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Wresting And Arresting Sense In Academe: The Complicated Discursive Structures Of Female Assistant Professors, Alana M. Nicastro Edd

Dissertations

Women in academe often become entangled in an intricate equation of sensemaking as they work to balance the professional demands of teaching, research, and service, while at the same time learning the political and moral meanings of being a scholar. Structuration theory offers avenues for closely examining communicative strategies women utilize to navigate their roles as assistant professors. Through intensive interviews with seven female assistant professors this research investigates their process of wresting and arresting sense of the complicated roles, rules, and structures in academe. Analysis of interview data reveals the multiple discourses that frame organizational practices that facilitate and …

Explaining The Gender Gap In Help To Parents: The Importance Of Employment, Naomi Gerstel, Natalia Sarkisian

Center for Families Publications

Although it is well established that adult daughters spend more time giving assistance to their parents than do sons, the sources of this gender gap are not well understood. This paper asks: To what extent can this gap be explained by structural variation, especially the different rates of employment and kinds of jobs that women and men tend to hold? Using data from the National Survey of Families and Households (N= 7,350), the paper shows that both employment status and job characteristics, especially wages and self-employment, are important factors in explaining the gender gap in the help given to parents …

Heresy And Orthodoxy: Challenging Established Paradigms And Disciplines, Marion Hersch, Gloria Moss

Journal of International Women's Studies

A brief survey of the literature on interdisciplinary work and a discussion of issues relating to orthodoxy and heresy are presented to introduce a questionnaire on current interdisciplinary practice and the effects of engaging in research of this kind. Preliminary results of the survey are presented and it is suggested that women may have a greater tendency than men to engage in interdisciplinary research. They may also encounter more obstacles in their research than men. A number of hypotheses, including the relationship of interdisciplinary work and heresy, are proposed and a plan of further work to investigate them put forward.

Educational Choices Of Undergraduate Women In Public Relations: A Quantitative Study, Moira K. Davis

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Public relations is one of the fastest growing majors chosen by college students throughout the United States, and most of these students are women. This thesis attempts to define the important role that women play in the practice of public relations and to determine why female students choose this major as their desired field of study more often then men. There is a need for such a study because in 1996 women accounted for only 37 percent of managers in marketing, advertising, and public relations, although they comprised 62 percent of all public relations specialists in this country. This research …

Stereotype Reactance At The Bargaining Table: The Effect Of Stereotype Activation And Power On Claiming And Creating Value, Laura J. Kray, Jochen Reb, Adam D. Galinsky, Leigh Thompson

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Two experiments explored the hypothesis that the impact of activating gender stereotypes on negotiated agreements in mixed-gender negotiations depends on the manner in which the stereo-type is activated (explicitly vs. implicitly) and the content of the stereotype (linking negotiation performance to stereotypically male vs. stereotypically female traits). Specifically, two experiments investigated the generality and limits of stereotype reactance. The results of Experiment 1 suggest that negotiated outcomes become more one-sided in favor of the high power negotiator when masculine traits are explicitly linked to negotiator effectiveness. In contrast, the results of Experiment 2 suggest that negotiated outcomes are more integrative …

Lysistrata, Women And War: International Law's Treatment Of Women In Conflict And Post-Conflict Situations, Emma L. Lindsay

ExpressO

Aristophanes’ Lysistrata is powerful anti-war play often revived during times of international conflict. This paper uses Lysistrata to highlight and critique binary oppositions that underpin the treatment of women in conflict and post-conflict situations in the play and in international law. While many of the experiences of women and girls in war are similar to those of men and boys, there are important differences. Existing inequalities between women and men, and patterns of discrimination against women and girls, tend to be exacerbated in wartime. There are circumstances in which women suffer harms of a different kind and to a different …

The Social Construction Of Workplace "Diversity", Brenda G. Shawver

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This is a study of "workplace diversity" from a social constructionist perspective. The perspective holds that while human meaning is socially created, it is the social order which gives us resources for making this meaning. There is much literature about workplace diversity from objectivist standpoints that takes for granted the term "diversity." What is missing is a comprehensive understanding of diversity: what does this term mean? What does it conceal? I attempt to contribute to a better understanding of diversity by interrogating its construction in popular culture.

