Digital Commons Network^™

Habituation Of Distress And Craving During Treatment As Predictors Of Change In Ptsd Symptoms And Substance Use Severity, Christal L. Badour, Julianne C. Flanagan, Daniel F. Gros, Therese Killeen, Irene Pericot-Valverde, Kristina J. Korte, Nicholas P. Allan, Sudie E. Back

Psychology Faculty Publications

Objective—Increasing evidence supports the efficacy of trauma-focused exposure therapy in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and co-occurring substance use disorders. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms of change in treatment for patients with PTSD and co-occurring substance use disorders. The aim of the present study was to examine whether within- and between-session habituation of distress and substance craving during imaginal exposure relates to treatment outcomes among U.S. military veterans with PTSD and a co-occurring substance use disorder (N = 54).

Method—Veterans received Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure, a manualized …

Oral Cannabidiol Does Not Produce A Signal For Abuse Liability In Frequent Marijuana Smokers, Shanna Babalonis, Margaret Haney, Robert J. Malcolm, Michelle R. Lofwall, Victoria R. Votaw, Steven Sparenborg, Sharon L. Walsh

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Background—Cannabidiol (CBD) is a naturally occurring constituent of the marijuana plant. In the past few years, there has been great interest in the therapeutic effects of isolated CBD and it is currently being explored for numerous disease conditions (e.g., pain, epilepsy, cancer, various drug dependencies). However, CBD remains a Schedule I drug on the U.S. Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Despite its status, there are no well-controlled data available regarding its abuse liability.

Methods—Healthy, frequent marijuana users (n=31) were enrolled in this within subject, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multisite study that administered oral cannabidiol (0, 200, 400, 800 …

Faster Self-Paced Rate Of Drinking For Alcohol Mixed With Energy Drinks Versus Alcohol Alone, Cecile A. Marczinski, Mark T. Fillmore, Sarah F. Maloney, Amy L. Stamates

Psychology Faculty Publications

The consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has been associated with higher rates of binge drinking and impaired driving when compared with alcohol alone. However, it remains unclear why the risks of use of AmED are heightened compared with alcohol alone even when the doses of alcohol consumed are similar. Therefore, the purpose of this laboratory study was to investigate if the rate of self-paced beverage consumption was faster for a dose of AmED versus alcohol alone using a double-blind, within-subjects, placebo-controlled study design. Participants (n = 16) of equal gender who were social drinkers attended 4 separate …

Curbing The Dui Offender's Self-Efficacy To Drink And Drive: A Laboratory Study, Walter Roberts, Mark T. Fillmore

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background—People arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) are at high risk to reoffend. One reason for this high rate of recidivism among DUI offenders is that these individuals systematically underestimate the degree to which alcohol impairs their ability to drive. This study compared perceived and objective driving ability following alcohol and performance feedback in drivers with and without a history of DUI.

Method—Adult drivers with (n = 20) and without (n = 20) a history of DUI arrest attended two dose challenge sessions where they received 0.64 g/kg alcohol or placebo, completed a simulated driving …

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalization Risk In The Second Year Of Life By Specific Congenital Heart Disease Diagnoses, Deborah Friedman, J Fryzek, X Jiang, A Bloomfield, C Ambrose, P Wong

NYMC Faculty Publications

Children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (CHD) are at elevated risk of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease compared to their healthy peers. Previous studies have demonstrated lower RSV hospitalization risk among all children with CHD at 12-23 months of age versus 0-11 months of age. However, RSV hospitalization risk at 12-23 months of age by specific CHD diagnosis has not been characterized. Both case-control and cohort studies were conducted using data from the US National Inpatient Sample from 1997 to 2013 to characterize relative risk of RSV hospitalization among children 12-23 months of age …

Gvhd After Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation For Acute Leukemia: An Analysis Of Risk Factors And Effect On Outcomes, Y Chen, T Wang, Michael T. Hemmer, A Alousi, J Pidala, Mitchell Cairo, C Cutler

