Digital Commons Network^™

Reduced Efficacy Of Anti-AΒ Immunotherapy In A Mouse Model Of Amyloid Deposition And Vascular Cognitive Impairment Comorbidity, Erica M. Weekman, Tiffany L. Sudduth, Carly N. Caverly, Timothy J. Kopper, Oliver W. Phillips, David K. Powell, Donna M. Wilcock

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is the second most common form of dementia behind Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is estimated that 40% of AD patients also have some form of VCID. One promising therapeutic for AD is anti-Aβ immunotherapy, which uses antibodies against Aβ to clear it from the brain. While successful in clearing Aβ and improving cognition in mice, anti-Aβ immunotherapy failed to reach primary cognitive outcomes in several different clinical trials. We hypothesized that one potential reason the anti-Aβ immunotherapy clinical trials were unsuccessful was due to this high percentage of VCID …

Fto Genotype And Weight Loss: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of 9563 Individual Participant Data From Eight Randomised Controlled Trials., Katherine M Livingstone, Carlos Celis-Morales, George D Papandonatos, Bahar Erar, Jose C Florez, Kathleen A Jablonski, Cristina Razquin, Amelia Marti, Yoriko Heianza, Tao Huang, Frank M Sacks, Mathilde Svendstrup, Xuemei Sui, Timothy S Church, Tiina Jääskeläinen, Jaana Lindström, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Matti Uusitupa, Tuomo Rankinen, Wim H M Saris, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen, Arne Astrup, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Lu Qi, George A Bray, Miguel A Martinez-Gonzalez, J Alfredo Martinez, Paul W Franks, Jeanne M Mccaffery, Jose Lara, John C Mathers

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the FTO genotype on weight loss after dietary, physical activity, or drug based interventions in randomised controlled trials.

DESIGN: Systematic review and random effects meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised controlled trials.

DATA SOURCES: Ovid Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane from inception to November 2015.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR STUDY SELECTION: Randomised controlled trials in overweight or obese adults reporting reduction in body mass index, body weight, or waist circumference by FTO genotype (rs9939609 or a proxy) after dietary, physical activity, or drug based interventions. Gene by treatment interaction models were fitted to individual …

Decreasing Patient Cost And Travel Time Through Pediatric Rheumatology Telemedicine Visits., Elizabeth A. Kessler, Ashley K. Sherman, Mara L. Becker

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: There is a critical shortage of pediatric rheumatologists in the US. Substantial travel to clinics can impose time and monetary burdens on families. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost of in-person pediatric rheumatology visits for families and determine if telemedicine clinics resulted in time and cost savings. Factors associated with interest in telemedicine were also explored.

METHODS: Surveys were offered to parents and guardians of patients in Pediatric Rheumatology follow-up clinics in Kansas City, Missouri, the primary site of in-person care, and at a telemedicine outreach site 160 miles away, in Joplin, Missouri. Survey questions …

Airway Secretory Micrornaome Changes During Rhinovirus Infection In Early Childhood, Maria J. Gutierrez, Jose L. Gomez, Geovanny F. Perez, Krishna Pancham, Stephanie Val, Dinesh K. Pillai, Mamta Giri, Sarah Ferrante, Robert Freishtat, Mary C. Rose, Diego Preciado, Gustavo Nino

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background Innate immune responses are fine-tuned by small noncoding RNA molecules termed microRNAs (miRs) that modify gene expression in response to the environment. During acute infections, miRs can be secreted in extracellular vesicles (EV) to facilitate cell-to-cell genetic communication. The purpose of this study was to characterize the baseline population of miRs secreted in EVs in the airways of young children (airway secretory microRNAome) and examine the changes during rhinovirus (RV) infection, the most common cause of asthma exacerbations and the most important early risk factor for the development of asthma beyond childhood.

