Digital Commons Network^™

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Spread In Oligodendrocytic Cells Is Highly Dependent On Mal Proteolipid., José Antonio López-Guerrero, Carmen De La Nuez, Beatriz Praena, Enrique Sánchez-León, Claude Krummenacher, Raquel Bello-Morales

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL) is a tetraspan integral membrane protein that resides in detergent-insoluble membrane fractions enriched in condensed membranes. MAL is expressed in oligodendrocytes, in Schwann cells, where it is essential for the stability of myelin, and at the apical membrane of epithelial cells, where it has a critical role in transport. In T lymphocytes, MAL is found at the immunological synapse and plays a crucial role in exosome secretion. However, no involvement of MAL in viral infections has been reported so far. Here, we show that herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) virions travel in association with MAL-positive …

Dynamic Phosphorylation And Dephosphorylation Of Cyclase-Associated Protein 1 By Antagonistic Signaling Through Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 And Camp Are Critical For The Protein Functions In Actin Filament Disassembly And Cell Adhesion, Haitao Zhang, Auburn Ramsey, Yitong Xiao, Uddhab Karki, Jennifer Y. Xie, Jianfeng Xu, Thomas Kelly, Shoichiro Ono, Guo-Lei Zhou

Arkansas Biosciences Institute

yclase-ssociated rotein (CAP1) is a conserved actin-regulating protein that enhances actin filament dynamics and also regulates adhesion in mammalian cells. We previously found that phosphorylation at the Ser307/Ser309 tandem site controls its association with cofilin and actin and is important for CAP1 to regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we report that transient Ser307/Ser309 phosphorylation is required for CAP1 function in both actin filament disassembly and cell adhesion. Both the phosphomimetic and the nonphosphorylatable CAP1 mutant, which resist transition between phosphorylated and dephosphorylated forms, had defects in rescuing the reduced rate of actin filament disassembly in the CAP1 knockdown HeLa cells. …

A Multicenter Study Of The Revogene C. Difficile System For Detection Of The Toxin B Gene From Unformed Stool Specimens, Michael J. Mashock, Matthew L. Faron, Karen C. Carroll, Christina Dang, Shawna Lewis, Hossein Salimnia, Paul Lephart, Vivian G. Loo, Bryan H. Schmitt, Stephen Young, Blake W. Buchan, Nathan A. Ledeboer

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of diarrhea in hospitalized U.S. patients and results in over 400,000 cases of C. difficile infection per year. C. difficile infections have mortality rates of 6 to 30% and significantly increase health care costs, because of increased length of stay and increased frequency of readmissions due to recurrences. Efforts to reduce the spread of C. difficile in hospitals have led to the development of rapid sensitive diagnostic methods. A multicenter study was performed to establish the performance characteristics of the Revogene C. difficile test (Meridian Bioscience, Cincinnati, OH, USA) for use in detection of …

Plasmodium Falciparum Resistance To A Lead Benzoxaborole Due To Blocked Compound Activation And Altered Ubiquitination Or Sumoylation., Kirthana M. V. Sindhe, Wesley Wu, Jenny Legac, Yong-Kang Zhang, Eric E. Easom, Roland A. Cooper, Jacob J. Plattner, Yvonne R. Freund, Joseph L. Derisi, Philip J. Rosenthal

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

New antimalarial drugs are needed. The benzoxaborole AN13762 showed excellent activity against cultured Plasmodium falciparum, against fresh Ugandan P. falciparum isolates, and in murine malaria models. To gain mechanistic insights, we selected in vitro for P. falciparum isolates resistant to AN13762. In all of 11 independent selections with 100 to 200 nM AN13762, the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) increased from 18–118 nM to 180–890 nM, and whole-genome sequencing of resistant parasites demonstrated mutations in prodrug activation and resistance esterase (PfPARE). The introduction of PfPARE mutations led to a similar level of resistance, and recombinant PfPARE hydrolyzed AN13762 to the benzoxaborole …

