Digital Commons Network^™

Epigenomics And Metabolomics Reveal The Mechanism Of The Apoa2-Saturated Fat Intake Interaction Affecting Obesity, Chao-Qiang Lai, Caren E Smith, Laurence D Parnell, Yu-Chi Lee, Dolores Corella, Paul Hopkins, Bertha A Hidalgo, Stella Aslibekyan, Michael A Province, Devin Absher, Donna K Arnett, Katherine L Tucker, Jose M Ordovas

Open Access Publications

Background: The putative functional variant -265T>C (rs5082) within the APOA2 promoter has shown consistent interactions with saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake to influence the risk of obesity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to implement an integrative approach to characterize the molecular basis of this interaction.

Design: We conducted an epigenome-wide scan on 80 participants carrying either the rs5082 CC or TT genotypes and consuming either a low-SFA (<22 g/d) or high-SFA diet (≥22 g/d), matched for age, sex, BMI, and diabetes status in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS). We then validated the findings in selected participants in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) Study (n = 379) and the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) (n = 243). Transcription and metabolomics analyses were conducted to determine the relation between epigenetic status, APOA2 mRNA expression, and blood metabolites.

Results: In the BPRHS, we identified methylation site cg04436964 as exhibiting significant differences between CC and TT participants consuming a high-SFA diet, but not among those consuming low-SFA. Similar …

Ursodeoxycholic Acid Versus Phenobarbital For Cholestasis In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit., Tamorah Lewis, Simisola Kuye, Ashley Sherman

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Although neonates and young infants with cholestasis are commonly treated with either phenobarbital or ursodeoxycholic acid (ursodiol), there is no evidence that phenobarbital is effective for this indication. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of ursodiol and phenobarbital for the treatment of cholestasis in a diverse NICU population.

METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study including infants with cholestasis who were admitted to a Level IV NICU between January 2010 and December 2015. Drug courses of phenobarbital and ursodiol were identified within the medical record, and medical, demographic, and drug information were extracted. The primary outcome was reduction …

Cohort Profile: The Maternal And Infant Nutrition Interventions In Matlab (Minimat) Cohort In Bangladesh, Shams El Arifeen, Eva-Charlotte Ekström, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Jena Hamadani, Ashraful I. Khan, Ruchira T. Naved, Anisur Rahman, Rubhana Raqib, Kathleen M. Rasmussen, Katarina Ekholm Selling, Yukiko Wagatsuma, Lars Åke Persson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Use Of International Classification Of Diseases, Ninth Revision Codes For Obesity: Trends In The United States From An Electronic Health Record-Derived Database., Michelle Mocarski, Ye Tian, B. Gabriel Smolarz, John Mcana, Albert Crawford

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Obesity is a potentially modifiable risk factor for many diseases, and a better understanding of its impact on health care utilization, costs, and medical outcomes is needed. The ability to accurately evaluate obesity outcomes depends on a correct identification of the population with obesity. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) coding for overweight and obesity within a US primary care electronic health record (EHR) database compared against actual body mass index (BMI) values from recorded clinical patient data; characteristics of patients with obesity who did …

Internet And Social Media Access Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Mixed-Methods Study., Lauren A. Houdek Vonholtz, Rosemary Frasso, Jesse M. Golinkoff, Alicia J. Lozano, Alexandra Hanlon, Nadia Dowshen

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Youth experiencing homelessness are at a risk for a variety of adverse outcomes. Given the widespread use of the internet and social media, these new technologies may be used to address their needs and for outreach purposes. However, little is known about how this group uses these resources.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated how homeless adolescents use these technologies for general and health-related purposes, whether the scope of their use changes with housing status, and their interest in a website dedicated to youth experiencing homelessness.

METHODS: A convenience sample of youth aged 18 to 21 years was recruited from a …

Teens Implementing A Childhood Obesity Prevention Program In The Community: Feasibility And Perceptions Of A Partnership With Hsta And Icook 4-H., Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Jade A. White, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Sarah E. Colby, Kendra Kattelmann, Adrienne A. White, Melissa D. Olfert

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

High school student researchers and teen leaders from the Health Science Technology Academy (HSTA), under the supervision of HSTA teachers, led a childhood obesity prevention (COP) program (iCook 4-H). The objective was to evaluate the feasibility and perceptions of having teen leaders implement a COP program for dyads of youth (9⁻10 years old) and their primary adult food preparer. Behavior change and perceptions were assessed through surveys and open-ended interviews. Across eight HSTA organizations, 43 teen leaders participated in teaching the iCook 4-H program to 24 dyads. Increased frequency of culinary skills, physical activity and mealtime behavior were reported by …

