Digital Commons Network^™

Unfolding The Mystery Of Autoimmunity: The Environmental Determinants Of Diabetes In The Young (Teddy) Study, Marian Rewers, Daniel Agardh, Suzanne Bennett Johnson, Ezio Bonifacio, Helena Elding Larsson, Patricia Gesualdo, William Hagopian, Michael J Haller, Heikki Hyöty, Randi Johnson, Richard Mcindoe, Eoin Mckinney, Jessica Melin, Åke Lernmark, Richard E Lloyd, Kristian F Lynch, Jill M Norris, Stephen S Rich, Roswith Roth, Desmond Schatz, Jorma Toppari, Eric Triplett, Kendra Vehik, Suvi M Virtanen, Anette-G Ziegler, Beena Akolkar, Jeffrey P Krischer, Teddy Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In 2025, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health celebrates 75 years of leadership in diabetes research. The NIDDK serves people of the U.S. affected by or at risk for many chronic diseases, including diabetes and other endocrine, metabolic, and digestive disorders, by funding innovative research to develop better treatment and prevention and a cure for these conditions. Autoimmunity that leads to type 1 diabetes or celiac disease or thyroid autoimmunity affects 1 in 20 children and adolescents in the U.S. While treatments are available, prevention of these common autoimmune …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Screening Tools For Depression And Anxiety In Cervical Dystonia, Davide Martino, Mehrafarin Ramezani, Steven Bellows, Brian D Berman, Florence Ching-Fen Chang, Jeanne Feuerstein, Victor Fung, Gamze Kilic Berkmen, Irene A Malaty, Claire Maciver, Scott A Norris, Kathryn J Peall, Joel S Perlmutter, Sarah Pirio Richardson, Laura J Wright, Zahra Goodarzi, Hyder A Jinnah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Despite their high prevalence and impact, depression and anxiety are not routinely screened for, and accuracy of screening procedures is unknown in adult-onset dystonia. We evaluated accuracy parameters of selected self-rated scales for depression and anxiety in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD).

Methods: Two-hundred-and-ten patients with idiopathic CD were recruited from 10 movement disorders centers from the US, Canada, Australia, and UK. At the end of each botulinum toxin cycle, participants were administered the Adult Standard Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) as reference standard for depression and anxiety. Participants completed 8 self-administered index instruments (2 for depression, 2 for …

Identification Of Distinct Biological Groups Of Patients With Cryptogenic Norse Via Inflammatory Profiling, Martin Guillemaud, Mario Chavez, Firas Kobeissy, Annamaria Vezzani, Anthony D Jimenez, Maysaa Merhi Basha, Ayush Batra, Sophie Demeret, Onome Eka, Krista Eschbach, Brandon Foreman, Nicolas Gaspard, Elizabeth E Gerard, Teneille Emma Gofton, Hiba A Haider, Stephen T Hantus, Charles L Howe, Amy Jongeling, Mariel Kalkach-Aparicio, Padmaja Kandula, Karnig Kazazian, Minjee Kim, Yi-Chen Lai, Clémence Marois, Andrew Mellor, Wazim Mohamed, Mikaela Morales, Cederic M Pimentel, Alexandra M Ramirez, Claude Steriade, Aaron F Struck, Olga Taraschenko, Nathan Torcida Sedano, Mark S Wainwright, Ji Yeoun Yoo, Kevin K W Wang, Vincent Navarro, Lawrence J Hirsch, Aurélie Hanin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and objectives: Emerging evidence suggests that immune dysregulation plays a pivotal role in triggering cryptogenic new-onset refractory status epilepticus (c-NORSE), prompting a consensus on early initiation of immunotherapy. However, despite similar timing of administration, responses to immunotherapies have been varied and unpredictable, suggesting the presence of heterogeneous underlying mechanisms. The aim of this study was to identify distinct inflammatory response subtypes in patients with c-NORSE by analyzing their cytokine profiles. Insights into underlying mechanisms were sought to understand the pathophysiology and guide personalized therapies to improve patient outcomes.

