Digital Commons Network^™

The Effects Of Marital Status & Gender On Health Care Insurance Coverage In The United States, Jessica S. T. Kong

Honors Projects

Having health insurance is a crucial factor for many to sustain life in America. This study examines the demographic determinants of health care coverage within the United States with a focus on how gender and marital status influence the likelihood of having health insurance. Using the human capital theory and the theory of statistical discrimination, it is predicted that married females will have a higher probability of being insured than divorced and separated females. Also, divorced males are predicted to have a higher probability of coverage than divorced females. The data for this research is retrieved from the United States …

Lilian Westcott Hale And Nancy Hale: From Victorian To Modern In Art And Text, Norah Hardin Lind

Theses and Dissertations

Lilian Westcott Hale (1880-1963) and her daughter Nancy Hale (1908-1988) built successful careers during a period of transition in America, as Victorian mores were replaced by new modern freedoms. Greater independence for women had evolved during the preceding century, before the influential cultural factors which occurred during the early twentieth century like urbanization and world war. This interdisciplinary analysis of Lilian Hale‘s artwork and Nancy Hale‘s writings demonstrates the imprint of the surrounding world on their work. Lilian Hale‘s art is influenced by her Victorian childhood, and Nancy Hale‘s fiction reveals many conflicts of the modern era. The study of …

Lifecourse Socioeconomic Trajectories And C-Reactive Protein Levels In Young Adults: Findings From A Brazilian Birth Cohort, Aydin Nazmi, I. O. Oliveira, Bernardo L. Horta, D. P. Gigante, Cesar G, Victora

Food Science and Nutrition

Socioeconomic factors are associated with cardiovascular disease. C-reactive protein (CRP) is increasingly implicated as a candidate linking conventional risk factors and atherosclerosis. The impact of early- and later-life socioeconomic status (SES) on CRP levels has not been widely investigated and a handful of studies from high-income countries are inconsistent. We set out to examine the associations between lifecourse socioeconomic indicators (family income at birth, maternal education, family income at age 23 and own education) on CRP levels in young adults belonging to the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study (n = 5914). Early-life SES showed significant and graded associations …

Brazen (Spring 2010), Hollins University

Brazen - Gender & Women's Studies Department Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Fire Smoulders In The Veins: Toyen's Queer Desire And Its Roots In Prague Surrealism, Karla Huebner

Art and Art History Faculty Publications

This essay explores Toyen’s development of queer themes and places it in the context of her Prague origins. It first looks at its place within the Prague group’s early erotica, then considers early Czech surrealism in relation to interwar Czech sex reformism, feminism, and homoerotic activism, and finally examines how Toyen’s production of artworks can be seen as enacting her queer desire in a tangible form. In closing, it relates Czech surrealist theory and practice to French surrealist ideas. The article also shows how inter-war Czechs participated in the struggle for sexual minority rights.

A Comparison Of Firefighters And Police Officers: The Influence Of Gender And Relationship Status, Tammy J. Shaffer

Adultspan Journal

No abstract provided.

The Political Consequences Of Gender In Social Networks, Paul Djupe, Scott D. Mcclurg, Anand Sokhey

Working Papers

Prior research on communication in social networks demonstrates its influence on a variety of democratic behaviors including opinion formation, tolerance, voting behavior, and participation. Largely unexplored in this literature is the potential for unexplored heterogeneity in social influence, particularly across gender lines. In this paper, we move the discussion forward by examining how classic results in the field of social communication, which often did not even control for gender, yield different results when we consider gender dynamics. Women’s networks are constructed differently than men’s, but women also use their networks differently and process information from them differently than men do. …

Voices Raised, Issue 28, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: The L.E.A.D.E.R. Consortium’s Support for Women Faculty; Miryam Award Recipients; Passionate about Women’s Equity; LEADER Consortium Appoints Equity Advisors; How to Prevent “Summer Haze”; UD’s Women’s Basketball Team on Their NCCA Appearance; Supporting Women’s Athletics.

