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Gender In The Bamako Polycentric World Social Forum (2006): Is Another World Possible?, Aurelie Latoures Apr 2007

Gender In The Bamako Polycentric World Social Forum (2006): Is Another World Possible?, Aurelie Latoures

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper explores a gender analysis of the Bamako Polycentric World Social Forum, 2006. Thus far, gender has been marginalized in the World Social Forum process, despite the progressive tone of the project for “another world,” indirectly alluding to gender equality. The Bamako WSF 2006 is an interesting case study to assess gender institutionalisation, as for the first time African women activists were massively integrated into the discussions. Additionally, national organizers dedicated a specific venue for gender issues, the Women’s World. What was the impact of these two features for the “engendering” of the WSF?

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Rethinking Retirement Policy In Massachusetts, Ellen A. Bruce Mar 2007

Rethinking Retirement Policy In Massachusetts, Ellen A. Bruce

New England Journal of Public Policy

Women are significantly poorer than men in old age. One major cause of women’s disproportional poverty is retirement income policy that bases pensions and savings incentives on earned income. This paper describes the structure of our retirement policies and argues that some policies should be implemented that are not associated with earned income as a way to both support women’s caregiving roles and insure their economic well-being in old age.

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Beyond Hispanic/Latino: The Importance Of Gender/Ethnicity-Specific Earnings Analyses, Rosalie Torres Stone, Julia Mcquillan Mar 2007

Beyond Hispanic/Latino: The Importance Of Gender/Ethnicity-Specific Earnings Analyses, Rosalie Torres Stone, Julia Mcquillan

Bureau of Sociological Research: Faculty Publications

The effect of economic change on the Latino to non-Latino White earnings gap has been well documented; however much of this research has focused on Latinos as a general category with little focus on subgroup variations. Despite varied histories and demographic characteristics Mexicans, Puerto Ricans and Cubans, the largest Hispanic subgroups, have usually been combined in analyses of earnings gaps. Consequently, we know little about differential effects of the “new economy” on earnings by subgroup across labor markets. Using a sample consisting of Mexicans, Cubans, Puerto Ricans, and non-Hispanic Whites residing in 106 metropolitan statistical areas (MSA) from the 2000 …

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Love And Suffering In Bom Jesus: Marileia As Favela Woman And Mother, Marcia Mikulak Feb 2007

Love And Suffering In Bom Jesus: Marileia As Favela Woman And Mother, Marcia Mikulak

Anthropology Faculty Publications

This article explores the life history of Marileia, a favela woman and mother of five children, several of whom work the streets in Curvelo, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and is drawn from research carried out between 1997-2000 in Brazil. Ethnography exposes the multiple realities coexisting within and between individuals engaged in the constructionist process of fieldwork. From the anthropologists perspective, narrative is a translated and transcribed event that can magnify inequalities and barriers between researcher and subject. This article explores ethnographic representation by extending the cantankerous and complex experiences of researcher, subject, and reader into a form similar to a musical …

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Voices Raised, Issue 15, University Of Dayton. Women's Center Feb 2007

Voices Raised, Issue 15, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: Celebrating Women’s History; International Women’s Day: Acknowledging the contributions of women; Round of Applause For…Dr. Caroline Merithew; Defying traditional female roles; ATWLC Committee plans for success; How Powerful is Your Inner Voice?; Voices of Women in History; Challenging behavior that works against our community.

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The Missing Rhetoric Of Gender In Responses To Abu Ghraib, Alexandra Murphy Feb 2007

The Missing Rhetoric Of Gender In Responses To Abu Ghraib, Alexandra Murphy

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper explores Western responses to the torture inflicted upon Iraqi detainees by U.S. soldiers at the Abu Ghraib facility near Baghdad. More specifically, however, this paper examines responses to photographic representations of this torture, which began to surface in the April of 2004. The analysis that follows engages closely with the status of the photographs as images, arguing that existing critical interpretations fail to account for the particular issues and problems that the visual image presents. Through detailed reference work by Judith Butler and Susan Sontag, this paper will also interrogate the limitations of recent theoretical approaches to the …