Dietary Diversity Predicts The Adequacy Of Micronutrient Intake In Pregnant Adolescent Girls And Women In Bangladesh, But Use Of The 5-Group Cutoff Poorly Identifies Individuals With Inadequate Intake, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Lieven Huybregts, Tina G. Sanghvi, Lan Mai Tran, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Purnima Menon, Marie T. Ruel

Faculty Publications

Background: The Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) indicator based on a 10-food group women dietary diversity score (WDDS-10) has been validated to assess dietary quality in nonpregnant women. Little is known about its applicability in pregnant women, and specifically pregnant adolescent girls with higher nutrient requirements. Objectives: This study aimed to 1) compare the adequacy of micronutrient intakes between pregnant adolescent girls and women, 2) examine the performance of WDDS-10 in predicting the mean probability of adequacy (MPA) of 11 micronutrients, and 3) assess how well the MDD-W cutoff of 5 groups performed in pregnant adolescent girls and women. …

Amylin And Diabetic Cardiomyopathy – Amylin-Induced Sarcolemmal Ca2+ Leak Is Independent Of Diabetic Remodeling Of Myocardium, Miao Liu, Amanda Hoskins, Nirmal Verma, Donald M. Bers, Sanda Despa, Florin Despa

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Amylin is a pancreatic β-cell hormone co-secreted with insulin, plays a role in normal glucose homeostasis, and forms amyloid in the pancreatic islets of individuals with type-2 diabetes. Aggregated amylin is also found in blood and extra-pancreatic tissues, including myocardium. Myocardial amylin accumulation is associated with myocyte Ca²⁺ dysregulation in diabetic rats expressing human amylin. Whether deposition of amylin in the heart is a consequence of or a contributor to diabetic cardiomyopathy remains unknown. We used amylin knockout (AKO) mice intravenously infused with either human amylin (i.e, the aggregated form) or non-amyloidogenic (i.e., monomeric) rodent amylin to test the …

Patterns Of Tobacco Use In The United Arab Emirates Healthy Future (Uaehfs) Pilot Study, Mohammed Al-Houqani, Andrea Leinberger-Jabari, Abdullah Al Naeemi, Abdullah Al Junaibi, Eiman Al Zaabi, Naima Oumeziane, Marina Kazim, Fatima Al Maskari, Ayesha Al Dhaheri, Leila Abdel Wareth, Wael Al Mahmeed, Habiba Alsafar, Fatme Al Anouti, Abdishakur Abdulle, Claire K. Inman, Aisha Al Hamiz, Muna Haji, Jiyoung Ahn, Tomas Kirchhoff, Richard B. Hayes, Ravichandran Ramasamy, Ann Marie Schmidt, Omar El Shahawy, Michael Weitzman, Raghib Ali, Scott Sherman

All Works

© 2018 Al-Houqani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Introduction Self-reported tobacco use in the United Arab Emirates is among the highest in the region. Use of tobacco products other than cigarettes is widespread, but little is known about specific behavior use patterns. There have been no studies that have biochemically verified smoking status. Methods The UAE Healthy Future Study (UAEHFS) seeks to understand the causes of non-communicable diseases through …

Validation Of A Novel Scoring System For Changes In Skeletal Manifestations Of Hypophosphatasia In Newborns, Infants, And Children: The Radiographic Global Impression Of Change Scale, Michael P Whyte, Kenji P Fujita, Scott Moseley, David D Thompson, William H Mcalister

Open Access Publications

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is the heritable metabolic disease characterized by impaired skeletal mineralization due to low activity of the tissue-nonspecific isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase. Although HPP during growth often manifests with distinctive radiographic skeletal features, no validated method was available to quantify them, including changes over time. We created the Radiographic Global Impression of Change (RGI-C) scale to assess changes in the skeletal burden of pediatric HPP. Site-specific pairs of radiographs of newborns, infants, and children with HPP from three clinical studies of asfotase alfa, an enzyme replacement therapy for HPP, were obtained at baseline and during treatment. Each pair was …

A Behavioral Lifestyle Intervention Enhanced With Multiple-Behavior Self-Monitoring Using Mobile And Connected Tools For Underserved Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes And Comorbid Overweight Or Obesity: Pilot Comparative Effectiveness Trial, Jing Wang, Chunyan Cai, Nikhil Padhye, Philip Orlander, Mohammad Zare

