Digital Commons Network^™

Gender Differences In Career Satisfaction Among Postsecondary Faculty In Stem Disciplines, Cynthia L. Martin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

While years of effort to attract more women into higher education careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (collectively known as STEM disciplines) has shown some success, retaining women faculty once they are hired has been much less successful. Their retention is essential in order to maintain diversity among faculty. Understanding the complex factors affecting faculty career satisfaction and, ultimately, their retention at a particular institution and in higher education is needed to guide policies and practices as academic instituions strive to retain highly qualified professors and maintain diversity at all ranks. This study explored salient factors related to faculty …

Brazen (Spring 2011), Hollins University

Brazen - Gender & Women's Studies Department Newsletters

No abstract provided.

A Qualitative Study To Explore The Low Number Of Women In Information Technology In The United States, William Baker

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

The number of women in Information Technology in the United States has historically been lower than the number of men in the field. This study explores the reasons behind this disparity and recommends steps that can be taken to increase the number of women in the field. This qualitative study examines why women are not attracted to the Information Technology field and examines reasons why women leave the field. Surveys were conducted with two populations, (1) women who currently work in Information Technology and (2) Information Technology recruiters. The results of these surveys were analyzed to see if there were …

Gender Inequalities In The Training Of Teachers At Tai Solarin University Of Education In Ogun State Of Nigeria, K.O. Odunaike, M.B. Amoda, A. Arigbabu

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

The presence of women in leadership roles at the secondary school level and above contributes to sensitivity within schools for the well-being of adolescent girls and provides girls beginning to consider career choices with role models of women decision-makers and leaders. It is also imperative that women be actively involved in leading educational change given the vital role that the educational system of a country plays in both national development and the development of a gender equal society for women to be active participants in the change and development process. They must be equipped and be provided with necessary skills …

Dynamism Of Fashion Among Female Undergraduates And Its Effects In The Sight Of Beholders In A University Of Education, Nigeria.

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

Many definitions have been resorted to by synthesis of literature in trying to arrive at the word fashion. Jeanette and others define fashion as ‘a continuous process of change in style of dress that is acceptable and followed by large segment of the public at any particular time’, Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary, defines fashion as ‘the prevailing style during a particular time’. Paul Nystran, an economics Professor who was the first to apply economics to fashion, defined fashion as ‘Nothing more or less than the prevailing style at any given time’.

Effects Of Gender And Parenting Styles On The Acquisition Of Democratic Values By Nigerian Youths In Secondary Schools, Alade Abiodun

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

It is obvious that every level of education is expected to empower learners with adequate knowledge, attitude and skills relevant to build the society. This informed policy makers to formulate educational goals and values that can mould individuals towards such empowerment for effective life in the pluralistic society. Thus, education as an instrument per excellence for national development identified by the National Policy on Education (2004, revised) fosters the building of: (i) A free and democratic society; (ii) A just and egalitarian society; (iii) A united, strong and self-reliant nation; (iv) A great and dynamic economy and (v) A land …

Work, Caregiving, And Masculinities, Ann C. Mcginley

Scholarly Works

In her book Reshaping the Work-Family Debate, Joan Williams demonstrates the vulnerability of parent workers in working class America. In Chapter 2, "One Sick Child Away from Being Fired," she examines the records of ninety-nine union arbitrations to analyze the problems of working class parents who struggle to juggle their working and parenting responsibilities. Because this chapter is a tour de force in an overall excellent book, and because it suggests an area that Professor McGinley's research has focused on over the past number of years, in this Essay, Professor McGinley limits her discussion almost exclusively to this chapter. …

Voices Raised, Issue 32, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: Many hands make light work; MS Fight Takes Many Paths; Student Voices Heard on Critical Issue; Sweats to Suits: Bridging the Gap from Campus to Career; Going Pro in Puerto Rico; Introducing UD's Youngest Feminists; Getting “Juiced” the healthy way; Am I too young/old for that?; UD Women’s Athletics: Abundant Success; Read carefully…there might be a test.

The Link Between Gender And Depression In Young Adults Providing Care For Older Family Members, Mark C. Gillen, Catherine Roland

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This study focused on the level of depression in young adult caregivers (age 18-40) relative to gender, employment, health and relationships. Previous research found significant relationship between gender and depression. In this study, gender was found to be a contributing factor in depression among young adult caregivers; however, not a significant factor. This information may lead to broader ways of thinking about caregiving by counselors and individuals working with older adults.

