hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles are enriched in apolipoprotein E (apoE) and that apoE is required for HCV infectivity and production. Studies by others, however, suggested that both microsomal transfer protein (MTP) and apoB are important for HCV production. To define the roles of apoB and apoE in the HCV life cycle, we developed a single-cycle HCV growth assay to determine the correlation of HCV assembly with apoB and apoE expression, as well as the influence of MTP inhibitors on the formation of HCV particles. The small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of apoE expression …

Effect Of Donor Ethnicity On Kidney Survival In Different Recipient Pairs: An Analysis Of The Optn/Unos Database., C O. Callender, W S. Cherikh, P Traverso, A Hernandez, Tolulope A. Oyetunji, D Chang

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Previous multivariate analysis performed between April 1, 1994, and December 31, 2000 from the Organ Procurement Transplant Network/United Network for Organ Sharing (OPTN/UNOS) database has shown that kidneys from black donors were associated with lower graft survival. We compared graft and patient survival of different kidney donor-to-recipient ethnic combinations to see if this result still holds on a recent cohort of US kidney transplants.

METHODS: We included 72,495 recipients of deceased and living donor kidney alone transplants from 2001 to 2005. A multivariate Cox regression method was used to analyze the effect of donor-recipient ethnicity on graft and patient …

Face Gender And Emotion Expression: Are Angry Women More Like Men?, Ursula Hess, Reginald B. Adams, Karl Grammer, Robert E. Kleck

Dartmouth Scholarship

Certain features of facial appearance perceptually resemble expressive cues related to facial displays of emotion. We hypothesized that because expressive markers of anger (such as lowered eyebrows) overlap with perceptual markers of male sex, perceivers would identify androgynous angry faces as more likely to be a man than a woman (Study 1) and would be slower to classify an angry woman as a woman than an angry man as a man (Study 2). Conversely, we hypothesized that because perceptual features of fear (raised eyebrows) and happiness (a rounded smiling face) overlap with female sex markers, perceivers would be more likely …

Brazilian Adolescents Infected By Hiv: Epidemiologic Characteristics And Adherence To Treatment, Julia K. C. Machado, Maria J. C. Sant'anna, Veronica Coates, Flavia J. Almeida, Eitan N. Berezin, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Over the last 3 decades since the first AIDS cases appeared, we have witnessed great progress in therapeutic methodologies that have transformed the evolution of the disease from debilitating and fatal, into chronic and controllable. HIV-infected children are arriving at adolescence and bringing specific challenges, not only to themselves, but also to their families and caregivers. This retrospective study sets forth epidemiological and treatment characteristics of 46 HIV-infected adolescents followed in a specialized university service relating said characteristics to therapy adherence assessed through a combination of three indirect methods. Therapy adherence did not reveal any association with either epidemiologic characteristics …

Suppression Of Erbb-2 In Androgen-Independent Human Prostate Cancer Cells Enhances Cytotoxic Effect By Gemcitabine In An Androgen-Reduced Environment., Li Zhang, Jeffrey S. Davis, Stanislav Zelivianski, Fen-Fen Lin, Rachel Schutte, Thomas L. Davis, Ralph Hauke, Surinder K. Batra, Ming-Fong Lin

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

We examined the efficacy of combination treatments utilizing cytotoxic drugs plus inhibitors to members of the ErbB-ERK signal pathway in human prostate cancer (PCa) LNCaP C-81 cells. Under an androgen-reduced condition, 50nM gemcitabine caused about 40% growth suppression on C-81 cells. Simultaneous treatment of gemcitabine plus 10microM AG825 produced 60% suppression (p

Decreased Replication Origin Activity In Temporal Transition Regions, Zeqiang Guan, Christina M. Hughes, Settapong Kosiyatrakul, Paolo Norio, Ranjan Sen, Steven Fiering

Dartmouth Scholarship

In the mammalian genome, early- and late-replicating domains are often separated by temporal transition regions (TTRs) with novel properties and unknown functions. We identified a TTR in the mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) locus, which contains replication origins that are silent in embryonic stem cells but activated during B cell development. To investigate which factors contribute to origin activation during B cell development, we systematically modified the genetic and epigenetic status of the endogenous Igh TTR and used a single-molecule approach to analyze DNA replication. Introduction of a transcription unit into the Igh TTR, activation of gene transcription, …