Gender Trends In Dental Leadership And Academics: A Twenty-Two-Year Observation, Judy Chia-Chun Yuan, Damian J. Lee, Suchada Kongkiatkamon, Sasha Ross, Soni Prasad, Anne Koerber, Cortino Sukotjo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine gender disparities in dental leadership and academics in the United States. Nine journals that represent the dental specialties and high published impact factors were selected to analyze the percentage of female dentists’ first and senior authorship for the years 1986, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2008. Data on appointment status and female deanship were collected from the American Dental Association (ADA) survey, and the trends were studied. The proportion of female presidents in ADA-recognized specialty organizations was also calculated. Overall, the increase in first female authorship was not statistically significant, but the …

The Body As Symbol: Bringing Together Theories Of Sex/Gender And Race For Theological Discourse, Patricia Lewis

Dissertations (1934 -)

This dissertation focuses on race and sex/gender as critical theological topics that are not being adequately addressed in most theological discourse. This project presents a tool to establish better theological discourse about the body that takes the specifities of race and sex/gender into consideration and brings them together in theological anthropology.

"Irish Blood, English Heart": Gender, Modernity, And "Third Way" Republicanism In The Formation Of The Irish Republic, Kenneth Lee Shonk, Jr.

Dissertations (1934 -)

Led by noted Irish statesman Eamon de Valera, a cadre of former members of the militaristic republican organization Sinn Féin split to form Fianna Fáil with the intent to reconstitute Irish republicanism so as to fit within the democratic frameworks of the Irish Free State. Beginning with its formation in 1926, up through the passage of a republican constitution in 1937 that was recognized by Great Britain the following year, Fianna Fáil had successfully rescued the seemingly moribund republican movement from complete marginalization. Using gendered language to forge a nexus between primordial cultural nationalism and modernity, Fianna Fáil's nationalist project …

Two To The Power Of Three: An Exploration Of Metaphor For Sense Making In (Women’S) Collaborative Inquiry, Louise Grisoni, Margaret Page

Organization Management Journal

This paper explores how working with metaphors provides a way to explore under the surface dynamics embedded in the practice and processes of collaborative inquiry. We argue that metaphors are a form of presentational knowing and provide a bridge between experiential knowing and propositional knowing. We have surfaced an exploration of horizontal (sibling) and vertical relations using retrospective inquiry. This paper demonstrates the reality, messiness and politics of collaborative research inquiry processes, which tend to be understudied and under-theorized. We are concerned to affirm the value of collaborative inquiry, and at the same time, break some taboos and myths concerning …

Feminist Criticism: The Importance Of Sharing The Native Female Journey, Michelle Newfield

Communication Studies

The female Native American perspective is grossly neglected in mainstream media. Sadly, stereotypical images romanticize Native American women in a light that disallows them to be taken seriously in a modernized world. The fact is that the majority of women with American Indian ancestry do not live on reservations; they make up a considerable part of the general population.

There is an unfortunate “invisibility of Native women in comparison to men,” and “Native women are often represented by popular culture within the Plains Indian context, the generic Indian. Omnipresent is the ‘squaw’ who is portrayed as servant, concubine, beast of …

Institutional Structures Of Opportunity In Refugee Resettlement: Gender, Race/Ethnicity, And Refugee Ngos, Stephanie J. Nawyn

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Previous research suggests that social welfare assistance can further subordinate already disadvantaged recipients. Refugee resettlement, essentially a social welfare program, offers a diferent perspective on how welfare assistance might exert social control. Using data gathered from 60 in-depth interviews with people working in resettlement and observations at refugee non-governmental organizations (NGOs), this paper argues that refugee NGOs provide a complex institutional opportunity structure that has the potential to reproduce the gender and racial/ethnic subordination embedded in refugee welfare policy while also providing opportunities for refugees to counteract subordinating gender and racial/ethnic relations through advocacy and cultural activities. These findings refine …

"Like A Prison!": Homeless Women's Narratives Of Surviving Shelter, Sarah L. Deward, Angela M. Moe

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Relying on field observation and twenty qualitative interviews with shelter residents, this article examines how the bureaucracy and institutionalization within a homeless shelter fits various tenets of Goffman's (1961) "total institution," particularly with regard to systematic deterioration of personhood and loss of autonomy. Women's experiences as shelter residents are then explored via a typology of survival strategies: submission, adaptation, and resistance. This research contributes to existing literature on gendered poverty by analyzing the nuanced ways in which institutionalization affects and complicates women's efforts to survive homelessness.