Methods Nasal airway secretions were obtained from …

Tau Phosphorylation At Alzheimer's Disease-Related Ser356 Contributes To Tau Stabilization When Par-1/Mark Activity Is Elevated., Kanae Ando, Mikiko Oka, Yosuke Ohtake, Motoki Hayashishita, Sawako Shimizu, Shin-Ichi Hisanaga, Koichi M. Iijima

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau is observed in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD-related phosphorylation of two tau residues, Ser262 and Ser356, by PAR-1/MARK stabilizes tau in the initial phase of mismetabolism, leading to subsequent phosphorylation events, accumulation, and toxicity. However, the relative contribution of phosphorylation at each of these sites to tau stabilization has not yet been elucidated. In a Drosophila model of human tau toxicity, we found that tau was phosphorylated at Ser262, but not at Ser356, and that blocking Ser262 phosphorylation decreased total tau levels. By contrast, when PAR-1 was co-overexpressed with tau, …

The Anoikis Effector Bit1 Inhibits Emt Through Attenuation Of Tle1-Mediated Repression Of E-Cadherin In Lung Cancer Cells., Xin Yao, Tri Pham, Brandi Temple, Hector Biliran

Faculty and Staff Publications

The mitochondrial Bcl-2 inhibitor of transcription 1 (Bit1) protein is part of an anoikis-regulating pathway that is selectively dependent on integrins. We previously demonstrated that the caspase-independent apoptotic effector Bit1 exerts tumor suppressive function in lung cancer in part by inhibiting anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Herein we show a novel function of Bit1 as an inhibitor cell migration and epithelial±mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line. Suppression of endogenous Bit1 expression via siRNA and shRNA strategies promoted mesenchymal phenotypes, including enhanced fibroblastoid morphology and cell migratory potential with concomitant …

Longer-Term Therapy For Symptoms Attributed To Lyme Disease, Gary P. Wormser

NYMC Faculty Publications

Comment on

• Randomized Trial of Longer-Term Therapy for Symptoms Attributed to Lyme Disease. [N Engl J Med. 2016]

Method And Phantom To Study Combined Effects Of In-Plane (X,Y) And Z-Axis Resolution For 3d Ct Imaging., David Goodenough, Josh Levy, Smari Kristinsson, Jesper Fredriksson, Hildur Olafsdottir, Austin Healy

Radiology Faculty Publications

Increasingly, the advent of multislice CT scanners, volume CT scanners, and total body spiral acquisition modes has led to the use of Multi Planar Reconstruction and 3D datasets. In considering 3D resolution properties of a CT system it is important to note that both the in-plane (x,y) and z-axis (slice thickness) influence the visual-ization and detection of objects within the scanned volume. This study investigates ways to consider both the in-plane resolution and the z-axis resolution in a single phantom wherein analytic or visualized analysis can yield information on these combined effects. A new phantom called the "Wave Phantom" is …

Schools Of Public Health In Low And Middle-Income Countries: An Imperative Investment For Improving The Health Of Populations?, Fauziah Rabbani, Leah Shipton, Franklin White, Iman Nuwayhid, Leslie London, Abdul Ghaffar, Bui Thi Thu Ha, Göran Tomson, Rajiv Rimal, Anwar Islam, Amirhossein Takian, Samuel Wong, Shehla Zaidi, Kausar Khan, Rozina Karmaliani, Imran Naeem Abbasi, Farhat Abbas

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Public health has multicultural origins. By the close of the nineteenth century, Schools of Public Health (SPHs) began to emerge in western countries in response to major contemporary public health challenges. The Flexner Report (1910) emphasized the centrality of preventive medicine, sanitation, and public health measures in health professional education. The Alma Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care (PHC) in 1978 was a critical milestone, especially for low and middle-income countries (LMICs), conceptualizing a close working relationship between PHC and public health measures. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health (2005-2008) strengthened the case for SPHs in LMICs as …

Methodology Of Aa Crash: A Prospective Observational Study Evaluating The Incidence And Pathogenesis Of Adverse Post-Traumatic Sequelae In African-Americans Experiencing Motor Vehicle Collision., Sarah D. Linnstaedt, Jun-Mei Hu, Andrea Y. Liu, April C. Soward, Kenneth A. Bollen, Henry E. Wang, Phyllis L. Hendry, Erin Zimny, Christopher A. Lewandowski, Marc-Anthony Velilla, Kathia Damiron, Claire Pearson, Robert Domeier, Sangeeta Kaushik, James Feldman, Mark Rosenberg, Jeffrey Jones, Robert Swor, Niels Rathlev, Samuel A. Mclean