Sox11 Expression Is Highly Specific For Mantle Cell Lymphoma And Identifies The Cyclin D1-Negative Subtype., Ana Mozos, Cristina Royo, Elena Hartmann, Daphne De Jong, Cristina Baró, Alexandra Valera, Kai Fu, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Jan Delabie, Shih-Sung Chuang, Elaine S. Jaffe, Carmen Ruiz-Marcellan, Sandeep Dave, Lisa Rimsza, Rita Braziel, Randy D. Gascoyne, Francisco Solé, Armando López-Guillermo, Dolors Colomer, Louis M. Staudt, Andreas Rosenwald, German Ott, Pedro Jares, Elias Campo

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

BACKGROUND: Cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma is difficult to distinguish from other small B-cell lymphomas. The clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with this form of lymphoma have not been well defined. Overexpression of the transcription factor SOX11 has been observed in conventional mantle cell lymphoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether this gene is expressed in cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma and whether its detection may be useful to identify these tumors.

DESIGN AND METHODS: The microarray database of 238 mature B-cell neoplasms was re-examined. SOX11 protein expression was investigated immunohistochemically in 12 cases of cyclin …

Combination Of Vandetanib, Radiotherapy, And Irinotecan In The Lovo Human Colorectal Cancer Xenograft Model., Phyllis Wachsberger, Randy Burd, Anderson Ryan, Constantine Daskalakis, Adam P. Dicker

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: The tumor growth kinetics of the human LoVo colorectal xenograft model was assessed in response to vandetanib, an orally available receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, radiotherapy (RT), or irinotecan (CPT-11), as single therapies and in combination. METHODS AND MATERIALS: LoVo cells were injected subcutaneously into the right hind limb (5 x 10(6) cells in 100 microL phosphate-buffered saline) of athymic NCR NUM mice and tumors were grown to a volume of 200-300 mm(3) before treatment. Vandetanib was administered at 50 mg/kg daily orally for 14 days starting on Day 1. RT was given as three fractions (3 x 3 Gy) …

Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale Perfectionism: A Predictor And Partial Mediator Of Acute Treatment Outcome Among Clinically Depressed Adolescents., Rachel H. Jacobs, Susan G. Silva, Mark A. Reinecke, John F. Curry, Golda S. Ginsburg, Christopher J. Kratochvil, John S. March

Journal Articles: Psychiatry

The effect of perfectionism on acute treatment outcomes was explored in a randomized controlled trial of 439 clinically depressed adolescents (12-17 years of age) enrolled in the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS) who received cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), fluoxetine, a combination of CBT and FLX, or pill placebo. Measures included the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised, the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-Grades 7-9, and the perfectionism subscale from the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS). Predictor results indicate that adolescents with higher versus lower DAS perfectionism scores at baseline, regardless of treatment, continued to demonstrate elevated depression scores across the acute treatment period. …

An Exploratory Analysis Of The Impact Of Family Functioning On Treatment For Depression In Adolescents., Norah C. Feeny, Susan G. Silva, Mark A. Reinecke, Steven Mcnulty, Robert L. Findling, Paul Rohde, John F. Curry, Golda S. Ginsburg, Christopher J. Kratochvil, Sanjeev M. Pathak, Diane E. May, Betsy D. Kennard, Anne D. Simons, Karen C. Wells, Michele Robins, David Rosenberg, John S. March

Journal Articles: Psychiatry

This article explores aspects of family environment and parent-child conflict that may predict or moderate response to acute treatments among depressed adolescents (N = 439) randomly assigned to fluoxetine, cognitive behavioral therapy, their combination, or placebo. Outcomes were Week 12 scores on measures of depression and global impairment. Of 20 candidate variables, one predictor emerged: Across treatments, adolescents with mothers who reported less parent-child conflict were more likely to benefit than their counterparts. When family functioning moderated outcome, adolescents who endorsed more negative environments were more likely to benefit from fluoxetine. Similarly, when moderating effects were seen on cognitive behavioral …