NYMC Faculty Publications

Using the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) registry, we analyzed 1404 umbilical cord bloodtransplantation (UCBT) patients (single (<18 years)=810, double (⩾18 years)=594) with acute leukemia to define the incidence of acuteGvHD (aGvHD) and chronic GvHD (cGvHD), analyze clinical risk factors and investigate outcomes. After single UCBT, 100-day incidence of grade II-IV aGvHD was 39% (95% confidence interval (CI), 36-43%), grade III-IV aGvHD was 18% (95% CI, 15-20%) and 1-year cGvHD was 27% (95% CI, 24-30%). After double UCBT, 100-day incidence of grade II-IV aGvHD was 45% (95% CI, 41-49%), grade III-IV aGvHD was 22% (95% CI, 19-26%) and …

Assessment Of Dietary Intake Of Children With Chronic Kidney Disease., Wun Fung Hui, Aisha Betoko, Jonathan D. Savant, Alison G. Abraham, Larry A. Greenbaum, Bradley A. Warady, Marva M. Moxey-Mims, Susan L. Furth

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to characterize the nutrient intake of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) relative to recommended intake levels.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of dietary intake assessed by Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) in The North American Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) prospective cohort study. Nutrient intake was analyzed to estimate the daily consumption levels of various nutrients and compared with national guidelines for intake.

RESULTS: There were 658 FFQs available for analysis; 69.9 % of respondents were boys, with a median age [Interquartile range (IQR)] of 11 years (8-15). Median daily sodium, potassium, and phosphorus …

Otolith Dysfunction In Persons With Both Diabetes And Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo., Linda J. DʼSilva, Hinrich Staecker, James Lin, Christy Maddux, John Ferraro, Hongying Dai, Patricia M. Kluding

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: Vestibular dysfunction is a well-recognized complication of type 2 diabetes (DM) that may contribute to increased fall risk. The prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is higher in people with DM. The impact of DM on the otolith organs of the vestibular system in people with BPPV is unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze otolith function using vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) tests in people with DM and concurrent BPPV (BPPV + DM), and to examine the relationships between VEMP variables and diabetes-related variables.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional study.

SETTING: Tertiary academic medical center.

SUBJECTS AND …

The Art And Skill Of Delivering Culturally Responsive Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Tanzania And Kenya., Briana Woods-Jaeger, Christine M. Kava, Christopher F. Akiba, Leah Lucid, Shannon Dorsey

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: This study explored the facilitators, barriers, and strategies used to deliver a child mental health evidence-based treatment (EBT), trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), in a culturally responsive manner. In low- and middle-income countries most individuals with mental health problems do not receive treatment due to a shortage of mental health professionals. One approach to addressing this problem is task-sharing, in which lay counselors are trained to deliver mental health treatment. Combining this approach with a focus on EBT provides a strategy for bridging the mental health treatment gap. However, little is known about how western-developed EBTs are delivered in …

High-Dose Immunosuppressive Therapy And Autologous Hct For Relapsing-Remitting Ms., Richard A Nash, George J Hutton, Michael K Racke, Uday Popat, Steven M Devine, Kaitlyn C Steinmiller, Linda M Griffith, Paolo A Muraro, Harry Openshaw, Peter H Sayre, Olaf Stuve, Douglas L Arnold, Mark H Wener, George E Georges, Annette Wundes, George H Kraft, J D Bowen

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and durability of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease stabilization after high-dose immunosuppressive therapy (HDIT) and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

METHODS: High-Dose Immunosuppression and Autologous Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis (HALT-MS) is a phase II clinical trial of HDIT/HCT for patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) MS who experienced relapses with disability progression (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] 3.0-5.5) while on MS disease-modifying therapy. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS), defined as survival without death or disease activity from any one of: disability progression, relapse, or new lesions on MRI. Participants were evaluated through 5 years posttransplant. …

Metabolomic Biomarkers As Strong Correlates Of Parkinson Disease Progression, Peter A. Lewitt, Jia Li, Mei Lu, Lining Guo, Peggy Auinger

Neurology Articles

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a Parkinson disease (PD)-specific biochemical signature might be found in the total body metabolic milieu or in the CSF compartment, especially since this disorder has systemic manifestations beyond the progressive loss of dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons.