I analyze the content of an advertising supplement called "Diversity Works," published in …

The Literacy Practices Of Working Class White Women, Jody Ann Fernandez

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

It is an accepted construct that literacy proficiency is vital to economic success in America. As well, research has shown that home literacy use, especially parental practices, is instrumental in the children's acquisition of literacy skills, and later, proficiency with school literacy tasks. While literacy research abounds regarding family literacy practice, especially that of low-income mothers and children, rarely is the concept of class specifically addressed as separate from race.

The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the reported home literacy practices of nine white working class women residing in a neighborhood in the Southeastern United States. …

An Exploration Of Quaker Women’S Writing Between 1650 And 1700, Caroline Baker

Journal of International Women's Studies

Throughout the tumultuous period that was the English Civil War, there was a great change in society’s values and beliefs resulting in the establishment of many new political and religious groups. Quakerism, established in the 1640’s, appealed to women as it gave them freedom to prophesy and to proclaim the gospel. This study explores the role of Quaker women’s writing specifically between the years 1650 and 1700, a period of increased religious prominence. Texts from this time are examined including the journal and the epistle to the prophetic tract. The presence of women as preachers and missionaries is explored in …

The Prisoner Of Gender: Foucault And The Disciplining Of The Female Body, Angela King

Journal of International Women's Studies

The work of Michel Foucault has been extremely influential amongst feminist scholars and for good reason; his meditations on discipline, power, sexuality and subjectivity are particularly pertinent to feminist analysis. Yet despite his preoccupation with power and its effects on the body, Foucault’s own analysis was curiously gender-neutral. Remarkably, there is no exploration or even acknowledgement of the extent to which gender determines the techniques and degrees of discipline exerted on the body. Although this exposes serious flaws in Foucault’s work, I don’t believe it negates his entire theoretical framework. Rather it can be adopted and adapted; his glaring omissions …

My, Is That Cyborg A Little Bit Queer?, Esperanza Miyake

Journal of International Women's Studies

This piece of work is a response to the following question: ‘Critically assess the importance, or otherwise, of Donna Haraway’s “manifesto” for early twenty-first century feminists’. Based on Stein and Plummer’s outline of queer theory in their essay, “I can’t even think straight”: “Queer” Theory and the Missing Sexual Revolution in Sociology (Stein and Plummer 1996). This piece compares and contrasts different aspects of queer theory (sociological, ideological, political and ontological) with Haraway’s ‘manifesto’ in order to investigate the possibilities of a cyberqueer theory: to ‘queer’ (as a verb) the ‘cyborg’. Whilst attempting to interrelate both the notion of the …

Loading Rate In Self-Initiated Vertical Jump Landings: Developmental And Gender Comparisons, Pamela J. Russell, Erik E. Swartz, Ron V. Croce, Laura C. Decoster

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

The study compared gender and developmental differences in vertical loading rate upon a two-footed landing from a self-initiated VJ. Fifty-seven subjects grouped by age (pre-pubescent (8-11 yrs); post-pubescent (19-29 yrs)) and gender consented to participate. Subjects jumped for a ball set at 50% of their maximum VJ height, and landed on two feet, facing forward, with only their dominant foot on the force plate. Motion analysis (3-D) and ground reaction force (GRF) data were collected. Statistical analyses indicated significant developmental differences in vertical loading rate normalized to kinetic energy, but no gender differences. Children may have higher loading rates because …

Gender: Male Or Female? In Re Heilig And The Future Of Check-The-Box, Ellen C. Cornelius

University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class

No abstract provided.

Righting The Balance: Gender Diversity In The Geosciences, Robin E. Bell, Kim A. Kastens

ADVANCE Library Collection

The blatant barriers are down. Women are now routinely chief scientists on major cruises, lead field parties to all continents, and have risen to leadership positions in professional organizations, academic departments, and funding agencies. Nonetheless, barriers remain. Women continue to be under-represented in the Earth, ocean, and atmospheric sciences.