Emergency Medicine Articles

INTRODUCTION: A motor vehicle collision (MVC) is one of the most common life-threatening events experienced by individuals living in the USA. While most individuals recover following MVC, a significant proportion of individuals develop adverse post-traumatic sequelae such as post-traumatic stress disorder or persistent musculoskeletal pain. Adverse post-traumatic sequelae are common, morbid and costly public health problems in the USA and other industrialised countries. The pathogenesis of these disorders following MVC remains poorly understood. In the USA, available data suggest that African-Americans experience an increased burden of adverse post-traumatic sequelae after MVC compared to European Americans, but to date no studies …

Relationship Between Bone-Specific Physical Activity Scores And Measures For Body Composition And Bone Mineral Density In Healthy Young College Women., Sojung Kim, Wi-Young So, Jooyoung Kim, Dong Jun Sung

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between bone-specific physical activity (BPAQ) scores, body composition, and bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy young college women.

METHODS: Seventy-three college women (21.7 ± 1.8 years; 162.1 ± 4.6 cm; 53.9 ± 5.8 kg) between the ages of 19 and 26 years were recruited from the universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi province, South Korea. We used dual energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and proximal femur BMD (left side; total hip, femoral neck). The BPAQ scores (past, pBPAQ; current, cBPAQ; total, tBPAQ) were used to …

The Prevalence, Location, Severity, And Daily Impact Of Pain Reported By Youth And Young Adults With Cerebral Palsy., Laura Brunton, Sarah Hall, Adrienne Passingham, Julie Wulff, Rich Delitala

Physical Therapy Publications

PURPOSE: To describe the prevalence, location, severity, and daily impact of pain reported by youth and young adults with cerebral palsy (CP). A secondary aim was to identify any significant associations between the constructs of interest.

METHOD: An observational study of 112 participants with CP to understand their experience of pain through a questionnaire. Participants were 56 males and 55 females with a mean age of 18y 9mo (SD 4y 5mo).

RESULTS: Pain was reported by 75% of males and 89% of females. Both severity and impact of pain were significantly greater in females. In addition, severity and impact of …

Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Describing The Diagnostic Accuracy Of History, Physical Examination, Imaging, And Lumbar Puncture With An Exploration Of Test Thresholds., Christopher R Carpenter, Adnan M Hussain, Michael J Ward, Gregory J Zipfel, Susan Fowler, Jesse M Pines, Marco L A Sivilotti

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a rare, but serious etiology of headache. The diagnosis of SAH is especially challenging in alert, neurologically intact patients, as missed or delayed diagnosis can be catastrophic.

OBJECTIVES: The objective was to perform a diagnostic accuracy systematic review and meta-analysis of history, physical examination, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests, computed tomography (CT), and clinical decision rules for spontaneous SAH. A secondary objective was to delineate probability of disease thresholds for imaging and lumbar puncture (LP).

METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and research meeting abstracts were searched up to June 2015 for studies of emergency department patients …

Evaluating Isolation Behaviors By Nurses Using Mobile Computer Workstations At The Bedside., Elizabeth L. Beam, Shawn G. Gibbs, Angela L. Hewlett, Peter C. Iwen, Suzanne L. Nuss, Philip W. Smith

Journal Articles: College of Nursing

This secondary analysis from a larger mixed methods study with a sequential explanatory design investigates the clinical challenges for nurses providing patient care, in an airborne and contact isolation room, while using a computer on wheels for medication administration in a simulated setting. Registered nurses, who regularly work in clinical care at the patient bedside, were recruited as study participants in the simulation and debriefing experience. A live volunteer acted as the standardized patient who needed assessment and intravenous pain medication. The simulation was video recorded in a typical hospital room to observe participating nurses conducting patient care in an …

Prospective Evaluation Of The Influence Of Iterative Reconstruction On The Reproducibility Of Coronary Calcium Quantification In Reduced Radiation Dose 320 Detector Row Ct., Andrew D Choi, Eric S Leifer, Jeannie Yu, Sujata M Shanbhag, Kathie Bronson, Andrew E Arai, Marcus Y Chen

Radiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) predicts coronary heart disease events and is important for individualized cardiac risk assessment. This report assesses the interscan variability of CT for coronary calcium quantification using image acquisition with standard and reduced radiation dose protocols and whether the use of reduced radiation dose acquisition with iterative reconstruction (IR; "reduced-dose/IR ") allows for similar image quality and reproducibility when compared to standard radiation dose acquisition with filtered back projection (FBP; "standard-dose/FBP") on 320-detector row computed tomography (320-CT).

