Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Education (3069)
- Higher Education (2029)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (1082)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (453)
- Higher Education Administration (340)
-
- Curriculum and Instruction (295)
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (293)
- Educational Leadership (266)
- Arts and Humanities (264)
- Sociology (264)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (251)
- Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (213)
- Business (199)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (185)
- Psychology (178)
- Higher Education and Teaching (170)
- International and Comparative Education (155)
- Library and Information Science (152)
- Educational Methods (146)
- Communication (129)
- Leadership Studies (125)
- Educational Psychology (122)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (97)
- Law (96)
- Online and Distance Education (95)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (85)
- Educational Technology (84)
- Other Education (84)
- Student Counseling and Personnel Services (81)
- Adult and Continuing Education (80)
- Institution
-
- University of the Pacific (1333)
- Nova Southeastern University (532)
- Bryant University (192)
- Liberty University (128)
- University of Connecticut (123)
-
- East Tennessee State University (121)
- University of Montana (116)
- Walden University (87)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (84)
- Molloy University (81)
- Technological University Dublin (78)
- University of San Diego (76)
- University of Nebraska at Omaha (74)
- Edith Cowan University (72)
- West Virginia University (64)
- Bridgewater State University (63)
- University of South Florida (58)
- Arkansas State University (56)
- University of Texas at Arlington (52)
- Georgia Southern University (49)
- University of Central Florida (48)
- Brigham Young University (46)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (45)
- Minnesota State University, Mankato (42)
- Singapore Management University (41)
- University of Rhode Island (40)
- Clark University (39)
- Old Dominion University (39)
- Southwestern Oklahoma State University (39)
- Louisiana State University (38)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- All Issues - Student Newspaper, The Pacifican, Pacific Weekly (1039)
- Pacific Magazine and Pacific Review (245)
- Theses and Dissertations (138)
- Dissertations (123)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (116)
-
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (115)
- Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education (115)
- University of Montana Course Catalogs, 1895-2024 (110)
- Archway (1946-2020) (105)
- The Update (86)
- Graduate Council Agendas and Minutes (68)
- NSU Commencement Programs (63)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD) (61)
- Higher Education (56)
- Alumni Network Newsletter (54)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (44)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (40)
- Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive (39)
- Abraham S. Fischler College of Education ETD Archive (36)
- Faculty Publications (36)
- Bryant University Commencements (33)
- Research outputs 2022 to 2026 (33)
- Yearbooks (32)
- Annual Reports of the President (31)
- Antioch University Dissertations & Theses (31)
- Association for Communication Administration Bulletin (30)
- Higher Learning Research Communications (30)
- UTA Graduate Catalogs (29)
- Factbook (28)
- Publications and Research (28)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 871 - 900 of 5665
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Institutional Rhetoric And Campus Reactions: A Multi-Method Case Study Exploring University Communication And Social Responsibility In A Racial Crisis, Rockia K. Harris
Institutional Rhetoric And Campus Reactions: A Multi-Method Case Study Exploring University Communication And Social Responsibility In A Racial Crisis, Rockia K. Harris
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This case study explores how an institution in the southeastern conference (SEC) responded to racial reckonings before and after the 2020 murder of George Floyd, how students came to perceive the institution's responses and commitment to diversity and inclusion. To understand this phenomenon beyond apologia and image repair theory, the discourse of renewal theoretical framework and university social responsibility guides this dissertation. This work fills a gap in the literature on crisis communication in response to racism in higher education spaces. Using critical discourse analysis and an open-ended survey, this dissertation further explores the idea of social responsibility of institutions …
Integrating Behavioral Research Findings With A Liberal Arts Paradigm, Jonathan Peterson
Integrating Behavioral Research Findings With A Liberal Arts Paradigm, Jonathan Peterson
LSU Master's Theses