Intersex And Imago: Sex, Gender, And Sexuality In Postmodern Theological Anthropology, Megan K. Defranza

Dissertations (1934 -)

Christian theologians regularly assume a binary model of human sex differentiation based on the creation narratives found in Genesis. Recent work in theological anthropology has grounded theological concepts such as the social view of the image of God, human personhood, and human relationality on the creation of humans as male and female in heterosexual marital relation. While these anthropologies have merit--particularly in correcting older versions of the imago Dei which privileged the male-- they are inadequate for addressing the phenomena of intersex.

Intersex is a broad term used for persons whose bodies display some physical characteristics of both sexes--historically labeled …

Protective Behavioral Strategies Mediate The Effect Of Drinking Motives On Alcohol Use Among Heavy Drinking College Students: Gender And Race Differences, Joseph W. Labrie, Andrew Lac, Shannon R. Kenney, Tehniat Mirza

Heads Up!

Objective

This study examined the extent to which protective behavioral strategies (PBS) mediated the influence of drinking motives on alcohol consumption, and if these hypothesized relationships were corroborated across subsamples of gender and race.

Method

Online surveys were completed by 1592 heavy drinking college undergraduates from two universities (49.9% male and 50.1% female; 76.9% Caucasian and 23.1% Asian). Independent samples t-tests compared males and females as well as Caucasians and Asians on measures of drinking motives, PBS use, and alcohol consumption, and structural equation models examined the mediating role of PBS.

Results

Consistent with predictions, t-tests revealed that males reported …

Talking Masturbation: Men, Women, And Sexuality Through Playful Discourse, Geoffrey Evans-Grimm

Honors Projects

This study seeks to understand the relationship between talking about masturbation and masturbation as an everyday practice in the United States. This essay is arranged in terms of a number of overlapping sections that converge to offer a clearer interpretive context for a discussion of the results of the questionnaire and interview data. The first part of my essay is an attempt to make sense of the cultural history and to situate conceptions about masturbation and attempts to regulate it up to present day. Then, as a gendered talk, it is necessary to engage in a theoretical discussion of gender …

Voices Raised, Issue 31, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: Our History is Our Strength; National Girls & Women in Sports Day; UD team to be inducted into Ohio Basketball Hall of Fame; Miryam Award Winner; Why Do We Diet?; Ritual of the Bee Priestess; Building Communities of Women.

Law, History, And Feminism, Tracy A. Thomas

Akron Law Faculty Publications

This is the introduction to the book, Feminist Legal History. This edited collection offers new visions of American legal history that reveal women’s engagement with the law over the past two centuries. It integrates the stories of women into the dominant history of the law in what has been called “engendering legal history,” (Batlan 2005) and then seeks to reconstruct the assumed contours of history. The introduction provides the context necessary to appreciate the diverse essays in the book. It starts with an overview of the existing state of women’s legal history, tracing the core events over the past two …

Self-Esteem And Mastery Trajectories In High School By Social Class And Gender, Christina D. Falci

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Using longitudinal data from 769 white adolescents in the Midwest, this research applies a social structure and personality perspective to examine variation in self-esteem and mastery trajectories by gender and SES across the high school years. Analyses reveal that high SES adolescents experience significantly steeper gains in self-esteem and mastery compared to low SES adolescents, resulting in the reversal of SES differences in self-esteem and the emergence of significant SES differences in mastery. Pre-existing gender differences in self-esteem narrow between the 9^th and 12^th grade because self-esteem increases at a faster rate among girls than boys during high …

Female Leaders: Injurious Or Inspiring Role Models For Women?, Crystal L. Hoyt, Stefanie Simon

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

The impact of female role models on women’s leadership aspirations and self-perceptions after a leadership task were assessed across two laboratory studies. These studies tested the prediction that upward social comparisons to high-level female leaders will have a relatively detrimental impact on women’s self-perceptions and leadership aspirations compared to male and less elite female leaders. In Study 1 (N = 60), women were presented with both female and male leaders before serving as leaders of ostensible three-person groups in an immersive virtual environment. This study established the relatively deflating impact of high-level female leaders, compared to high-level male leaders and …

Palestinian Women’S Everyday Resistance: Between Normality And Normalisation, Sophie Richter-Devroe

