Digital Commons Network^™

The Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Indomethacin Induces Heterogeneity In Lipid Membranes: Potential Implication For Its Diverse Biological Action, Mihnea P Dragomir, Stefan Tudor, Keishi Okubo, Masayoshi Shimizu, Meng Chen, Dana Elena Giza, William Ruixian He, Cristina Ivan, George A Calin, Catalin Vasilescu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Splenectomy is a common surgical procedure performed in millions of people worldwide. Epidemiologic data show that splenectomy is followed by infectious (sepsis) and non-infectious complications, with unknown mechanisms. In order to explore the role of the non-coding transcripts involved in these complications, we analysed a panel of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), which were previously reported to be deregulated in sepsis, in the plasma of splenectomized patients. MiR-223 was overexpressed immediately and late after splenectomy, while miR-146a was overexpressed immediately after splenectomy, returning latter to basal levels; and miR-16, miR-93, miR-26a and miR-26b were overexpressed only late after splenectomy, suggesting similarities with …

Gilteritinib Or Chemotherapy For Relapsed Or Refractory Flt3-Mutated Aml, Alexander E. Perl, Giovanni Martinelli, Jorge E. Cortes, Andreas Neubauer, Ellin Berman, Stefania Paolini, Pau Montesinos, Maria R. Baer, Richard A. Larson, Celalettin Ustun, Francesco Fabbiano, Harry P. Erba, Antonio Di Stasi, Robert Stuart, Rebecca Olin, Margaret Kasner, Fabio Ciceri, Wen-Chien Chou, Nikolai Podoltsev, Christian Recher, Hisayuki Yokoyama, Naoko Hosono, Sung-Soo Yoon, Je-Hwan Lee, Timothy Pardee, Amir T. Fathi, Chaofeng Liu, Nahla Hasabou, Xuan Liu, Erkut Bahceci, Mark J. Levis

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutations in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 gene (FLT3) infrequently have a response to salvage chemotherapy. Gilteritinib is an oral, potent, selective FLT3 inhibitor with single-agent activity in relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML.

METHODS: In a phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned adults with relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML in a 2:1 ratio to receive either gilteritinib (at a dose of 120 mg per day) or salvage chemotherapy. The two primary end points were overall survival and the percentage of patients who had complete remission …

Burden Of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis On Workers In The Us: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Survey Data., Jacqueline A Nicholas, Batul Electricwala, Lulu K Lee, Kristen M Johnson

Neuroscience Articles

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is prevalent among working age individuals (20-60 years), leading to high burden on work productivity. Few data are available about the absenteeism and presenteeism in employed individuals with MS in comparison to non-MS personnel. This study aimed to quantify the burden of illness of employed US adults with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and examine burden by levels of work impairment.

METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using patient-reported responses from the US National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS). Data from NHWS 2015-2016 were analyzed from 196 employed RRMS respondents who were matched 1:4 to employed …

Case 22-2019: A 65-Year-Old Woman With Myopathy., Marinos C. Dalakas

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Safety Climate, Safety Climate Strength, And Length Of Stay In The Nicu, Daniel S Tawfik, Eric J Thomas, Timothy J Vogus, Jessica B Liu, Paul J Sharek, Courtney C Nisbet, Henry C Lee, J Bryan Sexton, Jochen Profit

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Safety climate is an important marker of patient safety attitudes within health care units, but the significance of intra-unit variation of safety climate perceptions (safety climate strength) is poorly understood. This study sought to examine the standard safety climate measure (percent positive response (PPR)) and safety climate strength in relation to length of stay (LOS) of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants within California neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

METHODS: Observational study of safety climate from 2073 health care providers in 44 NICUs. Consistent perceptions among a NICU's respondents, i.e., safety climate strength, was determined via intra-unit standard deviation …

Preliminary Development Of A Questionnaire Measuring Patient Views Of Participation In Clinical Trials, Judith Arnetz, Sukhesh Sudan, Courtney Goetz, Bengt Arnetz, Laura Gowland, Suzanne Manji, Samiran Ghosh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a questionnaire for measuring patient perceptions of participating in clinical trials. Development was based on earlier research on patient views of involvement in medical care and a literature review. Patients were recruited from an ongoing clinical trial focused on cardiovascular illness and from an outpatient psychiatry department. Factor analysis was conducted on a pilot version of the questionnaire in 2016 and on a revised version in 2017.