Embolic Complication Of Tako-Tsubo Cardiomyopathy., Vincent M. Figueredo, S Gupta

Department of Medical Genetics Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Globule Types In Malignant Melanoma, Jin Xu, Kapil Kumar Gupta, William V. Stoecker, Yamini Krishnamurthy, Harold S. Rabinovitz, Austin Bangert, David A. Calcara, Margaret C. Oliviero, Joseph M. Malters, Rhett J. Drugge, R. Joe Stanley, Randy Hays Moss, Mehmed Emre Celebi

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Objective: To identify and analyze subtypes of globules based on size, shape, network connectedness, pigmentation, and distribution to determine which globule types and globule distributions are most frequently associated with a diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Design: Retrospective case series of dermoscopy images with globules. Setting: Private dermatology practices. Participants: Patients in dermatology practices. Intervention: Observation only. Main Outcome Measure: Association of globule types with malignant melanoma. Results: The presence of large globules (odds ratio [OR], 5.25) and globules varying in size (4.72) or shape (5.37) had the highest ORs for malignant melanoma among all globule types and combinations studied. Classical …

Comparing Clinician Knowledge And Online Information Regarding Alli (Orlistat), Stuart Nelson, Kevin O Hwang, Elmer V Bernstam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Many consumers join online communities focused on health. Online forums are a popular medium for the exchange of health information between consumers, so it is important to determine the accuracy and completeness of information posted to online forums.

OBJECTIVE: We compared the accuracy and completeness of information regarding the FDA-approved over-the counter weight-loss drug Alli (Orlistat) from forums and from clinicians.

METHODS: We identified Alli-related questions posted on online forums and then posed the questions to 11 primary care providers. We then compared the clinicians' answers to the answers given on the forums. A panel of blinded experts evaluated …

Mcl-1 Degradation During Hepatocyte Lipoapoptosis., Howard C. Masuoka, Justin L. Mott, Steven F. Bronk, Nathan W. Werneburg, Yuko Akazawa, Scott H. Kaufmann, Gregory J. Gores

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The mechanisms of free fatty acid-induced lipoapoptosis are incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, was rapidly degraded in hepatocytes in response to palmitate and stearate by a proteasome-dependent pathway. Overexpression of a ubiquitin-resistant Mcl-1 mutant in Huh-7 cells attenuated palmitate-mediated Mcl-1 loss and lipoapoptosis; conversely, short hairpin RNA-targeted knockdown of Mcl-1 sensitized these cells to lipoapoptosis. Palmitate-induced Mcl-1 degradation was attenuated by the novel protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor rottlerin. Of the two human novel PKC isozymes, PKCdelta and PKC, only activation of PKC was observed by phospho-immunoblot analysis. As compared with …

Keap1 E3 Ligase-Mediated Downregulation Of Nf-Kappab Signaling By Targeting Ikkbeta, Dung-Fang Lee, Hsu-Ping Kuo, Mo Liu, Chao-Kai Chou, Weiya Xia, Yi Du, Jia Shen, Chun-Te Chen, Longfei Huo, Ming-Chuan Hsu, Chia-Wei Li, Qingqing Ding, Tsai-Lien Liao, Chien-Chen Lai, Ann-Chi Lin, Ya-Hui Chang, Shih-Feng Tsai, Long-Yuan Li, Mien-Chie Hung

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta) is involved in tumor development and progression through activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB pathway. However, the molecular mechanism that regulates IKKbeta degradation remains largely unknown. Here, we show that a Cullin 3 (CUL3)-based ubiquitin ligase, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), is responsible for IKKbeta ubiquitination. Depletion of KEAP1 led to the accumulation and stabilization of IKKbeta and to upregulation of NF-kappaB-derived tumor angiogenic factors. A systematic analysis of the CUL3, KEAP1, and RBX1 genomic loci revealed a high percentage of genome loss and missense mutations in human cancers that failed to facilitate IKKbeta degradation. Our …