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Self-monitoring is a cornerstone of behavioral lifestyle interventions for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mobile technology has the potential to improve adherence to self-monitoring and patient outcomes. However, no study has tested the use of a smartphone to facilitate self-monitoring in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus living in the underserved community.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of and compare preliminary efficacy of a behavioral lifestyle intervention using smartphone- or paper-based self-monitoring of multiple behaviors on weight loss and glycemic control in a sample of overweight or obese adults …

Identifying Health Conditions, Priorities, And Relevant Multilevel Health Promotion Intervention Strategies In African American Churches: A Faith Community Health Needs Assessment., Jannette Berkley-Patton, Carole Bowe Thompson, Andrea Bradley-Ewing, Marcie Berman, Alexandria Bauer, Delwyn Catley, Kathy Goggin, Eric Williams, Cassandra Wainright, Therese Petty, Natasha Aduloju-Ajijola

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Comorbidities In Aging Patients With Sickle Cell Disease., Samir K. Ballas

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Sickle cell disease (SCD) in general and sickle cell anemia in particular is a highly complex disorder both at the molecular and clinical levels. Although the molecular lesion is a single-point mutation, the sickle gene is pleiotropic in nature causing multiple phenotypic expressions that constitute the various complications of the disease. Moreover, despite the fact that SCD is a chronic malady, its manifestations are both acute and chronic. The former include, among other things, the recurrent vaso-occlusive crises (its hallmark) and acute chest syndrome. The chronic complications include most commonly avascular necrosis and leg ulcers. Currently, survival of patients with …

Nutrient Intake In The First Two Weeks Of Life And Brain Growth In Preterm Neonates., Juliane Schneider, Céline J Fischer Fumeaux, Emma G Duerden, Ting Guo, Justin Foong, Myriam Bickle Graz, Patric Hagmann, M Mallar Chakravarty, Petra S Hüppi, Lydie Beauport, Anita C Truttmann, Steven P Miller

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

BACKGROUND: Optimizing early nutritional intake in preterm neonates may promote brain health and neurodevelopment through enhanced brain maturation. Our objectives were (1) to determine the association of energy and macronutrient intake in the first 2 weeks of life with regional and total brain growth and white matter (WM) maturation, assessed by 3 serial MRI scans in preterm neonates; (2) to examine how critical illness modifies this association; and (3) to investigate the relationship with neurodevelopmental outcomes.

METHODS: Forty-nine preterm neonates (21 boys, median [interquartile range] gestational age: 27.6 [2.3] weeks) were scanned serially at the following median postmenstrual weeks: 29.4, …

In-Hospital Mortality And Post-Surgical Complications Among Cancer Patients With Metabolic Syndrome, Tomi Akinyemiju, Swati Sakhuja, Neomi Vin-Raviv

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important etiologic and prognostic factor for cancer, but few studies have assessed hospitalization outcomes among patients with both conditions.

Methods

Data was obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization project Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS). Study variables were assessed using ICD-9 codes on adults aged 40 years and over admitted to a US hospital between 2007 and 2011 with primary diagnosis of either breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer. We examined in-hospital mortality, post-surgical complications, and discharge disposition among cancer patients with MetS and compared with non-MetS patients.

Results

Hospitalized breast (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.20–0.46), …

Extracorporeal Cellular Therapy (Elad) In Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Multinational, Prospective, Controlled, Randomized Trial., Julie Thompson, Natasha Jones, Ali Al-Khafaji, Shahid Malik, David Reich, Santiago Munoz, Ross Macnicholas, Tarek Hassanein, Lewis Teperman, Lance Stein, Andrés Duarte-Rojo, Raza Malik, Talal Adhami, Sumeet Asrani, Nikunj Shah, Paul Gaglio, Anupama Duddempudi, Brian Borg, Rajiv Jalan, Robert Brown, Heather Patton, Rohit Satoskar, Simona Rossi, Amay Parikh, Ahmed Elsharkawy, Parvez Mantry, Linda Sher, David Wolf, Marquis Hart, Charles Landis, Alan Wigg, Shahid Habib, Geoffrey Mccaughan, Steven Colquhoun, Alyssa Henry, Patricia Bedard, Lee Landeen, Michael Millis, Robert Ashley, William Frank, Andrew Henry, Jan Stange, Ram Subramanian

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH) is associated with a poor prognosis. There is no proven effective treatment for sAH, which is why early transplantation has been increasingly discussed. Hepatoblastoma-derived C3A cells express anti-inflammatory proteins and growth factors and were tested in an extracorporeal cellular therapy (ELAD) study to establish their effect on survival for subjects with sAH. Adults with sAH, bilirubin ≥8 mg/dL, Maddrey's discriminant function ≥ 32, and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score ≤ 35 were randomized to receive standard of care (SOC) only or 3-5 days of continuous ELAD treatment plus SOC. After a minimum follow-up of …