Methods: Sixty-two patients with c-NORSE were included. A comprehensive panel …

Definition And Classification Of Dystonia, Alberto Albanese, Kailash P Bhatia, Victor S C Fung, Mark Hallett, Joseph Jankovic, Christine Klein, Joachim K Krauss, Anthony E Lang, Jonathan W Mink, Sanjay Pandey, Jan K Teller, Marina A J Tijssen, Marie Vidailhet, H A Jinnah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Dystonia is a movement disorder with varied clinical features and diverse etiologies. Here we present a revision of the 2013 consensus definition and classification of dystonia in light of subsequent publications and experience with its application during the last decade. A panel of movement disorder specialists with expertise in dystonia reviewed the original document and proposed some revision. There was broad consensus to retain the definition of dystonia with only minor clarifications to the wording. Dystonia is defined as a movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent abnormal movements, postures, or both. Dystonic movements and postures are typically patterned and …

Clinical Assessment On Days 1-14 For The Characterization Of Traumatic Brain Injury: Recommendations From The 2024 Ninds Traumatic Brain Injury Classification And Nomenclature Initiative Clinical/Symptoms Working Group, David K Menon, Noah D Silverberg, Adam R Ferguson, Thomas J Bayuk, Shubhayu Bhattacharyay, David L Brody, Scott A Cota, Ari Ercole, Anthony Figaji, Guoyi Gao, Christopher C Giza, Fiona Lecky, Rebekah Mannix, Ana Mikolić, Kasey E Moritz, Claudia S Robertson, Abel Torres-Espin, Spyridoula Tsetsou, John K Yue, Hibah O Awad, Kristen Dams-O'Connor, Adele Doperalski, Andrew I R Maas, Michael A Mccrea, Nsini Umoh, Geoffrey T Manley

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The current classification of traumatic brain injury (TBI) primarily uses the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) to categorize injuries as mild (GCS 13-15), moderate (GCS 9-12), or severe (GCS ≤8). However, this system is unsatisfactory, as it overlooks variations in injury severity, clinical needs, and prognosis. A recent report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (USA) recommended updating the classification system, leading to a workshop in 2024 by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. This resulted in the development of a new clinical, biomarker, imaging, and modifier (CBI-M) framework, with input from six working groups, including …

Fetal Body Composition And Organ Volume Trajectories In Association With Maternal Perceived Stress Or Depressive Symptoms In The Fetal 3d Study, Alexandra Jean-Louis, Jessica L Gleason, Zhen Chen, Kathryn A Wagner, William A Grobman, Roger B Newman, Wesley Lee, Robert Gore-Langton, Seth Sherman, John Owen, Deborah A Wing, Daniel W Skupski, Jagteshwar Grewal, Katherine L Grantz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Evaluate associations between maternal perceived stress and depressive symptoms, and fetal body composition and organ volumes.

Methods: In the NICHD Fetal 3D Study (2015-2019; n = 2457), stress and depressive symptoms were assessed at enrollment (10-13 weeks). High stress was defined as a Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score ≥15 and high depressive symptoms, defined as an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score ≥10. Fetal body composition and organ volumes (cerebellar, lung, liver, and kidney) were measured up to five times between 15 and 40 weeks using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound technology. Trajectories of body composition and organ volumes across pregnancy …

Figo Position Statement: Gamete Donations, Laurie Henry, Aris Antsaklis, Dov Feldberg, Jaideep Malhotra, Suchitra Pandit, Carlos Salazar, Alex Vidaeff, Rafal Zadykowicz, M Louise Hull, Nikhil Purandare

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Gamete donation has become a crucial part of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs), providing hope to individuals, including those who may have no other option for parenthood. This process comes with a wide range of ethical, medical, and legal challenges that need to be carefully addressed to protect the well-being and rights of all parties involved: donors, recipients, and offspring. Navigating these complexities requires strict ethical standards, robust regulatory frameworks, and international collaboration. By standardizing these, the field of gamete donation can continue to develop while ensuring that all parties are well informed and safeguarded. This paper explores the ethical concerns …