Intracranial Eeg Reveals A Time- And Frequency-Specific Role For The Right Inferior Frontal Gyrus And Primary Motor Cortex In Stopping Initiated Responses, Nicole Swann, Nitin Tandon, Ryan Canolty, Timothy M Ellmore, Linda K Mcevoy, Stephen Dreyer, Michael Disano, Adam R Aron

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Inappropriate response tendencies may be stopped via a specific fronto/basal ganglia/primary motor cortical network. We sought to characterize the functional role of two regions in this putative stopping network, the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the primary motor cortex (M1), using electocorticography from subdural electrodes in four patients while they performed a stop-signal task. On each trial, a motor response was initiated, and on a minority of trials a stop signal instructed the patient to try to stop the response. For each patient, there was a greater right IFG response in the beta frequency band ( approximately 16 Hz) …

Pancreatic Cancer Cells Resistance To Gemcitabine: The Role Of Muc4 Mucin., S. Bafna, Sukhwinder Kaur, N. Momi, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

BACKGROUND: A major obstacle to the successful management of pancreatic cancer is to acquire resistance to the existing chemotherapeutic agents. Resistance to gemcitabine, the standard first-line chemotherapeutic agent for advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer, is mainly attributed to an altered apoptotic threshold in the pancreatic cancer. The MUC4 transmembrane glycoprotein is aberrantly overexpressed in the pancreatic cancer and recently, has been shown to increase pancreatic tumour cell growth by the inhibition of apoptosis.

METHODS: Effect of MUC4 on pancreatic cancer cells resistance to gemcitabine was studied in MUC4-expressing and MUC4-knocked down pancreatic cancer cell lines after treatment with gemcitabine by …

Antidepressant-Induced Mania With Concomitant Mood Stabilizer In Patients With Comorbid Substance Abuse And Bipolar Disorder., Daniel Z Lieberman, George Kolodner, Suena H Massey, Kenneth P Williams

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

Antidepressant use in the treatment of bipolar disorder is controversial due the risks of affective switching and cycle acceleration. Studies of non-comorbid samples suggest that the risk can be mitigated with the use of a concomitant mood stabilizer. However, the majority of patients with bipolar disorder will experience a comorbid substance use disorder and little is known about these individuals because they are typically excluded from clinical trials. Patients entering a substance abuse treatment program who had a history of bipolar disorder were interviewed to evaluate antidepressant-induced affective switching with and without concomitant mood stabilizer. Among 41 comorbid participants, the …

The Pars Triangularis In Dyslexia And Adhd: A Comprehensive Approach., Michelle Y. Kibby, Judith M Kroese, Hillery Krebbs, Crystal E Hill, George W Hynd

Publications

Limited research has been conducted on the structure of the pars triangularis (PT) in dyslexia despite functional neuroimaging research finding it may play a role in phonological processing. Furthermore, research to date has not examined PT size in ADHD even though the right inferior frontal region has been implicated in the disorder. Hence, one of the purposes of this study was to examine the structure of the PT in dyslexia and ADHD. The other purposes included examining the PT in relation to overall expressive language ability and in relation to several specific linguistic functions given language functioning often is affected …

Treatment Response In Depressed Adolescents With And Without Co-Morbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder In The Treatment For Adolescents With Depression Study., Christopher J. Kratochvil, Diane E. May, Susan G. Silva, Vishal Madaan, Susan E. Puumala, John F. Curry, John Walkup, Hayden Kepley, Benedetto Vitiello, John S. March

Journal Articles: Psychiatry

OBJECTIVE: In the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS), fluoxetine (FLX) and the combination of fluoxetine with cognitive-behavioral therapy (COMB) had superior improvement trajectories compared to pill placebo (PBO), whereas cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) was not significantly different from PBO. Because attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently co-exist, we examined whether ADHD moderated these outcomes in TADS.