Amma's Daughters: A Transmodern Study Of Personal, Gender, Cultural, And Religious Identities Amongst Women In The Amma Community In United States, Bhavana Upadhyaya

Communication ETDs

Using a transmodern philosophical approach, this study illustrates the different ways in which women devotees and participants in the Amma Community in United States experience processes of personal and social identification and disidentification as they strive to follow a spiritual path. The study uses the framework of spirituality, which is defined as the journey of disidentification from personal and social identities to the state of connectedness, to highlight how spirituality works in particular and contextual ways amongst Amma's daughters in the community to enable alternative transmodern articulations of self and difference. The study focuses on four areas--personal, gender, cultural, and …

Voices Raised, Issue 27, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: 100 years of International Women’s Day; Muslim Women’s Conference; From Dedicated Athlete to Senior Administrator; Putting a Stop to Human Trafficking; Think Thinness = Beauty? THINK AGAIN; Influential Women in World History; Teaching Young Women What They’re Really Worth.

Disparity Between The Perceived Alcohol-Related Attitudes Of Parents And Peers Increases Alcohol Risk In College Students, Jessica Cail, Joseph W. Labrie

Heads Up!

Although peer norms have been found to be a particularly strong correlate of alcohol consumption by college students, research suggests that parents also have a significant impact on the behaviors of their children, even after their child has departed for college. The current study investigated the effect of disparity between the perceived approval of alcohol (injunctive norms) of parents and closest friends on college student drinking and consequences, and explored gender differences in this effect. It found that injunctive disparity was significantly correlated with individual drinking and related consequences over and above the strongest known predictor variables of gender, same-sex …

Thirteen Ways Of Looking At Buck V. Bell: Thoughts Occasioned By Paul Lombardo's Three Generations, No Imbeciles, Michelle Oberman

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Gender And Dormitories At Lindenwood College 1968-1970, A. J. Medlock

Student Scholarship

In the fall of 1969, as a result of the creation of a separate men’s college, Lindenwood College became faced with the problem of intervisitation, the issue of allowing men and women to visit each other in their dorm rooms. The problems of intervisitation at Lindenwood would illustrate the complexities many college administrations experienced with the doctrine of In loco parentis, a Latin term school administrations used to regulate the morals of students. America’s changing social mores forced universities to confront students who demanded control over matters concerning their personal lives, including sexual relations between men and women.

Shaping Economic Practices In China’S Post-Command Economy Period: The Interaction Of Politics, Economics And Institutional Constraints, Tonia Warnecke, Alain Blanchard

Student-Faculty Collaborative Research Publications

Although much has been published on China's economic transition, less research has focused on how Chinese culture and the Communist political system have interacted to shape the new Chinese economy. In this paper, we argue that China's post-command economy period reflects not only the 'new' infusion of neo-liberal ideology into the country, but also the consistent filtering of economic practices through a historical and complex institutional arrangement of cultural and political norms. The tensions between neo-classical free market principles and the overarching authority of the Communist state explain the variety of institutional constraints on actual economic practices in China. While …

Alcohol Problems In Young Adults Transitioning From Adolescence To Adulthood: The Association With Race And Gender, Karen G. Chartier, Michie N. Hesselbrock, Victor M. Hesselbrock

Social Work Publications

Race and gender may be important considerations for recognizing alcohol related problems in Black and White young adults. This study examined the prevalence and age of onset of individual alcohol problems and alcohol problem severity across race and gender subgroups from a longitudinal study of a community sample of adolescents followed into young adulthood (N = 166; 23–29 yrs. old who were drinkers). All alcohol problems examined first occurred when subjects were in their late teens and early 20s. Drinking in hazardous situations, blackouts, and tolerance were the most common reported alcohol problems. In race and gender comparisons, more …

Putting On Her Man Pants: Social Reaction To Female Cross-Dressing And Gender Transgression In America 1850-1880, Kathryn L. Eichenlaub