METHODS: 200 consecutive patients (60 ± 9 years, 59% male) prospectively underwent two standard- and two reduced-dose acquisitions (800 …

Rna-Binding Protein Fxr1 Regulates P21 And Terc Rna To Bypass P53-Mediated Cellular Senescence In Oscc, Mrinmoyee Majumder, Reniqua House, Nallasivam Palanisamy, Shuo Qie, Terrence A. Day, David Neskey, J A. Diehl, Viswanathan Palanisamy

Urology Articles

RNA-binding proteins (RBP) regulate numerous aspects of co- and post-transcriptional gene expression in cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that RBP, fragile X-related protein 1 (FXR1), plays an essential role in cellular senescence by utilizing mRNA turnover pathway. We report that overexpressed FXR1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma targets (G-quadruplex (G4) RNA structure within) both mRNA encoding p21 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A, Cip1) and the non-coding RNA Telomerase RNA Component (TERC), and regulates their turnover to avoid senescence. Silencing of FXR1 in cancer cells triggers the activation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors, p53, increases DNA damage, and ultimately, cellular …

Variation In The Glucose Transporter Gene Slc2a2 Is Associated With Glycemic Response To Metformin, Kaixin Zhou, Sook-Wah Yee, Eric L. Seiser, Nienke Van Leeuwen, Roger Tavendale, Amanda J. Bennett, Christopher J. Groves, Ruth L. Coleman, Amber A. Van Der Heijden, Joline W. Beulens, Catherine E. De Keyser, Linda Zaharenko, Daniel M. Rotroff, Mattijs Out, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Ling Chen, Martin Javorský, Jozef Židzik, Albert M. Levin, Keoki L. Williams, Tanja Dujic, Sabina Semiz, Michiaki Kubo, Huan-Chieh Chien, Shiro Maeda, John S. Witte, Longyang Wu, Ivan Tkáč, Adriaan Kooy, Ron Hn Van Schaik, Coen Da Stehouwer, Lisa Logie, Calum Sutherland, Janis Klovins, Valdis Pirags, Albert Hofman, Bruno H Stricker, Alison A Motsinger-Reif, Michael J Wagner, Federico Innocenti, Leen M 'T Hart, Rury R Holman, Mark I Mccarthy, Monique M Hedderson, Colin N A Palmer, Jose C Florez, Kathleen M Giacomini, Ewan R Pearson

Internal Medicine Articles

Metformin is the first-line antidiabetic drug with over 100 million users worldwide, yet its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here the Metformin Genetics (MetGen) Consortium reports a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS), consisting of 13,123 participants of different ancestries. The C allele of rs8192675 in the intron of SLC2A2, which encodes the facilitated glucose transporter GLUT2, was associated with a 0.17% (P = 6.6 × 10(-14)) greater metformin-induced reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in 10,577 participants of European ancestry. rs8192675 was the top cis expression quantitative trait locus (cis-eQTL) for SLC2A2 in 1,226 human liver samples, suggesting a key role …

Surgical Resection Of Bilateral Coalition Of The Third And Fourth Metatarsals: A Case Report, Karl W. Dunn, Anthony R. Giordano

Orthopedics Articles

An intermetatarsal coalition is an uncommon pathologic entity, previously reported in published studies as being primarily unilateral, most commonly between the first and second metatarsals and less so between the third and fourth metatarsals. We report an unusual case of a bilateral coalition of the third and fourth metatarsals in a 43-year-old male who presented with nonspecific dorsolateral foot pain. Conservative therapy initially failed, and resolution of pain was noted bilaterally after coalition resection.

Increasing Access To Kidney Transplantation: Easy As A-B-O, Jerry Yee

Nephrology Articles

No abstract provided.

