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Global Cns Gene Transfer For A Childhood Neurogenetic Enzyme Deficiency: Canavan Disease., Paola Leone, Christopher G Janson, Scott J Mcphee, Matthew J During

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

The neurogenetic prototypic disease on which we chose to test our gene therapy strategy is Canavan disease (CD). CD is an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy associated with spongiform degeneration of the brain. At present the disease is uniformly fatal in affected probands. CD is characterized by mutations in the aspartoacylase (ASPA) gene, resulting in loss of enzyme activity. In this review, recent evidence is summarized on the etiology and possible treatments for CD. In particular, we discuss two gene delivery systems representing recent advances in both viral and liposome technology: a novel cationic liposome-polymer-DNA (LPD) complex, DCChol/DOPE-protamine, as well as recombinant …

Pregnant Rat Uterus Expresses High Levels Of The Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase, Valerie Anne Galton, Elena Martinez, Arturo Hernandez, Emily A. St. Germain, Joanne M. Bates, Donald L. St. Germain

Dartmouth Scholarship

Although thyroid hormones are critically important for the coordination of morphogenic processes in the fetus and neonate, premature exposure of the embryo to levels of the hormones present in the adult is detrimental and can result in growth retardation, malformations, and even death. We report here that the pregnant rat uterus expresses extremely high levels of the type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (D3), which inactivates thyroxine and 3,3′,5-triiodothyronine by 5-deiodination. Both D3 mRNA and activity were present at the implantation site as early as gestational day 9 (E9), when expression was localized using in situ hybridization to uterine mesometrial and antimesometrial …

The Effects Of Free Fatty Acids On Gluconeogenesis And Glycogenolysis In Normal Subjects, X Chen, N Iqbal, G Boden

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

We have quantitatively determined gluconeogenesis (GNG) from all precursors, using a novel method employing 2H20 to address the question of whether changes in plasma free fatty acids (FFA) affect GNG in healthy, nonobese subjects. In the first study (n = 6), plasma FFA were lowered at 16 to 20 hours with nicotinic acid (NA) and were then allowed to rise at 20 to 24 hours (FFA rebound after administration of NA). FFA decreased from 387 microM at 16 hours to 43 microM at 20 hours, and then rebounded to 1,823 microM at 24 hours. GNG decreased from 58.1% at 16 …

The Relationship Between Perceived Job Pressure And Self-Reported Bulimia Symptoms Among Female Las Vegas Production Show Dancers, Ann Blyth Bullis

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between weight oriented job pressure and bulimic symptomatology among female Las Vegas production show dancers. Surveys were distributed to approximately 100 dancers at the professional level in the Las Vegas area at the professional dance and Pilates studios as well as backstage at two of the shows. The surveys measured perceived weight oriented job pressure, body dissatisfaction in response to weight oriented job pressure, and differences in self-reported attribution between symptomatic bulimic and non-bulimic dancers. This study may provide evidence for the need to implement prevention measures for this at-risk …

Nf98-361 The Female Athlete Triad, Linda S. Boeckner

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

As more and more females become active in sports, physicians, coaches, trainers, parents and athletes need to be aware of a potential condition termed the Female Athlete Triad.

Relationship Between Selected Demographic Variables And Self-Esteem In Female Adolescents In The Rural South, Denise Tennison

MSN Research Projects

Self-esteem is recognized as a basic personality- characteristic of positive and productive behavior. The view the adolescent female has of herself is of utmost importance and may have an impact on behavior, achievement, social functioning, and physical and emotional health. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between sociodemographic variables and self-esteem in adolescent females. Roy's Adaptation Model was used to guide this descriptive correlation investigation. Data were collected from a sample of 3 0 adolescent females from a small rural high school in East Central Mississippi. Participants were surveyed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem …

An Alternating Treatments Comparison Of Two Intensive Interventions For Food Refusal., W H Ahearn, Mary Louise Kerwin, P S Eicher, J Shantz, W Swearingin

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

We compared two treatment packages involving negative reinforcement contingencies for 3 children with chronic food refusal. One involved physically guiding the child to accept food contingent on noncompliance, whereas the other involved nonremoval of the spoon until the child accepted the presented food. Subsequent to baseline, an alternating treatments comparison was implemented in a multiple baseline design across subjects. After each child had been exposed to at least nine sessions of each treatment condition and percentage of bites accepted had increased to at least 80%, the child's caregivers selected the preferred treatment package. The results indicated that both treatments were …

The Costs Of Eating: A Behavioral Economic Analysis Of Food Refusal., Mary Louise Kerwin, W H Ahearn, P S Eicher, D M Burd