Honors Papers

Between 1850 and 1880, Americans obsessed over cross-dressing women. Many women donned the breeches: ruined young daughters of respectable families, honest but poor girls looking for a living, and unseemly women who wished either to explore public places or prostitute themselves. This huge variation in station and intention of cross-dressing women allows an exploration of Victorian identity markers -- not just gender, but also race, class, and respectability. Many of these young ladies were described as Romantic adventurers -- they had heroic and beautiful, but often ultimately tragic, experiences. By studying the social reaction to these individuals, we discover that …

Crossings Of Indigenousness, Feminism, And Gender, Heidi Sinevaara-Niskanen

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

Individual Growth Analysis Of Children's Reading Performance During The First Years Of School, Regina Giraldo

ETD Archive

Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics (Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-1999 (ECLS-K)), the study utilized an individual growth model (Bryk & Raudenbush, 2002), the purpose of which was to assess the nature of progress in children's reading performance between kindergarten and 3rd grade and second, to determine the extent to which parental involvement predicts both the initial reading ability as well as the rate of progress. Children's cognitive development in reading was used as the dependent variable and parental involvement as the primary independent variable with gender and race/ethnicity as control variables.The study used …

Anti-Androgyne Feminist Analysis Of The Fin-De-Siecle Androgyne And The Hermaphrodite As A Radical Queer Employment In Visual Culture, Lauren Ondercin Edwards

Theses & ETDs

The fin-de-si�cle was a time of social upheaval, especially for men faced with changing gender relations and the rise of feminism. Two figures which arose from this male anxiety about changing gender roles are the Androgyne and the Hermaphrodite. The first part of this paper examines the specific ways that the finde-si�cle Androgyne�a supposedly asexual, transcendent, feminized male figure�reassures male superiority over women by maintaining power in male the male body and excluding women from creativity and eroticism. I then compare the Western conception of the Androgyne to another literary and artistic figure, the Hermaphrodite, as depicted by Decadent artists …

The Role Of The 21st Century Women In The Development Of A Child’S Creative Prowess: Challenges Of Child Art, Adebayo Olaoluwakiitan, M.G. Ikuenomore

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

Developing the child’s creative prowess has become an indispensable venture in the course of a nation’s educational advancement programme. The Government may embark on laudable projects for the teaching/learning activities without achieving positive results if basic fundamental principles are neglected. The basic foundation of any country’s educational system start from Early Childhood education. This stage according to NPE 2004, that is why the government deem it fit to embark on early education for every child. While Policy Makers in Nigeria have seen education as the ‘magic wand’ to solving the diversified problems of mankind, it is obvious that Art and …

Gendered Leadership Dynamics And Rural Community Development In Nigeria: The Case Study Of Iyaloja And Lyalaje Women Leaders In Ekiti State, Gadebo

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

Rural areas are usually referred to as small, inward-looking, and idyllic communities held together by kinship relations and supporting basic agricultural occupations (Ekong, 2003). The characteristic features that differentiate rural from urban areas include: size, particularly areas inhabited by the people, low population density, homogeneity, presence of few social classes, low standard of living, presence of few / no social amenities such as electricity, pipe-borne water, low social mobility, mainly agrarian in nature – producing the bulk of food consumed in urban areas and the attendant drifting of young able-men to cities in order to benefit from the urban resources …

A Comparison Of Leadership Styles And Gender Role Internalization Among Female Managers In The United States, Jennifer Young, Barbara Beauchamp, Susan Jackson-Dowd, Karen Dunnagan

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

The current research study examined the relationship between gender role internalization and transformational and transactional leadership style in female managers. This researcher intended to discover whether the internalization of messages that society presents about female behavior correlates with the adoption of transformational leadership by women in management positions. Specifically, the researcher wanted to find out whether there was a higher level of gender role internalization among female transformational leaders than in female transactional leaders.

Gender, Academic Qualification And Subject Discipline Differentials Of Nigerian Teachers’ Ict Literacy, Alaba Agbatogun

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

The world is seemingly experiencing a third wave of social and technological transformation as the society is becoming more oriented to the Information and Communication Technology (ICT). ICT is one of the various factors that are drastically influencing occupational success especially in the educational sector. Adamu (2004) sees ICT as a set of technological tools and resources used to communicate and create, disseminate, to store and manage information. The information dissemination is easily possible through computer technologies. Markauskaite (2006) opines that the introduction of computer technology into teaching and learning is a giant stride towards improving the quality of education. …