Journal of International Women's Studies

The paper traces Palestinian women’s understandings, practices and framings of everyday resistance. Women’s resistance acts consist of both materially-based survival strategies and various coping strategies at the ideational level. Focusing on the latter, this study investigates women’s practices of travelling to create (a sense of) normal joyful life for themselves, their families, friends and community with the aim of shedding light upon the complex and mutually constitutive interplay between women’s agency and the various social and political power structures. It is argued that Palestinian women, although framing their acts of crossing Israeli-imposed physical restriction as acts of resistance against the …

Gender Related Differences In Stress And Health Outcomes In College Age Students, Michael Cedeno, Jennifer Blevins-Mcnaughton

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background and Purpose: Rates of obesity and metabolic disorders in young adults are becoming more prevalent in today’s society. To date, only a few investigators have compared the effect that stress may have on health and metabolic outcomes in college age adults. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between stress and cholesterol levels in male versus female college age students.

Methods: Thirty-six adults ages 20 to 27 participated in this study. Total blood cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, TC/HDL ratio, and glucose were measured one time using the Cholestech LDX® after either an overnight, or 4-hour fast. …

A Preliminary Evaluation: Demographic And Clinical Profiles And Changes In Functioning In Children Receiving Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Bonnie L. Davis Kenaley, Nathaniel J. Williams

Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

The present study is the first to examine the demographic and clinical profiles at intake of children with emotional disturbances who received Child Psychosocial Rehabilitation (CPSR), a relatively new treatment for children suffering with emotional disturbance(ED). Fifty-three children ranging in age from 4 to 18 years received CPSR from a for-profit outpatient child and adolescent mental health clinic located in southwestern Idaho for a minimum of six months. The children's demographic and clinical profiles were examined. In addition, the relationship between the relative change in psychological, emotional, and behavioral functioning as measured by CAFAS (Hodges, 1989, 1994) and PECFAS (Hodges, …

"Eighteen Million Cracks": Gender's Role In The 2008 Presidential Campaign, Gregory S. Parks, Quinette M. Roberson

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

In light of the 2008 presidential campaign, Gregory S. Parks
and Jeffrey J. Rachlinski wrote an extensive analysis, titled A Better
Metric, likening the campaign to an interview process and hiring
decision for a high-ranking job. Though unpublished, their work
spawned a number of published articles, book chapters, and a book
on the role of unconscious race and gender bias in the evaluations of
President Barack Obama, First Lady Michelle Obama, and Secretary
of State Hillary Clinton. In light of the analogy between voting and
hiring decisions, this article argues that questions about sexism and
gender bias along the campaign …

The Woman Formerly Known As…, Judith Kamalski

Research Trends

Women have traditionally adopted their husband’s surname after marriage. Research Trends explores the citation confusion this can lead to for married researchers who take on a new surname.

The Angel And The Imp: The Duncan Sisters’ Performances Of Race And Gender, Jocelyn Buckner

Theatre Faculty Articles and Research

From 1923 to 1959 Vivian and Rosetta Duncan performed the show Topsy and Eva in front of thousands of audiences in the United States and abroad. This essay examines how the Duncan Sisters’ appropriation of blackness through a yin and yang performance of black and white womanhood, their sexualized but ultimately infantilizing routine as young girls, and their take on anarchistic comedy resulted in a particular spin on age, gender, race, and sexuality that reinforced their privilege as white women even while it pushed the boundaries of acceptable femininity in the swiftly shifting American culture of the first half of …

A Functional Approach To Social Networking Sites, Erin M. Bryant, Jennifer Marmo, Artemio Ramirez Jr.

Human Communication and Theatre Faculty Research

The widespread use of social networking websites (SNSs) is one of the most groundbreaking communication trends to emerge in recent years. Since its creation in 2004, sites such as Facebook have become immensely popular among college students. Many SNSs continue to experience exponential growth. Facebook, for example, reached 100 million active users in August 2008 and proceeded to quadruple this membership base to surpass 400 million active users by July 2010 (Facebook.com). In addition to maintaining astronomically high membership rates, SNSs also appear to be part of user's daily schedules. In one study assessing Facebook use, Ellison, Heino, and Gibbs …

Involving Men, Population Council

Momentum

IN THIS ISSUE: Helping husbands safeguard health in Ethiopia | Calling attention to gender norms and rights | Identifying new male contraceptives | Achieving scale for male circumcision services | Working to ban female genital mutilation/cutting