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The Lady In The Looking-Glass: Reflections On The Self In Virginia Woolf, Stephen Howard Feb 2007

The Lady In The Looking-Glass: Reflections On The Self In Virginia Woolf, Stephen Howard

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay addresses Virginia Woolf’s exploration of the concept of the self through reference to a range of her prose writings. In these writings, Woolf questions whether the self is unitary, constant and finally knowable, or fragmented, unstable and inscrutable; whether the self is merged with other people, and constructed from interactions with the world; and whether or not a durable and fixed self-image is a necessary prerequisite for successful social interaction. Woolf’s engagement with the conventions of biography is examined primarily through the lens of two short stories: ‘The Lady in the Looking-Glass’ and ‘An Unwritten Novel.’ I argue …

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Feminism And The Politics Of Representation: Towards A Critical And Ethical Encounter With “Others”, Amy Hinterberger Feb 2007

Feminism And The Politics Of Representation: Towards A Critical And Ethical Encounter With “Others”, Amy Hinterberger

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay begins from the position that a speaking subject in feminism occupies a place of power and authority which requires a commitment to an ethical involvement in the representation of ‘others.’ Specifically, this essay will address feminist concerns of speaking for others and the concerns raised by the dangers of representing across differences of race, sexuality, gender and cultures. First, it will critique feminist claims to political effectivity as a solution to ethical representation. Second, it will look at how hierarchies of oppression and privileged ontological positions are inconsistently represented in feminist discussions. Lastly, it will briefly examine how …

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Effects Of Gender, Education, And Age Upon Leaders' Use Of Influence Tactics And Full Range Leadership Behaviors, John E. Barbuto Jr., Susan Fritz, Gina S. Matkin, David B. Marx Jan 2007

Effects Of Gender, Education, And Age Upon Leaders' Use Of Influence Tactics And Full Range Leadership Behaviors, John E. Barbuto Jr., Susan Fritz, Gina S. Matkin, David B. Marx

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Faculty Publications

Relationships of gender, age, and education to leadership styles and leaders' influence tactics were examined with 56 leaders and 234 followers from a variety of organizations. Leadership behaviors were measured with the Multi-factor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ—rater version). Influence tactics were measured with Yukl’s Influence Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ). Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to test behavioral differences attributed to leaders' gender, age, and education groups, as well as the interaction of age and education with gender. Results show that gender produced a small direct effect on leadership behaviors. The interaction of gender and education produced consistent differences in leadership …

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Cultivating The Taste Of The Nation: The National Council Of Women Of Canada And The Campaign Against “Pernicious” Literature At The Turn Of The Twentieth Century, Anne-Marie Kinahan Jan 2007

Cultivating The Taste Of The Nation: The National Council Of Women Of Canada And The Campaign Against “Pernicious” Literature At The Turn Of The Twentieth Century, Anne-Marie Kinahan

Communication Studies Faculty Publications

This article analyzes the campaign against “pernicious” literature undertaken by the National Council of Women of Canada at the turn of the twentieth century. Concerned with the growing availability of dime novels, penny dreadfuls, and romances and their perceived influences on young readers, Council members sought to educate the Canadian public about the circulation of so-called “pernicious” literature. But they also sought to eradicate the popularity of “pernicious” literature by encouraging children, youth, and adults to read a “better class” of books, through the creation of the National Home Reading Union in 1895. This article argues that through these strategies, …

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Gender Identity Disorder, Jennifer Mckitrick Jan 2007

Gender Identity Disorder, Jennifer Mckitrick

Department of Philosophy: Faculty Publications

According to the DSM IV, a person with GID is a male or female that feels a strong identification with the opposite sex and experiences considerable stress because of their actual sex (Task Force on DSM-IV and American Psychiatric Association, 2000). The way GID is characterized by health professionals, patients, and lay people belies certain assumptions about gender that are strongly held, yet nevertheless questionable. The phenomena of transsexuality and sex-reassignment surgery puts into stark relief the following question: “What does it mean to be male or female?” But while the answer to that question may be informed by contemplation …