Metabolic Dysregulation In The Atp7b-/- Wilson's Disease Mouse Model, Clavia Ruth Wooton-Kee, Matthew Robertson, Ying Zhou, Bingning Dong, Zhen Sun, Kang Ho Kim, Hailan Liu, Yong Xu, Nagireddy Putluri, Pradip Saha, Cristian Coarfa, David D Moore, Alli M Nuotio-Antar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Inactivating mutations in the copper transporter Atp7b result in Wilson’s disease. The Atp7b−/− mouse develops hallmarks of Wilson’s disease. The activity of several nuclear receptors decreased in Atp7b−/− mice, and nuclear receptors are critical for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, we anticipated that Atp7b−/− mice would exhibit altered progression of diet-induced obesity, fatty liver, and insulin resistance. Following 10 wk on a chow or Western-type diet (40% kcal fat), parameters of glucose and lipid homeostasis were measured. Hepatic metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and correlated with transcriptomic data. Atp7b−/− mice fed a chow diet presented …

Deficient Histone H3 Propionylation By Brpf1-Kat6 Complexes In Neurodevelopmental Disorders And Cancer., Kezhi Yan, Justine Rousseau, Keren Machol, Laura A. Cross, Katherine E. Agre, Cynthia Forster Gibson, Anne Goverde, Kendra Engleman, Hannah Verdin, Elfride De Baere, Lorraine Potocki, Dihong Zhou, Maxime Cadieux-Dion, Gary A. Bellus, Monisa D. Wagner, Rebecca J. Hale, Natacha Esber, Alan F. Riley, Benjamin D. Solomon, Megan T. Cho, Kirsty Mcwalter, Roy Eyal, Meagan K. Hainlen, Bryce A. Mendelsohn, Hillary M. Porter, Brendan C. Lanpher, Andrea M. Lewis, Juliann Savatt, Isabelle Thiffault, Bert Callewaert, Philippe M. Campeau, Xiang-Jiao Yang

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A) and its paralog KAT6B form stoichiometric complexes with bromodomain- and PHD finger-containing protein 1 (BRPF1) for acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 23 (H3K23). We report that these complexes also catalyze H3K23 propionylation in vitro and in vivo. Immunofluorescence microscopy and ATAC-See revealed the association of this modification with active chromatin. Brpf1 deletion obliterates the acylation in mouse embryos and fibroblasts. Moreover, we identify BRPF1 variants in 12 previously unidentified cases of syndromic intellectual disability and demonstrate that these cases and known BRPF1 variants impair H3K23 propionylation. Cardiac anomalies are present in a subset of the …

Evidence For The Misfolding Of The A1 Domain Within Multimeric Von Willebrand Factor In Type 2 Von Willebrand Disease, Alexander Tischer, Maria A Brehm, Venkata R Machha, Laurie Moon-Tasson, Linda M Benson, Katelynn J Nelton, Rachel R Leger, Tobias Obser, Marina Martinez-Vargas, Steven T Whitten, Dong Chen, Rajiv K Pruthi, H Robert Bergen, Miguel A Cruz, Reinhard Schneppenheim, Matthew Auton

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Von Willebrand factor (VWF), an exceptionally large multimeric plasma glycoprotein, functions to initiate coagulation by agglutinating platelets in the blood stream to sites of vascular injury. This primary hemostatic function is perturbed in type 2 dysfunctional subtypes of von Willebrand disease (VWD) by mutations that alter the structure and function of the platelet GPIbα adhesive VWF A1 domains. The resulting amino acid substitutions cause local disorder and misfold the native structure of the isolated platelet GPIbα-adhesive A1 domain of VWF in both gain-of-function (type 2B) and loss-of-function (type 2M) phenotypes. These structural effects have not been explicitly observed in A1 …

A Randomized Trial Of Erythropoietin For Neuroprotection In Preterm Infants, Sandra E Juul, Bryan A Comstock, Rajan Wadhawan, Dennis E Mayock, Sherry E Courtney, Tonya Robinson, Kaashif A Ahmad, Ellen Bendel-Stenzel, Mariana Baserga, Edmund F Lagamma, L Corbin Downey, Raghavendra Rao, Nancy Fahim, Andrea Lampland, Ivan D Frantz Iii, Janine Y Khan, Michael Weiss, Maureen M Gilmore, Robin K Ohls, Nishant Srinivasan, Jorge E Perez, Victor Mckay, Phuong T Vu, Jean Lowe, Karl Kuban, T Michael O'Shea, Adam L Hartman, Patrick J Heagerty, Penut Trial Consortium

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: High-dose erythropoietin has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect in preclinical models of neonatal brain injury, and phase 2 trials have suggested possible efficacy; however, the benefits and safety of this therapy in extremely preterm infants have not been established.