RESULTS: A total of 53 patients were recruited for the pilot study and 55 were recruited for the main study, substantially below the goal of 100 participants. …

Tinnitus And Self-Perceived Hearing Handicap In Firefighters: A Cross-Sectional Study, Samson Jamesdaniel, Kareem G Elhage, Rita Rosati, Samiran Ghosh, Bengt Arnetz, James Blessman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Firefighters are susceptible to auditory dysfunction due to long-term exposure to noise from sirens, air horns, equipment, and tools used in forcible entry, ventilation, and extrication. In addition, they are exposed to ototoxic chemicals, particularly, during overhaul operations. Studies indicate that 40% of firefighters have hearing loss in the noise-sensitive frequencies of 4 and 6 kHz. Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is often accompanied by tinnitus, which is characterized by ringing noise in the ears. The presence of phantom sounds can adversely affect the performance of firefighters. However, there has been limited research conducted on the prevalence of tinnitus in firefighters. …

The Gut-Microbiome In Gulf War Veterans: A Preliminary Report, Patricia A. Janulewicz, Ratanesh K. Seth, Jeffrey M. Carlson, Joy Ajama, Emily Quinn, Timothy Heeren, Nancy Klimas, Steven M. Lasley, Ronnie Horner, Kimberly Sullivan, Saurabh Chatterjee

Faculty Publications

Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic multi-symptom disorder affecting the central nervous system (CNS), immune and gastrointestinal (GI) systems of Gulf War veterans (GWV). We assessed the relationships between GWI, GI symptoms, gut microbiome and inflammatory markers in GWV from the Boston Gulf War Illness Consortium (GWIC). Three groups of GWIC veterans were recruited in this pilot study; GWV without GWI and no gastrointestinal symptoms (controls), GWV with GWI and no gastrointestinal symptoms (GWI-GI), GWV with GWI who reported gastrointestinal symptoms (GW+GI). Here we report on a subset of the first thirteen stool samples analyzed. Results showed significantly different …

Socioemotional Selectivity And Psychological Health In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients And Caregivers: A Longitudinal, Dyadic Analysis, Suzanne C. Segerstrom, Edward J. Kasarskis, David W. Fardo, Philip M. Westgate

Psychology Faculty Publications

Objective: Socioemotional selectivity theory predicts that as the end of life approaches, goals and resources that provide immediate, hedonic reward become more important than those that provide delayed rewards. This study tested whether these goal domains differentially affected psychological health in the context of marital dyads in which one partner had been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a life-limiting disease.

Design: ALS patients (N = 102) being treated in three multidisciplinary clinics and their spouses (N = 100) reported their loneliness, financial worry and psychological health every 3 months for up to 18 months.

Main …

Which Student Characteristics Are Most Important In Determining Clinical Honors In Clerkships? A Teaching Ward Attending Perspective., Lauren Nicholas Herrera, Ryan Khodadadi, Erinn Schmit, James Willig, Andrew Hoellein, Christopher Knudson, Karen Law, Nina Mingioni, Katherine Walsh, Carlos Estrada, Winter Williams

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

PURPOSE: To explore faculty perspectives on which characteristics of high-performing clerkship students are most important when determining an honors or top grade designation for clinical performance.

METHOD: In 2016-2017, the authors surveyed faculty (teaching ward attendings) for internal medicine clerkships and 1 pediatrics clerkship in inpatient settings at 5 U.S. academic medical centers. Survey items were framed around competencies, 24 student characteristics, and attitudes toward evaluation. Factor analysis examined constructs defining high-performing students.