Effects And Cost Of Implementing A Gender-Sensitive Reproductive Health Program In Bolivia, Erica Palenque, Lizzy Montano, Ricardo Vernon, Fernando Gonzales Salguero, Patricia Riveros, John H. Bratt

Reproductive Health

The Integral Health Coordination Program (Programa de Coordinación en Salud Integral or PROCOSI), a network of 24 Bolivian NGOs, and the Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) program evaluated the effects of interventions on clinic clients and their partners, and estimated the costs of incorporating a gender perspective into service delivery. Results show that sexual and reproductive health service organizations can implement action plans to change organizational policies and service delivery practices and to improve their infrastructure and equipment to make them more convenient for clients. The results further show that the intervention made modest but important changes in …

Eye-Tracking In Sex Research: Comparing Genders On Processing Of Erotic Stimuli, Amy D Lykins

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The fact that sexual experiences, comprising cognitive, affective, and behavioral components, are private and socio-culturally laden has limited the types of methodology useful in exploring their characteristics. Eye-tracking methodology has the capacity to overcome some methodological difficulties We presented men and women with erotic and non-erotic pictures to examine the oft-published gender difference in self-reported attentional focus to erotica (i.e., men are most interested in body parts, and women are most interested in romantic context). After adjusting for scene region size, we found no gender differences in the amount of time that men and women looked at different aspects of …

Gender Parity In Political Coverage: A Content Analysis Of Major Kenyan Newspapers, Kulamo C Bullo

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Media coverage of parliamentary races should be fair and issue-oriented. This study examined the newspaper coverage of the 2002 Kenyan parliamentary elections for the seats in which there were both male and female contestants. The study examined three national newspapers from the day parliament went on recess, signaling beginning of campaigns, to eve of elections. Four hypotheses postulating differences in quantity and quality of coverage for both male and female candidates were tested and support found for all the hypotheses. The findings indicate differences in the media coverage of male and female politicians during election campaigns. Female candidates are likely …

Effects Of Gender And Seating Arrangement On Perceptions Of Leadership, Danielle Jackson Cervantes

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The current study examines the effects that gender and seating arrangement on perceptions of leadership. In order to determine current attitudes regarding women as leaders, this study examines factors that may influence people's perceptions about leadership and gender. Three different hypotheses were tested. The findings are as follows: Seating arrangement is still seen as an important factor when determining leadership, specifically the head of the table positions. Secondly, in this study, men were seen as being the leader of a group significantly more often than women. Lastly, sex of the subject did seem to influence the subjects' choice of leader, …

Meditating On The Voiceless Words Of The Invisible Other: Young Female Animé Fan Artists—Narratives Of Gender Images, Jin-Shiow Chen

Journal of Social Theory in Art Education

My interest in youth anime/manga (Japanese animation and comics) culture in Taiwan began three years ago when my niece, Kitty, then 15 years old, showed me some photos of her cosplay performances and manga drawings (doujinshi) by her good friends. The beautiful pictures fascinated me but in all honesty, I was stunned that my own niece and her good friends were participating in 'those exotic activities'. As far as I knew, my niece and her friends were good students-smart, creative and diligent in pursuing fine art as their majors in high school. I was disturbed by this incongruity and could …

Imaged Voices—Envisioned Landscapes: Storylines Of Information-Age Girls And Young Women, Marjorie Manifold

Journal of Social Theory in Art Education

In Information Age societies around the world, adolescents are storylining-that is, creating and sharing their own stories and images of who they are and how they would like to be in the world. The youth meet in real or cyber spaces to plan, write, and illustrate stories that incorporate either originally conceived characters or adapt characters from published sources. Insofar as these young people intimately identify with the characters of their stories, story lining may be understood as a kind of socio-aesthetic play. By projecting pieces of themselves into the fictive characters of the collaborative story, they are practicing, correcting, …

Fatigability Of The Elbow Flexor Muscles For A Sustained Submaximal Contraction Is Similar In Men And Women Matched For Strength, Sandra K. Hunter, Ashley Critchlow, In-Sik Shin, Roger M. Enoka

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to compare the time to task failure for a submaximal fatiguing contraction sustained with the elbow flexor muscles by men and women who were matched for strength (n = 20, 18-35 yr). The maximal torque exerted at the wrist was similar for the men and women [64.5 ± 8.7 (SD) vs. 64.5 ± 8.3 N·m; P > 0.05], which meant that the average torque exerted during the fatiguing contraction [20% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)] was similar for the two sexes. The time to task failure was similar for these strength-matched men and women …

Youth Behavioral Risks And Psychosocial Resources In Peru's Alternative-Development Zones, Federico R. Leon, Mary L. Claux