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Workin’ It Out At Curves – Religion, Gender, And The Body In Contemporary America, Jamie K. Singelais Jan 2007

Workin’ It Out At Curves – Religion, Gender, And The Body In Contemporary America, Jamie K. Singelais

Senior Scholar Papers

I performed qualitative research in the form of participant observation, surveys, and in-depth interviews to examine Curves, a fitness franchise for women found throughout the United States and, increasingly, the rest of the world. I conducted this exploratory study specifically at the Curves in Waterville, Maine, and made several trips to other franchises in the area for comparative purposes. One of my key findings is the importance of understanding Curves’ organization as a business, specifically, its status as a franchise and the effect that this has on its popularity and growth. Additionally, my research revealed the role, surprising to me, …

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Gender And Justice: Parity And The United States Supreme Court, Paula A. Monopoli Jan 2007

Gender And Justice: Parity And The United States Supreme Court, Paula A. Monopoli

Faculty Scholarship

There is a deep concern among many American women that only one woman remains on the United States Supreme Court. When Justice Sandra Day O’Connor was sworn in on September 25, 1981, most people never imagined that twenty-five years later there would still be only one woman on the Court. It appears that it will be many more years before there is a critical mass of women sitting on the high court. Given its central role, the Court should better represent the gender balance in American society. In a number of other countries, voluntary or involuntary parity provisions have been …

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Accepting The Court's Invitation, Martha M. Ertman Jan 2007

Accepting The Court's Invitation, Martha M. Ertman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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The Queer Tourist In 'Straight'(?) Space: Sexual Citizenship In Provincetown, Sandra Faiman-Silva Jan 2007

The Queer Tourist In 'Straight'(?) Space: Sexual Citizenship In Provincetown, Sandra Faiman-Silva

Anthropology Faculty Publications

Provincetown, Massachusetts USA, a rural out-of-the-way coastal village at the tip of Cape Cod with a yearround population of approximately 3,500, has 'taken off' since the late 1980s as a popular GLBTQ tourist destination. Long tolerant of sexual minorities, Provincetown transitioned from a Portuguese-dominated fishing village to a popular 'queer' gay resort mecca, as the fishing industry deteriorated drastically over the twentieth century. Today Provincetowners rely mainly on tourists—both straight and gay—who enjoy the seaside charm, rustic ambiance, and a healthy dose of non-heternormative performance content, in this richly diverse tourist milieu. As Provincetown's popularity as a GLBTQ tourist destination …

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Gender (In)Visibility At Abu Ghraib, Marita Gronnvoll Jan 2007

Gender (In)Visibility At Abu Ghraib, Marita Gronnvoll

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

This essay explores the gender discourse surrounding the women soldiers implicated in the Abu Ghraib abuse scandal, and the gender silence surrounding their male counterparts. The analysis suggests that the women soldiers in the abuse case, particularly Lynndie England, are held to gendered standards, while the male soldiers are discussed in terms that are nongendered. Further, analysis of the widely disseminated photographs suggests that where the Iraqi male prisoners are excessively gendered and homosexualized, the male soldiers have their presumed heterosexuality preserved. Examination of the Abu Ghraib case suggests implications for rhetorical scholars interested in gender, as well as larger …

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Gender (In)Visibility At Abu Ghraib, Marita Gronnvoll Jan 2007

Gender (In)Visibility At Abu Ghraib, Marita Gronnvoll

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

This essay explores the gender discourse surrounding the women soldiers implicated in the Abu Ghraib abuse scandal, and the gender silence surrounding their male counterparts. The analysis suggests that the women soldiers in the abuse case, particularly Lynndie England, are held to gendered standards, while the male soldiers are discussed in terms that are nongendered. Further, analysis of the widely disseminated photographs suggests that where the Iraqi male prisoners are excessively gendered and homosexualized, the male soldiers have their presumed heterosexuality preserved. Examination of the Abu Ghraib case suggests implications for rhetorical scholars interested in gender, as well as larger …

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Gender Bias In Peer Grading Among Undergraduate Students, Elizabeth Dalton Jan 2007