METHODS: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial of high-dose erythropoietin, we assigned 941 infants who were born at 24 weeks 0 days to 27 weeks 6 days of gestation to receive erythropoietin or placebo within 24 hours after birth. Erythropoietin was administered intravenously at a dose of 1000 U per kilogram of body weight every 48 hours for …

Clinical Diagnostics And Treatment Strategies For Philadelphia Chromosome-Like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Richard C. Harvey, Sarah K. Tasian

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Philadelphia chromosome-like B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) accounts for 15% to 30% of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in older children, adolescents, and adults and is associated with high rates of conventional treatment failure and relapse. Current clinical trials are assessing the efficacy of the addition of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to chemotherapy for children and adults with Ph-like ALL harboring ABL class translocations or CRLF2 rearrangements and other JAK pathway alterations. However, real-time diagnosis of patients can be quite challenging given the genetic heterogeneity of this disease and the often cytogenetically cryptic nature of Ph-like ALL-associated alterations. In this …

Effects Of The Affordable Care Act On The Receipt Of Colonoscopies Among The Insured Elderly, Minjee Lee, M Mahmud Khan, Heather M. Brandt, Ramzi G. Salloum, Brian Chen

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) waived deductibles and eliminated coinsurance for colonoscopies for Medicare beneficiaries beginning in January 1, 2011. This study investigated the effect of the ACA's directive to remove the financial barriers on the receipt of colonoscopies among the elderly insured, who are predominantly covered by Medicare. METHODS: Data from the 2008-2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used to examine the receipt of colonoscopies in two years prior to the implementation of the ACA (2008 and 2010) and three years after the change (2012, 2014, and 2016). Multivariate logistic regressions were estimated to examine the …

Covid-19 Psychosis: A Potential New Neuropsychiatric Condition Triggered By Novel Coronavirus Infection And The Inflammatory Response?, S. J. Ferrando, L. Klepacz, S. Lynch, M. Tavakkoli, R. Dornbush, R. Baharani, Y. Smolin, A. Bartell

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Heme Metabolism Genes Downregulated In Copd Cachexia, Ava C. Wilson, Preeti L. Kumar, Sool Lee, Margaret M. Parker, Itika Arora, Jarrett D. Morrow, Emiel F.M. Wouters, Richard Casaburi, Stephen I. Rennard, David A. Lomas, Alvar Agusti, Ruth Tal-Singer, Mark T. Dransfield, J. Michael Wells, Surya P. Bhatt, George Washko, Victor J. Thannickal, Hemant K. Tiwari, Craig P. Hersh, Peter J. Castaldi, Edwin K. Silverman, Merry-Lynn N. Mcdonald

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

INTRODUCTION: Cachexia contributes to increased mortality and reduced quality of life in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and may be associated with underlying gene expression changes. Our goal was to identify differential gene expression signatures associated with COPD cachexia in current and former smokers.

METHODS: We analyzed whole-blood gene expression data from participants with COPD in a discovery cohort (COPDGene, N = 400) and assessed replication (ECLIPSE, N = 114). To approximate the consensus definition using available criteria, cachexia was defined as weight-loss > 5% in the past 12 months or low body mass index (BMI) (<  20 kg/m

RESULTS: The prevalence of …

Improving The Evaluation Of Copd Exacerbation Treatment Effects By Accounting For Early Treatment Discontinuations: A Post-Hoc Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials., Agnieszka Król, Robert Palmér, Virginie Rondeau, Stephen I. Rennard, Ulf G. Eriksson, Alexandra Jauhiainen

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) clinical trials aimed at evaluating treatment effects on exacerbations often suffer from early discontinuations of randomized treatment. Treatment discontinuations imply a loss of information and should ideally be considered in the statistical analysis of trial results, particularly if the discontinuations are related to the disease or treatment itself. Here, we explore this issue by investigating (1) whether there exists an association between the risks of exacerbation and treatment discontinuation in COPD clinical trials and (2) whether disregarding this association can cause bias in exacerbation treatment effect estimates. We focus on the hypothetical estimand, i.e. …

Structural Equation Modeling To Detect Correlates Of Childhood Vaccination: A Moderated Mediation Analysis, Abraham Degarege, Karl Krupp, Vijaya Srinivas, Boubakari Ibrahimou, Purnima Madhivanan

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

OBJECTIVES: This study used a health belief theory derived framework and structural equation model to examine moderators, mediators, and direct and indirect predictors of childhood vaccination.