METHODS: Our goal was to discover biomarkers of PD progression. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography linked to gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry, we measured concentrations of small-molecule (≤1.5 kDa) constituents of plasma and CSF from 49 unmedicated, mildly affected patients with PD (mean age 61.4 years; mean duration of PD 11.4 months). Specimens were collected twice (baseline and final) at intervals …

Timing And Magnitude Of Lumbar Spine Contribution To Trunk Forward Bending And Backward Return In Patients With Acute Low Back Pain, Iman Shojaei, Milad Vazirian, Elizabeth G. Salt, Linda R. Van Dillen, Babak Bazrgari

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Alterations in the lumbo-pelvic coordination denote changes in neuromuscular control of trunk motion as well as load sharing between passive and active tissues in the lower back. Differences in timing and magnitude aspects of lumbo-pelvic coordination between patients with chronic low back pain (LBP) and asymptomatic individuals have been reported; yet, the literature on lumbo-pelvic coordination in patients with acute LBP is scant. A case-control study was conducted to explore the differences in timing and magnitude aspects of lumbo-pelvic coordination between females with (n=19) and without (n=19) acute LBP. Participants in each group completed one experimental session wherein they performed …

Ritual Body: Growing Up Female And Evangelical, Aleisa Dornbierer-Schat

Staff Work

"Like many of the writers in the collection, it took leaving the church I grew up in to find my way to a new understanding of God."

Posting about ­­­­­­­­the book Jesus Girls from In All Things - an online hub committed to the claim that the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ has implications for the entire world.

http://inallthings.org/my-story-of-coming-to-faith/

Genetic Drivers Of Kidney Defects In The Digeorge Syndrome., Esther Lopez-Rivera, Yangfan P. Liu, Miguel Verbitsky, Blair R. Anderson, Valentina P. Capone, Edgar A. Otto, Zhonghai Yan, Adele Mitrotti, Jeremiah Martino, Nicholas J. Steers, David A. Fasel, Katarina Vukojevic, Rong Deng, Silvia E. Racedo, Qingxue Liu, Max Werth, Rik Westland, Asaf Vivante, Gabriel S. Makar, Monica Bodria, Matthew G. Sampson, Christopher E. Gillies, Virginia Vega-Warner, Mariarosa Maiorana, Donald S. Petrey, Barry Honig, Vladimir J. Lozanovski, Rémi Salomon, Laurence Heidet, Wassila Carpentier, Dominique Gaillard, Alba Carrea, Loreto Gesualdo, Daniele Cusi, Claudia Izzi, Francesco Scolari, Joanna A E Van Wijk, Adela Arapovic, Mirna Saraga-Babic, Marijan Saraga, Nenad Kunac, Ali Samii, Donna M. Mcdonald-Mcginn, Terrence B. Crowley, Elaine H. Zackai, Dorota Drozdz, Monika Miklaszewska, Marcin Tkaczyk, Przemyslaw Sikora, Maria Szczepanska, Malgorzata Mizerska-Wasiak, Grazyna Krzemien, Agnieszka Szmigielska, Marcin Zaniew, John M. Darlow, Prem Puri, David Barton, Emilio Casolari, Susan L. Furth, Bradley A. Warady, Zoran Gucev, Hakon Hakonarson, Hana Flogelova, Velibor Tasic, Anna Latos-Bielenska, Anna Materna-Kiryluk, Landino Allegri, Craig S. Wong, Iain A Drummond, Vivette D'Agati, Akira Imamoto, Jonathan M. Barasch, Friedhelm Hildebrandt, Krzysztof Kiryluk, Richard P. Lifton, Bernice E. Morrow, Cecile Jeanpierre, Virginia E. Papaioannou, Gian Marco Ghiggeri, Ali G. Gharavi, Nicholas Katsanis, Simone Sanna-Cherchi