This paper explores the role of behavioral research in understanding the complexity and relevance of creativity. A brief history of the liberal arts and its current application is followed by a discussion of the importance of variability in generating novel and diverse responses, challenging the notion that creativity is solely a product of innate talent. The effects of reinforcement on variability, and how it relates to a complex relationship between reinforcement and the probability of variable responding leads to a discussion of how the combination of previously trained behaviors can lead to creative problem-solving, emphasizing the role of combinatory behavior …
Using Active Student Responding And Competition Via Kahoot! To Improve Student Academic Engagement At College Level, Brittany Pearson
Using Active Student Responding And Competition Via Kahoot! To Improve Student Academic Engagement At College Level, Brittany Pearson
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Active student responding (ASR) is an effective intervention used in schools to improve student engagement and academic performance. Among the various ASR modalities, online applications have received much more attention than low-tech ASR modalities due to the widespread use of smartphones and the availability of mobile applications. One totable online application is Kahoot!, which offers a range of interactive features. Considering the limited existing research on using ASR at the college level, particularly, using Kahoot!, this study examined the use of Kahoot! to improve academic engagement in college students. The study was conducted with one undergraduate class in applied behavior …
Office Of Equity And Inclusion Newsletter - July 2023, Office Of Equity And Inclusion, East Tennessee State University
Office Of Equity And Inclusion Newsletter - July 2023, Office Of Equity And Inclusion, East Tennessee State University
Office of Equity and Inclusion Newsletters
No abstract provided.
A Phenomenological Study That Examines The Perseverance Of Young Single Mothers Who Have Earned A College Degree, Christine Marie Kirkpatrick
A Phenomenological Study That Examines The Perseverance Of Young Single Mothers Who Have Earned A College Degree, Christine Marie Kirkpatrick
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study is to understand perseverance in young single mothers who have earned a college degree. The theory guiding this study is Duckworth’s theory of grit since many students who complete undergraduate degrees experience barriers related to the components of grit. Participants for this study were single mothers who have completed a college degree from an institution of higher learning in central Pennsylvania by the age of thirty. Data for the study were collected utilizing one-on-one interviews, personal timelines, and focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using Moustakas’ data analysis processes, including horizonalization, reduction, and …
The Lived Experiences Of Student-Parents In Higher Education Who Utilize The Childcare Program At Eastern Community College: A Phenomenological Study, Kindra Lawanda Moore-Smith
The Lived Experiences Of Student-Parents In Higher Education Who Utilize The Childcare Program At Eastern Community College: A Phenomenological Study, Kindra Lawanda Moore-Smith
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the experiences of student-parents who use the Parents for Higher Education program at Eastern Community College. The theory that guided this study was McClusky’s theory of margin, which addresses the support and services adults need to accomplish their goals in life. This framework provided a connection that explained the importance of childcare subsidies and the needs met while attending classes for community college students—the transcendental phenomenology approach used. The setting for this study was the virtual platform Zoom. The study was conducted using 10 participants, all student-parents who participated in the …
The Role Of Faculty In Durable Skills Development In Higher Education, James Hutson, Mark Valenzuela, Shannon Wright, Elizabeth Melick
The Role Of Faculty In Durable Skills Development In Higher Education, James Hutson, Mark Valenzuela, Shannon Wright, Elizabeth Melick
Faculty Scholarship
Although Emsi and other market researchers have found that employers desire durable skills (formerly known as “soft skills”) in new hires, there have been few studies dedicated to identifying how faculty perceptions of skill development differ in degree and by area, and how that might impact how such skills are embedded in classroom instruction. This study proposes to investigate the perceptions of faculty from different academic backgrounds and how their disciplines and experiences may contribute to their perceived role in curricular, cocurricular or extracurricular offerings that support durable skill development. Results from the study demonstrate the differing perspectives and expectations …
Generative Artificial Intelligence: University Student Awareness, Experience, And Confidence In Use Across Disciplines, Andrew Kelly, Miriam Sullivan, Katrina Strampel