METHODS: A secondary analysis was conducted using data collected from a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of 1599 parents living in urban and rural areas of Mysore district, India. Applying two-stage probability proportionate-to-size sampling, adolescent girls attending 7th through 10th grades in 23 schools were selected to take home a questionnaire to be answered by their parents to primarily assess HPV vaccine intentions. Parents were also asked whether their children had received one …

Editorial: Structure, Isotypes, Targets, And Post-Translational Modifications Of Immunoglobulins And Their Role In Infection, Inflammation And Autoimmunity, Jean Harb, Bridget S. Wilson, Sylvie Hermouet

Pathology Research and Scholarship

EDITORIAL published: 07 August 2020 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01761 Frontiers in Immunology | www.frontiersin.org 1 August 2020 | Volume 11 | Article 1761 Edited by: Deborah K. Dunn-Walters, University of Surrey, United Kingdom Reviewed by: Roberta Pelanda, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States *Correspondence: Sylvie Hermouet [email protected] Specialty section: This article was submitted to B Cell Biology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology Received: 29 May 2020 Accepted: 30 June 2020 Published: 07 August 2020 Citation: Harb J, Wilson BS and Hermouet S (2020) Editorial: Structure, Isotypes, Targets, and Post-translational Modifications of Immunoglobulins and Their Role in Infection, …

Diagnostic Performance Of Two Molecular Assays For The Detection Of Vaginitis In Symptomatic Women, Alexandra Thompson, Karen Timm, Noelle Borders, Liz Montoya, Karissa Culbreath

Pathology Research and Scholarship

The three main causes of vaginitis are bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and trichomoniasis (TV). Two multiplex assays are commercially available for detection of DNA from organisms associated with vaginitis: BD Affirm™ VPIII Microbial Identification Test (Affirm) and BD MAX™ Vaginal Panel (MAX VP). Here, the performance of MAX VP was compared to that of Affirm, which was considered the standard of care. Four vaginal swabs were collected from each subject with the following: BD Affirm™ VPIII Ambient Temperature Transport System (ATTS), BD MAX™ UVE Specimen Collection Kit, Hologic Aptima® Vaginal Swab Specimen Collection Kit, and BD ESwab™ collection …

Development And Validation Of A Model For Individualized Prediction Of Hospitalization Risk In 4,536 Patients With Covid-19, Lara Jehi, Xinge Ji, Alex Milinovich, Serpil Erzurum, Amy Merlino, Steve Gordon, James B. Young, Michael W. Kattan

All publications

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 is a pandemic that is straining healthcare resources, mainly hospital beds. Multiple risk factors of disease progression requiring hospitalization have been identified, but medical decision-making remains complex.

Objective: To characterize a large cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19, their outcomes, develop and validate a statistical model that allows individualized prediction of future hospitalization risk for a patient newly diagnosed with COVID-19.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 applying a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression algorithm to retain the most predictive features for hospitalization risk, followed by validation in a temporally …

Distinct Inflammatory Profiles Distinguish Covid-19 From Influenza With Limited Contributions From Cytokine Storm, Philip A Mudd, Jackson S Turner, Daniel Reynolds, Diane Bender, Adrianus C M Boon, Stacey L House, Kenneth E Remy, Richard S Hotchkiss, Rachel M Presti, Jane A O'Halloran, William G Powderly, Ali H Ellebedy, Et Al

Open Access Publications

We pursued a study of immune responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza patients. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class II expression on selected monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes predicted severe COVID-19 disease. In contrast to prevailing assumptions, very few (7 of 168) patients with COVID-19 exhibited cytokine profiles indicative of cytokine storm syndrome. After controlling for multiple factors including age and sample time point, patients with COVID-19 exhibited lower cytokine levels than patients with influenza. Up-regulation of IL-6, G-CSF, …

Prehospital Use Of A Modified Heart Pathway And Point-Of-Care Troponin To Predict Cardiovascular Events, Jason P. Stopyra, Louis Fornage, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02709135).

Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 Restricts The Internalization Of Bacteria Into Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through The Inhibition Of Rac1, Gerco Den Hartog, Lindsay D Butcher, Amber L Ablack, Laura A Pace, Jailal N G Ablack, Richard Xiong, Soumita Das, Thaddeus S Stappenbeck, Lars Eckmann, Peter B Ernst, Sheila E Crowe

Open Access Publications

Pathogenic intestinal bacteria lead to significant disease in humans. Here we investigated the role of the multifunctional protein, Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), in regulating the internalization of bacteria into the intestinal epithelium. Intestinal tumor-cell lines and primary human epithelial cells were infected with

Ige And T Cell Reactivity To A Comprehensive Panel Of Cockroach Allergens In Relation To Disease, Anna Pomés, Véronique Schulten, Jill Glesner, Ricardo Da Silva Antunes, Aaron Sutherland, Leonard B Bacharier, Avraham Beigelman, Paula Busse, April Frazier, Alessandro Sette

Open Access Publications

IgE sensitization to cockroach allergens is associated with development of allergic diseases, such as asthma. To understand the relevance of different cockroach allergens for diagnosis and immunotherapy, a comprehensive analysis of IgE antibody levels and T cell reactivity to an expanded set of cockroach allergens and their relationship to disease was performed in a cohort of USA cockroach sensitized patients. IgE antibody levels to recombinant chitinase and hemocyanin were measured for 23 subjects by custom-made ImmunoCAPs and compared with IgE levels to eight cockroach allergens we previously reported for the same cohort.

An Atypical Brct-Brct Interaction With The Xrcc1 Scaffold Protein Compacts Human Dna Ligase Iiiα Within A Flexible Dna Repair Complex, Michal Hammel, Ishtiaque Rashid, Aleksandr Sverzhinsky, Yasin Pourfarjam, Miaw-Sheue Tsai, Tom Ellenberger, John M. Pascal, In-Kwon Kim, John A. Tainer, Alan E. Tomkinson

Open Access Publications

The XRCC1-DNA ligase IIIα complex (XL) is critical for DNA single-strand break repair, a key target for PARP inhibitors in cancer cells deficient in homologous recombination. Here, we combined biophysical approaches to gain insights into the shape and conformational flexibility of the XL as well as XRCC1 and DNA ligase IIIα (LigIIIα) alone. Structurally-guided mutational analyses based on the crystal structure of the human BRCT-BRCT heterodimer identified the network of salt bridges that together with the N-terminal extension of the XRCC1 C-terminal BRCT domain constitute the XL molecular interface. Coupling size exclusion chromatography with small angle X-ray scattering and multiangle …

Us-County Level Variation In Intersecting Individual, Household And Community Characteristics Relevant To Covid-19 And Planning An Equitable Response: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Taylor Chin, Rebecca Kahn, Ruoran Li, Jarvis T. Chen, Nancy Krieger, Caroline O. Buckee, Satchit Balsari, Mathew V. Kiang

All publications

Objectives: To illustrate the intersections of, and intercounty variation in, individual, household and community factors that influence the impact of COVID-19 on US counties and their ability to respond.

Design: We identified key individual, household and community characteristics influencing COVID-19 risks of infection and survival, guided by international experiences and consideration of epidemiological parameters of importance. Using publicly available data, we developed an open-access online tool that allows county-specific querying and mapping of risk factors. As an illustrative example, we assess the pairwise intersections of age (individual level), poverty (household level) and prevalence of group homes (community-level) in US counties. …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Chest Computed Tomography Scans For Suspected Patients With Covid-19: Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Analysis, Lianpin Wu, Qike Jin, Jie Chen, Jiawei He, David Brett-Major, Jianghu James Dong

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) scans are increasingly available in clinical care globally. They enable a rapid and detailed assessment of tissue and organ involvement in disease processes that are relevant to diagnosis and management, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to identify differences in the CT scan findings of patients who were COVID-19 positive (confirmed via nucleic acid testing) to patients who were confirmed COVID-19 negative.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was proposed to compare patient clinical characteristics and CT scan findings in suspected COVID-19 cases. A multivariable logistic model with …

Defining Current Gaps In Quality Measures For Cancer Immunotherapy: Consensus Report From The Society For Immunotherapy Of Cancer (Sitc) 2019 Quality Summit, Sara Pai, David Blaisdell, Rachel Brodie, Robert G. Carlson, Heidi Finnes, Michele Galioto, Roxanne E. Jensen, Tom Valuck, Antonia R. Sepulveda, Howard L. Kaufman

Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background Quality measures are important because they can help improve and standardize the delivery of cancer care among healthcare providers and across tumor types. In an environment characterized by a rapidly shifting immunotherapeutic landscape and lack of associated long-term outcome data, defining quality measures for cancer immunotherapy is a high priority yet fraught with many challenges. Methods Thus, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer convened a multistakeholder expert panel to, first, identify the current gaps in measures of quality cancer care delivery as it relates to immunotherapy and to, second, advance priority concepts surrounding quality measures that could be developed …