RESULTS: Of 516 faculty invited, 319 (62%) responded. The top 5 characteristics as rated by respondents were taking ownership, clinical reasoning, curiosity, dependability, and high ethical standards …

Energy Balance Related Lifestyle Factors And Risk Of Endometrial And Colorectal Cancer Among Individuals With Lynch Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Adriana M Coletta, Susan K Peterson, Leticia A Gatus, Kate J Krause, Susan M Schembre, Susan C Gilchrist, Mala Pande, Eduardo Vilar, Y Nancy You, Miguel A Rodriguez-Bigas, Larkin L Strong, Patrick M Lynch, Karen H Lu, Karen Basen-Engquist

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lifestyle factors related to energy balance, such as excess body weight, poor diet, and physical inactivity, are associated with risk of sporadic endometrial cancer (EC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). There are limited data on energy balance-related lifestyle factors and EC or CRC risk among individuals with lynch syndrome, who are at extraordinarily higher risk of developing EC or CRC. We conducted a systematic review of evidence related to weight status, weight change, dietary habits, and physical activity on EC and CRC risk among individuals with lynch syndrome. Findings are reported narratively. We searched Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PubMed, and clinicaltrials.gov up …

Temperature, Placental Abruption And Stillbirth, Amal Rammah, Kristina W Whitworth, Inkyu Han, Wenyaw Chan, Judy Wendt Hess, Elaine Symanski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Pregnant women may be vulnerable to changes in ambient temperature and warming climates. Recent evidence suggests that temperature increases are associated with placental abruption, a risk factor for stillbirth.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effect of acute exposures to apparent temperature on stillbirths in Harris County, Texas, 2008-2013.

METHODS: We conducted a case-crossover study to investigate the association between temperature and stillbirth among 708 women. We used data from the National Climatic Data Center to estimate maternal exposure to daily average apparent temperature over the days (lag days 1 through 6) preceding the stillbirth event. We employed symmetric bidirectional sampling …

Adolescent Dating Violence Prevention Program For Early Adolescents: The Me & You Randomized Controlled Trial, 2014-2015, Melissa F Peskin, Christine M Markham, Ross Shegog, Elizabeth R Baumler, Robert C Addy, Jeff R Temple, Belinda Hernandez, Paula M Cuccaro, Melanie A Thiel, Efrat K Gabay, Susan R Tortolero Emery

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives. To test the efficacy of Me & You, a multilevel technology-enhanced adolescent dating violence (DV) intervention, in reducing DV perpetration and victimization among ethnic-minority early adolescent youths. We assessed secondary impact for specific DV types and psychosocial outcomes.

Methods. We conducted a group-randomized controlled trial of 10 middle schools from a large urban school district in Southeast Texas in 2014 to 2015. We used multilevel regression modeling; the final analytic sample comprised 709 sixth-grade students followed for 1 year.

Results. Among the total sample, odds of DV perpetration were lower among intervention students than among control students (adjusted odds …

Cervical Assessment By Ultrasound For Preventing Preterm Delivery., Vincenzo Berghella, Gabriele Saccone

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Measurement of cervical length by ultrasound is predictive of preterm birth (PTB). There are three methods of ultrasound cervical assessment: transvaginal (TVU), transabdominal (TAU), and transperineal (TPU, also called translabial). Cervical length measured by TVU is a relatively new screening test, and has been associated with better prediction of PTB than previously available tests. It is unclear if cervical length measured by ultrasound is effective for preventing PTB. This is an update of a review last published in 2013.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of antenatal management based on transvaginal, transabdominal, and transperineal (also called translabial) ultrasound screening of …

Screening For Undiagnosed Bleeding Disorders In Post-Tonsillectomy Bleed Patients: Retrospective Review And Systematic Review Of The Literature, Sarah A Gitomer, Grace Shebha Anand, Hallie E Bradley, Manish Kumar, Lara Ouellette, Mary F Musso

Library Staff Publications

OBJECTIVES: There is currently no standard for screening children with post-tonsillectomy bleeds (PTB) for coagulopathy disorders. This study aims to identify children with occult coagulopathy diagnosed at PTB and to identify factors associated with diagnosis. A systematic review of the literature further identified trends in this topic.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients returning to the operating room for PTB at a tertiary children's hospital was undertaken from 2012 to 2016. A systematic review using Medline OVID was subsequently performed.