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The DiGeorge syndrome, the most common of the microdeletion syndromes, affects multiple organs, including the heart, the nervous system, and the kidney. It is caused by deletions on chromosome 22q11.2; the genetic driver of the kidney defects is unknown.

METHODS: We conducted a genomewide search for structural variants in two cohorts: 2080 patients with congenital kidney and urinary tract anomalies and 22,094 controls. We performed exome and targeted resequencing in samples obtained from 586 additional patients with congenital kidney anomalies. We also carried out functional studies using zebrafish and mice.

RESULTS: We identified heterozygous deletions of 22q11.2 in 1.1% …

Line-1 Hypomethylation Status Of Circulating Cell-Free Dna In Plasma As A Biomarker For Colorectal Cancer., Yuzo Nagai, Eiji Sunami, Yoko Yamamoto, Keisuke Hata, Satoshi Okada, Koji Murono, Koji Yasuda, Kensuke Otani, Takeshi Nishikawa, Toshiaki Tanaka, Tomomichi Kiyomatsu, Kazushige Kawai, Hiroaki Nozawa, Soichiro Ishihara, Dave S B Hoon, Toshiaki Watanabe

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious public health problem and non-invasive biomarkers improving diagnosis or therapy are strongly required. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has been a promising target for this purpose. In this study, we evaluated the potential of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) hypomethylation as a blood biomarker for CRC. LINE-1 hypomethylation level in plasma cfDNA in 114 CRC patients was retrospectively examined by absolute quantitative analysis of methylated alleles real-time PCR, and was expressed using LINE-1 hypomethylation index (LHI) [unmethylated copy number/ (methylated copy number + unmethylated copy number)]. Greater LHI values indicated enhanced hypomethylation. In our clinicopathological …

Risk Factors For Poor Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes In Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, Omowunmi Aibana, Mariya Bachmaha, Viatcheslav Krasiuk, Natasha Rybak, Timothy P Flanigan, Vasyl Petrenko, Megan B Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Ukraine is among ten countries with the highest burden of multidrug- resistant TB (MDR-TB) worldwide. Treatment success rates for MDR-TB in Ukraine remain below global success rates as reported by the World Health Organization. Few studies have evaluated predictors of poor MDR-TB outcomes in Ukraine.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients initiated on MDR-TB treatment in the Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine between January 01, 2012 and March 31st, 2015. We defined good treatment outcomes as cure or completion and categorized poor outcomes among those who died, failed treatment or defaulted. We used logistic regression analyses to identify …

Impact Of Sequencing Targeted Therapies With High-Dose Interleukin-2 Immunotherapy: An Analysis Of Outcome And Survival Of Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma From An On-Going Observational Il-2 Clinical Trial: Proclaim, Joseph I Clark, Michael K K Wong, Howard L Kaufman, Gregory A Daniels, Michael A Morse, David F Mcdermott, Sanjiv S Agarwala, Lionel D Lewis, John H Stewart, Ulka Vaishampayan, Brendan Curti, René Gonzalez, Jose Lutzky, Venkatesh Rudraptna, Lee D Cranmer, Joanne M Jeter, Ralph J Hauke, Gerald Miletello, Mohammed M Milhem, Asim Amin, John M Richart, Mayer Fishman, Sigrun Hallmeyer, Sapna P Patel, Peter Van Veldhuizen, Neeraj Agarwal, Bret Taback, Jonathan S Treisman, Marc S Ernstoff, Jessica C Perritt, Hong Hua, Tharak B Rao, Janice P Dutcher, Sandra Aung