Results Of Asertaa, A Randomized Prospective Crossover Pharmacogenetic Study Of Immediate-Release Versus Extended-Release Tacrolimus In African American Kidney Transplant Recipients, Jennifer Trofe-Clark, Daniel C Brennan, Patricia West-Thielke, Michael C Milone, Mary Ann Lim, Robin Neubauer, Vincenza Nigro, Roy D Bloom

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Differences in tacrolimus dosing across ancestries is partly attributable to polymorphisms in CYP3A5 genes that encode tacrolimus-metabolizing cytochrome P450 3A5 enzymes. The CYP3A5*1 allele, preponderant in African Americans, is associated with rapid metabolism, subtherapeutic concentrations, and higher dose requirements for tacrolimus, all contributing to worse outcomes. Little is known about the relationship between CYP3A5 genotype and the tacrolimus pharmacokinetic area under the curve (AUC) profile in African Americans or whether pharmacogenetic differences exist between conventional twice-daily, rapidly absorbed, immediate-release tacrolimus (IR-Tac) and once-daily extended-release tacrolimus (LifeCycle Pharma Tac [LCPT]) with a delayed absorption profile.

STUDY DESIGN: Randomized prospective crossover …

Current And Future Applications Of Telemedicine To Optimize The Delivery Of Care In Chronic Liver Disease, Marina Serper, Michael L Volk

Project ECHO Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Genome-Wide Interactions With Dairy Intake For Body Mass Index In Adults Of European Descent, Caren E. Smith, Jack L. Follis, Hassan S. Dashti, Toshiko Tanaka, Mariaelisa Graff, Amanda M. Fretts, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Mary K. Wojczynski, Kris Richardson, Mike A. Nalls, Christina-Alexandra Schulz, Yongmei Liu, Alexis C. Frazier-Wood, Esther Van Eekelen, Carol Wang, Paul S. De Vries, Vera Mikkilä, Rebecca Rohde, Bruce M. Psaty, Torben Hansen, Mary F. Feitosa, Chao-Qiang Lai, Denise K. Houston, Luigi Ferruci, Ulrika Ericson, Zhe Wang, Renée De Mutsert, Wendy H. Oddy, Ester A. L. De Jonge, Ilkka Seppälä, Donna K. Arnett

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Scope: Body weight responds variably to the intake of dairy foods. Genetic variation may contribute to inter‐individual variability in associations between body weight and dairy consumption.

Methods and results: A genome‐wide interaction study to discover genetic variants that account for variation in BMI in the context of low‐fat, high‐fat and total dairy intake in cross‐sectional analysis was conducted. Data from nine discovery studies (up to 25 513 European descent individuals) were meta‐analyzed. Twenty‐six genetic variants reached the selected significance threshold (p‐interaction <10⁻⁷⁾, and six independent variants (LINC01512‐rs7751666, PALM2/AKAP2‐rs914359, ACTA2‐rs1388, PPP1R12A‐rs7961195, LINC00333‐rs9635058, …

What Are The Characteristics Of Vitamin D Metabolism In Opioid Dependence? An Exploratory Longitudinal Study In Australian Primary Care, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Hulse

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVE: Compare vitamin D levels in opioid dependence and control population and adjust for relevant confounding effects. Nuclear hormone receptors (including the vitamin D receptor) have been shown to be key transducers and regulators of intracellular metabolism and comprise an important site of pathophysiological immune and metabolic dysregulation potentially contributing towards pro-ageing changes observed in opioid-dependent patients (ODPs).

DESIGN: Longitudinal prospective comparing ODPs with general medical controls (GMCs).

SETTING: Primary care.

PARTICIPANTS: Prospective review comparing 1168 ODP (72.5% men) and 415 GMC (51.6% men, p

INTERVENTIONS: Nil. Observational study only.

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Serum vitamin D levels and relevant …

Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes And Risk Of Colorectal Cancer In Postmenopausal Women., G. C. Kabat, M. Y. Kim, M. Stefanick, G. Y. F. Ho, D. S. Lane, A. O. Odegaard, M. S. Simon, J. W. Bea, J. Luo, T. E. Wassertheil-Smoller

Journal Articles

Obesity has been postulated to increase the risk of colorectal cancer by mechanisms involving insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. We examined the associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, the metabolic syndrome, metabolic obesity phenotypes and homeostasis model-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR-a marker of insulin resistance) with risk of colorectal cancer in over 21,000 women in the Women's Health Initiative CVD Biomarkers subcohort. Women were cross-classified by BMI (18.5-

Use Of A 4-Week Up-Titration Regimen Of Roflumilast In Patients With Severe Copd, Henrik Watz, Nitin Bagul, Klaus F. Rabe, Stephen I. Rennard, Vijay Kt Alagappan, Jonas Román, Axel Facius, Peter Ma Calverley

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: The oral selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor roflumilast (ROF) reduces exacerbations in patients with severe COPD. Adverse events (AEs) can cause early ROF discontinuation. Alternative dosing strategies may help patients continue their therapy.

