Digital Commons Network^™

A Qualitative Exploration Of The Functional, Social, And Emotional Impacts Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On People Who Use Drugs, Erin L Kelly, Megan K Reed, Kathryn M Schoenauer, Kelsey Smith, Kristina Scalia-Jackson, Sequoia Kay Hill, Erica Li, Lara Weinstein

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

Since 2020, people who use drugs (PWUD) experienced heightened risks related to drug supply disruptions, contamination, overdose, social isolation, and increased stress. This study explored how the lives of PWUD changed in Philadelphia over a one-year period. Using semi-structured interviews with 20 participants in a Housing First, low-barrier medication for opioid use (MOUD) program in Philadelphia, the effects of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic on the daily lives, resources, functioning, substance use, and treatment of PWUD were explored. Interviews were analyzed using a combination of directed and conventional content analysis. Six overarching themes emerged during data analysis: (1) …

Insomnia Complaints And Perceived Immune Fitness In Young Adults With And Without Self-Reported Impaired Wound Healing, Jessica Balikji, Maarten M. Hoogbergen, Johan Garssen, Thomas Roth, Joris C. Verster

Sleep Medicine Articles

Background and Objectives: Adequate sleep and an effective immune system are both essential to maintain a good health status. The current study aimed to determine the nature of insomnia complaints and perceived immune fitness among Dutch young adults with and without self-reported impaired wound healing.

Materials and Methods: A total of (n = 2033) Dutch students (83.8% women) completed an online survey. Perceived immune fitness was assessed with a single-item scale and insomnia complaints with the SLEEP-50 insomnia subscale. The sample comprised a control group without self-reported impaired wound healing (n = 1622), a wound infection (WI) group (n = …

