Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Handedness And Gender On The Surface Area Of The Human Corpus Callosum: A Preliminary Study Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, James B. Pinkston

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Several studies have found differences in the human corpus callosum across gender and handedness (Aboitiz, Scheibel, Fisher, & Zaidel, 1992; Burke & Yeo, 1994; Cowell, eta!., 1993; de Lacoste-Utamsing & Holloway, 1982; Denenberg, eta!., 1991; Habib, eta!., 1991; Johnson & Bigler, eta!., 1994; Johnson & Farnworth, eta!., 1994; Laissy, et al .. 1993; Potter & Graves, 1988; Steinmetz, eta!., 1992; Witelson, 1989; Witelson, 1991; Witelson & Goldsmith, 1991). A myriad of others claim that these differences do not exist (Byne, eta!., 1988; Clarke, Kraftsik, VanDer Laos, & Innocenti, 1989; Hines, eta!., 1992; Kertesz, Polk, Howell, & Black, 1987; Laissy, et …

Pay Inequity: A Comparative Analysis Of Pay Inequality In The United States By Selected Correlates, Roger Klomegah, Nikelle Fleming

The Journal of Public and Professional Sociology

This study examined the socio-demographic associates of income inequality within the context of human capital and wage discrimination theories. General Social Survey (GSS) data set (2010), comprising a sample size of 2044 respondents were utilized in analysis. Income categories (low and high) were regressed on predictive variables: gender, racial categories (White, Black, and Other), education, type of occupation, U.S. citizenship status, age, and work experience. The results show that gender, education, U.S. citizenship status, age, and work experience were significant predictors of the likelihood of a respondent belonging to a low or high income group. It is suggested that future …

Advancing Research On Women And Leadership: Developing An Hrd Scholarly Agenda, Susan R. Madsen, Julia Storberg-Walker, Kristina Natt Och Dag

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Clearly, the topic of developing leaders is of utmost importance in all contexts and it is particularly important for the HRD discipline: over 1,400 journal articles in AHRD journals have the word ‘leadership’ as one of their subject terms.¹ Almost monthly the front cover of the Harvard Business Review has ‘leadership’ boldly displayed, either as the main article or as a supporting news brief. Scholarly research abounds, and there are many leadership frameworks, models, and theories contributing to the quantity of research articles. Unfortunately, however, the diversity of ideas and the explosion of interest has generally not focused on …

The Impact And Effectiveness Of Student-Centered Classroom Structure, Amie P. Westberg

Mathematics Graduate Theses

The purpose of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of student-centered learning as an alternative classroom structure. It is important that we continually reflect on our teaching methods and explore alternatives that can help give our students the best chance to succeed. While the literature is mixed with regard to which classroom style is best, there are many sources showing the benefits of student-centered instruction over a strictly teacher- centered classroom. Sources also showed that teachers do not need to choose exclusively one style of teaching, and that a blended classroom using a variety of teaching styles can be …

Identities, Intentionality And Institutional Fit: Perceptions Of Senior Women Administrators At Liberal Arts Colleges In The Upper Midwestern Usa, Kathryn A. E. Enke

Administration Publications

This qualitative study engaged women senior administrators at liberal arts colleges in the Upper Midwestern USA to better understand how their intersecting identities mediate their enacted leadership. Data were collected from eight participants via a questionnaire, document review, one-on-one interviews and observations. Positionality theory informed the study design and inquiry. Data analysis using the constant comparative method revealed that women leaders' positionality is intentionally monitored and constantly negotiated in the liberal arts college context. Participants described that they had to be more intentional about revealing or displaying traits associated with those identities that did not fit their institutional environment. This …

Effects Of Storytelling In Advertising On Consumers` Empathy, Myung Jin Park, Doo Hee Lee