A Hypomorphic Model Of Cps1 Deficiency For Investigating The Effects Of Hyperammonemia On The Developing Nervous System, Stuti Bakshi, Taryn Diep, Brandon J Willis, Rachel Reyes, Grace F Wu, Georgios Makris, Martin Poms, Isabel Day, Qin Sun, Irina Zhuravka, Lindsay Lueptow, Michelle Tang, Gareth A Cromie, Aimée M Dudley, Johannes Häberle, Gerald S Lipshutz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder that, in neonatal onset, is typically characterized by severe life-threatening and neurologically injuring hyperammonemic episodes with high unmet patient need. Patients that retain limited enzyme activity may present later in life with less severe hyperammonemia. CPS1 drives the first step in the urea cycle, the pathway terrestrial mammals utilize to metabolize nitrogen. In order to probe the effect of hyperammonemia on the developing nervous system and explore new therapies, a murine Cps1 exon 3-4 mutant was previously generated. However, these mice die within 24 h of birth, limiting study …

"Holy Cow, Where Do I Sign Up?" Attitudes Of Military Veterans Toward Epigenomic Biomarker Toxic Exposure Testing, Stacey Pereira, Calvin Apodaca, Kyle Slominski, Rachele K Lipsky, Cristian Coarfa, Cheryl L Walker, Amy L Mcguire, Lea Steele, Drew A Helmer

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Introduction: After the Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring Our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics (PACT) Act in 2022, there has been a great interest in studying toxic exposures encountered during military service. Development of epigenomic biomarkers for exposures could facilitate understanding of exposure-related health effects, but such testing could also provide unwanted information.

Materials and methods: We explored attitudes toward epigenomic biomarker research and the potential to test for past exposures using semistructured interviews with Veterans (n = 22) who experienced potentially harmful exposures.

Results: Twenty Veterans said they would hypothetically want to receive …

The Epilepsy Centers Of Excellence At The Veterans Health Administration, Zulfi Haneef, Caleb A Casanova, Vincent Zhang, Jennifer R Bonds King, Rizwana Rehman, Nina I Garga, Glenn D Graham, Alan R Towne

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Epilepsy Centers of Excellence (ECoE) was established in 2008 to provide specialized care for veterans with epilepsy. Although established more than a decade ago, there has been no systematic evaluation of the ECoE's performance in key mission areas. We evaluated their performance in several key mission areas-clinical care, research, education, and outreach-since inception to evaluate their success in meeting the initial mandate.

Materials and methods: We analyzed available data from relevant literature, ECoE annual reports, and the ECoE website between 2011 and 2023. Clinical care is the primary mission of the ECoE and was …

A Conditional Point Cloud Diffusion Model For Deformable Liver Motion Tracking Via A Single Arbitrarily-Angled X-Ray Projection, Jiacheng Xie, Hua-Chieh Shao, Yunxiang Li, Shunyu Yan, Chenyang Shen, Jing Wang, You Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective. Deformable liver motion tracking using a single x-ray projection enables real-time motion monitoring and treatment intervention. We introduce a conditional point cloud diffusion (PCD) model-based framework for accurate and robust liver motion tracking from arbitrarily angled single x-ray projections. Approach. We propose a conditional PCD model for liver motion tracking (PCD-Liver), which estimates volumetric liver motion by solving deformable vector fields (DVFs) of a prior liver surface point cloud, based on a single x-ray image. It is a patient-specific model of two main components: a rigid alignment model to estimate the liver’s overall shifts, and a conditional PCD …

Assessing The Impact Of Home Environmental Exposures On Allergic Rhinitis Using Real-Time Air Quality Monitoring And Symptom Assessment: Observational Feasibility Study., Aero Cavalier, Anthony I. Dick, Vickie Johnson Ii, Emily Cramer, Kamal Eldeirawi, Jayant Pinto, Sharmilee M. Nyenhuis, Victoria S. Lee

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Rhinitis is the most common sinonasal condition and poses a significant cost burden. Rhinitis symptom control is associated with exposure to environmental triggers (eg, aeroallergens, pollutants, and irritants). While people spend much of their time at home, studies examining the association of rhinitis symptoms with home environmental exposures, especially in low-income, urban, and racial or ethnic minorities, are limited. Frequently, 3 types of surveys are used in ecological momentary assessment (EMA): a survey conducted at a predetermined rate, an event-triggered survey, and a follow-up survey to gauge behavioral changes in response to the event.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to …

Exploring Predictors Of Treatment Response To Glp-1 Receptor Agonists For Smoking Cessation, Luba Yammine, Constanza De Dios, Robert Suchting, Charles E Green, David A Nielsen, Consuelo Walss-Bass, Joy M Schmitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Understanding predictors of smoking cessation medication efficacy facilitates the ability to enhance treatment effectiveness. In our pilot trial, exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, adjunct to nicotine patch improved smoking abstinence compared to nicotine patch alone. This secondary analysis explores potential baseline characteristics associated with differential treatment response to exenatide.