A Multi-Layer Functional Genomic Analysis To Understand Noncoding Genetic Variation In Lipids, Shweta Ramdas, Jonathan Judd, Sarah E Graham, Stavroula Kanoni, Yuxuan Wang, Ida Surakka, Brandon Wenz, Shoa L Clarke, Alessandra Chesi, Andrew Wells, Konain Fatima Bhatti, Sailaja Vedantam, Thomas W Winkler, Adam E Locke, Eirini Marouli, Greg J M Zajac, Kuan-Han H Wu, Ioanna Ntalla, Qin Hui, Derek Klarin, Austin T Hilliard, Zeyuan Wang, Chao Xue, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Anna Helgadottir, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Hilma Holm, Isleifur Olafsson, Mi Yeong Hwang, Sohee Han, Masato Akiyama, Saori Sakaue, Chikashi Terao, Masahiro Kanai, Wei Zhou, Ben M Brumpton, Humaira Rasheed, Aki S Havulinna, Yogasudha Veturi, Jennifer Allen Pacheco, Elisabeth A Rosenthal, Todd Lingren, Qiping Feng, Iftikhar J Kullo, Akira Narita, Jun Takayama, Hilary C Martin, Karen A Hunt, Bhavi Trivedi, Jeffrey Haessler, Franco Giulianini, Yuki Bradford, Jason E Miller, Archie Campbell, Kuang Lin, Iona Y Millwood, Asif Rasheed, George Hindy, Jessica D Faul, Wei Zhao, David R Weir, Constance Turman, Hongyan Huang, Mariaelisa Graff, Ananyo Choudhury, Dhriti Sengupta, Anubha Mahajan, Michael R Brown, Weihua Zhang, Ketian Yu, Ellen M Schmidt, Anita Pandit, Stefan Gustafsson, Xianyong Yin, Jian'an Luan, Jing-Hua Zhao, Fumihiko Matsuda, Hye-Mi Jang, Kyungheon Yoon, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Achilleas Pitsillides, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Andrew R Wood, Yingji Ji, Zishan Gao, Simon Haworth, Ruth E Mitchell, Jin Fang Chai, Mette Aadahl, Anne A Bjerregaard, Jie Yao, Ani Manichaikul, Wen-Jane Lee, Chao Agnes Hsiung, Helen R Warren, Julia Ramirez, Jette Bork-Jensen, Line L Kårhus, Anuj Goel, Maria Sabater-Lleal, Raymond Noordam, Pala Mauro, Floris Matteo, Aaron F Mcdaid, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Matthias Wielscher, Stella Trompet, Naveed Sattar, Line T Møllehave, Matthias Munz, Lingyao Zeng, Jianfeng Huang, Bin Yang, Alaitz Poveda, Azra Kurbasic, Sebastian Schönherr, Lukas Forer, Markus Scholz, Tessel E Galesloot, Jonathan P Bradfield, Sanni E Ruotsalainen, E Warwick Daw, Joseph M Zmuda, Jonathan S Mitchell, Christian Fuchsberger, Henry Christensen, Jennifer A Brody, Phuong Le, Mary F Feitosa, Mary K Wojczynski, Daiane Hemerich, Michael Preuss, Massimo Mangino, Paraskevi Christofidou, Niek Verweij, Jan W Benjamins, Jorgen Engmann, Tsao L Noah, Anurag Verma, Roderick C Slieker, Ken Sin Lo, Nuno R Zilhao, Marcus E Kleber, Graciela E Delgado, Shaofeng Huo, Daisuke D Ikeda, Hiroyuki Iha, Jian Yang, Jun Liu, Ayşe Demirkan, Hampton L Leonard, Jonathan Marten, Carina Emmel, Börge Schmidt, Laura J Smyth, Marisa Cañadas-Garre, Chaolong Wang, Masahiro Nakatochi, Andrew Wong, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Xueling Sim, Rui Xia, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Juan Carlos Fernandez-Lopez, Valeriya Lyssenko, Suraj S Nongmaithem, Alagu Sankareswaran, Marguerite R Irvin, Christopher Oldmeadow, Han-Na Kim, Seungho Ryu, Paul R H J Timmers, Liubov Arbeeva, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Leslie A Lange, Gauri Prasad, Laura Lorés-Motta, Marc Pauper, Jirong Long, Xiaohui Li, Elizabeth Theusch, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Cassandra N Spracklen, Anu Loukola, Sailalitha Bollepalli, Sophie C Warner, Ya Xing Wang, Wen B Wei, Teresa Nutile, Daniela Ruggiero, Yun Ju Sung, Shufeng Chen, Fangchao Liu, Jingyun Yang, Katherine A Kentistou, Bernhard Banas, Anna Morgan, Karina Meidtner, Lawrence F Bielak, Jennifer A Smith, Prashantha Hebbar, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Edith Hofer, Maoxuan Lin, Maria Pina Concas, Simona Vaccargiu, Peter J Van Der Most, Niina Pitkänen, Brian E Cade, Sander W Van Der Laan, Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala, Stefan Weiss, Amy R Bentley, Ayo P Doumatey, Adebowale A Adeyemo, Jong Young Lee, Eva R B Petersen, Aneta A Nielsen, Hyeok Sun Choi, Maria Nethander, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Lorraine Southam, Nigel W Rayner, Carol A Wang, Shih-Yi Lin, Jun-Sing Wang, Christian Couture, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Kjell Nikus, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Henrik Vestergaard, Bertha Hidalgo, Olga Giannakopoulou, Qiuyin Cai, Morgan O Obura, Jessica Van Setten, Karen Y He, Hua Tang, Natalie Terzikhan, Jae Hun Shin, Rebecca D Jackson, Alexander P Reiner, Lisa Warsinger Martin, Zhengming Chen, Liming Li, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Joachim Thiery, Joshua C Bis, Lenore J Launer, Huaixing Li, Mike A Nalls, Olli T Raitakari, Sahoko Ichihara, Sarah H Wild, Christopher P Nelson, Harry Campbell, Susanne Jäger, Toru Nabika, Fahd Al-Mulla, Harri Niinikoski, Peter S Braund, Ivana Kolcic, Peter Kovacs, Tota Giardoglou, Tomohiro Katsuya, Dominique De Kleijn, Gert J De Borst, Eung Kweon Kim, Hieab H H Adams, M Arfan Ikram, Xiaofeng Zhu, Folkert W Asselbergs, Adriaan O Kraaijeveld, Joline