Digital Commons Network^™

My Journey To Develop An Innovative Approach To Unplanned Pregnancy, Gina Dillon Podolsky

Critical and Creative Thinking Capstones Collection

This paper is my personal journey in developing the non-profit Pennies for Pause that addresses the issue of unplanned pregnancy in the 18-29 populations through the use of incentives, social media, long-acting reversible contraception and the development of critical and creative thinking skills. The paper begins with an insight into my family, how my own thinking skills developed informally throughout my life, and how my personal experiences lead to the development of the 501 (c)(3) organization Pennies for Pause. It also provides insight into my casual observations that I used to create theories, which I then researched, S.C.A.M.P.E.R.E.D, and then …

An Enlarging Influence: Women Of New Orleans, Julia Ward Howe, And The Woman's Department At The Cotton Centennial Exposition, 1884-1885, Miki Pfeffer

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the first Woman's Department at a World's Fair in the Deep South. It documents conflicts and reconciliations and the reassessments that post-bellum women made during the World's Industrial and Cotton Centennial Exposition in New Orleans, the region's foremost but atypical city. It traces local women's resistance to the appointment of northern abolitionist and suffragist, Julia Ward Howe, for this “New South” event of 1884-1885. It also notes their increasing receptivity to national causes that Susan B. Anthony, Frances E. Willard, and others brought to the South, sometimes for the first time. This dissertation assesses the historical forces …

A Methodology For Building Culture And Gender Norms Into Intervention: An Example From Mumbai, India, Kristin M. Kostick,, Stephen L. Schensul, Pertti Pelto

UCHC Articles - Research

This paper responds to the call for culturally relevant intervention research by introducing a methodology for identifying community norms and resources in order to more effectively implement sustainable interventions strategies. Results of an analysis of community norms, specifically attitudes toward gender equity, are presented from an HIV/STI research and intervention project in a low income community in Mumbai, India (2008–2012). Community gender norms were explored because of their relevance to sexual risk in settings characterized by high levels of gender inequity. This paper recommends approaches that interventionists and social scientists can take to incorporate cultural insights into formative assessments and …

Machismo And The Glass Ceiling: A Comparative Cultural Study On The Role Of Gender In The Presidential Elections Of Hillary Clinton And Michelle Bachelet, Kayla Woodring

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

During her bid for president, Hillary Clinton was often questioned about allegations of sexism in media coverage surrounding her campaign. She once responded: "It's been deeply offensive to millions of women. I believe this campaign has been a groundbreaker in a lot of ways. But it certainly has been challenging given some of the attitudes in the press.” Were media mentalities and reporting really as biased toward Clinton’s gender as has been asserted? This study seeks to answer not only that question, but also to determine whether such bias is unique to a female presidential candidate in the United States. …

Invisible Woman : A Case Study On Black Women's Experiences In Graduate Degree Programs In Central Kentucky., Ciara Nicole Pierce

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Using black feminist perspective and standpoint this study explored factors that affect black women's matriculation and retention in graduate degree programs by examining how experiences and opportunities connected to race, class, and gender inform their decision to pursue and persist through graduate education. Specifically the study sought to investigate how the outlined factors affect the decision to pursue and matriculate through a graduate degree program. Those factors include: (1) educational preparedness, aspirations, and attitudes; (2) economic opportunities and restraints; (3) family obligations and expectations; (4) networks and mentoring; (5) and perceptions of usefulness. Data was collected by way of qualitative …

I Don't: A Study Of Marriage, Ethnicity, And Citizenship In Ethnic Women's Writing, Shannon Mcmahon

Department of English: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

For the 19^th and well into the 20^th century, marriage was the most formative institution that defined women’s civic presence in the American community.  Nancy Cott’s Public Vows provides crucial context for my study.  Cott shows how marriage not only implied a structure for private life but also participated in public order, namely the wife’s civic status was subsumed by the status of her husband.  An unmarried woman’s civic identity was ambiguous absent a husband who could represent her in the public sphere.  For ethnic women, marriage did not guarantee access to the benefits and protections of U.S. …