Putting Parity Into Practice – Integrating Opioid-Use Disorder Treatment Into The Hospital Setting, Laura Fanucchi, Michelle R. Lofwall

Center for Health Services Research Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Predictors Of Infant Age At Enrollment In Early Infant Diagnosis Services In Kenya., Kathy Goggin, Catherine Wexler, Niaman Nazir, Vincent S. Staggs, Brad Gautney, Vincent Okoth, Samoel A Khamadi, Andrea Ruff, Michael Sweat, An-Lin Cheng, Sarah Finocchario-Kessler

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Despite the importance of early detection to signal lifesaving treatment initiation for HIV+ infants, early infant diagnosis (EID) services have received considerably less attention than other aspects of prevention of mother to child transmission care. This study draws on baseline data from an on-going cluster randomized study of an intervention to improve EID services at six government hospitals across Kenya. Two logistic regressions examined potential predictors of "on time" (infant ≤6 weeks of age) vs. "late" (≥7 weeks) and "on time" versus "very late" (≥12 weeks) EID engagement among 756 mother-infant pairs. A quarter of the infants failed to get …

Chemical Modification Of Extracellular Matrix By Cold Atmospheric Plasma-Generated Reactive Species Affects Chondrogenesis And Bone Formation., Peter Eisenhauer, Natalie Chernets, You Song, Danil Dobrynin, Nancy Pleshko, Marla J Steinbeck, Theresa A. Freeman

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

The goal of this study was to investigate whether cold plasma generated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) modifies extracellular matrices (ECM) to influence chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification. Replacement of cartilage by bone during endochondral ossification is essential in fetal skeletal development, bone growth and fracture healing. Regulation of this process by the ECM occurs through matrix remodelling, involving a variety of cell attachment molecules and growth factors, which influence cell morphology and protein expression. The commercially available ECM, Matrigel, was treated with microsecond or nanosecond pulsed (μsp or nsp, respectively) DBD frequencies conditions at the equivalent frequencies (1 kHz) or …

Antiretroviral Therapy For The Prevention Of Hiv-1 Transmission., Myron S. Cohen, Ying Q. Chen, Marybeth Mccauley, Theresa Gamble, Mina C. Hosseinipour, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, James G. Hakim, Johnstone Kumwenda, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Jose H.S. Pilotto, Sheela V. Godbole, Suwat Chariyalertsak, Breno R. Santos, Kenneth H. Mayer, Irving F. Hoffman, Susan H. Eshleman, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Leslie Cottle, Xinyi C. Zhang, Joseph Makhema, Lisa A. Mills, Ravindre Panchia, Sharlaa Faesen, Joseph Eron, Joel Gallant, Diane Havlir, Susan Swindells, Vanessa Elharrar, David Burns, Taha E. Taha, Karin Nielsen-Saines, David D. Celentano, Max Essex, Sarah E. Hudelson, Andrew D. Redd, Thomas R. Fleming

Journal Articles: Internal Medicine

BACKGROUND: An interim analysis of data from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052 trial showed that antiretroviral therapy (ART) prevented more than 96% of genetically linked infections caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. ART was then offered to all patients with HIV-1 infection (index participants). The study included more than 5 years of follow-up to assess the durability of such therapy for the prevention of HIV-1 transmission.

METHODS: We randomly assigned 1763 index participants to receive either early or delayed ART. In the early-ART group, 886 participants started therapy at enrollment (CD4+ count, 350 …

Polypharmacy And Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use In Geriatric Oncology., Manvi Sharma, Kah Poh Loh, Ginah Nightingale Pharmd, Bcop, Supriya G. Mohile, Holly M. Holmes

College of Pharmacy Faculty Papers

Polypharmacy is a highly prevalent problem in older persons, and is challenging to assess and improve due to variations in definitions of the problem and the heterogeneous methods of medication review and reduction. The purpose of this review is to summarize evidence regarding the prevalence and impact of polypharmacy in geriatric oncology patients and to provide recommendations for assessment and management. Polypharmacy has somewhat variably been incorporated into geriatric assessment studies in geriatric oncology, and polypharmacy has not been consistently evaluated as a predictor of negative outcomes in patients with cancer. Once screened, interventions for polypharmacy are even more uncertain. …

Increasing Incidence Within Pubmed Of The Use Of The Misspelling "Pruritis" (Sic) Instead Of "Pruritus" For Itch, Alan B. Fleischer Jr.