W J Beulens, Xiao-Ou Shu, Loukianos S Rallidis, Oluf Pedersen, Torben Hansen, Paul Mitchell, Alex W Hewitt, Mika Kähönen, Louis Pérusse, Claude Bouchard, Anke Tönjes, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Craig E Pennell, Trevor A Mori, Wolfgang Lieb, Andre Franke, Claes Ohlsson, Dan Mellström, Yoon Shin Cho, Hyejin Lee, Jian-Min Yuan, Woon-Puay Koh, Sang Youl Rhee, Jeong-Taek Woo, Iris M Heid, Klaus J Stark, Martina E Zimmermann, Henry Völzke, Georg Homuth, Michele K Evans, Alan B Zonderman, Ozren Polasek, Gerard Pasterkamp, Imo E Hoefer, Susan Redline, Katja Pahkala, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Harold Snieder, Ginevra Biino, Reinhold Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Stefania Bandinelli, George Dedoussis, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj, Patricia A Peyser, Norihiro Kato, Matthias B Schulze, Giorgia Girotto, Carsten A Böger, Bettina Jung, Peter K Joshi, David A Bennett, Philip L De Jager, Xiangfeng Lu, Vasiliki Mamakou, Morris Brown, Mark J Caulfield, Patricia B Munroe, Xiuqing Guo, Marina Ciullo, Jost B Jonas, Nilesh J Samani, Jaakko Kaprio, Päivi Pajukanta, Teresa Tusié-Luna, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Linda S Adair, Sonny Augustin Bechayda, H Janaka De Silva, Ananda R Wickremasinghe, Ronald M Krauss, Jer-Yuarn Wu, Wei Zheng, Anneke I Den Hollander, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Adolfo Correa, James G Wilson, Lars Lind, Chew-Kiat Heng, Amanda E Nelson, Yvonne M Golightly, James F Wilson, Brenda Penninx, Hyung-Lae Kim, John Attia, Rodney J Scott, D C Rao, Donna K Arnett, Mark Walker, Laura J Scott, Heikki A Koistinen, Giriraj R Chandak, Josep M Mercader, Clicerio Gonzalez Villalpando, Lorena Orozco, Myriam Fornage, E Shyong Tai, Rob M Van Dam, Terho Lehtimäki, Nish Chaturvedi, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Jianjun Liu, Dermot F Reilly, Amy Jayne Mcknight, Frank Kee, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Mark I Mccarthy, Colin N A Palmer, Veronique Vitart, Caroline Hayward, Eleanor Simonsick, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Zi-Bing Jin, Fan Lu, Haretsugu Hishigaki, Xu Lin, Winfried März, Vilmundur Gudnason, Jean-Claude Tardif, Guillaume Lettre, Leen M T Hart, Petra J M Elders, Daniel J Rader, Scott M Damrauer, Meena Kumari, Mika Kivimaki, Pim Van Der Harst, Tim D Spector, Ruth J F Loos, Michael A Province, Esteban J Parra, Miguel Cruz, Bruce M Psaty, Ivan Brandslund, Peter P Pramstaller, Charles N Rotimi, Kaare Christensen, Samuli Ripatti, Elisabeth Widén, Hakon Hakonarson, Struan F A Grant, Lambertus Kiemeney, Jacqueline De Graaf, Markus Loeffler, Florian Kronenberg, Dongfeng Gu, Jeanette Erdmann, Heribert Schunkert, Paul W Franks, Allan Linneberg, J Wouter Jukema, Amit V Khera, Minna Männikkö, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Zoltan Kutalik, Cucca Francesco, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Ko Willems Van Dijk, Hugh Watkins, David P Strachan, Niels Grarup, Peter Sever, Neil Poulter, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Jerome I Rotter, Thomas M Dantoft, Fredrik Karpe, Matt J Neville, Nicholas J Timpson, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tien-Yin Wong, Chiea Chuen Khor, Hengtong Li, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Annette Peters, Christian Gieger, Andrew T Hattersley, Nancy L Pedersen, Patrik K E Magnusson, Dorret I Boomsma, Eco J C De Geus, L Adrienne Cupples, Joyce B J Van Meurs, Arfan Ikram, Mohsen Ghanbari, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Wei Huang, Young Jin Kim, Yasuharu Tabara, Nicholas J Wareham, Claudia Langenberg, Eleftheria Zeggini, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Erik Ingelsson, Goncalo Abecasis, John C Chambers, Jaspal S Kooner, Paul S De Vries, Alanna C Morrison, Scott Hazelhurst, Michèle Ramsay, Kari E North, Martha Daviglus, Peter Kraft, Nicholas G Martin, John B Whitfield, Shahid Abbas, Danish Saleheen, Robin G Walters, Michael V Holmes, Corri Black, Blair H Smith, Aris Baras, Anne E Justice, Julie E Buring, Paul M Ridker, Daniel I Chasman, Charles Kooperberg, Gen Tamiya, Masayuki Yamamoto, David A Van Heel, Richard C Trembath, Wei-Qi Wei, Gail P Jarvik, Bahram Namjou, M Geoffrey Hayes, Marylyn D Ritchie, Pekka Jousilahti, Veikko Salomaa, Kristian Hveem, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Michiaki Kubo, Yoichiro Kamatani, Yukinori Okada, Yoshinori Murakami, Bong-Jo Kim, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson, Jifeng Zhang, Y Eugene Chen, Yuk-Lam Ho, Julie A Lynch, Philip S Tsao, Kyong-Mi Chang, Kelly Cho, Christopher J O'Donnell, John M Gaziano, Peter Wilson, Karen L Mohlke, Timothy M Frayling, Joel N Hirschhorn, Sekar Kathiresan, Michael Boehnke, Million Veterans Program, Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, Struan Grant, Pradeep Natarajan, Yan V Sun, Andrew P Morris, Panos Deloukas, Gina Peloso, Themistocles L Assimes, Cristen J Willer, Xiang Zhu, Christopher D Brown