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: This analysis describes the outcome for patients who received targeted therapy (TT) prior to or following high-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with renal cell carcinoma (n = 352) receiving HD IL-2 were enrolled in Proleukin

RESULTS: Overall, there were 4% complete response (CR), 13% partial response (PR), 39% stable disease (SD), and 43% progressive disease (PD) with HD IL-2. The median overall survival (mOS) was not reached in patients with CR, PR, or SD, and was 15.5 months in patients with PD (median follow-up, 21 months). Sixty-one patients had prior TT before HD IL-2 with an …

Trends In Outcomes, Financial Burden, And Mortality For Acute Exacerbation Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) In The United States From 2002 To 2010, Chetna Jinjuvadia, Raxitkumar Jinjuvadia, Chaitanya Mandapakala, Navin Durairajan, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Ayman O. Soubani

Gastroenterology Articles

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the cause of substantial economic and social burden. We evaluated the temporal trends of hospitalizations from acute exacerbation of COPD and determined its outcome and financial impact using the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) databases (2002-2010). Individuals aged ≥ 18 years were included. Subjects who were hospitalized with primary diagnosis of COPD exacerbation and those who were admitted for other causes but had underlying acute exacerbation of COPD (secondary diagnosis) were captured by International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes. The hospital outcomes and length of stay were determined. Multivariate logistic regression was used …

Phase 2 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Of Rg7667, A Combination Monoclonal Antibody, For Prevention Of Cytomegalovirus Infection In High-Risk Kidney Transplant Recipients, Julie H. Ishida, Anita Patel, Aneesh K. Mehta, Philippe Gatault, Jacqueline M. Mcbride, Tracy Burgess, Michael A. Derby, David R. Snydman, Brinda Emu, Becket Feierbach, Ashley E. Fouts, Mauricio Maia, Rong Deng, Carrie M. Rosenberger, Lynn A. Gennaro, Natalee S. Striano, X C. Liao, Jorge A. Tavel

Nephrology Articles

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a significant complication after kidney transplantation. We examined the ability of RG7667, a combination of two monoclonal antibodies, to prevent CMV infection in high-risk kidney transplant recipients in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. CMV-seronegative recipients of a kidney transplant from a CMV-seropositive donor (D+R-) were randomized to receive RG7667 (n = 60) or placebo (n = 60) at the time of transplant and 1, 4, and 8 weeks posttransplant. Patients were monitored for CMV viremia every 1 to 2 weeks posttransplant for 24 weeks. Patients who had seroconverted (D+R+) or withdrawn before dosing were excluded from …

Acceptability Of Hiv Testing Sites Among Rural And Urban African Americans Who Use Cocaine, D. Keith Branham, Tyrone F. Borders, Katharine E. Stewart, Geoffrey M. Curran, Brenda M. Booth

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

African Americans (AAs) who use cocaine in the Southern region of the U.S. have a relatively high risk of HIV and need for HIV testing. Among this group, those residing in rural areas may have less favorable opinions about common HIV testing sites, which could inhibit HIV testing. We examined rural/urban variations in their acceptability of multiple HIV testing sites (private physician clinic, local health department, community health center, community HIV fair, hospital emergency department, blood plasma donation center, drug abuse treatment facility, and mobile van or community outreach worker). Results from partial proportional odds and logistic regression analyses indicate …

The Influence Of Tumor Regression, Solar Elastosis, And Patient Age On Pathologists' Interpretation Of Melanocytic Skin Lesions., Linda Titus, Raymond L Barnhill, Jason P Lott, Michael W Piepkorn, David E Elder, Paul D Frederick, Heidi D Nelson, Patricia A Carney, Stevan R Knezevich, Martin A Weinstock, Joann G Elmore