Gender Bias In Peer Grading Among Undergraduate Students, Elizabeth Dalton

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

Using the observation that people refer to their own genders when talking about an unknown author, one might infer that people might relate to authors of their same sex. If this is true, this could be a gender bias as people could attribute good qualities of an unknown author to their gender. This led to an investigation of gender bias in peer grading where students were thought to attribute better grades on a paper if the author is their same sex. Participants were separated into three groups separated by the knowledge of the author’s gender then asked to grade a …

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Oppression And The Double Bind Of "Eveline", Leigh Griffith Jan 2007

Oppression And The Double Bind Of "Eveline", Leigh Griffith

The Corinthian

"Eveline" by James Joyce reveals the discrimination of women as described in Marilyn Frye's "Oppression." Frye's article discusses a "doublebind," the restraining nature of society in which a woman must present herself in a certain manner or she will be rebuked. Frye also compares a woman's situation to a birdcage. Women are encaged and not free to present themselves however they wish. If only a single perspective or ''wire" of the cage is studied, women seem unsuppressed. Such is the reason the world does not understand the prejudice.

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Apotheosis Or Apparition? Bombay And The Village In 1990s Women’S Cinema, Rashmi Sawhney Jan 2007

Apotheosis Or Apparition? Bombay And The Village In 1990s Women’S Cinema, Rashmi Sawhney

Books/Book chapters

This article examines the representation of Bombay in Aruna Raje’s Rihaee (1988) and Sai Paranjpye’s Disha (1990). It has been argued here that in both films, Bombay functions as a narrative anchor to the fictive village, which is depicted as the locus of Indian modernity. Symbolism of the village-city trope is used to reorganise the syntagm of modernity-location-gender in new relations of power and also to present alternative visions of national development within the socio-economic context of 1990s liberalisation in India. The dialectic between city and village in these films emphasises the role of memory and migration in women’s cinema, …

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Transitioning From Patriarchal Society: Women’S Rights And Gender Equality, Melissa Donahue Jan 2007

Transitioning From Patriarchal Society: Women’S Rights And Gender Equality, Melissa Donahue

ESSAI

No abstract provided.

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The Dynamics Of Social Capital And Conflict Management In Multiple Resource Regimes: A Case Of The Southwestern Highlands Of Uganda, Pascal C. Sanginga, Rick N. Kamugisha, Andrienne M. Martin Jan 2007

The Dynamics Of Social Capital And Conflict Management In Multiple Resource Regimes: A Case Of The Southwestern Highlands Of Uganda, Pascal C. Sanginga, Rick N. Kamugisha, Andrienne M. Martin

All UNF Research

Increasingly, social capital, defined as shared norms, trust, and the horizontal and vertical social networks that facilitate coordination and cooperation for mutually beneficial collective action, is seen as an important asset upon which people rely to manage natural resources and resolve conflicts. This paper uses empirical data from households and community surveys and case studies, to examine the role, strengths, and limits of social capital in managing conflicts over the use and management of natural resources. We inventoried over 700 cases ranging from conflicts between multiple resource users to supra-community conflicts between local communities concerns for better livelihoods and national/international …

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Casa Of Maryland And The Battle Regarding Human Trafficking And Domestic Workers' Rights, Elizabeth Keyes Jan 2007

Casa Of Maryland And The Battle Regarding Human Trafficking And Domestic Workers' Rights, Elizabeth Keyes

Women, Leadership & Equality

No abstract provided.

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Gender Oppression And Discrimination In South Africa, Shaina Hutson Jan 2007

Gender Oppression And Discrimination In South Africa, Shaina Hutson

ESSAI

No abstract provided.