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A major challenge of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) is to translate phenotypic associations into biological insights. Here, we integrate a large GWAS on blood lipids involving 1.6 million individuals from five ancestries with a wide array of functional genomic datasets to discover regulatory mechanisms underlying lipid associations. We first prioritize lipid-associated genes with expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) colocalizations and then add chromatin interaction data to narrow the search for functional genes. Polygenic enrichment analysis across 697 annotations from a host of tissues and cell types confirms the central role of the liver in lipid levels and highlights the selective …

Enhancing Interprofessional Collaboration And Interprofessional Education In Women's Health, Laura Baecher-Lind, Angela C Fleming, Rashmi Bhargava, Susan M Cox, Elise N Everett, David A Forstein, Shireen Madani Sims, Helen K Morgan, Christopher M Morosky, Celeste S Royce, Tammy S Sonn, Jill M Sutton, Scott C Graziano

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This article is from the 'To The Point' series from the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics Undergraduate Medical Education Committee. The purpose of this review is to provide an understanding of the differing yet complementary nature of interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education as well as their importance to the specialty of Obstetrics and Gynecology. We provide a historical perspective of how interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education have become key aspects of clinical and educational programs, enhancing both patient care and learner development. Opportunities to incorporate interprofessional education within women's health educational programs across organizations are suggested. This is …

Psychiatry Training In Autism Spectrum Disorder And Intellectual Disability: Ongoing Gaps And Emerging Opportunities, Natasha Marrus, Kathleen A. Koth, Jessica A. Hellings, Rachel Mcdonald, Mcleod Frampton Gwynette, Rebecca Muhle, William D. Lohr, Roma A. Vasa

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Children, adolescents, and adults with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability experience high rates of co-occurring psychiatric conditions throughout their lifetime. However, there is a shortage of psychiatrists to treat these populations. We evaluated how much education psychiatrists-in-training receive on how to care for individuals with autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability. We found that in many psychiatry programs, residents receive limited training experiences in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability involving lectures and patient contact and that psychiatry program directors would benefit from more resources to strengthen education in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability.

Deep Brain Stimulation For Depression Informed By Intracranial Recordings, Sameer A Sheth, Kelly R Bijanki, Brian Metzger, Anusha Allawala, Victoria Pirtle, Joshua A Adkinson, John Myers, Raissa K Mathura, Denise Oswalt, Evangelia Tsolaki, Jiayang Xiao, Angela Noecker, Adriana M Strutt, Jeffrey F Cohn, Cameron C Mcintyre, Sanjay J Mathew, David Borton, Wayne Goodman, Nader Pouratian

Staff and Researcher Publications

The success of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for treating Parkinson's disease has led to its application to several other disorders, including treatment-resistant depression. Results with DBS for treatment-resistant depression have been heterogeneous, with inconsistencies largely driven by incomplete understanding of the brain networks regulating mood, especially on an individual basis. We report results from the first subject treated with DBS for treatment-resistant depression using an approach that incorporates intracranial recordings to personalize understanding of network behavior and its response to stimulation. These recordings enabled calculation of individually optimized DBS stimulation parameters using a novel inverse solution approach. In the ensuing …

Addressing Human Trafficking As A Public Health Issue, Frances Recknor, Erica Di Ruggiero, Elsabeth Jensen

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Human trafficking is increasingly recognized as a significant global public health issue. Human trafficking (HT) exists in all nations, including Canada, and is estimated to impact 25 million people globally. HT is a crime that is not always visible. It is associated with a myriad of deleterious health outcomes arising from adverse living and working conditions, and the physical, sexual, and/or psychological violence often accompanying it. Human trafficking also disproportionately affects people living under vulnerable circumstances, particularly those with intersecting vulnerabilities. Public health can advance health equity for trafficked persons and add value to existing anti-trafficking (AT) efforts. Among its …

Depression, Stigma And Social Isolation: The Psychosocial Trifecta Of Primary Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus, A Cross-Sectional And Path Analysis, Cristina Drenkard, Kristina A Theis, Timothy T Daugherty, Charles G Helmick, Charmayne Dunlop-Thomas, Gaobin Bao, Laura Aspey, Tené T Lewis, S Sam Lim

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Depression is common in individuals with chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE). However, how CCLE may impact patients' psychological well-being is poorly understood, particularly among disproportionally affected populations. We examined the relationships between depression and psychosocial factors in a cohort of predominantly Black patients with primary CCLE (CCLE without systemic manifestations).

METHODS: Cross-sectional assessment of individuals with dermatologist-validated diagnosis of primary CCLE. NIH-PROMIS short-forms were used to measure depression, disease-related stigma, social isolation and emotional support. Linear regression analyses (ɑ=0.05) were used to test an a priori conceptual model of the relationship between stigma and depression and the effect of …

Shared Decision Making In Health Care: Theoretical Perspectives For Why It Works And For Whom., Ken Resnicow, Delwyn Catley, Kathy Goggin, Sarah Hawley, Geoffrey C. Williams

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Applying both theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence, we address 2 key questions regarding shared decision making (SDM): 1) When should SDM be more patient driven, and when should it be more provider driven? and 2) Should health care providers match their SDM style/strategy to patient needs and preferences? Self-determination theory, for example, posits a distinction between autonomy and independence. A patient may autonomously seek their health care provider's input and guidance, perhaps due to low perceived competence, low coping resources, or high emotional arousal. Given their need state, they may autonomously require nonindependence. In this case, it may be more …

A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis On Prevalence Of And Risk Factors Associated With Depression, Anxiety And Insomnia In Infectious Diseases, Including Covid-19: A Call To Action, Kai Yuan, Yong-Bo Zheng, Yi-Jie Wang, Yan-Kun Sun, Yi-Miao Gong, Yue-Tong Huang, Xuan Chen, Xiao-Xing Liu, Yi Zhong, Si-Zhen Su, Nan Gao, Yi-Long Lu, Zhe Wang, Wei-Jian Liu, Jian-Yu Que, Ying-Bo Yang, An-Yi Zhang, Meng-Ni Jing, Chen-Wei Yuan, Na Zeng, Michael V Vitiello, Vikram Patel, Seena Fazel, Harry Minas, Graham Thornicroft, Teng-Teng Fan, Xiao Lin, Wei Yan, Le Shi, Jie Shi, Thomas Kosten, Yan-Ping Bao, Lin Lu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Infectious disease epidemics have become more frequent and more complex during the 21st century, posing a health threat to the general public and leading to psychological symptoms. The current study was designed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms during epidemic outbreaks, including COVID-19. We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, OVID, Medline, Cochrane databases, bioRxiv and medRxiv to identify studies that reported the prevalence of depression, anxiety or insomnia during infectious disease epidemics, up to August 14th, 2020. Prevalence of mental symptoms among different populations including the general public, …

Experiences With Menses In Transgender And Gender Nonbinary Adolescents., Beth I. Schwartz, Arielle Effron, Benjamin Bear, Vanessa L Short, Julia Eisenberg, Sarah Felleman, Anne E Kazak

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To describe menstrual history, associated dysphoria, and desire for menstrual management in transgender male and gender diverse adolescents who were assigned female at birth

DESIGN: Retrospective chart review

SETTING: Tertiary care children's hospital

PARTICIPANTS: All patients seen in a multidisciplinary pediatric gender program from March 2015 through December 2020 who were assigned female at birth, identified as transgender male or gender nonbinary, and had achieved menarche

INTERVENTION: None

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient demographics, menstrual history, interest in and prior experiences with menstrual management, parental support, and concerns about menstrual management

RESULTS: Of the 129 included patients, 116 (90%) …

The Association Between Lung Cancer Stigma And Race: A Descriptive Correlational Study, Karen Kane Mcdonnell, Lisa A. Webb, Swann A. Adams Ph.D., Ms, Face, Tisha M. Felder Phd, Msw, Rachel E. Davis Ph.D.

Publications

BACKGROUND:

Stigma is a formidable burden for survivors of lung cancer that can reduce the quality of life (QOL), resulting in physical, social and psychological challenges. This study investigates associations between stigma and depression, QOL and demographic and health-related characteristics, including race.

DESIGN:

An adapted conceptual model derived from the Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale guided this descriptive correlation study assessing stigma in African American and Caucasian survivors of lung cancer. Self-reported, written surveys measuring depression, QOL, lung cancer stigma and demographics were administered. Statistical analysis was conducted to assess associations between stigma and depression, stigma and QOL and stigma …

Use Of Active Video Games With Or Without Videoconferencing On Health Outcomes In Adolescent And Young Adult Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review, Ursela Christopherson, Stephanie J Wells, Nathan Parker, Elizabeth J Lyons, Michael D Swartz, Anna Blozinski, Karen Basen-Engquist, Susan Peterson, Maria C Swartz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors experience greater functional deficits compared to non-cancer peers or older survivors with a similar diagnosis. Physical activity (PA) is a key strategy for mitigating functional decline, and motivation and peer support are critical PA facilitators in AYA cancer survivors. Active video games (AVGs) may be a "gateway" method to promote PA. Further, integrating AVGs into group videoconferencing, a medium used by AYAs to socialize, can capitalize on peer support needed for PA motivation. Thus, we examined the use of AVGs and/or videoconferencing in PA interventions that included AYA survivors and the effect …

Perceived Discrimination And Injury At Work: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Latino Day Laborers, Lynn N Ibekwe, John S Atkinson, Rosalia Guerrero-Luera, Yesmel A King, Maria L Rangel, Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Given the stigma of their undocumented status and their high prevalence of workplace injury, understanding the impact of discrimination on Latino day laborers (LDLs) is a critical public health issue.

METHODS: We surveyed LDLs (N = 149) and assessed their sociodemographics, experiences of and perceived reasons for discrimination, and work-related injury. A logistic regression examined the association between discrimination and injury, adjusting for sociodemographics. Next, Chi-square tests identified perceived reasons for discrimination associated with injury which were then included in a second logistic regression to test their association with injury, adjusting for discrimination and sociodemographics.

RESULTS: Participants reported a …

Perceived Discrimination And Injury At Work: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Latino Day Laborers, Lynn N Ibekwe, John S Atkinson, Rosalia Guerrero-Luera, Yesmel A King, Maria L Rangel, Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Given the stigma of their undocumented status and their high prevalence of workplace injury, understanding the impact of discrimination on Latino day laborers (LDLs) is a critical public health issue.

METHODS: We surveyed LDLs (N = 149) and assessed their sociodemographics, experiences of and perceived reasons for discrimination, and work-related injury. A logistic regression examined the association between discrimination and injury, adjusting for sociodemographics. Next, Chi-square tests identified perceived reasons for discrimination associated with injury which were then included in a second logistic regression to test their association with injury, adjusting for discrimination and sociodemographics.

RESULTS: Participants reported a …

Association Of Disease Outcomes With Physical Activity In Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study, Trinh L T Huynh, Stephanie L Silveira, Brenda Jeng, Robert W Motl

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose/Objective Research: This study examined combinations of disease outcomes (i.e., walking, cognition, and symptoms) as correlates of physical activity subgroups (insufficiently active vs. sufficiently active) in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS).

RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN: This study included 213 participants who completed walking and cognitive function tests and self-report measures of symptoms and physical activity. Multivariate analysis of variance and discriminant function analysis identified combinations of MS outcomes associated with physical activity.

RESULTS: The sample had a mean age of 49.6 years (

CONCLUSION/IMPLICATIONS: The findings identified walking endurance and limitations, processing speed, depression, and fatigue as primary correlates of physical activity …

Sexual Orientation And Gender Identity Data Collection In Oncology Practice: Findings Of An Asco Survey, Charles S Kamen, Mandi L Pratt-Chapman, Stephen C Meersman, Gwendolyn P Quinn, Matthew B Schabath, Shail Maingi, Janette K Merrill, Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer, Melinda Kaltenbaugh, Caroline Schenkel, Shine Chang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Lack of collection of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data in oncology practices limits assessment of sexual and gender minority (SGM) cancer patients' experiences and restricts opportunities to improve health outcomes of SGM patients. Despite national calls for routine SOGI data collection, individual-level and institutional barriers hinder progress. This study aimed to identify these barriers in oncology.

Methods: An online survey of ASCO members and others assessed SOGI data collection in oncology practices, institutional characteristics related to SOGI data collection, respondents' attitudes about SOGI data and SGM patients, and respondent demographics. Logistic regression calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) …

Event-Related Phase Synchronization Propagates Rapidly Across Human Ventral Visual Cortex, Oscar Woolnough, Kiefer J Forseth, Patrick S Rollo, Zachary J Roccaforte, Nitin Tandon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Visual inputs to early visual cortex integrate with semantic, linguistic and memory inputs in higher visual cortex, in a manner that is rapid and accurate, and enables complex computations such as face recognition and word reading. This implies the existence of fundamental organizational principles that enable such efficiency. To elaborate on this, we performed intracranial recordings in 82 individuals while they performed tasks of varying visual and cognitive complexity. We discovered that visual inputs induce highly organized posterior-to-anterior propagating patterns of phase modulation across the ventral occipitotemporal cortex. At individual electrodes there was a stereotyped temporal pattern of phase progression …

Stepped Care Versus Standard Care For Children After Trauma: A Randomized Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial, Alison Salloum, Yuanyuan Lu, Henian Chen, Troy Quast, Judith A Cohen, Michael S Scheeringa, Kristen Salomon, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Objective: Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is an evidence-based therapist-led treatment for children after trauma. Parents often experience barriers to treatment engagement, including cost. Stepped care TF-CBT (SC-TF-CBT) was developed as an alternative delivery system. Step One is a parent-led therapist-assisted treatment. Step Two provides therapist-led TF-CBT for children who did not benefit from Step One and require more intensive treatment. This study compared SC-TF-CBT to standard TF-CBT in a community-based non-inferiority trial.

Method: A total of 183 children (aged 4-12 years) experiencing posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and their caregivers were randomly assigned to SC-TF-CBT or standard TF-CBT within 6 community …

Charting The Proteome Landscape In Major Psychiatric Disorders: From Biomarkers To Biological Pathways Towards Drug Discovery, Brisa S Fernandes, Yulin Dai, Peilin Jia, Zhongming Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) are major mental disorders that affect a significant proportion of the global population. Advancing our knowledge of the pathophysiology of these disorders and identifying biomarkers are urgent needs for developing objective diagnostic tests and new therapeutics. In this study, we performed a systematic review and then extracted, curated, and analyzed proteomics data from published studies, aiming to assess the proteome in peripheral blood of individuals with SZ, BD, or MDD. Then, we performed pathway and network analyses to illuminate the biological themes concatenated by the differentially expressed proteins by systematically …

Sex Differences In The Genetic Architecture Of Cognitive Resilience To Alzheimer's Disease., Jaclyn M Eissman, Logan Dumitrescu, Emily R Mahoney, Alexandra N Smith, Shubhabrata Mukherjee, Michael L Lee, Phoebe Scollard, Seo Eun Choi, William S Bush, Corinne D Engelman, Qiongshi Lu, David W Fardo, Emily H Trittschuh, Jesse Mez, Catherine C Kaczorowski, Hector Hernandez Saucedo, Keith F Widaman, Rachel F Buckley, Michael J Properzi, Elizabeth C Mormino, Hyun Sik Yang, Theresa M Harrison, Trey Hedden, Kwangsik Nho, Shea J Andrews, Douglas Tommet, Niran Hadad, R Elizabeth Sanders, Douglas M Ruderfer, Katherine A Gifford, Xiaoyuan Zhong, Neha S Raghavan, Badri N Vardarajan, Margaret A Pericak-Vance, Lindsay A Farrer, Li San Wang, Carlos Cruchaga, Gerard D Schellenberg, Nancy J Cox, Jonathan L Haines, C Dirk Keene, Andrew J Saykin, Eric B Larson, Reisa A Sperling, Richard Mayeux, Michael L Cuccaro, David A Bennett, Julie A Schneider, Paul K Crane, Angela L Jefferson, Timothy J Hohman

Faculty Research 2022

Approximately 30% of elderly adults are cognitively unimpaired at time of death despite the presence of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology at autopsy. Studying individuals who are resilient to the cognitive consequences of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology may uncover novel therapeutic targets to treat Alzheimer's disease. It is well established that there are sex differences in response to Alzheimer's disease pathology, and growing evidence suggests that genetic factors may contribute to these differences. Taken together, we sought to elucidate sex-specific genetic drivers of resilience. We extended our recent large scale genomic analysis of resilience in which we harmonized cognitive data across four cohorts …

Sex Differences In The Genetic Architecture Of Cognitive Resilience To Alzheimer's Disease, Jaclyn M Eissman, Carlos Cruchaga, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Approximately 30% of elderly adults are cognitively unimpaired at time of death despite the presence of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology at autopsy. Studying individuals who are resilient to the cognitive consequences of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology may uncover novel therapeutic targets to treat Alzheimer's disease. It is well established that there are sex differences in response to Alzheimer's disease pathology, and growing evidence suggests that genetic factors may contribute to these differences. Taken together, we sought to elucidate sex-specific genetic drivers of resilience. We extended our recent large scale genomic analysis of resilience in which we harmonized cognitive data across four cohorts …

Ketamine For Acute Pain After Trauma: The Kapt Randomized Controlled Trial, Thaddeus J Puzio, James Klugh, Michael W Wandling, Charles Green, Julius Balogh, Samuel J Prater, Christopher T Stephens, Paulina B Sergot, Charles E Wade, Lillian S Kao, John A Harvin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Evidence for effective pain management and opioid minimization of intravenous ketamine in elective surgery has been extrapolated to acutely injured patients, despite limited supporting evidence in this population. This trial seeks to determine the effectiveness of the addition of sub-dissociative ketamine to a pill-based, opioid-minimizing multi-modal pain regimen (MMPR) for post traumatic pain.

METHODS: This is a single-center, parallel-group, randomized, controlled comparative effectiveness trial comparing a MMPR to a MMPR plus a sub-dissociative ketamine infusion. All trauma patients 16 years and older admitted following a trauma which require intermediate (IMU) or intensive care unit (ICU) level of care are …

Understanding The Role Of Sex On Outcomes For The Cancer Patient Undergoing Treatment With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Scoping Review Protocol, Amy L Shaver, Nikita Nikita, Swapnil Sharma, Daniel S Lefler, Atrayee Basu-Mallick, Jennifer M Johnson, Meghan L Butryn, Grace Lu-Yao

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment landscape for multiple cancer types. Sex plays an important role in both the development of cancer as well as the functioning of the immune system. Though a difference in response to immune therapy is emerging between men and women it is unclear how this difference affects cancer outcomes and what the potential underlying mechanisms are for those effects. The objective of this study is to describe the influence that sex has on the outcomes experienced by cancer patients on ICI therapy and to identify and analyse any knowledge gaps in the …

Graded Variation In T1w/T2w Ratio During Adolescence: Measurement, Caveats, And Implications For Development Of Cortical Myelin, Graham L Baum, John C Flournoy, Matthew F Glasser, Michael P Harms, Patrick Mair, Ashley F P Sanders, Deanna M Barch, Randy L Buckner, Susan Bookheimer, Mirella Dapretto, Stephen Smith, Kathleen M Thomas, Essa Yacoub, David C Van Essen, Leah H Somerville

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Adolescence is characterized by the maturation of cortical microstructure and connectivity supporting complex cognition and behavior. Axonal myelination influences brain connectivity during development by enhancing neural signaling speed and inhibiting plasticity. However, the maturational timing of cortical myelination during human adolescence remains poorly understood. Here, we take advantage of recent advances in high-resolution cortical T1w/T2w mapping methods, including principled correction of B1+ transmit field effects, using data from the Human Connectome Project in Development (HCP-D;

Effect Of Race On Prediction Of Brain Amyloidosis By Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, Phosphorylated Tau, And Neurofilament Light, Suzanne E Schindler, Rachel L Henson, Yan Li, Benjamin Saef, Krista L Moulder, David Bradford, Anne M Fagan, Brian A Gordon, Tammie L S Benzinger, Joyce Balls-Berry, Randall J Bateman, Chengjie Xiong, John C Morris, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether plasma biomarkers of amyloid (Aβ42/Aβ40), tau (p-tau181 and p-tau231), and neuroaxonal injury (neurofilament light chain [NfL]) detect brain amyloidosis consistently across racial groups.

