Digital Commons Network^™

Race & Gender Changes In Air Traffic Controller Selection, Hiring, Attrition & Success 1940-2015, Austin Kinley

Research Papers

The purpose of this research paper is to examine whether more applicants from underrepresented groups were hired after changes in the air traffic controller selection. More specifically, did the ethnic and gender makeup of the controller workforce change after the elimination of the Air Traffic Collegiate Training program (AT-CTI). I begin my research paper with a literature review of the air traffic controller selection and hiring processes from 1940 to 2015. I then evaluated the most recent change in the selection and hiring process using Department of Transportation and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) data from 2005-2015. I found the diversity …

Gender As A Socially Constructed Phenomenon, Jamie Smith

SEWSA 2016 Intersectionality in the New Millennium: An Assessment of Culture, Power, and Society

In the historical and social landscape that currently exists in America, the concept of gender, and especially the concept of women, has been created and enforced through societal expectations. From essentialism in the past, social and psychological theory has evolved to consider the social impact on gender construction. Foucault’s prison theory, Berger’s theory of surveying, and Mulvey’s theory of the Male Gaze can be used to show that gender, though it used to be viewed as inherent to a person’s identity, is actually a process of social conditioning. Women are shaped by society but continue to follow their roles because …

Revealing Gender Bias: An Experiential Exercise, Linda M. Dunn-Jensen, Scott Jensen, Mikelle A. Calhoun, Katherine C. Ryan

Organization Management Journal

Stereotyping and biases continue to be a problem in many facets of society. Understanding how biases may affect recruitment and retention of employees has become a priority issue for companies, not only from an image perspective but also from a firm performance perspective, since both research and industry experience have shown that diverse teams generate better results. The need to address these issues, particularly with students who will become leaders in organizations, remains a priority in business education. In this article, we present an experiential activity that management instructors can use to help students understand and appreciate the reality and …

An Analysis Of Diversity In Nonhuman Animal Rights Media, Corey Lee Wrenn

Diversity and Social Movements Collection

Lack of diversity in the ranks as well as a failure to resonate with disadvantaged groups and other anti-oppression movements has been cited as one important barrier to the American Nonhuman Animal rights movement’s success (Kymlicka and Donaldson 2013). It is possible that social movements are actively inhibiting diversity in the ranks and audience by producing literature that reflects a narrow activist identity. This article creates a platform from which these larger issues can be explored by investigating the actual demographic representations present in a small sample of popular media sources produced by the movement for other animals. A content …

Transgressing Gender Normativity Through Gender Identity Development: Exploring Transgender, Non-Conforming, And Non-Binary Identities Of College Students, Enrique Tejada Iii

Department of Educational Administration: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This study situates current gender social constructions as harmful, inhibitive, and problematic, especially for those that transgress gender boundaries and do not align with their gender assigned at birth. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to critically challenge and deconstruct the social construct of gender and its norms both within and outside of a college campus. This study works to achieve this purpose and answer research questions through careful analysis of the different gender journeys of three separate gender-diverse individuals. These participants’ stories are shared in a case-study format to recognize how each individual uniquely and personally formed their …

It Wants To Get Inside Of You: Interrogating Representations Of Women In Possession Films, Ellena R. Sweet

Pell Scholars and Senior Theses

As a genre that serves to unnerve its viewers, horror often operates outside of the formal codes and narrative tropes of mainstream cinema, making it conducive to portrayals that transcend societal constructs of race, class, and gender. While numerous scholars argue that horror films offer progressive depictions of masculinity and femininity, some accuse them of perpetuating a patriarchal form by disempowering, objectifying, and punishing female characters. This thesis employed textual analysis to scrutinize depictions of femininity and its association with supernatural victimization in The Exorcist and The Conjuring by examining representational choices in the context of the films cultural and …

The Gossamer Years: Gender, Religion And Aesthetics In Heian Japan, Caitlyn Floyd Geiger, Rodellen Mae Largo, John Hendrix, Fred Smithberg

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

About the authors :