RESULTS: Of 12,503 tonsillectomies, 311 children (52% male, mean age 8 years) required surgery for PTB (2.5% rate). Twenty-one …

Improving The Youth Hiv Prevention And Care Cascades: Innovative Designs In The Adolescent Trials Network For Hiv/Aids Interventions, Sylvie Naar, Michael G Hudgens, Ron Brookmeyer, April Idalski Carcone, Jason Chapman, Shrabanti Chowdhury, Andrea Ciaranello, W Scott Comulada, Samiran Ghosh, Keith J Horvath, Ladrea Ingram, Sara Legrand, Cathy J Reback, Kit Simpson, Bonita Stanton, Tyrel Starks, Dallas Swendeman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dramatic decreases in HIV transmission are achievable with currently available biomedical and behavioral interventions, including antiretroviral therapy and pre-exposure prophylaxis. However, such decreases have not yet been realized among adolescents and young adults. The Adolescent Medicine Trials Network (ATN) for HIV/AIDS interventions is dedicated to research addressing the needs of youth at high risk for HIV acquisition as well as youth living with HIV. This article provides an overview of an array of efficient and effective designs across the translational spectrum that are utilized within the ATN. These designs maximize methodological rigor and real-world applicability of findings while minimizing resource …

Unraveling The Functional Role Of The Orphan Solute Carrier, Slc22a24 In The Transport Of Steroid Conjugates Through Metabolomic And Genome-Wide Association Studies, Sook Wah Yee, Adrian Stecula, Huan-Chieh Chien, Ling Zou, Elena V Feofanova, Marjolein Van Borselen, Kit Wun Kathy Cheung, Noha A Yousri, Karsten Suhre, Jason M Kinchen, Eric Boerwinkle, Roshanak Irannejad, Bing Yu, Kathleen M Giacomini

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Variation in steroid hormone levels has wide implications for health and disease. The genes encoding the proteins involved in steroid disposition represent key determinants of interindividual variation in steroid levels and ultimately, their effects. Beginning with metabolomic data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we observed that genetic variants in the orphan transporter, SLC22A24 were significantly associated with levels of androsterone glucuronide and etiocholanolone glucuronide (sentinel SNPs p-value

Pm25 Metal Constituent Exposure And Stillbirth Risk In Harris County, Texas, Amal Rammah, Kristina W Whitworth, Inkyu Han, Wenyaw Chan, Elaine Symanski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

There is limited evidence on the role of exposure to chemical constituents of fine particulate matter (PM

Low-Cost, High-Resolution Imaging For Detecting Cervical Precancer In Medically-Underserved Areas Of Texas, Sonia G Parra, Ana M Rodriguez, Katelin D Cherry, Richard A Schwarz, Rose M Gowen, Laura B Guerra, Andrea M Milbourne, Paul A Toscano, Susan P Fisher-Hoch, Kathleen M Schmeler, Rebecca R Richards-Kortum

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer rates in the United States have declined since the 1940's, however, cervical cancer incidence remains elevated in medically-underserved areas, especially in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) along the Texas-Mexico border. High-resolution microendoscopy (HRME) is a low-cost, in vivo imaging technique that can identify high-grade precancerous cervical lesions (CIN2+) at the point-of-care. The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of HRME in medically-underserved areas in Texas, comparing results to a tertiary academic medical center.