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Behavioral economic concepts were applied to the analysis and treatment of pediatric feeding disorders in a clinical setting. In Experiment 1, children who chronically refused food were presented with varying amounts of food on a spoon (empty, dipped, quarter, half, and level). Each child exhibited a different but orderly demand function of response (acceptance, expulsion, and mouth clean) by cost (increasing spoon volume) for a constant pay-off of toys and social interaction. In Experiment 2, physical guidance or nonremoval of the spoon for food refusal was initiated at the smallest spoon volume with low levels of acceptance, and was subsequently …

Management Decisions Made By Caregiver Spouses Of Persons With Alzheimer's Disease., Mary A. Corcoran

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: As the incidence of Alzheimer's disease increases, so does the effect on families and friends who assume caregiving responsibilities. Despite the proliferation of caregiving studies reported in the literature, little is known of the day-to-day management styles and preferences of caregivers. To develop, implement, and test interventions designed to sustain caregivers in their role, more information is needed about the caregiving experience. Results of a descriptive study are presented as a first step in understanding the complex process of choosing, organizing, and implementing everyday caregiving tasks.

METHOD: Subjects of the study were 26 persons who provide care for a …

Maternal-Neonatal Serum Vitamin A Concentrations., Girish S. Shirali, D G. Oelberg, K P. Mehta

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Prevention of neonatal vitamin A deficiency is related to the adequacy of maternal vitamin A stores. In this study we investigated maternal and cord serum vitamin A and retinol-binding protein (RBP) values in an Indian population including, for the first time, clinically vitamin A-deficient mothers. Twenty-eight maternal-neonatal pairs were selected from maternal cohorts of high socioeconomic status without clinical evidence of vitamin A deficiency (group I) and low socioeconomic status with conjunctival xerosis and Bitot's spots (group II). Maternal education, caloric and vitamin A intakes, weight, height, hemoglobin, and birth weight were significantly lower in group II. Serum vitamin A …

Endocrine And Physiological Responses Of The Female Goat During Three Reproductive Phases, Dana Dean Clark

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Female Spanish x Dairy cross goats were divided into three reproductive phases--breeding season or cyclic (20), seasonal anestrus (20), and early postpartum (20). Each group of animals was further divided into three treatments--control (10), Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) treated (5), and pituitary Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (5). During each of the above mentioned reproductive phases, the following were measured: progesterone and LH profiles, serum LH levels following GnRH injection, pituitary LH concentration and ovarian responses following GnRH treatment.

Progesterone levels indicative of luteal development were present only in the breeding season. Progesterone levels during the seasonal anestrous and postpartum periods were …

Hair As An Indicator Of Excessive Aluminum Exposure, Robert A. Yokel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

To determine if excessive systemic exposure to aluminum would be reflected in increased aluminum concentration in hair, rabbits were given a series of aluminum lactate injections. Hair was collected before the aluminum lactate administration from the site of injections and twice after the injections from this site as well as from an area adjoining the injection site. Aluminum was determined by flameless atomic absorption analysis of acid-digested samples. The concentration of aluminum in the hair increased after the injections in samples taken at both times from both sites. Considerable variability in hair aluminum was found before excessive exposure, as has …

Cellular Action Of Vasopressin In Medullary Tubules Of Mice With Hereditary Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus, Brian A. Jackson, Richard M. Edwards, Heinz Valtin, Thomas P. Dousa

Dartmouth Scholarship

Our previous studies (1974. J. Clin. Invest.54: 753-762.) suggested that impaired metabolism of cyclic AMP (cAMP) may be involved in the renal unresponsiveness to vasopressin (VP) in mice with hereditary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). To localize such a defect to specific segments of the nephron, we studied the activities of VP-sensitive adenylate cyclase, cAMP phosphodiesterase (cAMP-PDIE), as well as accumulation of cAMP in medullary collecting tubules (MCT) and in medullary thick ascending limbs of Henle's loop (MAL) microdissected from control mice with normal concentrating ability and from mice with hereditary NDI.

Adenylate cyclase activity stimulated by VP or by …

G80-537 Reproductive Trace Anatomy And Physiology Of The Cow, Gene H. Deutscher

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Knowledge of basic reproduction will help a producer to obtain higher conception rates when using estrous synchronization and/or artificial insemination. The reproductive performance of a cow herd has a great influence on the income and profit realized. A good understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the cow's reproductive system is, therefore, beneficial for successful management. Knowledge of basic reproduction will help a producer to obtain higher conception rates when using estrous synchronization and/or artificial insemination. It will also allow for a better understanding of pregnancy examinations, reproductive diseases and calving difficulty problems.