Digital Commons Network^™

Intrinsic And Extrinsic Control Of Hemopoietic Stem Cell Numbers: Mapping Of A Stem Cell Gene, Gerald De Haan, Gary Van Zant

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

We evaluated in vivo interactions between extrinsic (growth factor induced) and intrinsic (genetically determined) effectors of mouse primitive hemopoietic stem cell proliferation and numbers. Accordingly, stem cell frequency and cell cycle kinetics were assessed in eight strains of inbred mice using the cobblestone area–forming cell (CAFC) assay. A strong inverse correlation was observed between mouse lifespan and the number of autonomously cycling progenitors (CAFC day 7) in the femur. The population size of primitive stem cells (CAFC day 35) varied widely (up to sevenfold) among strains, unlike total CAFC day 7 numbers (cycling and quiescent), which were similar. Administration of …

Extraskeletal Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma Of The Rectus Sheath., D B Johnson, W Breidahl, J S Newman, K Devaney, Alan M. Yahanda Md, Facs

PCI Publications and Projects

Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas (MSCs) are a rare form of chondrosarcoma which usually arise in bone. Extraskeletal chondrosarcomas constitute a minority (14-25%) of MSCs. We describe the imaging features of an extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma that arose from the rectus abdominus muscle.

Mirizzi Syndrome Type Ii: Is Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Justified?, D C Desai, R D Smink

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Mirizzi syndrome type II is an uncommon cause of obstructive jaundice caused by an inflammatory response to an impacted gallstone in Hartmann's pouch or the cystic duct with a resultant cholecystocholedochal fistula. Two cases of Mirizzi syndrome type II are presented. Clinically only one patient had jaundice and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) established a preoperative diagnosis of Mirizzi syndrome. The other patient's diagnosis of Mirizzi syndrome was made intraoperatively. It is important to properly identify the anatomy at the time of surgery to avoid compromising the common bile duct. Operative treatment of Mirizzi syndrome type II includes laparoscopic or open …

Auditory Filters Measured At Neighboring Center Frequencies, Marc A. Fagelson, C. A. Champlin

ETSU Faculty Works

Auditory filters were derived in 20 normal-hearing human listeners at center frequencies (CFs) of 913, 1095, 3651, and 4382 Hz using the roex (p,r) method. Comparisons were made between slopes of the filters' skirts at the neighboring CFs with filter output levels of 45 and 70 dB. The same comparisons were made with regard to filter equivalent rectangular bandwidth (ERB). In the 1000-Hz region, the low-frequency slopes (Pl) of filters centered at 913 and 1095 Hz were significantly correlated at both stimulus levels, while the high-frequency slopes (Pu) were similar only at the high test level. In the 4000-Hz region, …

Choosing Ignorance In The Manufacture Of Toxic Products , Wendy E. Wagner

Cornell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Section 8(C) Of The Proposed Restatement (Third) Of Torts: Is It Really What The Doctor Ordered , Jeffrey D. Winchester

Cornell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Where Do Elderly Veterans Obtain Care For Acute Myocardial Infarction: Department Of Veterans Affairs Or Medicare?, S M. Wright, J Daley, E S. Fisher, G E. Thibault

Dartmouth Scholarship

To examine Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Medicare hospitalizations for elderly veterans with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), their use of cardiac procedures in both systems, and patient mortality. DATA SOURCES: Merging of inpatient discharge abstracts obtained from VA Patient Treatment Files (PTF) and Medicare MedPAR Part A files. A retrospective cohort study of male veterans 65 years or older who were prior users of the VA medical system (veteran-users) and who were initially admitted to a VA or Medicare hospital with a primary diagnosis of AMI at some time from January 1, 1988 through December 31, 1990 (N = …

Loss Of Dcc Expression And Glioma Progression., M Reyes-Mugica, K Rieger-Christ, H Ohgaki, B C Ekstrand, M Helie, G Kleinman, Alan M. Yahanda Md, Facs, E R Fearon, P Kleihues, M A Reale

PCI Publications and Projects

The deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) gene, a candidate tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 18q21, encodes a neural cell adhesion molecule family protein that is most highly expressed in the nervous system. To address the hypothesis that DCC may play a role in glioma development and/or progression, we examined DCC expression by immunohistochemistry in 57 resected human astrocytic tumors. Overall, low-grade astrocytomas were predominantly DCC positive (15 of 16, or 94%), whereas high-grade tumors significantly less often expressed the DCC protein (27 of 41, or 66%; P = 0.03). We were able to directly assess the relationship between DCC expression …

The History Of The Present Illness As Treatment: Who's Listening, And Why Does It Matter?, Herbert M. Adler, Md, Phd

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The history of the present illness (HPI) is examined as a narrative communication that has the potential to be therapeutic.