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

It is not known whether patient age or tumor characteristics such as tumor regression or solar elastosis influence pathologists' interpretation of melanocytic skin lesions (MSLs). We undertook a study to determine the influence of these factors, and to explore pathologist's characteristics associated with the direction of diagnosis. To meet our objective, we designed a cross-sectional survey study of pathologists' clinical practices and perceptions. Pathologists were recruited from diverse practices in 10 states in the United States. We enrolled 207 pathologist participants whose practice included the interpretation of MSLs. Our findings indicated that the majority of pathologists (54.6%) were influenced toward …

Results Of A Phase I-Ii Study Of Fenretinide And Rituximab For Patients With Indolent B-Cell Lymphoma And Mantle Cell Lymphoma., Andrew J Cowan, Phillip A Stevenson, Ted A Gooley, Shani L Frayo, George R Oliveira, Stephen D Smith, Damian J Green, Jennifer E Roden, John M Pagel, Brent L Wood, Oliver W Press, Ajay K Gopal

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Fenretinide, a synthetic retinoid, induces apoptotic cell death in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) and acts synergistically with rituximab in preclinical models. We report results from a phase I-II study of fenretinide with rituximab for B-NHLs. Eligible diagnoses included indolent B-NHL or mantle cell lymphoma. The phase I design de-escalated from fenretinide at 900 mg/m

The Effect Of Sazetidine-A And Other Nicotinic Ligands On Nicotine Controlled Goal-Tracking In Female And Male Rats, S. Charntikov, A. M. Falco, K. Fink, Linda P. Dwoskin, R. A. Bevins

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Nicotine is the primary addictive component of tobacco products and its complex stimulus effects are readily discriminated by humans and non-human animals. Previous preclinical research investigating directly the nature of the nicotine stimulus has been limited to male rodents. The current study began to address this significant gap in the literature by training female and male rats to discriminate 0.4 mg/kg nicotine from saline in the discriminated goal-tracking task. In this task, access to sucrose was intermittently available on nicotine session. On saline session, intermixed with nicotine sessions on separate days, sucrose was not available. Both sexes acquired the discrimination …

Nephrotoxicity During Vancomycin Therapy In Combination With Piperacillin-Tazobactam Or Cefepime, Wilbur Cliff Rutter, Jessica N. Cox, Craig A. Martin, Donna R. Burgess, David S. Burgess

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Recent reports have demonstrated that vancomycin (VAN) may lead to an increase in the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) when it is combined with antipseudomonal beta-lactams. This study compared the incidence of AKI associated with VAN plus piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) or cefepime (FEP). This was a retrospective, matched cohort study that was conducted at an academic medical center between September 2010 and September 2014 and that included adult patients without severe chronic or structural kidney disease, dialysis, pregnancy, cystic fibrosis, or a hospital transfer receiving TZP-VAN or FEP-VAN for at least 48 h. The primary outcome was the difference in …

Telemedicine Coverage For Post-Operative Icu Patients., Tara Ann Collins, Matthew P. Robertson, Corinna P. Sicoutris, Michael A. Pisa, Daniel N. Holena, Patrick M. Reilly, Benjamin A. Kohl

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Introduction There is an increased demand for intensive care unit (ICU) beds. We sought to determine if we could create a safe surge capacity model to increase ICU capacity by treating ICU patients in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) utilizing a collaborative model between an ICU service and a telemedicine service during peak ICU bed demand. Methods We evaluated patients managed by the surgical critical care service in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) compared to patients managed in the virtual intensive care unit (VICU) located within the PACU. A retrospective review of all patients seen by the surgical critical …

Placental Genetic Variations In Vitamin D Metabolism And Birthweight., Tsegaselassie Workalemahu, Sylvia E Badon, Michal Dishi-Galitzky, Chunfang Qiu, Michelle A Williams, Tanya Sorensen, Daniel A Enquobahrie

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D has pleiotropic functions that regulate fetal growth and development. We investigated associations of common placental genetic variations in vitamin D metabolism with birthweight.