Generative Artificial Intelligence: University Student Awareness, Experience, And Confidence In Use Across Disciplines, Andrew Kelly, Miriam Sullivan, Katrina Strampel
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
The global higher education sector has been significantly disrupted by the proliferation of generative artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT, especially in relation to its implications for assessment. However, few studies to date have explored student perspectives on these tools. This article reports on one of the first large-scale quantitative studies of student views on generative artificial intelligence at an Australian university (n = 1,135). When the survey was conducted, most students had low knowledge, experience, and confidence in using these tools. These results varied across disciplines and across some student sub-groups, such as mature-age students and international students. Confidence …
Business Schools Should Be Schools Of Management: An Evolutionary Perspective, Kai Peters, Howard Thomas
Business Schools Should Be Schools Of Management: An Evolutionary Perspective, Kai Peters, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This chapter looks at the original driving forces which led to the creation of institutions, particularly in the US, including the vision of their founders which would support our perspective in favour of schools of management. It looks at the years following the Second World War and how the Ford and Carnegie ‘Foundation Reports’ as well as the Cold War led to further evolution away from a school of management to a business school mission. The chapter looks at the period roughly from 1970 to 2000 during which US business school funding, which had been largely provided by the foundations, …
The Hero Within: Developing The Psychological Capital Of First-Generation Students, Mary Elizabeth Sewell
The Hero Within: Developing The Psychological Capital Of First-Generation Students, Mary Elizabeth Sewell
Theses and Dissertations
Psychological capital (PsyCap) is a higher-order construct comprised of four psychological resources: hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO), and has been linked to academic achievement and engagement (Hazan Liran & Miller, 2019; Luthans, et al., 2012). Interventions designed to build PsyCap may be particularly helpful for firstgeneration (FG) students who face additional challenges in higher education. This study aimed to: (1) explore differences in PsyCap among FG and continuing generation (CG) students; (2) investigate relationships between PsyCap, GPA, and persistence; and (3) examine the impact of a 2-hour PsyCap micro-intervention (PCI) on FG students’ academic PsyCap, academic achievement (GPA), and …
Sharksrx Newsletter Summer 2023, Nova Southeastern University
Sharksrx Newsletter Summer 2023, Nova Southeastern University
NSU Sharks Rx
No abstract provided.
Predictors Of Sexual Victimization Among Autistic And Non-Autistic College Students, Natalie Libster, Connie Kasari, Alexandra Sturm
Predictors Of Sexual Victimization Among Autistic And Non-Autistic College Students, Natalie Libster, Connie Kasari, Alexandra Sturm
Psychological Science Faculty Works
Purpose. This study examined predictors of sexual victimization among autistic and non-autistic college students. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether autistic students are more likely than non-autistic students to experience unwanted sexual contact and sexual assault, controlling for co-occurring diagnoses. We also aimed to determine whether students with other disabilities, specifically ADHD, learning disability (LD), and psychological disorders, are more likely than students without these disabilities to experience unwanted sexual contact and sexual assault. Methods. Autistic students (n=270) and non-autistic students (n=270) who had participated in a nationwide survey were matched on demographic characteristics and co-occurring diagnoses. Logistic regression analyses …
Considering Time: Practical Applications For Supporting Students With Disabilities In Hispanic Serving Institutions, Eric J. Lopez, Gavin W. Watts, Mariya T. Davis
Considering Time: Practical Applications For Supporting Students With Disabilities In Hispanic Serving Institutions, Eric J. Lopez, Gavin W. Watts, Mariya T. Davis
Special Education Faculty Publications (Archived)
Time is a concept often spoken and written about, but rarely identified as an asset for individuals with disabilities, particularly in Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSI). The following discusses how systems and processes are impacted by time. The article further focuses on practical applications associated with time in supporting students with disabilities transitioning and acculturating to HSIs.
2023 June 26 - Graduate Council Minutes, College Of Graduate And Continuing Studies, East Tennessee State University
2023 June 26 - Graduate Council Minutes, College Of Graduate And Continuing Studies, East Tennessee State University
Graduate Council Agendas and Minutes
No abstract provided.