METHODS: HRME was evaluated in five different outpatient clinical settings, two in Houston and three in the RGV, with medical providers …

Vitamin D Status And Risk Of Incident Tuberculosis Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, And Individual-Participant Data Meta-Analysis, Omowunmi Aibana, Chuan-Chin Huang, Said Aboud, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Mercedes C Becerra, Juan Bautista Bellido-Blasco, Ramesh Bhosale, Roger Calderon, Silvia Chiang, Carmen Contreras, Ganmaa Davaasambuu, Wafaie W Fawzi, Molly F Franke, Jerome T Galea, Daniel Garcia-Ferrer, Maria Gil-Fortuño, Barbará Gomila-Sard, Amita Gupta, Nikhil Gupte, Rabia Hussain, Jesus Iborra-Millet, Najeeha T Iqbal, Jose Vicente Juan-Cerdán, Aarti Kinikar, Leonid Lecca, Vidya Mave, Noemi Meseguer-Ferrer, Grace Montepiedra, Ferdinand M Mugusi, Olumuyiwa A Owolabi, Julie Parsonnet, Freddy Roach-Poblete, Maria Angeles Romeu-García, Stephen A Spector, Christopher R Sudfeld, Mark W Tenforde, Toyin O Togun, Rosa Yataco, Zibiao Zhang, Megan B Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated the association between preexisting vitamin D deficiency and incident tuberculosis (TB). We assessed the impact of baseline vitamins D levels on TB disease risk.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: We assessed the association between baseline vitamin D and incident TB in a prospective cohort of 6,751 HIV-negative household contacts of TB patients enrolled between September 1, 2009, and August 29, 2012, in Lima, Peru. We screened for TB disease at 2, 6, and 12 months after enrollment. We defined cases as household contacts who developed TB disease at least 15 days after enrollment of the index patient. …

Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Of The Nasopharynx: Report Of One Case And Review Of The Literature, Zhenjian Cai, Mei Lin, Angel I Blanco, Jing Liu, Hui Zhu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-positive neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the nasopharynx is exceedingly rare, only two cases have been reported in the literature. While EBV infection is strongly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which is carcinoma with squamous differentiation, the link between EBV and NEC is not well known, and can be diagnostically challenging. In this study, we report the third case of EBV-positive large cell NEC of nasopharynx with neck lymph node metastasis. The patient was treated with combined radiation and chemotherapy and showed complete clinical and radiological response. Similar treatment response has been reported in another patient with high stage EBV-positive …

Low-Cost, High-Resolution Imaging For Detecting Cervical Precancer In Medically-Underserved Areas Of Texas, Sonia G Parra, Ana M Rodriguez, Katelin D Cherry, Richard A Schwarz, Rose M Gowen, Laura B Guerra, Andrea M Milbourne, Paul A Toscano, Susan P Fisher-Hoch, Kathleen M Schmeler, Rebecca R Richards-Kortum

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer rates in the United States have declined since the 1940's, however, cervical cancer incidence remains elevated in medically-underserved areas, especially in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) along the Texas-Mexico border. High-resolution microendoscopy (HRME) is a low-cost, in vivo imaging technique that can identify high-grade precancerous cervical lesions (CIN2+) at the point-of-care. The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of HRME in medically-underserved areas in Texas, comparing results to a tertiary academic medical center.

METHODS: HRME was evaluated in five different outpatient clinical settings, two in Houston and three in the RGV, with medical providers …

Assessing General Cognitive And Adaptive Abilities In Adults With Down Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Sarah Hamburg, Bryony Lowe, Carla Marie Startin, Concepcion Padilla, Antonia Coppus, Wayne Silverman, Juan Fortea, Shahid Zaman, Elizabeth Head, Benjamin L. Handen, Ira Lott, Weihong Song, André Strydom

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Measures of general cognitive and adaptive ability in adults with Down syndrome (DS) used by previous studies vary substantially. This review summarises the different ability measures used previously, focusing on tests of intelligence quotient (IQ) and adaptive behaviour (AB), and where possible examines floor effects and differences between DS subpopulations. We aimed to use information regarding existing measures to provide recommendations for individual researchers and the DS research community.