METHOD: A total of 439 adolescents with MDD, 12-17 years old, were randomized to FLX, CBT, COMB, or PBO. Random coefficients regression models examined depression improvement in 377 depressed youths without ADHD and 62 with ADHD, including 20 who were …

Jnk1-Dependent Puma Expression Contributes To Hepatocyte Lipoapoptosis., Sophie C. Cazanave, Justin L. Mott, Nafisa A. Elmi, Steven F. Bronk, Nathan W. Werneburg, Yuko Akazawa, Alisan Kahraman, Sean P. Garrison, Gerard P. Zambetti, Michael R. Charlton, Gregory J. Gores

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Free fatty acids (FFA) induce hepatocyte lipoapoptosis by a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent mechanism. However, the cellular processes by which JNK engages the core apoptotic machinery during lipotoxicity, especially activation of BH3-only proteins, remain incompletely understood. Thus, our aim was to determine whether JNK mediates induction of BH3-only proteins during hepatocyte lipoapoptosis. The saturated FFA palmitate, but not the monounsaturated FFA oleate, induces an increase in PUMA mRNA and protein levels. Palmitate induction of PUMA was JNK1-dependent in primary murine hepatocytes. Palmitate-mediated PUMA expression was inhibited by a dominant negative c-Jun, and direct binding of a phosphorylated c-Jun containing the …

Role Of Mammalian Ecdysoneless In Cell Cycle Regulation., Jun Hyun Kim, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Mayumi Naramura, Ying Zhang, Andrew T. Dudley, Lynn Doglio, Hamid Band, Vimla Band

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

The Ecdysoneless (Ecd) protein is required for cell-autonomous roles in development and oogenesis in Drosophila, but the function of its evolutionarily conserved mammalian orthologs is not clear. To study the cellular function of Ecd in mammalian cells, we generated Ecd(lox/lox) mouse embryonic fibroblast cells from Ecd floxed mouse embryos. Cre-mediated deletion of Ecd in Ecd(lox/lox) mouse embryonic fibroblasts led to a proliferative block due to a delay in G(1)-S cell cycle progression; this defect was reversed by the introduction of human Ecd. Loss of Ecd led to marked down-regulation of E2F target gene expression. Furthermore, Ecd directly bound to Rb …

N-Glycosylation Status Of E-Cadherin Controls Cytoskeletal Dynamics Through The Organization Of Distinct Β-Catenin- And Γ-Catenin-Containing Ajs., Basem T Jamal, Mihai Nita-Lazar, Zhennan Gao, Bakr Amin, Janice Walker, Maria A Kukuruzinska

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

N-glycosylation of E-cadherin has been shown to inhibit cell-cell adhesion. Specifically, our recent studies have provided evidence that the reduction of E-cadherin N-glycosylation promoted the recruitment of stabilizing components, vinculin and serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), to adherens junctions (AJs) and enhanced the association of AJs with the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we examined the details of how N-glycosylation of E-cadherin affected the molecular organization of AJs and their cytoskeletal interactions. Using the hypoglycosylated E-cadherin variant, V13, we show that V13/β-catenin complexes preferentially interacted with PP2A and with the microtubule motor protein dynein. This correlated with dephosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein …

Adapting To Dynamic Stimulus-Response Values: Differential Contributions Of Inferior Frontal, Dorsomedial, And Dorsolateral Regions Of Prefrontal Cortex To Decision Making., Derek G V Mitchell, Qian Luo, Shelley B Avny, Tomasz Kasprzycki, Karanvir Gupta, Gang Chen, Elizabeth C Finger, R James R Blair

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) have all been implicated in resolving decision conflict whether this conflict is generated by having to select between responses of similar value or by making selections following a reversal in reinforcement contingencies. However, work distinguishing their individual functional contributions remains preliminary. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to delineate the functional role of these systems with regard to both forms of decision conflict. Within dmPFC and dlPFC, blood oxygen level-dependent responses increased in response to decision conflict regardless of whether the conflict occurred in the context of …

Neuropeptide Y And Neurovascular Control In Skeletal Muscle And Skin., Gary J Hodges, Dwayne N Jackson, Louis Mattar, John M Johnson, J Kevin Shoemaker