METHODS: The general principles that influence the therapeutic potential of the HPI are induced from participant observation of personal experience and natural observations of conventional social interaction. These principles are corroborated by evidence from cross-cultural healing practices, clinical experience, and experimental psychology.

RESULTS: To facilitate a therapeutic HPI, the clinician should convey a sense of safety, sensitivity, affective competence, and cognitive competence. Furthermore, the effective clinician joins the patient in coprocessing the illness experience.

CONCLUSIONS: The (HPI) is not …

Cross-Talk Between Adherens Junctions And Desmosomes Depends On Plakoglobin, Jani E. Lewis, James K. Wahl Iii, Kristin M. Sass, Pamels J. Jensen, Pamela J. Johnson, Margaret J. Wheelock

Biology

Squamous epithelial cells have both adherens junctions and desmosomes. The ability of these cells to organize the desmosomal proteins into a functional structure depends upon their ability first to organize an adherens junction. Since the adherens junction and the desmosome are separate structures with different molecular make up, it is not immediately obvious why formation of an adherens junction is a prerequisite for the formation of a desmosome. The adherens junction is composed of a transmembrane classical cadherin (E-cadherin and/or P-cadherin in squamous epithelial cells) linked to either β-catenin or plakoglobin, which is linked to α-catenin, which is linked to …

Re: Midpalmar Approach To The Carpal Tunnel: An Alternative To Endoscopic Release., Robert X. Murphy Jr, Md, Ms

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Computed Tomography In Staging Of Patients With Melanoma Metastatic To The Regional Nodes., T M Johnson, D J Fader, A E Chang, Alan M. Yahanda Md, Facs, J W Smith, K R Hamlet, V K Sondak

PCI Publications and Projects

BACKGROUND: This study addresses the yield and clinical impact of computed tomography (CT) imaging in otherwise asymptomatic patients with stage III melanoma metastatic to the regional nodes.

METHODS: The database from the University of Michigan Mutlidisciplinary Melanoma Clinic was reviewed and identified 127 asymptomatic patients with stage III melanoma (regional nodal disease) who received CT scans of the head, chest, abdomen, and/or pelvis. Scans were confirmed as true positive, false positive, and normal.

RESULTS: Four hundred twenty-six head and body CT scans were performed at the time of presentation of stage III disease. Twenty patients had a true-positive CT scan …

Training Examiners For A National Epidemiological Survey Of Oral Mucosal Lesions, R.B. Zain, I.A. Razak, N. Ikeda, T. Axã©Ll, M.C. Downer

Pre-2000

Ensuring the validity and reliability of data collected in epidemiological surveys is an important consideration. The purpose of the present report is to describe a training and calibration programme for 16 examiners taking part in a national survey of oral mucosal lesions and to present an evaluation of the results. The programme included the distribution of a pictorial manual to participants and a series of lectures followed by three diagnostic sessions, two using slides and the last involving patients. At the final session, the trainees classified 88 per cent of 16 patients correctly in comparison with the definitive diagnoses of …

F(C)Gammari-Targeted Fusion Proteins Result In Efficient Presentation By Human Monocytes Of Antigenic And Antagonist T Cell Epitopes, Chunlei Liu, Joel Goldstein, Robert F. Graziano, Jia He, Jeremiah K. O'Shea, Yashwant Deo, Paul M. Guyre

Dartmouth Scholarship

A major challenge for using native or modified T cell epitopes to induce or suppress immunity relates to poor localization of peptides to antigen presenting cells (APCs) in vivo. In this study, we demonstrate enhanced presentation of antigenic and antagonistic peptides by targeting them to the type I Fc receptor for IgG (F(c)gammaRI, CD64) on human monocytes. A Th epitope of tetanus toxoid, TT830, and the antagonistic peptide for TT830, TT833S, were genetically grafted into the constant region of the heavy chain of the humanized anti-CD64 mAb 22 and expressed as monovalent fusion proteins, Fab22-TT830 and Fab22-TT833S. These CD64-targeted peptides …

Glanzmann Thrombasthenia. Cooperation Between Sequence Variants In Cis During Splice Site Selection., Ying Jin, Harry C. Dietz, Robert A. Montgomery, William R. Bell, Iain Mcintosh, Barry Coller, Paul F. Bray

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT), an autosomal recessive bleeding disorder, results from abnormalities in the platelet fibrinogen receptor, GP(IIb)-IIIa (integrin alpha(IIb)beta3). A patient with GT was identified as homozygous for a G-->A mutation 6 bp upstream of the GP(IIIa) exon 9 splice donor site. Patient platelet GP(IIIa) transcripts lacked exon 9 despite normal DNA sequence in all of the cis-acting sequences known to regulate splice site selection. In vitro analysis of transcripts generated from mini-gene constructs demonstrated that exon skipping occurred only when the G-->A mutation was cis to a polymorphism 116 bp upstream, providing precedence that two sequence variations …

Cloning Of Human Acetyl-Coa Carboxylase-Beta And Its Unique Features., Joohun Ha, Jung-Kee Lee, Kyung-Sup Kim, Lee A. Witters, Ki-Han Kim

Dartmouth Scholarship

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which has a molecular mass of 265 kDa (ACC-alpha), catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids. In this study we report the complete amino acid sequence and unique features of an isoform of ACC with a molecular mass of 275 kDa (ACC-beta), which is primarily expressed in heart and skeletal muscles. In these tissues, ACC-beta may be involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation, rather than fatty acid biosynthesis. ACC-beta contains an amino acid sequence at the N terminus which is about 200 amino acids long and may be uniquely related to the …

Opposing Motor Activities Are Required For The Organization Of The Mammalian Mitotic Spindle Pole, Tirso Gaglio, Alejandro Saredi, James B. Bingham, M Josh Hasbani, Steven R. Grill, Trina A. Schroer, Duane A. Compton

Dartmouth Scholarship

We use both in vitro and in vivo approaches to examine the roles of Eg5 (kinesin-related protein), cytoplasmic dynein, and dynactin in the organization of the microtubules and the localization of NuMA (Nu-clear protein that associates with the Mitotic Apparatus) at the polar ends of the mammalian mitotic spindle. Perturbation of the function of Eg5 through either immunodepletion from a cell free system for assembly of mitotic asters or antibody microinjection into cultured cells leads to organized astral microtubule arrays with expanded polar regions in which the minus ends of the microtubules emanate from a ring-like structure that contains NuMA. …

Moving Occupation Into Treatment: Clinical Interpretation Of "Legitimizing Occupational Therapy's Knowledge"., Janice P. Burke

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Efficient Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Hydrolyzing Autoantibody Light Chains Selected By Phage Display, Sonia Tyutyulkova, Qing-Sheng Gao, Austin Thompson, Stephen I. Rennard, Sudhir Paul

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

An immunoglobulin light chain (L chain) library derived from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with asthma was cloned into a phagemid vector. Phage particles displaying L chains capable of binding vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were isolated by affinity chromatography. Two VIP binding L chains were expressed in Escherichia coli in soluble form and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by metal chelating and protein L affinity chromatography. Both L chains catalyzed the hydrolysis of [tyr10-125I]VIP substrate. The catalytic activity eluted at the molecular mass of the monomer form of the L chain (28 kDa) from a gel filtration column. The …

Cloning Of The Mammalian Type Ii Iodothyronine Deiodinase. A Selenoprotein Differentially Expressed And Regulated In Human And Rat Brain And Other Tissues., Walburga Croteau, Jennifer C. Davey, Valerie Anne Galton, Donald L. St Germain

Dartmouth Scholarship

The deiodination of thyroid hormones in extrathyroidal tissues plays an important role in modulating thyroid hormone action. The type II deiodinase (DII) converts thyroxine to the active hormone 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, and in the rat is expressed in the brain, pituitary gland, and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) for the types I and III deiodinases (DI and DIII, respectively) have been isolated and shown to code for selenoproteins. However, information concerning the structure of the mammalian DII remains limited, and the pattern of its expression in human tissues is undefined. We report herein the identification and characterization of rat and …

Measuring Hospital Use Without Claims: A Comparison Of Patient And Provider Reports., R E. Clark, S K. Ricketts, G J. Mchugo

Dartmouth Scholarship

We compared the validity of hospital admission and length of stay reports from patients, outpatient providers, and hospitals, and we examined possible sources of error. Data were collected from people enrolled in a randomized trial of treatment for severe mental illness and substance use disorders, from community mental health centers (CMHCs), and from hospitals. Reports for each of the 74 study participants covered two-year time periods beginning and ending at various times between 1989 and 1993. We compared reports from the various sources and constructed a hybrid with data from all three sources. Using parametric and non-parametric statistics, we compared …

Complications, Untoward Events, And Reality., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

The only surgeons who do not have deal with complications are those who do not operate.1

Is The Use Of Life History And Narrative In Clinical Practice Reimbursable? Is It Occupational Therapy?, Janice P. Burke, Stephen B. Kern

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Prefabrication Of A Secondary Tram Flap., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

A secondary TRAM flap was prefabricated in a rat model using the rectus muscle. The right rectus muscle was elevated as an inferiorly pedicled muscle flap in one experimental group (n = 6) and as a superiorly pedicled muscle flap in a second group (n = 5) and then sandwiched between a silicone sheet and the abdominal skin. Two weeks later, the abdominal skin and attached rectus muscle were elevated over the silicone sheet as a secondary TRAM flap. The surviving skin paddle areas of these prefabricated TRAM flaps were compared with superiorly (n = 7) and inferiorly (n = …