Caitlyn is a senior History major at Armstrong State University and will graduate with her B.A. in December of 2016. Her main interests in the field are military history and archaeological studies. Upon completion of her degree, Caitlyn hopes to use the knowledge and skills she has gained to further her career as a fiction writer. Rodellen, a Philippine native, is a senior majoring in Cell/Molecular Biology. She plans on going to a medical school to pursue a career in Cardiology. John is junior and he hopes to graduate with a bachelor’s degree in Liberal Studies. …

The Ghosts Of Infertility: Haunted By The Realities Of Reproductive Death, Amanda E. Garrison Phd

The Journal of Public and Professional Sociology

The use of graphics in academic research is a relatively underexplored and underutilized medium through which social science researcher s can communicate and share the knowledge they’ve acquired with larger audiences. The graphic article attempts to disseminate the findings of sociological research to non-academic audiences in an effort to make more public and more accessible the information intended to help regular people in everyday life. This article will use autoethnography in addition to critical discourse analysis to expose the connections between the ways in which female-bodied people experience psycho-medical discourses in everyday interaction, and in more institutionalized settings (i.e. doctor’s …

Unpacking Empowerment Discourse Within A Women's Reentry Organization, Amanda Nicole Miller

Theses and Dissertations

Through ethnographic research with a small organization, Jareth, that helps women transition from prison to the community, this work unpacks discourses of empowerment within reentry organizations. I argue that Jareth’s empowerment discourse works on a pragmatic level to help women become employed but it does not work well to completely meet the needs of women offenders because businesses do not want to employ former prisoners and because the general public thinks that prison can meet all of women's needs. I also argue that empowerment defines 'power' and dependence' in particular ways - through appropriate and inappropriate forms of power and …

Jack's Brain, Jill's Brain: Why Gender Differences Matter, Shauna F. King

National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference

This workshop introduces participants to the rapidly emerging research on how the brains of females and males are developmentally, structurally and functionally different. Based on these differences, participants will learn academic approaches customized to the distinctly different learning styles of girls and boys.

Introduction: Global Perspectives On Marriage, Crisis, And Nation. Domestic Tensions, National Anxieties: Global Perspectives On Marriage, Crisis, And Nation, Hanan Kholoussy, Kristin Celello

Faculty Book Chapters

The introduction argues that studying marriage in times of crisis provides an important lens onto the relationship between the institution and the nation. It explores the metaphorical links between marriage and the nation and the concrete ways in which the modern state has intervened in the private, marital lives of its citizens. The introduction highlights key points of comparison, notably gender, the tension between modernity and tradition, and the line between public and private. It explains why the modern period is a particularly eventful era to examine due to the rise of the modern nation-state, the peak of anticolonial struggles …

'What On Earth Is She Drinking?' Doing Femininity Through Drink Choice On The Girls' Night Out, Emily Nicholls

Journal of International Women's Studies

In a supposed “post-feminist” society of gender equality, engagement with contemporary spaces such as the Night Time Economy (NTE) may offer young women positive opportunities to redefine femininities through leisure activities and alcohol consumption. Whilst the NTE is depicted as an increasingly “feminised” space where women’s drinking is normalised and expected, this essay will demonstrate some of the ways in which alcohol consumption remains highly gendered and women continue to be expected to buy into normative femininity through their beverage choice by looking at a specific mode of engagement with the NTE - the “girl’s night out”. Drawing on the …

Information Seeking Anxiety: Effects Of Gender, Level Of Study And Age, Mohammadamin Erfanmanesh

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study examined the effects of gender, level of study and age on various dimensions of the information seeking anxiety construct among postgraduate students at a research-intensive university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The 38-item Information Seeking Anxiety Scale was tested on three hundred and seventy-five (n=375) postgraduate students drawn from a population of eleven thousand (11000) students using stratified random sampling method. Gender, level of study and age were found to be antecedents of the information seeking construct using a series of independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson product moment correlation coefficient tests. Conversely, the test for …

The Ph.D. Rises In American Law Schools, 1960-2011: What Does It Mean For Legal Education?, Justin Mccrary, Joy Milligan, James Phillips

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Losing It: The Construction And Stigmatization Of Obesity On Reality Television In The United States, Alisa Roost

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Discrimination, Racial/Ethnic Identity, And Substance Use Among Latina/Os: Are They Gendered?, Kristine M. Molina, Benita Jackson, Noemi Rivera-Olmedo

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background—Prior research suggests that stronger racial/ethnic identification offsets negative effects of discrimination on substance use. Yet research in this area and on whether gender modifies this association is limited for Latina/os.

Purpose—The purpose of the present study is to examine whether different sources of discrimination (everydayand racial/ethnic) are associated with substance use (alcohol use disorder, smoking), if racial/ethnic identity buffers this association, and the potential moderating role of gender among these variables.

Methods—We present cross-sectional, US population-based data from the Latina/o adult sample (1427 females and 1127 males) of the National Latino and Asian American Study. Respondents completed self-reported measures …

Information Anxiety And Information Overload Of Undergraduates In Two Universities In South-West Nigeria, Olufemi J. Ojo Mr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Information anxiety and information overload have no single generally accepted definition and term. They are all state based academic anxiety that serve as a barrier to the use of information particularly by students. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the influence of age and gender on information anxiety as well as information overload by undergraduates in University of Ibadan and Tai-Solarin University of Education in South-West Nigeria. The study population were 193 undergraduates in four faculties similar to both universities sampled using purposive and stratified random sampling technique with proportionate to sample while six hypotheses were formulated and …

The Implications Of Doing Gender In The Digital Dating World, Brianna May Badili

Communication & Leadership Dissertations and Theses

This study investigates digital dating and how men and women function within the phenomena in terms of gendered communication. The theory of semiotics, as described by CK Ogden and Roland Barthes, was used as a frame to analyze photographs, text, and actions among men and women particularly on the application Tinder to understand the construction of gender within a digital dating world. Original research was conducted using 15 participants, 11 female and 4 male, with 15-50 minute interviews, investigating their experiences with symbols and exploring gendered communication and symbols that perpetuate ideas about gender roles within dating in online settings. …

Anchors, Habitus, And Practices Besieged By War: Women And Gender In The Blockade Of Leningrad, Jeffrey K. Hass

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

As war challenges survival and social relations, how do actors alter and adapt dispositions and practices? To explore this question, I investigate women's perceptions of normal relations, practices, status, and gendered self in an intense situation of wartime survival, the Blockade of Leningrad (1941–1944), an 872-day ordeal that demographically feminized the city. Using Blockade diaries for data on everyday life, perceptions, and practices, I show how women's gendered skills and habits of breadseeking and caregiving (finding scarce resources and providing aid) were key to survival and helped elevate their sense of status. Yet this did not entice rethinking “gender.” To …

Examining Gender Specific Treatment Programs In Women's Prisons, Marieta Ilieva-Petkova

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The female offender population has been the fastest growing segment of the correctional population. Historically, victimization and trauma are highly correlated with substance abuse and dependency that are known to have a significant impact on females' pathway toward criminal lifestyle, incarceration, relapse, and recidivism. Due to feminists' research, today we know that females offenders' pathways toward substance abuse, criminal behavior, and recidivism differ from those of males. As a result, a discussion about the development and implementation of gender-specific substance abuse treatment programs has been initiated. The purpose of this study is to discover if research recommendations proposed, have been …

Rap Music Literacy: A Case Study Of Millennial Audience Reception To Rap Lyrics Depicting Independent Women, Mia Moody-Ramirez, Lakia M. Scott

Journal of Media Literacy Education

Using a feminist lens and a constructivist approach as the theoretical framework, we used rap lyrics and videos to help college students explore mass media’s representation of the “independent” Black woman and the concept of “independence” in general. Students must be able to formulate their own concept of independence to counteract the messages and stereotypes they receive in popular culture through advertisements, film, print and music. The authors found that independence is situationally defined and it is a complex concept that is differentiated in consideration of age, race, and gender. Participants noted that rap music has the potential to influence …

When Men Are Sexually Harassed: A Foundation For Studying Men’S Experiences As Targets Of Sexual Harassment, Leland Spencer, Joshua Trey Barnett

Speaker & Gavel

While much scholarly attention has been given to sexual harassment, scholarship about men’s experiences as targets of sexual harassment has been limited. This essay is a review of the literature about men’s experiences of sexual harassment; it explores the operational definitions and sources of sexual harassment, the inadequacy of the instruments used to study sexual harassment, and the implications of this research for organizations and the field of communication studies. It also examines sexual harassment at the intersections of gender and sexual orientation, finding that there are apparent differences in incidences that feature diversity in these areas. This review concludes …

2016 Research & Innovation Day Program, Robin Painter, Carly Vignault, Teresa Fisher, Taylor Graham, Jenny Rensby, Ashley Sherry, Kelly Maloney, Allison Speck, Victoria Beardshaw, Megan Loucks, Michelle Giffin, Amal Muselmani, Cassandra Melon, Erin Tulett, Candice Thomas, Megan Taylor, Marissa Macdonald, Kayla Bailey, Kate Sadler, Jessica Wilkins, Allyson Richter, Taylor Myers, Jessica Bouchard, Kristina Pepe, Haylee Siddall, Alyssa Churchill, Maureen Cullen, Anthony Currie, Jaimie Cameron, Kevin Co, Mary Alias, Marguerite Mayr, Christian Mclean, Kelsey Fischer, Paryank Dave, Todd Young, Rick Martin, Bronwyn Johns, Catherine Mallinger, Jessica Yassine, Victoria Ngo, Kristen Clendinning, Amy Mcmillan, Dominique Ste. Croix, Pooja Relekar, Krittika Sarkar, Feyisayo Olakanye, Onyekachukwo Okonji, Samiksha Puppalwar, Kajal Patel, Jayeshbhai Parkhiya, Alexander Ware, Victoria Rodrigues, Meghan Bondy, Alana Vandelaar, Richard Cliffen, Adam Desjardins, Brittany Usher, Anthony Valle, Jessica Cutting, Vimoshana Vijayakumar, Anthony Yip Chuck, Ashley Bilyea, Karlie Cooper, Sarah Broadfoot, Russell Vey, Andrew Ross, Jesse Bourret-Gheysen, Cole Drake, Kaitlynn Rawson, Candice Etmanskie, Allan Humphrey, Elliott Law, Julia Bowering, Deion Farrington, Ryan Figueiredo, Romik Vadhvana, Amol Pai, Aisling Laverty, Ryan Chin, Johanna Garzon, Linnea Smith, Ronak Zareardalan, Cassandra Marks, Sarah Dykstra, Jonathan Ferreira, Joshua Zeledon, Kevin Greenspan-Praktik, Nicholas Ireland, Caitlin Lam, Matthew Walcher, Jessica Pesant-Simpson, Chris Robins, Serena Teng, Asha Ramji, Melissa Lambert, Alex Stegmann, Jamie Louwagie, Zachary Alexander Klassen, William Johnston, Jacqueline Payne, Phil Waldie, Brendan Dunn, Paige Mason, Mike Vandenbrink, Kelly Donovan, Craig Docking, Jordan Mcdonald, Jesse Milley, Cameron Kok, Nick Hollinger, Nolan Leclerc, Ken Mcdonald, Sarah Benbow, Cheryl Forchuk, Carolyne Gorlick, Helene Berman, Catherine Ward-Griffin, Natalia Aguillon, Helen Harrison, John Bennett, Robert Haaf, Jodi Hall, Karen Jenkins, Holly Weaver, Billy Jones, Julie Baumann, Debbie Rudman, Lorie Donelle, Karen O'Brien, Katie Sudnicka, Seyed Goosheh, Mona Khadelwal, Annette Woloszyn, Peter Sturm, Lori Ranieri, Karen Katsademas, Matt Farrell, Sam Roodi, Kim Cechetto, Sheryl Third, Mike Sloan, Brad Smith, Pat Bethune-Davies, Karen Jenkins, Sarah Benbow

Centre for Research and Innovation Publications

A one day showcase of applied research, social innovation, scholarship projects and activities.

A Thai Woman, Her Practice Of Traditional Thai Astrology, And Related Gender Issues, Matthew Kosuta

The Journal of Traditions & Beliefs

No abstract provided.

Portrayals Of Gender In The Media: A Content Analysis Approach To Identifying Gender Oppression And Legitimation Of Patriarchy In Magazine Advertisements, Autumn M. O’Toole

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Advertisements are among the most pervasive forms of media. Portrayals of gender in advertisements constitute a significant subject of social research based on this pervasiveness and the influence that advertising media have on audiences. This influence is based on the notion that media is an institutional vehicle for ideas about products, lifestyles, and oppression. In this study, the institution of media is examined through an analysis of representations of patriarchy and gender oppression in media advertisements. The primary research question is: In what ways can we identify gender oppression and the support of hegemonic masculinity and systems of patriarchy in …

Bodybuilding Is An Art And Your Body Is The Canvas: An Examination Of Bodybuilders And The Built Body, Caitlin Greaf

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study examines the bodybuilding community by conducting interviews and watching the bodybuilding documentaries Pumping Iron, Pumping Iron II, and Generation Iron. Bodybuilders’ performance of the body is not solely acted just on stage for competitions. Rather, bodybuilders are continuously redefining limitations of what we determine a ‘normal’ body looks like. By using the concept of the gaze, I analyze bodybuilders’ bodies as an oddity on and off stage (Mulvey, 1989). The oddity of their body transforms the space it takes up into a stage for entertainment. I then examine gender performances of female and male bodybuilders within the traditionally …

Mission And Power: History, Relevance, And Perils, Atola Longkumer, Jorgen Skov Sorensen, Michael Biehl

Regnum Edinburgh Centenary Series

Mission cannot ignore its engagement with power. Christian mission is unavoidably located within matrices of power structures: religion, culture, colonial power, economic and gender. It is not only in the missionary movement largely emanating from the West that Christian mission is linked to structures of power. The Christian communities of today also present significant images, practices, expressions, and sometimes exploitations of power. This volume explores the notion of power in relation to Christian mission and critically engages questions such as: What notions of power have informed mission? How have power structures been negotiated between Christian mission and local culture/religions? Which …

White Women Wanted? An Analysis Of Gender Diversity In Social Justice Magazines, Corey Lee Wrenn, Megan Lutz

Diversity and Social Movements Collection

The role of media in collective action repertoires has been extensively studied, but media as an agent of socialization in social movement identity is less understood. It could be that social movement media is normalizing a particular activist identity to the exclusion of other demographics. For instance, Harper has identified white-centrism in anti-speciesist media produced by the Nonhuman Animal rights movement and supposes that this lack of diversity stunts movement potential. Using the lesser-studied Nonhuman Animal rights movement as a starting point, this study investigates two prominent Nonhuman Animal rights magazines. We compare those findings with an analysis of comparable …

The Impact Of Rhythm And Gender On Spelling Output Of Iranian Efl Learners: A Cross-Sectional Study, Peyman Nouraey, Amin Karimnia

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The present study aimed at investigating the probable effects of gender and rhythmic methods on the final output of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (henceforth EFL) learners with special reference to their spelling skills. In this regard, 108 Iranian EFL learners studying at three different levels were divided into two groups of genders, each consisting of 54 students. Primarily, the students were taught the new English vocabularies using both rhythmic and non-rhythmic methods of spelling. After the trainings, participants were given a test consisting ten marks of spelling in search for the effect of a) gender of the learners …

Exploring The Coping Strategies Of Female Urban High School Seniors On Academic Successes As It Relates To Bullying, Brenda Elaine Brooks-Turner

ETD Archive

Bullying has become a worldwide problem of pandemic proportion and degree. (Thomas, Bolen, Heister & Hyde, 2010). In the United States over thirty-five percent of school-aged students were directly involved in bullying incidents. Tragic news stories about suicides and school violence raised awareness about the importance of addressing this global issue (Van Der Zande, 2010). To date reports further indicate that more females are involved in indirect relational bullying than males. Unfortunately, as technology becomes more and more accessible, relational bullying has become one of the fastest growing epidemics (Brinson, 2005; Rigby & Smith, 2011).

Current research explanations were limited …