Kinesiology Publications

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a ubiquitous peptide with multiple effects on energy metabolism, reproduction, neurogenesis, and emotion. In addition, NPY is an important sympathetic neurotransmitter involved in neurovascular regulation. Although early studies suggested that the vasoactive effects of NPY were limited to periods of high stress, there is growing evidence for the involvement of NPY on baseline vasomotor tone and sympathetically evoked vasoconstriction in vivo in both skeletal muscle and the cutaneous circulation. In Sprague-Dawley rat skeletal muscle, Y(1)-receptor activation appears to play an important role in the regulation of basal vascular conductance, and this effect is similar in magnitude …

Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Do Not Differentiate Into Dopamine Neurons In Vitro Or After Transplantation In Vivo., Angela E Donaldson, Jingli Cai, Ming Yang, Lorraine Iacovitti

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Although embryonic stem (ES) cells can generate dopamine (DA) neurons that are potentially useful as a cell replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD), associated ethical and practical concerns remain major stumbling blocks to their eventual use in humans. In this study, we examined human amniotic fluid stem (hAFS) cells derived from routine amniocenteses for their potential to give rise to DA neurons in vitro and following transplantation into the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat brain. We show that undifferentiated hAFS cells constitutively expressed mRNAs and proteins typical of stem cells but also cell derivatives of all three germ layers, including neural progenitors/neurons (nestin, …

The Effects Of Shoe Traction And Obstacle Height On Lower Extremity Coordination Dynamics During Walking., Leslie Decker, Jeremy J. Houser, John M. Noble, Gregory M. Karst, Nicholas Stergiou

Journal Articles: Physical Therapy

This study aims to investigate the effects of shoe traction and obstacle height on lower extremity relative phase dynamics (analysis of intralimb coordination) during walking to better understand the mechanisms employed to avoid slippage following obstacle clearance. Ten participants walked at a self-selected pace during eight conditions: four obstacle heights (0%, 10%, 20%, and 40% of limb length) while wearing two pairs of shoes (low and high traction). A coordination analysis was used and phasing relationships between lower extremity segments were examined. The results demonstrated that significant behavioral changes were elicited under varied obstacle heights and frictional conditions. Both decreasing …

The Medicine Wheel Nutrition Intervention: A Diabetes Education Study With The Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Kibbe Conti, Cuirong Ren

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: The Northern Plains Indians of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe have experienced significant lifestyle and dietary changes over the past seven generations that have resulted in increased rates of diabetes and obesity. The objective of this study was to determine if Northern Plains Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are randomized to receive culturally adapted educational lessons based on the Medicine Wheel Model for Nutrition in addition to their usual dietary education will have better control of their type 2 diabetes than a nonintervention, usual care group who received only the usual dietary education from their personal providers. …

Sexuality And Persons With Down Syndrome. A Study From Brazil, Bruna Marques Bononi, Maria José Carvalho Sant'anna, André Chao Vasconcellos De Oliveira, Tadeu Silveira Renattini, Carla Franchi Pinto, Maria Lúcia Passarelli, Verônica Coates, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

In recent years, important gains and changes have been observed in the life of teenagers with Down syndrome (DS) with increased inclusion into society. This review will discuss adolescence and sexuality in teenagers with DS from a descriptive study of 50 patients with DS between the ages of 10 and 20 years. The mean age was 13.5 years, 50% females; 86% went to school with 62.2% in school for over six years. Of the patients that attended school, 60% went to special education school and only 10% read and wrote correctly. In an evaluation of autonomy, 66% took showers, 78% …

Characterization Of Two Outer Membrane Proteins, Flgo And Flgp, That Influence Vibrio Cholerae Motility, Raquel M. Martinez, Madushini N. Dharmasena, Thomas J. Kirn, Ronald K. Taylor

Dartmouth Scholarship

Vibrio cholerae is highly motile by the action of a single polar flagellum. The loss of motility reduces the infectivity of V. cholerae, demonstrating that motility is an important virulence factor. FlrC is the sigma-54-dependent positive regulator of flagellar genes. Recently, the genes VC2206 (flgP) and VC2207 (flgO) were identified as being regulated by FlrC via a microarray analysis of an flrC mutant (D. C. Morris, F. Peng, J. R. Barker, and K. E. Klose, J. Bacteriol. 190:231-239, 2008). FlgP is reported to be an outer membrane lipoprotein required for motility that functions as a colonization factor. The study reported …