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Demographic Factors Associated With Prevalence Of Antibody To Sin Nombre Virus In Deer Mice In The Western United States, Charles Calisher, Kent Wagoner, Brian Amman, J. Jeffrey Root, Richard J. Douglass, Amy Kuenzi, Ken Abbott, Cheryl Parmenter, Terry Yates, Thomas Ksiazek, Barry J. Beaty, James N. Mills Jan 2007

Demographic Factors Associated With Prevalence Of Antibody To Sin Nombre Virus In Deer Mice In The Western United States, Charles Calisher, Kent Wagoner, Brian Amman, J. Jeffrey Root, Richard J. Douglass, Amy Kuenzi, Ken Abbott, Cheryl Parmenter, Terry Yates, Thomas Ksiazek, Barry J. Beaty, James N. Mills

United States Public Health Resources

We used long-term data collected for up to 10 yr (1994–2004) at 23 trapping arrays (i.e., webs and grids) in Arizona, Colorado, Montana, and New Mexico to examine demographic factors known or suspected to be associated with risk of infection with Sin Nombre virus (SNV) in its natural host, the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). Gender, age (mass), wounds or scars, season, and local relative population densities were statistically associated with the period prevalence of antibody (used as a marker of infection) to SNV in host populations. Nevertheless, antibody prevalence and some of the risk factors associated with antibody …

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Gendered Support Strategies Of The Elderly In The Gwembe Valley, Zambia, Lisa Cliggett Jan 2007

Gendered Support Strategies Of The Elderly In The Gwembe Valley, Zambia, Lisa Cliggett

Anthropology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Many Faces Of Darlene Jespersen, Michael Selmi Jan 2007

The Many Faces Of Darlene Jespersen, Michael Selmi

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This essay was written for a symposium on the case Jespersen v. Harrah's Operating Co., in which Darlene Jespersen challenged Harrah's policy that required its female employees to wear makeup. In this essay, I explore the applicable case law, focusing specifically on the emerging law of sexual stereotyping to explain why the law was unwilling to recognize Jespersen's claim. In addition, I suggest that Jespersen's case is symptomatic of the way in which we have come to expect too much both from work and from courts. The workplace is typically not a place to express our identities and the fact …

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Disrupted Conventions: Gender Roles In Mildred Walker's The Curlew's Cry And Winter Wheat, Pandora Andre-Beatty Jan 2007

Disrupted Conventions: Gender Roles In Mildred Walker's The Curlew's Cry And Winter Wheat, Pandora Andre-Beatty

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

In this thesis, I discuss the significance of gender in Mildred Walker’s novels The Curlew’s Cry and Winter Wheat. Walker wrote and situates both narratives in Montana, supporting my argument that literature of the American West remains a productive area for examining gender roles. The Curlew’s Cry is set at the closing of the American frontier in the early 20th century, while Winter Wheat is set during the settled agricultural era of the 1940s. I argue that instead of re-enforcing gender stereotypes commonly found in novels set in the American West during and after the white settlement of the plains, …

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Women In Science And Engineering: Politics Of Gender, Ibironke Lawal Jan 2007

Women In Science And Engineering: Politics Of Gender, Ibironke Lawal

VCU Libraries Faculty and Staff Publications

Women are fewer than men in science and engineering, therefore, the assumption is that women generally prefer arts and humanities. But to some analysts, the reason for the low percentage of women in these careers may be due to innate mental and psychological differences between them and men. Others contend that women have the capacity to excel in any profession and that their fewness in science and engineering can be attributed to other factors. They urge educational institutions and employers to develop programs and specific policies that would allow women to strike a better balance between the demands of work …

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Law Firms As Defendants: Family Responsibilities Discrimination In Legal Workplaces, Joan C. Williams, Stephanie Bornstein, Diana Reddy, Betsy A. Williams Jan 2007

Law Firms As Defendants: Family Responsibilities Discrimination In Legal Workplaces, Joan C. Williams, Stephanie Bornstein, Diana Reddy, Betsy A. Williams

UF Law Faculty Publications

This article analyzes how the growing trend of litigation alleging employment discrimination based on workers' family caregiving responsibilities applies to law firms and other legal employers. Our research has found at least thirty-three cases since 1990 in which employees of law firms or other legal employers--both attorneys and support staff--have sued their employers for family responsibilities discrimination (“FRD”). FRD is discrimination against employees based on their family caregiving responsibilities for newborns, young children, elderly parents, or ill spouses or partners. Here we analyze these cases, including the employee experiences that have prompted litigation and the legal theories on which the …

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