Aims and methods: The parent trial randomized (1:1) 84 smokers with prediabetes and/or overweight to once-weekly placebo or exenatide, 2 mg, subcutaneously. All participants received nicotine patch (21 mg) and brief smoking cessation counseling, with biologically confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence at week 6 (end-of-treatment) deemed the primary outcome. …

Multi-Ancestry Genome-Wide Association Analyses Incorporating Snp-By-Psychosocial Interactions Identify Novel Loci For Serum Lipids, Amy R Bentley, Michael R Brown, Solomon K Musani, Karen L Schwander, Thomas W Winkler, Mario Sims, Tuomas O Kilpeläinen, Hugues Aschard, Traci M Bartz, Lawrence F Bielak, Jin-Fang Chai, Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala, Nora Franceschini, Mariaelisa Graff, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P Hartwig, Andrea R V R Horimoto, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K Manning, Ilja M Nolte, Raymond Noordam, Melissa A Richard, Albert V Smith, Yun Ju Sung, Dina Vojinovic, Rujia Wang, Yujie Wang, Mary F Feitosa, Sarah E Harris, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Giorgio Pistis, Rainer Rauramaa, Peter J Van Der Most, Erin Ware, Stefan Weiss, Wanqing Wen, Lisa R Yanek, Dan E Arking, Donna K Arnett, Christie Ballantyne, Eric Boerwinkle, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Martha L Daviglus, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Paul S De Vries, Joseph A C Delaney, Amanda M Fretts, Lynette Ekunwe, Jessica D Faul, Linda C Gallo, Sami Heikkinen, Georg Homuth, M Arfan Ikram, Carmen R Isasi, Jost Bruno Jonas, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Pirjo Komulainen, Aldi T Kraja, Jose E Krieger, Lenore Launer, Lifelines Cohort Study, Jianjun Liu, Kurt Lohman, Annemarie I Luik, Ani W Manichaikul, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Yuri Milaneschi, Stanford E Mwasongwe, Jeffrey R O'Connell, Kenneth Rice, Stephen S Rich, Pamela J Schreiner, Lars Schwettmann, James M Shikany, Xiao-Ou Shu, Jennifer A Smith, Harold Snieder, Nona Sotoodehnia, E Shyong Tai, Kent D Taylor, Lesley Tinker, Michael Y Tsai, André G Uitterlinden, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Diana Van Heemst, Melanie Waldenberger, Robert B Wallace, Hwee-Lin Wee, David R Weir, Wen-Bin Wei, Ko Willems Van Dijk, Gregory Wilson, Jie Yao, Kristin L Young, Xiaoyu Zhang, Wei Zhao, Xiaofeng Zhu, Alan B Zonderman, Ian J Deary, Christian Gieger, Hans Jörgen Grabe, Timo A Lakka, Terho Lehtimäki, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Martin Preisig, Ya-Xing Wang, Wei Zheng, Michele K Evans, Michael Province, James Gauderman, Vilmundur Gudnason, Catharina A Hartman, Bernardo L Horta, Sharon L R Kardia, Charles Kooperberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Brenda Wjh Penninx, Alexandre C Pereira, Patricia A Peyser, Bruce M Psaty, Jerome I Rotter, Xueling Sim, Kari E North, Dabeeru C Rao, Laura Bierut, Clint L Miller, Alanna C Morrison, Charles N Rotimi, Myriam Fornage, Ervin R Fox

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Serum lipid levels, which are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, are key determinants of cardiometabolic health and are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Improving our understanding of their underlying biological mechanisms can have important public health and therapeutic implications. Although psychosocial factors, including depression, anxiety, and perceived social support, are associated with serum lipid levels, it is unknown if they modify the effect of genetic loci that influence lipids. We conducted a genome-wide gene-by-psychosocial factor interaction (G×Psy) study in up to 133,157 individuals to evaluate if G×Psy influences serum lipid levels. We conducted a two-stage meta-analysis …