RESULTS: Nineteen studies reporting IQ test data met inclusion for this review, with 17 different IQ tests used. Twelve of these IQ tests were used in only one study while …

Blood Leukocyte Dna Methylation Predicts Risk Of Future Myocardial Infarction And Coronary Heart Disease, Golareh Agha, Michael M Mendelson, Cavin K Ward-Caviness, Roby Joehanes, Tianxiao Huan, Rahul Gondalia, Elias Salfati, Jennifer A Brody, Giovanni Fiorito, Jan Bressler, Brian H Chen, Symen Ligthart, Simonetta Guarrera, Elena Colicino, Allan C Just, Simone Wahl, Christian Gieger, Amy R Vandiver, Toshiko Tanaka, Dena G Hernandez, Luke C Pilling, Andrew B Singleton, Carlotta Sacerdote, Vittorio Krogh, Salvatore Panico, Rosario Tumino, Yun Li, Guosheng Zhang, James D Stewart, James S Floyd, Kerri L Wiggins, Jerome I Rotter, Michael Multhaup, Kelly Bakulski, Steven Horvath, Philip S Tsao, Devin M Absher, Pantel Vokonas, Joel Hirschhorn, M Daniele Fallin, Chunyu Liu, Stefania Bandinelli, Eric Boerwinkle, Abbas Dehghan, Joel D Schwartz, Bruce M Psaty, Andrew P Feinberg, Lifang Hou, Luigi Ferrucci, Nona Sotoodehnia, Giuseppe Matullo, Annette Peters, Myriam Fornage, Themistocles L Assimes, Eric A Whitsel, Daniel Levy, Andrea A Baccarelli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: DNA methylation is implicated in coronary heart disease (CHD), but current evidence is based on small, cross-sectional studies. We examined blood DNA methylation in relation to incident CHD across multiple prospective cohorts.

METHODS: Nine population-based cohorts from the United States and Europe profiled epigenome-wide blood leukocyte DNA methylation using the Illumina Infinium 450k microarray, and prospectively ascertained CHD events including coronary insufficiency/unstable angina, recognized myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, and coronary death. Cohorts conducted race-specific analyses adjusted for age, sex, smoking, education, body mass index, blood cell type proportions, and technical variables. We conducted fixed-effect meta-analyses across cohorts.

RESULTS: Among …

Designing High-Quality Implementation Research: Development, Application, Feasibility And Preliminary Evaluation Of The Implementation Science Research Development (Impres) Tool And Guide, Louise Hull, Lucy Goulding, Zarnie Khadjesari, Rachel E. Davis, Andy Healey, Ioannis Bakolis, Nick Sevdalis

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Designing implementation research can be a complex and daunting task, especially for applied health researchers who have not received specialist training in implementation science. We developed the Implementation Science Research Development (ImpRes) tool and supplementary guide to address this challenge and provide researchers with a systematic approach to designing implementation research. METHODS: A multi-method and multi-stage approach was employed. An international, multidisciplinary expert panel engaged in an iterative brainstorming and consensus-building process to generate core domains of the ImpRes tool, representing core implementation science principles and concepts that researchers should consider when designing implementation research. Simultaneously, an iterative process …

Information Diffusion And Social Norms Are Associated With Infant And Young Child Feeding Practices In Bangladesh, Phuong H. Nguyen, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Sunny S. Kim, Amanda A. Zongrone, Amir Jilani, Lan Mai Tran, Tina Sanghvi, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

Background

Interaction within mothers’ social networks can theoretically diffuse messages from interventions and campaigns into norms and practices for infant and young child feeding (IYCF).