Asia Marketing Journal

Differentiated positioning becomes increasingly difficult when brand salience weakens. Also, the daily increase in new media use and information load has led to a social climate that regards advertising stimuli as spamming. For these reasons, the focus of advertisement-related communication is shifting from persuading consumers through the direct delivery of information to an emphasis on appealing to their emotions using matching stimuli to enhance persuasion effects. Recently, both academia and industry have increasingly shown an interest in storytelling methods that can generate positive emotional responses and attitude changes by arousing consumers` narrative processing. The purpose of storytelling is to elicit …

Within The Bonds Of Marriage: Gender And Aids, Kimberley Carter Campbell, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Past research on AIDS, has focused generally on high risk groups; such as homosexual men and intravenous drug users. In many of these studies the cultural and contextual facts concerning sexual interaction have been ignored (1). Few studies of AIDS have focused on heterosexual men and women and married couples. A recent announcement by the Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regarding the rise in the number of heterosexual AIDS cases, suggests a need for more research in this area. The CDC reported that as of 1993, 24% of bisexual men who died from AIDS were married. There is …

The Impact Of Gender, Ethnicity, School Setting, And Experience On Student Leadership: Does It Really Matter?, Barry Z. Posner

Management & Entrepreneurship

This research examined how gender, ethnicity, school setting, and experience influenced students' leadership practices. Significant differences were found in how student leaders behaved on the basis of these variables. However, further analyses suggested that these differences did not significantly influence the effectiveness of student leaders. That is, the most effective student leaders engaged in the five leadership practices more than the less effective leaders, regardless of gender, ethnicity, or school setting. The impact of these findings for both assessing student leaders as well as for developing their leadership capabilities is discussed, along with ideas for future studies.

A Symposium On Social Justice Feminism: Introduction, Emily Houh, Kristin (Brandser) Kalsem, Verna L. Williams

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

This special issue of the Freedom Center Journal, includes a set of truly diverse and interdisciplinary pieces, each individually interpreting and performing social justice feminism in original and unique ways. Collectively, these pieces demonstrate how SJF can be constructively employed across academic disciplines and through lived realities and, further, how SJF can be used to connect theory to our own individual and collective advocacy and activism.

Resilience, Transformation, And Gender: Distress Within Students At A Christian Evangelical University, Andrea C. Walker

College of Science and Engineering Faculty Research and Scholarship

Sex differences in distress variables are common, but recent research suggests exaggeration of these differences in conservative Christian environments due to polarized gender role expectations. Few studies have measured distress by relationship to deceased, and fewer still have considered both effects of relationship and whether the death was traumatic. Incorporation of coping tasks may assist in resilience and transformation following these types of losses. College students do not like to admit struggle or ask for help, so health variables may be better indicators of bereavement-related distress than self-report measures of dealing with grief. This study compares effects of sex, loss …

Gendered Paths To Formal And Informal Resources In Post-Disaster Development In The Ecuadorian Andes, Albert J. Faas, Eric Jones, Linda Whiteford, Graham Tobin, Arthur Murphy

Faculty Publications, Anthropology

The devastating eruptions of Mount Tungurahua in the Ecuadorian highlands in 1999 and 2006 left many communities struggling to rebuild their homes and others permanently displaced to settlements built by state and nongovernmental organizations. For several years afterward, households diversified their economic strategies to compensate for losses, communities organized to promote local development, and the state and nongovernmental organizations sponsored many economic recovery programs in the affected communities. Our study examined the ways in which gender and gender roles were associated with different levels and paths of access to scarce resources in these communities. Specifically, this article contrasts the experiences …

The Role Of Text Features In The Self-Selection Of Literary Genres By Second-Grade Students Within A Gender-Specific Context, Tawsha Stiltz

Education Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Hegemonic Masculinity And Misconceptions Of Gender And Mental Health In Violent Criminality, Mina Dailami

Honors Papers

The present research investigates how masculine dominance in the criminal justice system is upheld through misleading media representations of violent criminality in women as predicated upon masculine traits or mental illness and masculine Identity Protection Cognition (which demonstrates the how implicit social information influences an individual to make judgments in favor of protecting their own socially dominant group). Responses to an online survey of 413 participants demonstrated that overall participants assumed men to be more likely than women to engage in violent action, and violence in men was judged to be a function of power, whereas violence in women was …