The Name Of The Sandwich Itself., Amanda Lee Phillips

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The poems in this collection seek to explore and highlight connections between the familiar domestic realm (often seen in depictions of food preparation and consumption, social events, or material possessions) and shifting, sometimes ambiguous relationships between people. Gender, in particular, is examined, exaggerated, and/or de constructed to underscore the author's ongoing interest in the ways in which expected male and female roles are constructed and performed within personal interactions. The poems here exhibit a variety of different tones, ranging from darkly comic to contemplative, from joyous to solemn. The author believes it possible for poems to possess both comedic and …

Listeners' Ability To Identify The Gender Of Preadolescent Children Across Multiple Linguistic Contexts, Sharalee Ann Blunck

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine whether 20 listeners could identify the gender of 10 preadolescent children from speech samples. An additional aim was to evaluate whether listeners identified children more accurately when listening to speech samples when more linguistic context was available. The listeners were presented with a total of 190 speech samples in four different categories of linguistic context: segments, words, sentences, and discourse. The listeners were instructed to listen to each speech sample and decide whether the speaker was a male or female. In addition, the listeners were instructed to rate their level of confidence …

Gender Differences In Career Satisfaction Among Postsecondary Faculty In Stem Disciplines, Cynthia L. Martin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

While years of effort to attract more women into higher education careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (collectively known as STEM disciplines) has shown some success, retaining women faculty once they are hired has been much less successful. Their retention is essential in order to maintain diversity among faculty. Understanding the complex factors affecting faculty career satisfaction and, ultimately, their retention at a particular institution and in higher education is needed to guide policies and practices as academic instituions strive to retain highly qualified professors and maintain diversity at all ranks. This study explored salient factors related to faculty …

Brazen (Spring 2011), Hollins University

Brazen - Gender & Women's Studies Department Newsletters

No abstract provided.

A Qualitative Study To Explore The Low Number Of Women In Information Technology In The United States, William Baker

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

The number of women in Information Technology in the United States has historically been lower than the number of men in the field. This study explores the reasons behind this disparity and recommends steps that can be taken to increase the number of women in the field. This qualitative study examines why women are not attracted to the Information Technology field and examines reasons why women leave the field. Surveys were conducted with two populations, (1) women who currently work in Information Technology and (2) Information Technology recruiters. The results of these surveys were analyzed to see if there were …

Gender Inequalities In The Training Of Teachers At Tai Solarin University Of Education In Ogun State Of Nigeria, K.O. Odunaike, M.B. Amoda, A. Arigbabu

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

The presence of women in leadership roles at the secondary school level and above contributes to sensitivity within schools for the well-being of adolescent girls and provides girls beginning to consider career choices with role models of women decision-makers and leaders. It is also imperative that women be actively involved in leading educational change given the vital role that the educational system of a country plays in both national development and the development of a gender equal society for women to be active participants in the change and development process. They must be equipped and be provided with necessary skills …

Dynamism Of Fashion Among Female Undergraduates And Its Effects In The Sight Of Beholders In A University Of Education, Nigeria.

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

Many definitions have been resorted to by synthesis of literature in trying to arrive at the word fashion. Jeanette and others define fashion as ‘a continuous process of change in style of dress that is acceptable and followed by large segment of the public at any particular time’, Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary, defines fashion as ‘the prevailing style during a particular time’. Paul Nystran, an economics Professor who was the first to apply economics to fashion, defined fashion as ‘Nothing more or less than the prevailing style at any given time’.

Effects Of Gender And Parenting Styles On The Acquisition Of Democratic Values By Nigerian Youths In Secondary Schools, Alade Abiodun

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

It is obvious that every level of education is expected to empower learners with adequate knowledge, attitude and skills relevant to build the society. This informed policy makers to formulate educational goals and values that can mould individuals towards such empowerment for effective life in the pluralistic society. Thus, education as an instrument per excellence for national development identified by the National Policy on Education (2004, revised) fosters the building of: (i) A free and democratic society; (ii) A just and egalitarian society; (iii) A united, strong and self-reliant nation; (iv) A great and dynamic economy and (v) A land …

Age And Sex Differences In Information Utilization Among Legislators In Benue State Of Nigeria, Demekaa Umbur, Anthony Igbashal

Academic Leadership: The Online Journal (2003-2012)

The objective of the study is to determine the differences of legislators’ age and sex on their information utilization.