Surgery Faculty Publications

Writers generally benefit from word processing technology, and the use of other forms of formal writing such as typewriters is archaic. The first stand-alone spell checker programs originated in the early 1980s, and by 1995 they were embedded within word processing programs such as Word 95 (1). With the ubiquity of such software, spelling errors in the medical literature should be extinct. Yet, as a reader of the medical literature with an interest in itch, this author is impressed with the numbers of misspellings of the word «pruritus.» The word pruritus is derived from the Latin pruritus, past participle …

Recurrent Violent Injury: Magnitude, Risk Factors, And Opportunities For Intervention From A Statewide Analysis., Elinore Kaufman, Kristin L. Rising, Md, Ms, Douglas J. Wiebe, David J. Ebler, Marie L. Crandall, M. Kit Delgado

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Although preventing recurrent violent injury is an important component of a public health approach to interpersonal violence and a common focus of violence intervention programs, the true incidence of recurrent violent injury is unknown. Prior studies have reported recurrence rates from 0.8% to 44%, and risk factors for recurrence are not well established.

METHODS: We used a statewide, all-payer database to perform a retrospective cohort study of emergency department visits for injury due to interpersonal violence in Florida, following up patients injured in 2010 for recurrence through 2012. We assessed risk factors for recurrence with multivariable logistic regression and …

Incidence And Duration Of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Infection In High-Risk Hpv-Naïve Women: Results From The Control Arm Of A Phase Ii Hpv-16/18 Vaccine Trial, Agnihotram V. Ramanakumar, Paulo Naud, Cecilia M. Roteli-Martins, Newton S. De Carvalho, Paola C. De Borba, Julio C. Teixeira, Mark Blatter, Anna-Barbara Moscicki, Diane M. Harper, Barbara Romanowski, Stephen K. Tyring, Brian Ramjattan, Anne Schuind, Gary Dubin, Eduardo L. Franco

Dartmouth Scholarship

OBJECTIVES:

Persistence of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is necessary for cervical carcinogenesis. We evaluated incidence and duration of type-specific HPV infections and the influence of age and number of sexual partners.

METHODS:

Data were obtained from 553 women (15-25 years), who were seronegative and DNA-negative for high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types and were enrolled in the placebo arm of a randomised trial of the HPV-16/18 vaccine (NCT00689741/NCT00120848). They were followed for 6.3 years. Cervicovaginal samples were self-collected at 3-month intervals for up to 27 months, and cervical samples were collected by clinicians at 6-month intervals until study end. …

Household, Psychosocial, And Individual-Level Factors Associated With Fruit, Vegetable, And Fiber Intake Among Low-Income Urban African American Youth., Angela Cristina Bizzotto Trude, Anna Yevgenyevna Kharmats, Kristen Marie Hurley, Elizabeth Anderson Steeves, Sameera A Talegawkar, Joel Gittelsohn

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity, one of the greatest challenges to public health, disproportionately affects low-income urban minority populations. Fruits and vegetables (FV) are nutrient dense foods that may be inversely associated with excessive weight gain. We aimed to identify the individual characteristic, psychosocial, and household factors influencing FV and fiber consumption in low-income African-American (AA) youth in Baltimore, MD.

METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of data collected from 285 low-income AA caregiver-youth (age range: 10-14 y) dyads participating in the baseline evaluation of the B'More Healthy Communities for Kids obesity prevention trial. The Kid's Block FFQ was used to estimate daily intakes of …

Organ Support After Death By Neurologic Criteria: Results Of A Survey Of Us Neurologists, Ariane Lewis, Nellie Adams, Panayiotis N. Varelas, David Greer, Arthur Caplan

Neurology Articles

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate how neurologists approach situations in which families request prolonged organ support after declaration of death by neurologic criteria (DNC).

METHODS: We surveyed 938 members of the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) who treat critically ill patients, including 50% who practice in states with accommodation exceptions (states that require religious or moral beliefs to be taken into consideration when declaring death or discontinuing organ support: California, Illinois, New Jersey, New York), and 50% who practice in nonaccommodation states.

RESULTS: The survey was completed by 201/938 individuals (21% response rate), 96 of whom were from accommodation states …

Living With Traumatic Brain Injury In A Rural Setting: Supports And Barriers Across The Continuum Of Care, Anne L. Harrison, Elizabeth G. Hunter, Heather Thomas, Paige Bordy, Erin Stokes, Patrick H. Kitzman

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is prevalent in Kentucky and comes with a high cost in care and quality of life for individuals and caregivers affected. Many people living with the condition of TBI have unmet needs. Research among people living with TBI in rural areas is limited. The purposes of this study were to (1) increase understanding of the lived experience of people with TBI and caregivers in rural regions of Kentucky across the continuum of their care and (2) provide their perspectives on barriers and facilitators of optimal function and well-being.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive interview study was …