Engendering Childhood: The Autobiographical Novel In Eighteenth-Century German Literature, Eckhard Rolz

School of American and Global Studies Faculty Publications with a Focus on Modern Languages and Global Studies

During the latter part of the 18th century two German authors in particular showed great interest in the topic of childhood and how childhood experiences shaped their lives. Heinrich Jung-Stilling finished his autobiographical novel Heinrich Stillings Childhood and Youth in 1777, and Karl Philipp Moritz authored Anton Reiserbetween 1785-1790. The purpose of these narratives was not spectacular action or passionate love stories but pure observation of a human being—with particular attention to small details. The texts examined present, often contrary to their stated aims, a persistent picture of a childhood in which family constellations produce children who lack a fixed …

Head Impact Exposure In Male And Female Collegiate Ice Hockey Players, Bethany J. Wilcox, Jonathan G. Beckwith, Richard M. Greenwald, Jeffrey J. Chu, Thomas W. Mcallister, Laura A. Flashman, Arthur C. Maerlender, Ann-Christine Duhaime, Joseph J. Crisco

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to quantify head impact exposure (frequency, location and magnitude of head impacts) for individual male and female collegiate ice hockey players and to investigate differences in exposure by sex, player position, session type, and team. Ninety-nine (41 male, 58 female) players were enrolled and 37,411 impacts were recorded over three seasons. Frequency of impacts varied significantly by sex (males: 287 per season, females: 170, p < 0.001) and helmet impact location (p < 0.001) but not by player position (p = 0.088). Head impact frequency also varied by session type; both male and female players sustained more impacts in games than in practices (p < 0.001), however the magnitude of impacts did not differ between session types. There was no difference in 95th percentile peak linear acceleration between sexes (males: 41.6 g, females: 40.8 g), but 95th percentile peak rotational acceleration and HITsp (a composite severity measure) were greater for males than females (4424, 3409 rad/s2, and 25.6, 22.3, respectively). Impacts to the back of the helmet resulted in the greatest 95th percentile peak linear accelerations for males (45.2 g) and females (50.4 g), while impacts to the side and back of the head were associated with the greatest 95th percentile peak rotational accelerations (males: 4719, 4256 rad/sec², females: 3567, 3784 rad/sec², respectively). It has been proposed that reducing an individual’s head impact exposure is a practical approach for reducing the risk of …

Decolonizing Higher Education: Black Feminism And The Intersectionality Of Race And Gender, Heidi Safia Mirza

Journal of Feminist Scholarship

Drawing on black feminist theory, this paper examines the professional experiences of postcolonial diasporic black and ethnicized female academics in higher education.1 The paper explores the embodiment of gendered and racialized difference and reflects on the power of whiteness to shape everyday experiences in such places of privilege. The powerful yet hidden histories of women of color in higher education, such as the Indian women suffragettes and Cornelia Sorabji in late nineteenth century, are symbolic of the erasure of an ethnicized black feminist/womanist presence in mainstream (white) educational establishments. The paper concludes that an understanding of black and ethnicized female …

The Queer Debt Crisis: How Queer Is Now?, Pamela L. Caughie

English: Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

Gendered Readings On The Winning Short Stories In Cebuano Of The Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards, Ma. Dolores L. Aday

CNU Journal of Higher Education

This study attempts to examine the notions of gender in the first prize winning short stories in Cebuano of the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards. These stories are discussed based on the social relations of men and women in the Cebuano society. The purpose of this study is to point out the dominant gender system as well as the role of women in the man- woman relationships in the societies projected in the stories. Further, it will also have to look into sexism in language as used in the narratives and conversations in the stories. The challenges to the dominant …

A Multi-Site, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Clinical Trial To Evaluate The Efficacy Of Buspirone As A Relapse-Prevention Treatment For Cocaine Dependence, Theresa M. Winhusen, Frankie Kropp, Robert Lindblad, Antoine Douaihy, Louise Haynes, Candace Hodgkins, Karen G. Chartier

Social Work Publications

Objective—To evaluate the potential efficacy of buspirone as a relapse-prevention treatment for cocaine dependence.