When Access Is Not Enough: The Role Of Utilization Barriers In Nutrition Security And Cardiometabolic Risk, Maha Almohamad, Ruosha Li, Natalia I Heredia, Jayna M Dave, Eric E Calloway, Anjail Z Sharrief, Shreela V Sharma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Food and nutrition security are key social determinants of cardiometabolic health. While food security reflects access to sufficient food, nutrition security incorporates the quality, consistency, and usability of food that supports long-term health. However, few studies have examined how household-level barriers to food utilization shape these relationships. Objective: This study assessed whether tangible (e.g., equipment, storage) and intangible (e.g., time, knowledge) food utilization barriers modify the associations between food and nutrition security and cardiometabolic outcomes in low-income adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 486 low-income adults across five U.S. states. Participants reported household food security (USDA …

Cardiovascular Health In Cardiac Rehabilitation: Applying The American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 Framework In A Center-Based Cohort, Audry Chacin-Suarez, Tomoaki Hama, Matthew P. Johnson, Helayna Abraham, Thomas P. Olson, Laprincess C. Brewer

Einstein Health Papers

BACKGROUND: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a comprehensive secondary cardiovascular disease program with structured lifestyle interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality. The American Heart Association cardiovascular health (CVH) framework measures health-promoting behaviors and clinical factors, but it has not been rigorously evaluated in the CR setting.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed patients attending CR from January 2018 to September 2020. Patients were evaluated at baseline (pre-CR) and completion (post-CR) using 3 clinical factors (blood pressure, cholesterol, and hemoglobin A1c) and 4 health behaviors (smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and diet). CVH score was computed as a composite of each …

Effectiveness Of Digital Behavioral Activation Interventions For Depression And Anxiety: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Eric Jia, Jushawn Macon, Michelle Doering, Joanna Abraham

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: As digital interventions gain prominence in mental health care, they present opportunities to improve access and scalability. Despite their potential, the overall impact of digital behavioral activation (BA) interventions across different formats and populations is not yet fully understood.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review examines the characteristics and functions of digital BA interventions and evaluates their effectiveness for mental health and other patient-related outcomes.

METHODS: A comprehensive search of databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, APA PsycInfo, and ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed in November 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of digital BA interventions for depression and …

The Effectiveness Of Clinical Frailty Assessment In Older Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury In Predicting Outcome And Quality Of Life: A Systematic Review, Elizabeth Cray, Nida Javed Hayat, Chi Ho Song, Max Western, Ellie Edlmann

Peninsula Medical School

Ground-level falls are the most common cause of Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leading to emergency hospital admissions, in adults aged 65 years and older. The world’s population is ageing and frailty is becoming more relevant in healthcare provision, therefore assessment of frailty on admission is integral to care planning. Identifying whether frailty is a risk factor for poor outcomes may facilitate clinical decision making and direct care appropriately. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a clinical frailty assessment or scale in predicting outcomes in older patients following a TBI, including mortality, functional recovery, hospital length of stay, and …

Applying The Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-Up, Spread, And Sustainability (Nasss) Framework To Adapt The Champ App For Pediatric Feeding Tube Weaning: Application And Case Report., Dana Bakula, Alexandra Zax, Sarah T. Edwards, Kristina Nash, April Escobar, Rachel Graham, Amy Ricketts, Ryan Thompson, Sarah Bullard, Julianne Brogren, Leah Shimmens, Lori A. Erickson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based tube feeding (TF) weaning involves reducing the volume of tube feeds to induce hunger, with interdisciplinary monitoring to allow for proactive medical, nutritional, and behavioral intervention as needed. This can be done outpatient; however, the current standard of care requires a high degree of medical monitoring and care coordination, which can be challenging to implement. The CHAMP App is a mobile app designed for remote patient monitoring of children born with congenital heart conditions who are at high risk for medical morbidity and mortality. The CHAMP App remote patient monitoring program would be ideally suited to improve medical …