METHODS: Individuals enrolled in studies of memory and aging who self-identified as African American (AA) were matched 1:1 to self-identified non-Hispanic White (NHW) individuals by age,

RESULTS: There were 76 matched pairs of AA and NHW participants (n = 152 total). For both AA and NHW groups, the median age was 68.4 years, 42% were

DISCUSSION: Models predicting brain amyloidosis using a high-performance plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 assay may provide an accurate and …

Examination Of The Interaction Between Parental Military-Status And Race Among Non-Hispanic Black And Non-Hispanic White Adolescents With Overweight/Obesity, M K Higgins Neyland, Denise E Wilfley, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Adolescent military-dependents experience distinct risk and protective factors, which may necessitate additional clinical considerations. In civilian youth, overweight/obesity is associated with eating, internalizing, and externalizing difficulties, with some studies reporting more difficulties among non-Hispanic White (vs. non-Hispanic Black) youth. It is unknown if these disparities exist among adolescent military-dependents, or between civilian and military-dependent youth.

METHODS: Non-Hispanic Black (187 civilian, 38 military-dependent) and non-Hispanic White (205 civilian, 84 military-dependent) adolescents with overweight/obesity (14.7 ± 1.6 years; 73.9% girls; body mass index adjusted for age and sex 1.9 ± 0.5) completed a disordered-eating interview; parents completed a measure assessing their …

A Narrative Review On Yoga: A Potential Intervention For Augmenting Immunomodulation And Mental Health In Covid-19, Indranill Basu-Ray, Kashinath Metri, Dibbendhu Khanra, Rishab Revankar, Kavitha M Chinnaiyan, Nagaratna Raghuram, Mahesh Chandra Mishra, Bhushan Patwardhan, Manjunath Sharma, Ishwar V Basavaraddi, Akshay Anand, Shrinath Reddy, K K Deepak, Marian Levy, Sue Theus, Glenn N Levine, Holger Cramer, Gregory L Fricchione, Nagendra R Hongasandra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a significant mortality rate of 3-5%. The principal causes of multiorgan failure and death are cytokine release syndrome and immune dysfunction. Stress, anxiety, and depression has been aggravated by the pandemic and its resultant restrictions in day-to-day life which may contribute to immune dysregulation. Thus, immunity strengthening and the prevention of cytokine release syndrome are important for preventing and minimizing mortality in COVID-19 patients. However, despite a few specific remedies that now exist for the SARS-CoV-2virus, the principal modes of prevention include vaccination, masking, and holistic healing methods, such as …

Reports Of Adverse Events Associated With Use Of Novel Psychoactive Substances, 2017-2020: A Review, Amanda L A Mohr, Barry K Logan, Melissa F Fogarty, Alex J Krotulski, Donna M Papsun, Sherri L Kacinko, Marilyn A Huestis, Jeri D Ropero-Miller

Institute of Emerging Health Professions Faculty Papers

An important role of modern forensic and clinical toxicologists is to monitor the adverse events of novel psychoactive substances (NPS). Following a prior review from 2013 to 2016, this critical literature review analyzes and evaluates published case reports for NPS from January 2017 through December 2020. The primary objective of this study is to assist in the assessment and interpretation of these cases as well as provide references for confirmation methods. Chemistry, pharmacology, adverse events and user profiles (e.g., polypharmacy) for NPS are provided including case history, clinical symptoms, autopsy findings and analytical results. Literature reviews were performed in PubMed …

Psychiatric Symptoms Are Not Associated With Circulating Crp Concentrations After Controlling For Medical, Social, And Demographic Factors., Leandra K. Figueroa-Hall, Bohan Xu, Rayus Kuplicki, Bart N. Ford, Kaiping Burrows, T Kent Teague, Sandip Sen, Hung-Wen Yeh, Michael R. Irwin, Jonathan Savitz, Martin P. Paulus

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Elevated serum concentrations (>3 mg/L) of the acute-phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), is used as a clinical marker of inflammation and is reported to be a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In psychiatric populations, CRP concentration is reported to be higher in depressed versus healthy individuals. Positive associations between CRP and depression have been established in both clinical and community samples, but effect sizes are attenuated after controlling for confounding variables. Similarly, emerging research has begun to draw a link between inflammation, symptoms of anxiety, and substance abuse. Given the high level of comorbid anxiety and substance use …