Method—A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 16-week pilot trial conducted at six clinical sites between August 2012 and June 2013. Adult crack cocaine users meeting DSM-IVTR criteria for current cocaine dependence scheduled to be in inpatient/residential substance use disorder (SUD) treatment for 12–19 days when randomized, and planning to enroll in local outpatient treatment through the end of the active treatment phase were randomized to buspirone titrated to 60 mg/day (n=35) or to placebo (n=27). All participants received psychosocial treatment as usually provided by the SUD treatment programs …

Exploring The Potential Of Using Explicit Reflective Instruction Through Contextualized And Decontextualized Approaches To Teach First-Grade African American Girls The Practices Of Science, Gayle A. Buck, Valarie L. Akerson, Cassie F. Quigley, Ingrid S. Weiland

Publications

Contemporary science education policy documents call for curriculum and pedagogy that lead to students’ active engagement, over multiple years of school, in scientific practices. This participatory action research study answered the question, “How can we successfully put twenty-three first-grade African American girls attending a gender school in an impoverished school district on the path to learning the practices of scientists”. The Young Children’s Views of Science (YCVOS) (Lederman, 2009) was used to interview these first-graders pre-, mid- and post-instruction during an instructional unit designed in response to many of the pedagogical strategies research has demonstrated to be effective in other …

Anger Problems And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Male And Female National Guard And Reserve Service Members, Miranda Worthen, Sujit Rathod, Gregory Cohen, Laura Sampson, Robert Ursano, Robert Gifford, Carol Fullerton, Sandra Galea, Jennifer Ahern

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Anger is a common problem among veterans and has been associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to improve understanding of how anger and PTSD co-occur by examining gender differences and differences by whether the triggering traumatic event is deployment-related vs. civilian-related in current service members. A representative cohort of Reserve and National Guard service personnel (n=1293) were interviewed to assess for deployment- or civilian-related traumas, PTSD, and anger. The prevalence of self-reported anger problems was estimated among male (n=1036) and female (n=257) service members. Log Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to estimate the …

Tradition Is Broken: Illegibility And Authorship In Elizabeth Bowen’S Interwar Courtship Novels, Taylor Welsh

Theses & ETDs

This thesis examines how two of Elizabeth Bowen’s 1930s novels explore changing conduct conventions through experimental narrative strategies. In To the North (1932) and The House in Paris (1934), Bowen presents baffling new social expectations for women in post-World War One Britain through tropes of legibility and authorship. Her heroines engage with unstable conduct codes and subvert formulaic courtship plots through motifs of textuality that involve “reading” and “writing” their social milieus. Following an introduction that outlines the unclear expectations wrought by rapidly evolving social, economic, and political roles for interwar women, the first chapter examines social legibility as a …

The Monster Within And Without: Identity Assignment And Construction In Slave Narratives And Horror Fiction, Chelsey Lucas

Theses & ETDs

This thesis presents an analysis of the relation between the human and the monster as it is used in nineteenth-century American slave narratives (Frederick Douglass, Harriet Jacobs) and British and American horror fiction (Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Glen Duncan’s Last Werewolf trilogy). I begin with Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (1818), asserting that Victor Frankenstein attempts to abject his own monstrousness through the creation of his monster. The creature tries to discover his nature in relation to human persons, and acquires language and literacy. Through this, he becomes a recognizable person despite his physical deformity, at least for the reader. He remains …

Political Embodiment In The Work Of Magrela; Challenging Power, Space, And Gender In São Paulo, Paula Bettina Garofalo