Asymmetric Cingulum Bundle Connectivity Is Modulated By Paracingulate Sulcus Morphology, Isabel A Danstrom, Joshua A Adkinson, Meghan E Robinson, Lu Lin, Atul Maheshwari, Ben Shofty, Garrett Banks, Mohammed Hasen, Sameer A Sheth, Alica M Goldman, Eleonora Bartoli, Sarah R Heilbronner, Kelly R Bijanki

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The cingulum bundle (CB) is a group of axons supporting connectivity among several functional brain networks relevant in healthy and diseased states. The paracingulate sulcus (PCS) is present in at least one cerebral hemisphere across 70% of the population. PCS presence versus absence is linked to differences in structure and function of the anterior cingulate cortex, though the influence of PCS on the white matter of the CB remains unknown. The objective of this work was to define the CB electrographic connectivity profile and determine the impact of PCS morphology on CB engagement. Single-pulse electrical stimulation in combination with stereo-electroencephalography …

Management Of Embedded Unexploded Ordnance In Low-Resource Settings: A Scoping Review, Eric S. Weinstein, David Nitsch, Chris Leboa, S. Yves G. Sanou, Yves Aziz Nacanabo, Serhii Tertyshnyii, Amila Ratnayake, Akul Gupta, David T. Walker, Paul Amoroso, Barclay Stewart, Hannah Wild

College of Health Professions Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: When unexploded ordnance (UXO) is embedded in the body, the effect of explosive weapons used in conflict is amplified. Though relatively rare, such events present potentially devastating consequences for the patient and medical providers as routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedures hold potential to initiate detonation of the embedded UXO (eUXO). The objective is to identify and synthesize available literature relating to the management of eUXO in low resource settings.

METHODS: A scoping review was conducted using PRISMA-ScR methodology to evaluate literature in all languages from all date ranges until January 31, 2024, discussing the management of casualties with eUXO, …

Enhancing Dementia Classification For Diverse Demographic Groups: Using Vision Transformer-Based Continuous Scoring Of Clock Drawing Tests., Mengyao Hu, Yi Lu Murphey, Tian Qin, Edmundo R Melipillán, Laura B Zahodne, Richard Gonzalez, Vicki A Freedman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias significantly affect older adults' quality of life. The clock-drawing test (CDT) is a widely used dementia screening tool due to its ease of administration and effectiveness. However, manual CDT-coding in large-scale studies can be time-intensive and prone to coding errors and is typically limited to ordinal responses. In this study, we developed a continuous CDT score using a deep learning neural network (DLNN) and evaluated its ability to classify participants as having dementia or not.

Methods: Using a nationally representative sample of older adults from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), we …

Structure-Function Coupling In The First Month Of Life: Associations With Age And Attention, Ursula A Tooley, Jeanette K Kenley, M Catalina Camacho, Aidan Latham, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Ashley N Nielsen, Tara A Smyser, Barbara B Warner, Joshua S Shimony, Jeffrey J Neil, Joan L Luby, Deanna M Barch, Cynthia E Rogers, Christopher D Smyser

2020-Current year OA Pubs

How brain structure relates to function is a critical and open question in neuroscience. Here, we characterize regional variation in structure-function coupling, capturing the degree to which a cortical region's structural connections relate to patterns of coordinated neural activity in healthy, term-born neonates (

Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization For Chronic Subdural Hematoma: Meta-Analysis Of Three Randomized Controlled Trials And Review Of Ongoing Trials., Gillespie Cs, M Veremu, Cook Wh, M Ashraf, Lee Ks, Y Chedid, Alam Am, Y Karepov, Davies Bm, E Edlmann, P Papanagiotou, S Korfias, T Santarius, A Kolias

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization (MMAE) has been proposed as adjunct and stand-alone treatment for Chronic Subdural Hematoma (CSDH). We aimed to meta-analyze three recently published randomized controlled trials, to reliably estimate the effect of MMAE. We also carried out a systematic review of ongoing trials and their key outcomes. Methods: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis was conducted (PROSPERO ID CRD42024618816). Three published RCTs (MAGIC-MT, EMBOLISE, and STEM) assessing MMAE in CSDH were included. Trial primary outcomes were pooled for analysis using random effects models. Primary and secondary outcomes (recurrence/surgical rescue, functional outcome) were obtained, stratified by treatment group (undergoing surgery, and …