Getting The Girls To School: The Community Schools Project In Gilgit-Baltistan Of Pakistan, Mola Dad Shafa

Professional Development Centre, Gilgit

This paper reviews a ten-year, two-phase educational project that, amongst its main aims, attempted to increase significantly the enrolment of girls in schools. After discussing the constraints on the lives of females in the region, the paper analyses the effects of the project on enrolment. Although girls’ enrolment doubled, a large proportion of girls remained out of school and the drop-out rate of girls was significantly higher than that of boys. The paper examines the reasons for these trends and suggests that, contrary to some expectations, many parents are willing to send their girls to school, but only under strictly …

On Race, Gender, And Radical Tort Reform: A Review Of Martha Chamallas & Jennifer B. Wriggins, The Measure Of Injury: Race, Gender, And Tort Law, Vincent R. Johnson

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

No abstract provided.

How Marriage Became Optional: Cohabitation, Gender, And The Emerging Functional Norms, J. Herbie Difonzo

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

In 1960, two-thirds (68%) of all Americans in their twenties were married. But by 2008, just over one-quarter of twenty-somethings (26%) were wed. According to the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey, married-couple family households constituted only 49.7% of all households in 2009. The Census Bureau reported in 2009 that 96.6 million Americans eighteen and older were unmarried, a group comprising 43% of all U.S. residents eighteen and older. Children’s living arrangements have also undergone substantial change. In the past generation, the percentage of children in the United States who live with two married parents has markedly declined. Although our culture …

The Link Between Gender And Depression In Young Adults Providing Care For Older Family Members, Mark C. Gillen, Catherine Roland

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This study focused on the level of depression in young adult caregivers (age 18-40) relative to gender, employment, health and relationships. Previous research found significant relationship between gender and depression. In this study, gender was found to be a contributing factor in depression among young adult caregivers; however, not a significant factor. This information may lead to broader ways of thinking about caregiving by counselors and individuals working with older adults.

Intersex And Imago: Sex, Gender, And Sexuality In Postmodern Theological Anthropology, Megan K. Defranza

Dissertations (1934 -)

Christian theologians regularly assume a binary model of human sex differentiation based on the creation narratives found in Genesis. Recent work in theological anthropology has grounded theological concepts such as the social view of the image of God, human personhood, and human relationality on the creation of humans as male and female in heterosexual marital relation. While these anthropologies have merit--particularly in correcting older versions of the imago Dei which privileged the male-- they are inadequate for addressing the phenomena of intersex.

Intersex is a broad term used for persons whose bodies display some physical characteristics of both sexes--historically labeled …

Protective Behavioral Strategies Mediate The Effect Of Drinking Motives On Alcohol Use Among Heavy Drinking College Students: Gender And Race Differences, Joseph W. Labrie, Andrew Lac, Shannon R. Kenney, Tehniat Mirza

Heads Up!

Objective

This study examined the extent to which protective behavioral strategies (PBS) mediated the influence of drinking motives on alcohol consumption, and if these hypothesized relationships were corroborated across subsamples of gender and race.

Method

Online surveys were completed by 1592 heavy drinking college undergraduates from two universities (49.9% male and 50.1% female; 76.9% Caucasian and 23.1% Asian). Independent samples t-tests compared males and females as well as Caucasians and Asians on measures of drinking motives, PBS use, and alcohol consumption, and structural equation models examined the mediating role of PBS.

Results

Consistent with predictions, t-tests revealed that males reported …

Talking Masturbation: Men, Women, And Sexuality Through Playful Discourse, Geoffrey Evans-Grimm

Honors Projects

This study seeks to understand the relationship between talking about masturbation and masturbation as an everyday practice in the United States. This essay is arranged in terms of a number of overlapping sections that converge to offer a clearer interpretive context for a discussion of the results of the questionnaire and interview data. The first part of my essay is an attempt to make sense of the cultural history and to situate conceptions about masturbation and attempts to regulate it up to present day. Then, as a gendered talk, it is necessary to engage in a theoretical discussion of gender …