Online Availability Of Fish Antibiotics And Documented Intent For Self-Medication, Weiwei Zhang, Austin Williams, Nicole Griffith, Jessica Gaskins, P Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

Self-medication and antibiotic utilization without healthcare oversight may lead to delayed appropriate treatment, transmission of communicable infections, untoward adverse events, and contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Previous data suggest people obtain over-the-counter (OTC) animal antibiotics for their personal use. This study examined the availability of OTC fish antibiotics online and the documented intent for self-medication. The authors conducted a web-based cross-sectional study using Google search engine to identify vendor websites selling fish antibiotics in the United States. Vendor websites were included if product information, consumer reviews, and comments were publicly available. Nine fish antibiotics were chosen due to their possibility of …

Mapping Language Function With Task-Based Vs. Resting-State Functional Mri, Ki Yun Park, John J. Lee, Donna Dierker, Laura M. Marple, Carl D. Hacker, Jarod L. Roland, Daniel S. Marcus, Mikhail Milchenko, Michelle M. Miller-Thomas, Tammie L. Benzinger, Joshua S. Shimony, Abraham Z. Snyder, Eric C. Leuthardt

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Use of functional MRI (fMRI) in pre-surgical planning is a non-invasive method for pre-operative functional mapping for patients with brain tumors, especially tumors located near eloquent cortex. Currently, this practice predominantly involves task-based fMRI (T-fMRI). Resting state fMRI (RS-fMRI) offers an alternative with several methodological advantages. Here, we compare group-level analyses of RS-fMRI vs. T-fMRI as methods for language localization.

PURPOSE: To contrast RS-fMRI vs. T-fMRI as techniques for localization of language function.

METHODS: We analyzed data obtained in 35 patients who had both T-fMRI and RS-fMRI scans during the course of pre-surgical evaluation. The RS-fMRI data were analyzed …

The Impact Of A Wireless Audio System On Communication In Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery: A Prospective Controlled Trial, Ziv Tsafrir, Kirsten Janosek-Albright, Joelle Aoun, Mireya Diaz-Insua, Abd-El-Rahman Abd-El-Barr, Lauren Schiff, Shobhana Talukdar, Mani Menon, Adnan R. Munkarah, Evan Theoharis, David Eisenstein

Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health Services Articles

BACKGROUND: Robotic surgery presents a challenge to effective teamwork and communication in the operating theatre (OR). Our objective was to evaluate the effect of using a wireless audio headset device on communication, efficiency and patient outcome in robotic surgery.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: A prospective controlled trial of team members participating in gynecologic and urologic robotic procedures between January and March 2015. In the first phase, all surgeries were performed without headsets (control), followed by the intervention phase where all team members used the wireless headsets. Noise levels were measured during both phases. After each case, all team members evaluated the …

Predictors Of Ceasing Or Reducing Statin Medication Following A Large Increase In The Consumer Copayment For Medications: A Retrospective Observational Study, Karla Seamon, Frank Sanfilippo, Max Bulsara, Libby Roughead, Anna Kemp-Casey, Caroline Bulsara, Gerald F. Watts, David Preen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVES:

Previous Australian research has shown that following the 21% increase in patient copayments for medications on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) in 2005, the use of lipid-lowering therapy declined by 5%. This study aimed to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals who continued, reduced or ceased their use of statin medication in 2005.

STUDY TYPE:

Retrospective observational study using routinely collected administrative data.

METHOD:

We used pharmaceutical claims, hospital separations and mortality records from 2000 to 2005 for the Western Australian population. The cohort comprised stable users of statin medication in 2004. Based on changes in statin …

The Relationship Between Chronic Health Conditions And Cognitive Deficits In Children, Adolescents, And Young Adults With Down Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Kellen C Gandy, Heidi A Castillo, Lara Ouellette, Jonathan Castillo, Philip J Lupo, Lisa M Jacola, Karen R Rabin, Kimberly P Raghubar, Maria M Gramatges

Library Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Individuals with Down syndrome are predisposed to a number of chronic health conditions, but the relationship between these conditions and cognitive ability is not clear. The primary objective of this systematic review is to assess this relationship by evaluating studies that measure cognitive performance in the context of Down syndrome-associated chronic health conditions.

METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies included in this review (1) included children, adolescent, and young adult participants with Down syndrome and one or more co-occurring health conditions; (2) were quantitative; …