A Cascading Effects Model Of Early Sensory Development In Autism, Natalie Russo, Carissa J. Cascio, Grace T. Baranek, Tiffany G. Woynaroski, Zachary J. Williams, Shulamite A. Green, Roseann Schaaf

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Autism has historically been defined by the presence of differences in social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities (RRBs). Since 2013 when the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was published, sensory features were added as one of the polythetic restricted and repetitive behavior diagnostic criteria of autism, though it has remained understudied. Here, we summarize theory and research to provide support for the perspective that early sensory functions and experiences play a primary role in autism and have downstream effects on social communication and repetitive behavioral features of autism. The …

Cognition And Behavior In Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Report And Perspective From The Cognition And Behavior In Nf1 (Cabin) Task Force, David H Gutmann, Corina Anastasaki, Aditi Gupta, Yang Hou, Stephanie M Morris, Jonathan M Payne, Jacob Raber, Seth M Tomchik, Linda Van Aelst, James A Walker, Kaleb H Yohay

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are prone to the evolution of neurodevelopmental symptomatology including motor delays, learning disabilities, autism, and attention deficits. Caused by heterozygous germline mutations in the

Advances In Molecular Imaging Of Vegfrs: Innovations In Imaging And Therapeutics, Hanieh Karimi, Sarah Lee, Wenqi Xu, Sigrid A. Langhans, David K. Johnson, Erik Stauff, Heidi H. Kecskemethy, Lauren W. Averill, Xuyi Yue

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) are key regulators of angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and vascular permeability, playing essential roles in both physiological and pathological processes. The VEGFR family, including VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, interacts with structurally related VEGF ligands (VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGFD, and placental growth factor [PlGF]), activating downstream signaling pathways that mediate critical cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, and survival. Dysregulation of VEGFR signaling has been implicated in numerous diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular conditions, and inflammatory disorders. Targeting VEGFRs with radiopharmaceuticals, such as radiolabeled peptides, antibodies, and specific tracers like 64Cu-bevacizumab and 89Zr-ramucirumab, has emerged as a powerful …

Career Impact Of The National Interprofessional Fellowship In Patient Safety: An Alumni Evaluation, Bradley V Watts, Kathleen Carluzzo, Blake F Webb, Kelley Arredondo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: There has been a proliferation of health professions training programmes focused on quality and patient safety, but little information regarding the outcomes of these programmes. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an interprofessional quality and patient safety curriculum on career outcomes of interprofessional healthcare learners for the Veterans Affairs Patient Safety Fellowship.

Method: We conducted a survey-based assessment of 117 alumni of the Interprofessional Fellowship in Patient Safety assessing their satisfaction with the training program and career impacts.

Results: 84 of 117 alumni were located and participated in the assessment. Fellows entered the training …

Social, Microbial, And Immune Factors Linking Bacterial Vaginosis And Infectious Diseases, Nicole M. Gilbert, Luis A. Ramirez Hernandez, Daniela Berman, Sydney Morrill, Pascal Gagneux, Amanda L. Lewis

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a polymicrobial condition of the vaginal microbiota associated with a variety of sexually transmitted infections, infections of maternal and fetal tissues during pregnancy, and even some infections outside of the reproductive tract, including the urinary tract and mouth. BV has also been associated with conditions in which the body generates prominent inflammatory reactions to microbes, including infections of the cervix and other upper genital tract tissues. For reasons still not understood, BV is a highly recurrent and often difficult-to-treat condition, complicating attempts to prevent these associated infections. An additional layer of complexity arises from the increasing …

Innate Lymphoid Cells In Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Xin Yao, Kaiming Ma, Yangzhuangzhuang Zhu, Siyan Cao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with rising incidence and an unclear etiology. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have recently emerged as key regulators of mucosal immunity and tissue homeostasis and are increasingly implicated in IBD. Unlike adaptive lymphocytes, ILCs do not require antigen recognition and clonal expansion to respond rapidly to environmental cues and shape immune responses. In a healthy gut, ILCs maintain intestinal homeostasis by guarding the epithelial barrier, protecting against pathogens, and mounting proper responses to external insults. However, their altered differentiation, proliferation, recruitment, activation, …