Real Men Can Dance, But Not In That Costume: Latter-Day Saints' Perception Of Gender Roles Portrayed On Dancing With The Stars, Karson B. Denney

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis attempts to better understand gender roles portrayed in the media. By using Stuart Hall's theory of audience reception (Hall, 1980) the researcher looks into dance and gender in the media to indicate whether or not LDS participants believe stereotypical gender roles are portrayed on Dancing with the Stars." Through four focus groups containing a total of 30 participants, the researcher analyzed costuming, choreography, and judges' comments through the viewer's eyes. From participant responses, the conclusion was made that audience members do perceive stereotypical gender roles on "Dancing with the Stars." Participants felt that costuming was the biggest indicator …

The Faith And Rationality Of Dalit Christian Experience, Mathew N. Schmalz

Religious Studies Faculty Scholarship

A reflection on the John Paul II’s encyclical Fides et Ratio in connection to Dalit (Untouchable) Catholic and Christian experience in India. The article focuses on the spirituality of a Dalit Christian woman and relates it to the debate between historicity and ahistoricity in the appreciation of faith, rationality, and spirituality. The article was published in Asian Horizons, a peer reviewed journal published by Dharmaram Vidya Kshetram in Bangalore, India

Women Not In The Kitchen: A Look At Gender Equality In The Restaurant Industry, Rosalie Platzer

History

No abstract provided.

Self-Esteem And Mastery Trajectories In High School By Social Class And Gender, Christina D. Falci

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Using longitudinal data from 769 white adolescents in the Midwest, this research applies a social structure and personality perspective to examine variation in self-esteem and mastery trajectories by gender and SES across the high school years. Analyses reveal that high SES adolescents experience significantly steeper gains in self-esteem and mastery compared to low SES adolescents, resulting in the reversal of SES differences in self-esteem and the emergence of significant SES differences in mastery. Pre-existing gender differences in self-esteem narrow between the 9^th and 12^th grade because self-esteem increases at a faster rate among girls than boys during high …

Palestinian Women’S Everyday Resistance: Between Normality And Normalisation, Sophie Richter-Devroe

Journal of International Women's Studies

The paper traces Palestinian women’s understandings, practices and framings of everyday resistance. Women’s resistance acts consist of both materially-based survival strategies and various coping strategies at the ideational level. Focusing on the latter, this study investigates women’s practices of travelling to create (a sense of) normal joyful life for themselves, their families, friends and community with the aim of shedding light upon the complex and mutually constitutive interplay between women’s agency and the various social and political power structures. It is argued that Palestinian women, although framing their acts of crossing Israeli-imposed physical restriction as acts of resistance against the …

Differences In Heart Disease Risk Perception And Actual Cardiac Risk In Men Vs. Women, Amanda K. Dietz, Steve Martin, Becky Braden, Thomas Meade, Kathy L. Hill, Stephen F. Crouse, John S. Green

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Differences in Heart Disease Risk Perception and Actual Cardiac Risk in Male vs. Female Cardiac Patients Amanda Dietz, Julie Borsack, Steve Martin, Kathy L. Hill, Thomas Meade, Stephen F. Crouse, FACSM, and John S. Green, FACSM Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (Sponsor: John S. Green, FACSM)

PURPOSE: To describe gender differences in both risk perception and actual coronary risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: 33 females and 67 males with documented CAD completed a questionnaire designed to assess CAD risk perception. They also underwent assessments for all ACSM risk factors. Five-point Likert scale responses to the …

Gender Related Differences In Stress And Health Outcomes In College Age Students, Michael Cedeno, Jennifer Blevins-Mcnaughton

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background and Purpose: Rates of obesity and metabolic disorders in young adults are becoming more prevalent in today’s society. To date, only a few investigators have compared the effect that stress may have on health and metabolic outcomes in college age adults. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between stress and cholesterol levels in male versus female college age students.

Methods: Thirty-six adults ages 20 to 27 participated in this study. Total blood cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, TC/HDL ratio, and glucose were measured one time using the Cholestech LDX® after either an overnight, or 4-hour fast. …

Is Law And Art Or A Science?: Comments On Objectivity, Feminism, And Power, Joan Williams

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.