Objectives

We hypothesized that mothers’ social networks, diffusion of information, and social norms differed in intensive [intensive interpersonal counseling (IPC), community mobilization (CM), and mass media (MM)] compared with nonintensive (standard IPC and less-intensive CM and MM) intervention areas, were associated with IYCF practices, and partly explained practice improvement.

Methods

We conducted household surveys at endline in 2014 and follow-up in 2016 (n = ∼2000 each round). We used multiple regression to test differences …

Effectiveness Of High-Intensity Interval Training For Fitness And Mobility Post Stroke: A Systematic Review., Joshua C. Wiener, Amanda Mcintyre, Scott Janssen, Jeffrey Ty Chow, Cristina Batey, Robert Teasell

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evidence on the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in improving fitness and mobility post stroke. TYPE: Systematic review.

LITERATURE SURVEY: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for articles published in English up to January 2018.

METHODOLOGY: Studies were included if the sample was adult human participants with stroke, the sample size was ≥3, and participants received >1 session of HIIT. Study and participant characteristics, treatment protocols, and results were extracted.

SYNTHESIS: Six studies with a total of 140 participants met inclusion criteria: three randomized controlled trials and three pre-post studies. HIIT protocols ranged …

Behavior Change Interventions Delivered Through Interpersonal Communication, Agricultural Activities, Community Mobilization, And Mass Media Increase Complementary Feeding Practices And Reduce Child Stunting In Ethiopia, Sunny S. Kim, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Yisehac Yohannes, Yewelsew Abebe, Manisha Tharaney, Elizabeth Drummond, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Marie T. Ruel, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Appropriate infant and young child feeding practices are critical for optimal child growth and development, but in Ethiopia, complementary feeding (CF) practices are very poor. Alive & Thrive (A&T) provided intensive behavior change interventions through 4 platforms: interpersonal communication (IPC), nutrition-sensitive agricultural activities (AG), community mobilization (CM), and mass media (MM).

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of A&T intensive compared with nonintensive interventions (standard nutrition counseling and agricultural extension service and less intensive CM and MM) on CF practices and knowledge and child anthropometric outcomes.

METHODS: We used a cluster-randomized …

The Case For Patient Navigation In Lung Cancer Screening In Vulnerable Populations: A Systematic Review., Christine S Shusted, Julie A Barta, Michael Lake, Rickie Brawer, Brooke Ruane, Teresa E Giamboy, Baskaran Sundaram, Nathaniel R Evans, Ronald E Myers, Gregory C Kane

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers

Patient navigation has been proposed to combat cancer disparities in vulnerable populations. Vulnerable populations often have poorer cancer outcomes and lower levels of screening, adherence, and treatment. Navigation has been studied in various cancers, but few studies have assessed navigation in lung cancer. Additionally, there is a lack of consistency in metrics to assess the quality of navigation programs. The authors conducted a systematic review of published cancer screening studies to identify quality metrics used in navigation programs, as well as to recommend standardized metrics to define excellence in lung cancer navigation. The authors included 26 studies evaluating navigation metrics …

The Society Of Abdominal Radiology At 10 Years: Reflections, Status Report, And Look To The Future, Manju Ambelil, David M Saulino, Atilla Ertan, Andrew W Dupont, Mamoun Younes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

CONTEXT.—: Recent studies examining immunohistochemical staining of colorectal biopsies for cytomegalovirus (CMV) reported that some cases showed only occasional small positive nuclei that were called equivocal for CMV.

OBJECTIVES.—: To determine the extent and clinical significance of equivocal CMV staining in colorectal biopsies.

DESIGN.—: Two-hundred twenty-one consecutive cases of colon and rectal biopsies that were stained for CMV by immunohistochemistry were retrieved from our files and reviewed. Staining results were recorded as negative, unequivocal, or equivocal. Results were correlated with clinicopathologic data, results of polymerase chain reaction studies for CMV, and treatment history.

RESULTS.—: Fifty-two cases (24% of all tested, …