Racial Differences And Lived Experiences: Civil Rights Experiences And A Private, Religious, Predominantly White Institution, Anthony Brandon Bates
Racial Differences And Lived Experiences: Civil Rights Experiences And A Private, Religious, Predominantly White Institution, Anthony Brandon Bates
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: This article explores the expressed thoughts and feelings of 24 research participants who processed and articulated their lived experiences. They each attended the same private, religious, historically, and predominantly White institution and participated in a three-credit course that covered the history of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and '60s, which culminated in an experience in Georgia and Alabama (Civil Rights experience). Methods: In this phenomenological study, the research participants all participated in a semi-structured interview with the same bank of questions. The questions were designed to examine their lived experiences, within the context of participating in the …
Accessibility Of Blended Learning For Special Needs Students In Higher Education, Reem Yaseen Al-Sulaimani
Accessibility Of Blended Learning For Special Needs Students In Higher Education, Reem Yaseen Al-Sulaimani
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigated the experiences of visually impaired students and their faculty members with blended learning at University X. Qualitative research methods were employed to gather data through interviews with six visually impaired students and six professors. The study analyzed the data using two frameworks, Universal Design of Learning (UDL) and Community of Inquiry (CoI). The findings indicate that the course design, personalization of accessibility, social inclusion and classroom dynamics, university support and resources, and technology accessibility and digital literacy have an impact on the experiences of visually impaired students and their professors. The study provides recommendations for improving the …
Analysis Of The United Nations Principles Of Responsible Management Education Initiative In The Middle East And North Africa Region, Yussra Jamjoom
Analysis Of The United Nations Principles Of Responsible Management Education Initiative In The Middle East And North Africa Region, Yussra Jamjoom
Information Sciences Letters
The United Nations’ Principles of Responsible Management Education (PRME) initiative for business and management schools has recently gained popularity among academics and professionals. This study runs linear correlation regressions to investigate the association between the number of signatory universities within the Middle East and North Africa region and several potential explanatory indicators. The number of universities signing up for the PRME initiative within each country was found to be strongly associated with the country’s standing in global innovation, business sophistication, human capital, and research and development. In contrast, gross domestic product per capita, the existing level of achievement in Sustainable …
Researching Elite Interviewing In Higher Education In Postcolonial Bangladesh, Ariful H. Kabir
Researching Elite Interviewing In Higher Education In Postcolonial Bangladesh, Ariful H. Kabir
The Qualitative Report
The concept of “elite interviewing” is a recent phenomenon in educational research and has been studied widely in the Western context. Drawing on my own experience, this article traces the challenges and difficulties involved in “elite interviewing” in higher education in post-colonial Bangladesh. It is based on a critical methodological perspective, using a thematic analysis of interviews with 28 higher education policy-making elites working between the 1990s and 2010s at the state level in Bangladesh. This article examines how the local power structure within the current socio-political context emerged from a long colonial past, and how this in turn influenced …
Teachers’ Perspectives In Higher Education On Using Educational Technology During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Observations For Ghana, India, And Serbia, Nikola Koruga, Rohit Nainwal, Angela Kyerewaa Ayisi-Addo
Teachers’ Perspectives In Higher Education On Using Educational Technology During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Observations For Ghana, India, And Serbia, Nikola Koruga, Rohit Nainwal, Angela Kyerewaa Ayisi-Addo
Higher Learning Research Communications
Objective: The purpose of this research was to understand the significant changes and challenges regarding teaching experiences during the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis in three universities, one each in Africa, Asia, and Europe. The study provides information on how teachers adapted to online teaching under COVID-19 conditions.
Methods: We employed a descriptive phenomenology approach and used an online survey with open-ended questions to collect the data. Braun and Clarke’s six steps of thematic analysis based on the traditions of descriptive phenomenology were employed to analyze the data.