Theses & ETDs

Magrela (Carol Maciel) is an artist living and working out of São Paulo, Brazil. Her work addresses the female body, and all the political implications that the embodied subject holds. This thesis aims to explicate Magrela’s graffiti practice in relation to gendered inequality in São Paulo. I wish to emphasize Magrela’s multi-faceted approach to challenging gendered oppression through her representation of the female body in public spaces. Through the theoretical combination of abject imagery crossed with a phenomenological approach of feminist embodiment, I suggest how Magrela’s practice is a successful critique and challenge of patriarchal models. There are three main …

“Am I Still Lost?”: Cultivating Complex Identities And Subjectivity In 20th-Century Women's Writing On Madness, Molly Mccormick

Theses & ETDs

This thesis examines the role “madness” plays in the works of three contemporary female writers: Jean Rhys's Wide Sargasso Sea, Anne Sexton's To Bedlam and Part Way Back, and Hannah Weiner's Clairvoyant Journal. I argue against reading these texts in such a way that would oversimplify portrayals of female madness as mere “metaphor” or else medicalizes them to the extent that text can be read as a symptom. I point to ways the three texts specifically address and resist such limiting readings in order to reclaim and maintain voice and control over experience. Insisting on the power of voice and …

Gender Mainstreaming In Journalism Education, Margaretha Geertsema-Sligh

Scholarship and Professional Work - Communication

In a time of swift technological changes in the news media, much of journalism education is focused on preparing students for careers in a new media landscape instead of focusing on gender or other diversity issues. For example, Pavlik (2013, p.213) argued in a recent article that a curriculum that ‘emphasized innovation and digital media entrepreneurship is one of the keys to a robust professional future for the field and students seeking a media career’. Even so, Pavlik (2013, p.217) recognised that most programmes in media education are holding on to an outdated professional model of journalism and mass communication, …

To Stay Or Leave? A Plan For Using Phenomenology To Explore Gender And The Role Of Experiential Learning In Engineering, Shannon Chance, Brian Bowe

Conference papers

No abstract provided.

Exercise Can Improve Physical Self Perceptions In Adolescents With Low Motor Competence, Fleur Mcintyre, Paola Chivers, Elizabeth Rose, Beth Hands

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Adolescents with low motor competence have diminished perceptions of their physical self and tend to avoid physical activities. This study examined the outcomes of an exercise intervention that focused on improving aerobic fitness, strength, and self-perceptions in the physical domain in adolescents with poor motor coordination. The sample included 35 adolescents with low motor competence, comprising boys (n = 25) and girls (n = 10) ranging in age from 13 to 17 years, who attended two sessions per week in the 13 week exercise intervention study (AMP it up). Physical self-perceptions were measured before and after the intervention …

Women’S Perception And Attitude Towards Male Dominancy And Controlling Behaviors, Tazeen S. Ali, Noureen Karamali, Omer Malik

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Introduction/Background: The study was conducted in urban Karachi, Pakistan to investigate women’s perceptions and attitudes towards male dominancy, female autonomy, and controlling behavior of husbands.
Method: This was investigated in a population based study with a cross-sectional design, involving married women aged 25 to 60 years. A Structured questionnaire developed by World Health Organisation (WHO) on violence was used. Community midwives interviewed these married women living in pre-selected low, middle and upper socio-economic areas of urban Karachi, Pakistan.
Findings: This study revealed women’s overall perception regarding male dominancy and controlling behavior and highlighted this attitude, as being …

Spectacles Of Reform: Theater And Activism In Nineteenth-Century America By Amy E. Hughes (Review), Jocelyn Buckner

Theatre Faculty Articles and Research

In Spectacles of Reform Amy Hughes advocates for “spectacle as methodology” (4), a means of interpreting spectacle in nineteenth-century melodrama, as well as a wide variety of other media, that rehearses and reforms concepts of citizenship and identity related to race, class, gender, and morality. Through this lens, Hughes seeks to answer the questions “where and how do activist spectacles appear before and beyond the theatrical encounter?” and “why is spectacle kept alive through reinvention, revision, and repetition long after the drama is over?” (5). Hughes traces her theory of the spectacular instant through three popular sensation themes of the …