A Polymorphism Of A Platelet Glycoprotein Receptor As An Inherited Risk Factor For Coronary Thrombosis., Ethan J. Weiss, Paul F. Bray, Matthew Tayback, Steven P. Schulman, Thomas S. Kickler, Lewis C. Becker, James L. Weiss, Gary Gerstenblith, Pascal J. Goldschmidt-Clermont

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

BACKGROUND: Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa is a membrane receptor for fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, and it has an important role in platelet aggregation. It is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes. Previously, we found a high frequency of a particular polymorphism, PlA2, of the gene encoding glycoprotein IIIa in kindreds with a high prevalence of premature myocardial infarction.

METHODS: To investigate the relation between the PlA2 polymorphism and acute coronary syndromes, we conducted a case-control study of 71 case patients with myocardial infarction or unstable angina and 68 inpatient controls without known heart disease. The …

Basics Of Research (Part 6): Quantitative Data Analysis, Cheryl Thompson, Robert Schwartz, Eric Davis, Edward A. Panacek

Journal Articles: College of Nursing

No abstract provided.

"The Profession Of Dentistry:" The University Of Kentucky's Curriculum In Professional Ethics, David A. Nash

Oral Health Science Faculty Publications

Among the most important learning that occurs in our nation's colleges of dentistry is learning to be a professional. While knowledge, perceptual-motor skills, and problem-solving abilities are basic to becoming a dentist, helping aspiring colleagues to apply their newly developing skills with integrity must be a fundamental concern. Increasingly, we are realizing that the quality of health care depends as significantly on the character of the health professional as it does on the individual's knowledge and skills. Concern for character, virtue, and integrity is the domain of ethics. This paper advances a justification for including a curriculum in professional ethics …

Disruption Of The Cbfa2 Gene Causes Necrosis And Hemorrhaging In The Central Nervous System And Blocks Definitive Hematopoiesis., Qing Wang, Terryl Stacy, Michael M Binder, Miguel Marin-Padilla, Arlene H. Sharpe, Nancy A. Speck

Dartmouth Scholarship

The CBFA2 (AML1) gene encodes a DNA-binding subunit of the heterodimeric core-binding factor. The CBFA2 gene is disrupted by the (8;21), (3;21), and (12;21) chromosomal translocations associated with leukemias and myelodysplasias in humans. Mice lacking a CBF alpha 2 protein capable of binding DNA die between embryonic days 11.5 and 12.5 due to hemorrhaging in the central nervous system (CNS), at the nerve/CNS interfaces of cranial and spinal nerves, and in somitic/intersomitic regions along the presumptive spinal cord. Hemorrhaging is preceded by symmetric, bilateral necrosis in these regions. Definitive erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis do not occur in Cbfa2-deficient embryos, and disruption …

A Tandem Duplication Within The Fibrillin 1 Gene Is Associated With The Mouse Tight Skin Mutation., Linda D. Siracusa, Rodney Mcgrath, Qing Ma, John J. Moskow, Jayanthi Manne, Paul J. Christner, Arthur M. Buchberg, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Mice carrying the Tight skin (Tsk) mutation have thickened skin and visceral fibrosis resulting from an accumulation of extracellular matrix molecules. These and other connective tissue abnormalities have made Tskl + mice models for scleroderma, hereditary emphysema, and myocardial hypertrophy. Previously we localized Tsk to mouse chromosome 2 in a region syntenic with human chromosome 15. The microfibrillar glycoprotein gene, fibrillin 1 (FBN1), on human chromosome 15q, provided a candidate for the Tsk mutation. We now demonstrate that the Tsk chromosome harbors a 30- to 40-kb genomic duplication within the Fbn1 gene that results in a larger than normal in-frame …

Cd40-Cd40 Ligand Interactions In Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis And Multiple Sclerosis., Koen Gerritse, Jon D. Laman, Randolph J. Noelle, Alejandro Aruffo

Dartmouth Scholarship

We investigated the role of CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) interactions in multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Activated helper T cells expressing CD40L (gp39) surface protein were found in MS patient brain sections, but not in brain tissue sections of normal controls or patients with other neurological disease. CD40L-positive cells were co-localized with CD40-bearing cells in active lesions (perivascular infiltrates). Most of these CD40-bearing cells proved to be of the monocytic lineage (macrophages or microglial cells), and relatively few were B cells. To functionally evaluate CD40-CD40L interactions, EAE was elicited in mice by means of proteolipid-peptide immunization. Treatment with …