Demographic And Offense-Related Variables In Pennsylvania Court-Ordered Placements For Juveniles, Kristen N. Asplin, Diane T. Marsh, Adeline Beighley

Contemporary Issues in Juvenile Justice

When making placement decisions for juvenile offenders, court officers often consider the types of charges listed against them. We examined the pattern of offenses charged to residents of 7 types of placements in 1 county in Pennsylvania over a period of 2 years. Consistent, predictable patterns were found across placements, with more restrictive placements assigned to juveniles with more severe offenses, although there remained a considerable degree of variation in offenses represented in each placement type. The pattern of placements was different between genders as well, with female offenders being placed in less restrictive care even more often than their …

A Closer Look At Co-Rumination: Gender, Coping, Peer Functioning And Internalizing/Externalizing Problems, Tanya L. Tompkins, Ashlee R. Hockett, Nadia Abraibesh, Jody L. Witt

Faculty Publications

Co-rumination, defined as repetitive, problem-focused talk, explains higher levels of friendship quality in youth (Rose, 2002) and increased levels of anxiety/depression in females. Middle adolescents (N=146) participated in a study of co-rumination, individual coping, externalizing/internalizing problems, and peer functioning. Consistent with past research, girls reported higher levels of co-rumination and internalizing symptoms. Co-rumination was also positively correlated with self-reports, but not teacher reports, of anxiety/depression and aggressive behavior. Both self-reported number of friends and teacher-rated social acceptance were negatively associated with co-rumination. Co-rumination partially accounted for the significant indirect effect of gender on internalizing symptoms. Additionally, co-rumination was …

"Smarten Up And Act Dumb, Sister!" Representations Of Sexuality And Gender In Children's Television Media, Zoe Nicole Kenney

Theses & ETDs

Media products created primarily for children must meet standards of acceptability that preclude sexual content. However, previous research indicates that representations of sexuality are present in children�s media. I examine this paradox through a content analysis of children's live-action television shows, with attention to the highly normative nature of the sexuality that is present. My sample includes 21 episodes from The Suite Life on Deck, the most popular show among 9-14 year olds on The Disney Channel as of Spring 2011. My data reflects the frequent heteronormativity and strictly delineated gender roles found in the content of such television programming. …

Beyond Trembling Manhood And Heaving Bosoms Gender And Sexuality In The Historical Romance Novel, Lucy Maddox

Theses & ETDs

This thesis examines and reevaluates the romance genre, specifically the presentation of gender and sexuality in historical romance novels published since 1995. The goal of this project was to defend the romance novel against outdated or inaccurate popular criticisms by closely examining masculinity, femininity, and sexuality within the romance novel. In chapter one, I discuss how the romance heroine and hero embody or subvert normative gender roles. Romance readers value heroes and heroines who possess both masculine and feminine attributes. Heroines have become more independent while heroes have become more sensitive. In chapter two, I analyze sex scenes between the …

Parents' Preference For Gender Stereotypes In Children's Books, Carla Abad

Theses & ETDs

Previous research has demonstrated that gender stereotypes are prevalent in preschool children and that books have the potential to challenge them. Recently, gender neutral and gender atypical books have increased in numbers; however, it is unknown whether parents would choose such books for their children. The current study explored parents� preference for children�s books in regards to gender stereotypes. Participants included 53 parents (47 women, 6 men) who were asked to complete a survey. The survey assessed how likely the parents would be to want each of their children to read stories that were either gender stereotypical, gender atypical, or …

"You Can Still Be A Feminist, Be Proud Of Being A Woman, And Deal With The Gender Binary" Issues Of Sex And Gender At Indian Brook Camp, Flavia Grattery-Musinsky

Theses & ETDs

Established in 1941 to provide girls the opportunity to engage in physical work and wilderness trips, Indian Brook is a single-sex summer camp in Southern Vermont. Though one must be female-bodied to attend or be employed at Indian Brook, one does not necessarily have to identify as a girl/woman; this relationship is emblematic of the unique, complex, and inevitably tenuous dynamic that is a product of the incorporation of queer pedagogy into a community organized upon seemingly conventional notions of sex and gender. Utilizing ethnographic methods over a two-month period in the summer of 2010, this study examines Indian Brook�s …