Results: The teachers’ adaptive mechanisms to the COVID-19 crisis could be described through the …
Service Learning In The Digital Age: Understanding Nontraditional Students And Their Experiential Journey Through Electronic-Service Learning, Qianhui Hub
College of Education Theses and Dissertations
Service learning (SL) is an experiential learning pedagogy that merges real-life community service activities with structured reflection. Electronic-Service Learning (e-SL) is a blended pedagogy that combines online education and SL. The pandemic has significantly prompted the evolution of SL toward e-SL. In planning pedagogy initiatives, educators must not overlook the changing demographics of their student bodies. Within higher education in the U.S., 75% of students have at least one nontraditional student characteristic. Yet, the perceptions and experiences of nontraditional students on e-SL are critically underexplored. Thus, this dissertation examined the potential and value of developing e-SL with particular attention to …
Developing Strategies To Implement The D.W.S. Program Of Liberty University In South Korea, Taeseong Kim
Developing Strategies To Implement The D.W.S. Program Of Liberty University In South Korea, Taeseong Kim
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This study suggests practical strategies to implement the Doctor of Worship Studies program of Liberty University in South Korea. In the past several decades, Christian worship in South Korea has followed America’s footsteps of worship transition. As many Christian leaders in the U.S. have agreed on the urgency of worship renewal, so have Christian leaders in South Korea. True worship must be relational with the Triune God, which is the core of Christian worship. When worship lacks a rightful relationship with God, it becomes human-centered and ritualistic. Worship renewal must flow from the worship leaders to laypeople, and it is …
Student Expectations From Faculty Based On Their Enneagram, Kate Clinton Ndikumagenge
Student Expectations From Faculty Based On Their Enneagram, Kate Clinton Ndikumagenge
Masters Theses
In this study, the researcher uses the Enneagram to examine whether students’ expectations of faculty change during a crisis. This mixed methods study used surveys to collect data from full-time students from higher education institutions. The data was collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the COVID-19 pandemic was used to predict students’ expectations of faculty during any crisis. The overall goal of this study is to understand whether students’ personality types affect how they expect faculty to act during a crisis and whether their expectations were met during a crisis. The results indicate that students’ Enneagram types affect their perception …
Mental Health Needs And Services Utilization Among Undergraduate And Graduate Students In Texas During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Alice P. Villatoro, Vanessa L. Errisuriz, Melissa J. Dupont-Reyes
Mental Health Needs And Services Utilization Among Undergraduate And Graduate Students In Texas During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Alice P. Villatoro, Vanessa L. Errisuriz, Melissa J. Dupont-Reyes
Public Health
COVID-19 created a global crisis, exacerbating disparities in social determinants of health (SDOH) and mental health (MH). Research on pandemic-related MH and help-seeking is scarce, especially among high-risk populations such as college/university students. We examined self-rated MH and psychological distress, the perceived need for MH services/support, and the use of MH services across the SDOH among college/university students during the start of the pandemic. Data from the COVID-19 Texas College Student Experiences Survey (n = 746) include full- and part-time undergraduate/graduate students. Regressions examined self-rated MH, psychological distress, perceived need, and service use across SDOH, controlling for pre-pandemic MH, age, …
Student Perceptions Of Gender Studies As An Academic Discipline In Pakistan, Rabbia Aslam, Saad Ali Khan
Student Perceptions Of Gender Studies As An Academic Discipline In Pakistan, Rabbia Aslam, Saad Ali Khan
Journal of International Women's Studies
The article aimed to highlight the varied perceptions of students studying Gender Studies as an academic discipline at Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU), Pakistan. The research objective of this article was to document the students’ experiences, perceptions, misconceptions, and anxieties regarding Gender Studies. This research is the result of a continuous journey in this field where we have actively engaged and interacted with students studying in various semesters. The research was qualitative in nature and in-depth interview guidelines were employed to conduct interviews with the students of the Center of Excellence in Gender Studies (CEGS) at QAU, Islamabad. The sample size consisted …
Minoritized Graduate Students’ Recommendations To Communication Sciences And Disorders Programs To Improve Inclusion Of Minoritized Students, Teresa M. Roberts
Minoritized Graduate Students’ Recommendations To Communication Sciences And Disorders Programs To Improve Inclusion Of Minoritized Students, Teresa M. Roberts
Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders
Minoritized students in Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) programs have unique insights into inclusion and diversity initiatives based on their lived experiences. In this study, the researcher examined and analyzed recommendations that minorized CSD graduate students provided to programs to increase inclusion. The researcher identified themes within the recommendations using discourse analysis to analyze how students positioned themselves and faculty in relationship to diversity and inclusion. A total of 104 minoritized CSD graduate students across 28 states completed a survey that included demographic information and a writing prompt for recommendations to programs. The study found that students valued broad and …
The Everydayness Of Instructional Design And The Pursuit Of Quality In Online Courses, Jason K. Mcdonald
The Everydayness Of Instructional Design And The Pursuit Of Quality In Online Courses, Jason K. Mcdonald
Faculty Publications
This article reports research into the everydayness of instructional design (meaning designers’ daily routines, run-of-the-mill interactions with colleagues, and other, prosaic forms of social contact), and how everydayness relates to their pursuit of quality in online course design. These issues were investigated through an ethnographic case study, centered on a team of instructional designers at a university in the United States. Designers were observed spending significant amounts of time engaged in practices of course refinement, meaning mundane, workaday tasks like revising, updating, fine-tuning, or fixing the courses to which they were assigned. Refining practices were interrelated with, but also experienced …
Perspectives On The Impact, Mission And Purpose Of The Business School, Eric Cornuel, Howard Thomas, Matthew Wood
Perspectives On The Impact, Mission And Purpose Of The Business School, Eric Cornuel, Howard Thomas, Matthew Wood
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This book explores the impact and purpose of the business school, and addresses some of the most important questions facing management education today. The diverse perspectives brought together by the EFMD in this volume examine a number of common questions, themes and challenges. These include: whether business schools should be viewed as schools of management, given the complexity of the business environment; what is the positive impact of business school research, and the balance of relevant, practical impact and academic rigour; the strategic evolution of business schools and how they may evolve in a more purposeful direction; and why business …
Two Identities Two Impostors One Student, Randy Valdez
Two Identities Two Impostors One Student, Randy Valdez
Critical and Creative Thinking Capstones Collection
Imposter Syndrome is a well-known psychological phenomenon characterized by a persistent feeling of inadequacy despite evidence of competence and success. While current research has identified five types of Impostor Syndrome, This synthesis offers the existence of an additional impostor type. This study aims to investigate the existence of "Impostor Two-Two-One” (ITTO), where college students coming from underrepresented backgrounds develop multiple social identities in which each social identity carries different fears of being exposed as a fraud or impostor. Data was collected in the form of structured interviews with students who identify as a combination of first-generation, low-income, and students of …
Hrtm 483 Hospitality Finance A Peer Review Of Teaching And Learning Benchmark Portfolio, Vernetta Kosalka
Hrtm 483 Hospitality Finance A Peer Review Of Teaching And Learning Benchmark Portfolio, Vernetta Kosalka
UNL Faculty Course Portfolios
The objective of this peer review course portfolio is to provide a comprehensive overview of the course, HRTM 483, Hospitality Finance Management (HFM), including the current scope of the course regarding curriculum and to purposefully explain and assess the undertakings that are intended to enhance student learning and performance. The first objective was to explain hospitality managerial accounting concepts to students and how they apply to specific operations with the hospitality industry. The second objective was to assist students with being able to synthesize the material, solve problems, and think effectively as a hospitality professional. The third objective was to …
What's Your Currency And How Do You Use It? Exploring The Ways Staff On Campus Use Non-Monetary Forms Of Payment: A Grounded Theory Study Of Nonmaterial Culture, Olivia Rosalind Dodson
What's Your Currency And How Do You Use It? Exploring The Ways Staff On Campus Use Non-Monetary Forms Of Payment: A Grounded Theory Study Of Nonmaterial Culture, Olivia Rosalind Dodson
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this grounded theory study was to create a model that illustrates different types of personal currency among staff at Freedom One University (a pseudonym) and how that currency is being used, by exploring motives for this behavior and gathering information on awareness of this behavior. A constructivist grounded theory approach was utilized as it allows for the analysis of data to construct what is needed from the next set of gathered data (Cooney, 2011). Through grounded theory, a reason for an event, or possibly the cause for an event will become clear, which a theory will explain …