Reproductive Health

Alternative-development programs are being offered to the population of seven regions of central-eastern Peru involved in coca cropping. The youth of these regions are above the national average in risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, use of alcohol and drugs, and violence against women. This study sought to identify and describe protective factors expected to function as counterforces to such risks; develop reliable indicators and provide a baseline concerning the risk behaviors and protective factors; compare youth by gender, developmental stage, urbanization, and geography to determine whether segmented interventions are required; and recommend specific intervention strategies. The results of …

American Midwifery Litigation And State Legislative Preferences For Physician-Controlled Childbirth, Stacey A. Tovino

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Sex And (Sexed By) The State, Taylor Flynn

Media Presence

This Article discusses how the law not only tries to discipline the body into traditional sex roles, but it also has the power to declare you to be a particular legal sex, even over your objection. The majority of jurisdictions follow the orthodoxy of sex as "genitalia-at-birth." Under this view, a male to female transgender woman (who, for example, has undergone surgery and is anatomically indistinguishable from someone born with female genitalia) is deemed in the majority of states to be legally male. In a handful of more progressive states, the law looks predominantly--although unfortunately, not exclusively--at an individual's gender …

Rhetoric Or Rights?: When Culture And Religion Bar Girls' Right To Education, Elizabeth Chamblee Burch

Scholarly Works

Women account for almost two-thirds of the world's illiterates. In the year 2000, the World Education Forum met in Dakar, Senegal and set goals to (1) eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005, and (2) achieve gender equality in education by 2015. Two months before 2004, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) reported that sixty percent of the 128 countries that attended the Dakar Conference would not meet these goals. The report attributed the failure to sharp discrimination against girls in social and cultural practices.

The report failed to mention that social and cultural …

An Observational Study Of Delivered And Received Aggression, Gender, And Social-Psychological Adjustment In Preschool: Abstract "This White Crayon Doesn't Work ... ", Jamie M. Ostrov, Kathleen E. Woods, Elizabeth A. Jansen Yeh, Juan F. Casas, Nikki R. Crick

Psychology Faculty Publications

A semi-structured observational study investigated gender differences in delivered and received relational, physical, verbal, and nonverbal aggression in a young preschool sample (N = 60). Findings revealed that gender differences in subtypes of aggression may be apparent as early as 3 years of age. Specifically, girls were found to deliver and receive more relational aggression than males, whereas boys tended, although not significantly, to deliver and significantly received more physical aggression than females. Relational and physical subtypes of delivered and received aggression were differentially associated with preschoolers' social-psychological adjustment.

Workplace Mediation: The First-Phase, Private Caucus In Individual Discrimination Disputes, Emily M. Calhoun

Publications

No abstract provided.

Women's Experiences With Distance Education, Jane Elizabeth Moody

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines issues that affect women in online learning, and discusses four women's particular experiences in the University of Central Florida's distance learning program. Online education involves aspects of support and communication that may affect women's learning experiences either positively or negatively. Distance learning may also allow women to pursue their education while still taking care of their families and outside work. In order to get a better idea of how distance learning impacts women, I discuss several studies that examine how distance learning affects women in particular. I identify three areas from this literature that seem to be …

Students' Construction Of The Body In Physical Education, Laura Azzarito

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Recently, physical education researchers have been concerned about the results of national studies reporting young people's low level of participation in physical activity and health problems associated with inactivity. In general girls are less active than boys, and youth from low socioeconomic classes are less active and are more likely be unhealthy than middle or upper class youth. Blacks have the highest risks of health problems and the highest levels of physical inactivity. Among a number of recommendations included in Healthy People 2010, physical education has been identified as a fundamental site for addressing today's challenges. According to physical education …

Visual Framing: A Study In Face-Ism From The Websites For The 108th United States Congress., Beth Johnson Anderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Websites are being used by increasing numbers to target a market with a message unfiltered by the media. This content analysis examined the website front-screens for the members of the 108th United States Congress to determine if the photographic images displayed reinforced the media's stereotypical frame of female politicians. A total of 3,892 photographic images were captured from 540 websites and coded using the face-ism index. Overall, the results supported the face-ism theory. Images of females were cropped lower on their bodies than images of males. The face-ism effect was not supported until the number of people in the photograph …