METHODS: The study was conducted among participants (506 maternal-infant pairs) of a pregnancy cohort study. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and post-delivery medical record abstraction. DNA, extracted from placental samples collected at delivery, was genotyped for eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five vitamin D metabolism genes (CUBN, LRP2, VDR, GC, and CYP2R1). Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of SNPs with birthweight and risk of low birthweight, respectively. …

Associations Of Emergency Department Length Of Stay With Publicly Reported Quality-Of-Care Measures., Anna Marie Chang, Amber Lin, Rongwei Fu, K. John Mcconnell, Benjamin Sun

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: The Institute of Medicine identified emergency department (ED) crowding as a critical threat to patient safety. We assess the association between changes in publicly reported ED length of stay (LOS) and changes in quality-of-care measures in a national cohort of hospitals.

METHODS: Longitudinal analysis of 2012 and 2013 data from the American Hospital Association (AHA) Survey, Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Cost Reports, and CMS Hospital Compare. We included hospitals reporting Hospital Compare timeliness measure of LOS for admitted patients. We used AHA and CMS data to incorporate hospital predictors of interest. We used the method of …

Large-Scale Behavior-Change Initiative For Infant And Young Child Feeding Advanced Language And Motor Development In A Cluster-Randomized Program Evaluation In Bangladesh, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Phuong H. Nguyen, Kuntal K. Saha, Tina Sanghvi, Kaosar Afsana, Raisul Haque, Jean Baker, Marie T. Ruel, Rahul Rawat, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

Background: Promoting adequate nutrition through interventions to improve infant and young child feeding (IYCF) has the potential to contribute to child development.

Objective: We examined whether an intensive intervention package that was aimed at improving IYCF at scale through the Alive & Thrive initiative in Bangladesh also advanced language and gross motor development, and whether advancements in language and gross motor development were explained through improved complementary feeding.

Methods: A cluster-randomized design compared 2 intervention packages: intensive interpersonal counseling on IYCF, mass media campaign, and community mobilization (intensive) compared with usual nutrition counseling and mass media campaign (nonintensive). Twenty subdistricts …

Moderating Effects Of Immunosuppressive Medications And Risk Factors For Post-Operative Joint Infection Following Total Joint Arthroplasty In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Or Osteoarthritis, Elizabeth G. Salt, Amanda T. Wiggins, Mary Kay Rayens, Brent J. Morris, David M. Mannino, Andrew Hoellein, Ryan P. Donegan, Leslie J. Crofford

Nursing Faculty Publications

Objective—Inconclusive findings about infection risks, importantly the use of immunosuppressive medications, in patients who have undergone large-joint total joint arthroplasty challenge efforts to provide evidenced-based perioperative total joint arthroplasty recommendations to improve surgical outcomes. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe risk factors for developing a postoperative infection in patients undergoing TJA of a large joint [total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty, or total shoulder arthroplasty] by identifying clinical and demographic factors, including the use of high risk medications (i.e., prednisone and immunosuppressive medications) and diagnoses (i.e., rheumatoid arthritis [RA], osteoarthritis [OA], gout, obesity, diabetes mellitus), that …

Clinical Risk Factors For Infective Endocarditis In Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia, Vincent Bryan D Salvador, Bikash Chapagain, Astha Joshi, Debra J Brennessel

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Crucial to the management of staphylococcal bacteremia is an accurate evaluation of associated endocarditis, which has both therapeutic and prognostic implications. Because the clinical presentation of endocarditis can be nonspecific, the judicious use of echocardiography is important in distinguishing patients at high risk of developing endocarditis. In the presence of high-risk clinical features, an early transesophageal echocardiogram is warranted without prior transthoracic echocardiography.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical risk factors for staphylococcal infective endocarditis that might warrant earlier transesophageal echocardiography and to describe the incidence of endocarditis in cases of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus …