Digital Commons Network^™

Possible Roles Of Insulin And Insulin-Like Growth Factors In Rat Preimplantation Development: Investigation Of Gene Expression By Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction., X Zhang, G M Kidder, A J Watson, G A Schultz, D T Armstrong

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

The sensitive mRNA phenotyping technique of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to demonstrate that insulin receptor mRNA is present in rat embryos during the preimplantation period. In addition, mRNA encoding insulin-like growth factor (IGF) type I and type II receptors have also been detected in rat preimplantation embryos. IGF-I mRNA was not detected in preimplantation embryos but was found in oviducts and uteri of prepubertal and early pregnant rats. IGF-II mRNA was present in both embryos and in oviducts and uteri during the preimplantation period. These findings suggest that insulin and IGF-I could influence early embryo development in endocrine …

The Random Inactivation Of The X Chromosome Carrying The Defective Gene Responsible For X-Linked Hyper Igm Syndrome (X-Him) In Female Carriers Of Higm1, D Hollenbaugh, L H. Wu, H D. Ochs, S Nonoyama

Dartmouth Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Antibody To The Ligand Of Cd40, Gp39, Blocks The Occurrence Of The Acute And Chronic Forms Of Graft-Vs-Host Disease, F H. Durie, A Aruffo, J Ledbetter, K M. Crassi

Dartmouth Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Management Decisions Made By Caregiver Spouses Of Persons With Alzheimer's Disease., Mary A. Corcoran

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: As the incidence of Alzheimer's disease increases, so does the effect on families and friends who assume caregiving responsibilities. Despite the proliferation of caregiving studies reported in the literature, little is known of the day-to-day management styles and preferences of caregivers. To develop, implement, and test interventions designed to sustain caregivers in their role, more information is needed about the caregiving experience. Results of a descriptive study are presented as a first step in understanding the complex process of choosing, organizing, and implementing everyday caregiving tasks.

METHOD: Subjects of the study were 26 persons who provide care for a …

Ochrobactrum Anthropi Bacteremia In A Child., Joel D. Klein, Stephen C. Eppes

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Children undergoing chemotherapy for cancer are at increased risk of supervening infection, including bacteremia. This may be due to immunosuppression as well as the presence of intravascular devices such as central venous catheters. Bacteria responsible for these infections include those found in the child's endogenous flora as well as in environmental sources. We report the case of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who developed bacteremia secondary to Ochrobactrum anthropi. Details of this extremely rare infection are the focus of this report.

Sequencing Of Cdna From 50 Unrelated Patients Reveals That Mutations In The Triple-Helical Domain Of Type Iii Procollagen Are An Infrequent Cause Of Aortic Aneurysms., Gerard Tromp, Yuli Wu, Darwin J. Prockop, Swarna L. Madhatheri, Caren Kleinert, James J. Earley, Jiapiao Zhuang, Orjan Norrgård, R. Clement Darling, William M. Abbott, C. William Cole, Pekka Jaakkola, Markku Ryynanen, William H. Pearce, James S.T. Yao, Kari Majamaa, Stanton N. Smullens, Zoran Gatalica, Robert E. Ferrell, Sergio A. Jimenez, Charles E. Jackson, Virginia V. Michels, Michael Kaye, Helena Kuivaniemi

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Detailed DNA sequencing of the triple-helical domain of type III procollagen was carried out on cDNA prepared from 54 patients with aortic aneurysms. The 43 male and 11 female patients originated from 50 different families and five different nationalities. 43 patients had at least one additional blood relative who had aneurysms. Five overlapping asymmetric PCR products, covering all the coding sequences of the triple-helical domain of type III procollagen, were sequenced with 28 specific sequencing primers. Analysis of the sequencing gels revealed only two nucleotide changes that altered the structure of the protein. One was a substitution of threonine for …

Regulation Of Human Lung Fibroblast Alpha 1(I) Procollagen Gene Expression By Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukin-1 Beta, And Prostaglandin E2., Arturo Diaz, Elena Munoz, Rosemary Johnston, Joseph H. Korn, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

We investigated the participation of prostaglandin (PG) E2 in the regulation of the alpha 1(I) procollagen gene expression by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in normal adult human lung fibroblasts. TNF alpha (100 units/ml) and IL-1 beta (100 units/ml) stimulated the production of PGE2 and caused a dose-dependent inhibition of up to 54 and 66%, respectively, of the production of type I procollagen. Preincubation of cultures with indomethacin partially reversed the inhibition of procollagen production induced by the cytokines. Cytokine-stimulated endogenous fibroblast PG accounted for 35 and 68% of the inhibition induced by TNF …

A Model To Promote Activity Competence In Elders., Ruth E. Levine, Laura N. Gitlin

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

This paper describes an occupational therapy home-based intervention in which purposeful activities were used to promote adaptation and competence in older adults with chronic disabilities. Seven home care therapists visited 17 randomly selected, community-living elders who were chronically disabled and who volunteered to participate in the program. The number of visits ranged from 3 to 10 and occurred over a 3-month period according to clients' needs and wishes. Therapists enhanced their ability to enter the client's social and cultural system by using participant-observation techniques and collaboratively identified activities. Therapists documented each home visit with a structured fieldnote form. An analysis …

Gender Differences In Dementia Management Plans Of Spousal Caregivers: Implications For Occupational Therapy., Mary A. Corcoran

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Occupational therapists treating older people with Alzheimer disease know that they must also consider the others who are affected by the disease, the informal caregivers. Intervention is most effective when it enables both the impaired person and the primary caregiver to manage the secondary symptoms of dementia. Unfortunately, little is understood about how caregivers approach and carry out their tasks and about why male and female caregivers respond differently to their caregiving role in terms of depression, burden, stress, and substance abuse. This paper discusses the effects of gender on dementia management plans of spousal caregivers. Husbands and wives have …

Modulation Of Cisplatin Sensitivity And Growth Rate Of An Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Line By Bombesin And Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha., Seiji Isonishi, Antti P. Jekunen, Doreen K. Hom, Alan Eastman, Peter S. Edelstein, Franz B. Thiebaut, Randolph D. Christen, Stephen B. Howell

Dartmouth Scholarship

A twofold change in the cisplatin (DDP) sensitivity of 2008 human ovarian carcinoma cells is sufficient to reduce tumor response in vivo. The DDP sensitivity of these cells can be enhanced by activation of the epidermal growth factor and protein kinase C signal transduction pathways. We report here that two endogenous growth factors, bombesin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), enhanced DDP sensitivity by factors of 1.7 +/- 0.1 (SD)-fold and 1.8 +/- 0.1 (SD)-fold, respectively. Both agents also produced sensitization in an 11-fold DDP-resistant 2008 subline. Neither bombesin nor TNF alpha changed the accumulation of DDP, glutathione content, …

Childhood Typhoid Fever Diagnosed In An Urban U.S. Setting., Surinder K. Sodhi, Stephen C. Eppes, Joel D. Klein

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

The majority of cases of childhood typhoid fever diagnosed in the United States occur in persons recently returned from travel abroad. We report two childhood cases of typhoid fever acquired in Mexico and India and diagnosed in an urban United States setting. This report describes these cases and provides insights into the pitfalls in recognizing this condition in a nonendemic setting as well as information concerning differential diagnosis and treatment.

Dementia Management: An Occupational Therapy Home-Based Intervention For Caregivers., Mary A. Corcoran, Laura N. Gitlin

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

This paper describes an occupational therapy intervention designed for family caregivers of persons with dementia. The intervention, based on the framework of a competence-environmental press model and the principle of collaboration, was implemented during 5 home visits. Each visit was designed to build caregiving skills through collaboration in identifying problem areas, developing and implementing environmental strategies, and modifying management approaches. A case vignette illustrates the therapeutic process and outcomes. The theoretical rationale and structure of the intervention and innovative documentation for evaluation of the theoretic process are also presented.

The Relationship Between Gender Differences And Writing Topic Choices Of Middle School Students, Elisa B. Probst

Theses and Dissertations

This study was an investigative comparison of free writing topic choices between the genders. For the purposes of this study, twenty male and twenty female subjects were randomly selected from the seventh grade population of a junior high.

Over a period of four weeks, ten free writing samples were collected from each student's writing journal. Each sample was analyzed and placed in its appropriate category on Graves' Territorial Distribution Scale of Thematic Choices. A frequency count was conducted. Frequencies between the genders' topic choices were compared using a Chi Square test of significance. The Chi Square Analysis showed no significant …

An Emerging View Of Mastery, Excellence, And Leadership In Occupational Therapy Practice., Janice P Burke, Elizabeth Depoy

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

The recent focus on clinical reasoning in occupational therapy, specifically on how therapists solve complex problems, has stimulated interest in how master clinicians think in practice. By gaining insight into how clinicians think and what they think about when they identify and solve problems, we may be able to identify clinical reasoning patterns and processes that occupational therapy students and novice therapists need to experience in order to progress in their practice or to emerge as leaders in their field. Observation of the way in which clinical masters and leaders view challenges and solve problems as manifested in their clinical …

The Feminine Mystique In Dental Education: A Feminist's Challenge, David A. Nash

Oral Health Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Professional Experience Programme Report: Women's Health Promotion, An International Perspective, Lynne Hunt

Research outputs pre 2011

Between August 1988 and January 1989 I visited niQe countries in the Western Pacific, North America and Europe to survey women's health promotion from the perspective of the women's health movement. The experience was facilitated by study leave (Professional Experience Programme) from the Western Australian College of Advanced Education (now Edith Cowan University).

The main purpose of the study was to exchange ideas with selected academics and experts in women's health. The information acquired will be applied in courses in women's health offered by Edith Cowan University and in the ongoing development of a series of videotape productions on women's …

Malignant External Otitis And Mastoiditis Associated With An Igg4 Subclass Deficiency In A Child., Ricardo Castro, Md, Norman Robinson, Md, Joel Klein, Md, William Geimeier, Md

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

We have presented the first child in Delaware with malignant external otitis associated with IgG4 deficiency. Our patient needed three courses of intravenous antibiotics and twice required mastoidectomy, but has recovered completely following the restoration of the natural barrier between the internal and external ear, using a fascial graft from the large temporalis muscle. Some hearing deficit remains.

Home Adaptations For Persons With Chronic Disabilities: An Educational Model., Ruth E. Levine, Laura N. Giltin

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

This paper offers a method by which to train students in the provision of culturally relevant, in-home environmental adaptations for persons with chronic disabilities. On the basis of a theoretical framework, the student therapist learns about the client's life-style and offers adaptations that evolve from a collaborative problem-solving process. The training process has been developed and refined over a 3-year period. A case study illustrates the student's application of theory and practice and the outcome for the client of this service provision approach.

Susceptibility Of Hepatic Microcirculation To Reperfusion Injury: A Comparison Of Adult And Suckling Rats., Alan M. Yahanda Md, Facs, C N Paidas, M G Clemens

Other Specialties

Primary graft failure and vascular thromboses are frequent complications of liver transplantation, yet the mechanisms responsible remain unclear. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that hepatic reperfusion injury results in damage at the microvessel level. The present study was performed to determine whether an increased susceptibility of immature animals to microvascular injury during reperfusion might be a contributing factor in these complications. Suckling (35 to 50 g) or adult (250 to 400 g) rats were subjected to 30 or 60 minutes of hepatic ischemia to the left and median lobes followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion. Control animals were …

Osteogenesis Imperfecta. The Position Of Substitution For Glycine By Cysteine In The Triple Helical Domain Of The Pro Alpha 1(I) Chains Of Type I Collagen Determines The Clinical Phenotype., Barbra J. Starman, David Eyre, Harry Charbonneau, Maria Harrylock, Mary Ann Weis, Lester Weiss, John M. Graham Jr., Peter H. Byers

Dartmouth Scholarship

Skin fibroblasts grown from three individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) each synthesized a population of normal type I collagen molecules and additional molecules that had one or two alpha 1(I) chains that contained a cysteine residue within the triple-helical domain, a region from which cysteine normally is excluded. The patients had very different phenotypes. One patient with OI type I had a population of alpha 1(I) chains in which glycine at position 94 of the triple helix was substituted by cysteine; a patient with OI type III had a population of alpha 1(I) chains in which glycine at position 526 …

Recurrent/Persistent Pneumonia In A 3 1/2-Year-Old-Girl Due To Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome., Ricardo Castro, Md, Joel Klein, Md, Rajeswary Padmalingam, Md, Stephen C. Eppes, Md

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

The following is the report of the first case of a Delaware born child who developed AIDS, born from a mother who was not in a high risk camp.

Maternal-Neonatal Serum Vitamin A Concentrations., Girish S. Shirali, D G. Oelberg, K P. Mehta

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Prevention of neonatal vitamin A deficiency is related to the adequacy of maternal vitamin A stores. In this study we investigated maternal and cord serum vitamin A and retinol-binding protein (RBP) values in an Indian population including, for the first time, clinically vitamin A-deficient mothers. Twenty-eight maternal-neonatal pairs were selected from maternal cohorts of high socioeconomic status without clinical evidence of vitamin A deficiency (group I) and low socioeconomic status with conjunctival xerosis and Bitot's spots (group II). Maternal education, caloric and vitamin A intakes, weight, height, hemoglobin, and birth weight were significantly lower in group II. Serum vitamin A …

Animal Bite Infections., Joel D. Klein, Md

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Animal bites have become alarmingly common and may represent a quiet epidemic. It is estimated that between 1 and 3.5 million animal bites occur annually in the United States. The highest incidence has consistently been in 5-to-14-year-old schoolchildren, who have greater contact with animals, especially house pets, on a daily basis. This article discusses the epidemiology, microbiology, clinical findings and management of animal bites infections.

Oral Lichenoid Drug Reaction, R.B. Zain, G.M. Nor

Pre-2000

This is a case report of an oral lichenoid drug reaction of the buccal sulci in a female diabetic patient who was on an anti-hypertensive drug, alpha-methyldopa (Aldomet) and an oral hypoglycaemic drug, chlorpropamide (Diabinese). The clinical features, histological findings and management are presented.

The Dental Health Of Factory Workers In Pasir Gudang, Johor (Malaysia), Z. Abdul Majid, R.B. Zain

Pre-2000

A study on the oral health status of 198 factory workers (in Antara Steel, Pasir Gudang, Johor) was carried out in November 1986. The subjects were predominantly male (94%) and Malay (91%) with an average age of 27.4 years. The prevalence of caries was 87.4% with a mean DMFT of 7.1 ? 5.4. There were 3 subjects with full upper, lower dentures and 16 subjects with partial dentures. Two subjects examined needed dentures but were not wearing them. Thirty five (17.7%) of those examined needed urgent extractions, and 8 needed emergency treatment for fillings. Enamel opacities were found in 141 …

Heterogeneity Of Clonogenic Cells In Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia., Kert D. Sabbath, Edward D. Ball, Peter Larcom, Roger B. Davis, James D. Griffin

Dartmouth Scholarship

The expression of differentiation-associated surface antigens by the clonogenic leukemic cells from 20 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) was studied with a panel of seven cytotoxic monoclonal antibodies (anti-Ia, -MY9, -PM-81, -AML-2-23, -Mol, -Mo2, and -MY3). The surface antigen phenotypes of the clonogenic cells were compared with the phenotypes of the whole leukemic cell population, and with the phenotypes of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. In each case the clonogenic leukemic cells were found within a distinct subpopulation that was less "differentiated" than the total cell population. Clonogenic leukemic cells from different patients could be divided into three phenotype groups. …

Genetics And Epidemiology Of Gallbladder Disease In New World Native Peoples, K M Weiss, R E Ferrell, C L Hanis, P N Styne

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Native peoples of the New World, including Amerindians and admixed Latin Americans such as Mexican-Americans, are highly susceptible to diseases of the gallbladder. These include cholesterol cholelithiasis (gallstones) and its complications, as well as cancer of the gallbladder. Although there is clearly some necessary dietary or other environmental risk factor involved, the pattern of disease prevalence is geographically associated with the distribution of genes of aboriginal Amerindian origin, and levels of risk generally correspond to the degree of Amerindian admixture. This pattern differs from that generally associated with Westernization, which suggests a gene-environment interaction, and that within an admixed population …

Hispanic Women: Schooling For Conformity In Public Education, Helen A. Moore

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The educational experiences of Latinas are tied to norms of an Anglocentric and androcentric school system. Based on a sample of 1,000 male and female Hispanic and Anglo elementary school students, we analyze teacher expectations for three dimensions: behavioral, social and academic achievements. Teachers do rate Hispanic females as more conforming to the behavioral norms of the school. Regression analyses indicate that higher teacher ratings are assigned to Hispanic females who combine high academic scores with low scores on behavioral conformity norms. These findings indicate that teachers reward assertiveness, leadership and action when considering future student success. The dilemmas of …

Method Of Administering Natural Female Sex Horomones, Anwar A. Hussain, Shinichiro Hirai, Rima Bawarshi

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

The invention relates to a novel method of administering the natural female sex hormones, 17 β- estradiol and progesterone, to achieve enhanced bioavailability thereof. The invention further relates to novel dosage forms of 17 β- estradiol and/or progesterone which are adapted for nasal administration, such as solutions, suspensions, gels and ointments. The dosage forms containing a combination of 17 β-estradiol and progesterone are particularly useful as contraceptives, while the dosage forms containing only one of the hormonal components find utility in the treatment of conditions such as menopause, menstrual disorders, etc., which are known to respond to administration of a …

The Roles Of Dna Polymerases Alpha, Beta, And Gamma In Dna Repair Synthesis Induced In Hamster And Human Cells By Different Dna Damaging Agents., M. R. Miller, D. N. Chinault

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.