METHODS: In this multicenter, double-blind trial, 1,321 patients with severe COPD were randomized 1:1:1 to 4 weeks' treatment with ROF 250 µg once daily (OD), 500 µg every other day (EOD), or 500 µg OD, each followed by ROF 500 µg OD for 8 weeks, plus standard therapy. The primary end point was the percentage of patients prematurely discontinuing study treatment.

RESULTS: Patients in the 250 µg OD/500 …

Common Diagnoses Among Refugee Populations: Linked Results With Statewide Hospital Discharge Database, Kerui Xu, Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway, Ming Qu, Brandon Grimm, Jungyoon Kim

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: According to the U.S. State Department's Refugee Processing Center and the U.S. Census Bureau, in the fiscal year 2016, among all states in the United States, Nebraska resettled the highest number of refugees per capita.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to determine the most common reasons for refugees utilizing hospital services in Nebraska between January 2011 and September 2015, and to examine whether refugee patients had increased risks for adverse health conditions compared to non-refugee patients.

METHODS: Statewide linkage was performed between Nebraska Medicaid Program's immigration data, and 2011-2015 Nebraska hospital discharge data inpatient and outpatient files. …

Investigating The Pubertal Effects Of High Advanced Glycation End Product (Age) Consumption On Mammary Gland Development, Jamie F. Randise

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The mammary gland continues to develop postnatally through puberty, pregnancy, lactation and involution. Evidence supports the notion that critical events in mammary development permanently alter developmentally regulated programs which influence the breast microenvironment to increase breast cancer risk. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are highly reactive metabolites that irreversibly accumulate in tissues as we grow older. The pathogenic effects of AGEs include tissue degeneration, protein dysfunction, aberrant cell signaling and reduced genetic fidelity. AGE accumulation can contribute to pro-inflammatory and -oxidant phenotypes when signaling through the receptor for advanced glycation end-products. AGEs form during normal metabolism but critically, lifestyle factors such …

Exploring The Role Of Mirna-204 In Low Milk Supply, Clare Elizabeth Burton

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Breastfeeding is the optimal method for mothers to deliver nutrients to her newborn(s), providing both short- and long-term health benefits. Unfortunately, only 24% of infants receive exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, as recommended by the World Health Organization and American Academy of Pediatrics, with the most often cited reason for this being “low milk supply”. Low Milk Supply (LMS) is a real and growing problem in the United States, with at least 5-10% (approximately 200,000) mothers experiencing LMS in the US each year. We previously observed temporal expression of miR-204 during normal mammary gland development, which led us …

Predictors Of Noncompliance To Antihypertensive Therapy Among Hypertensive Patients Ghana: Application Of Health Belief Model, Yaa Obirikorang, Christian Obirikorang, Emmanuel Acheampong, Enoch Odame Anto, Daniel Gyamfi, Selorm Philip Segbefia, Michael Opoku Boateng, Dari Pascal Dapilla, Peter Kojo Brenya, Bright Amankwaa, Evans Asamoah Adu, Emmanuel Nsenbah Batu, Adjei Gyimah Akwasi, Beatrice Amoah

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study determined noncompliance to antihypertensive therapy (AHT) and its associated factors in a Ghanaian population by using the health belief model (HBM). This descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kintampo Municipality in Ghana recruited a total of 678 hypertensive patients. The questionnaire constituted information regarding sociodemographics, a five-Likert type HBM questionnaire, and lifestyle-related factors. The rate of noncompliance to AHT in this study was 58.6%. The mean age (SD) of the participants was 43.5 (±5.2) years and median duration of hypertension was 2 years. Overall, the five HBM constructs explained 31.7% of the variance in noncompliance to AHT with a …

Effect Of Military Deployment On Diabetes Mellitus In Air Force Personnel, Irene Folaron, Mark W. True, Jana L. Wardian Phd, Tom J. Sauerwein, Alan Sim, Joshua M. Tate, Alexander G. Rittel, Lee Ann Zarzabal, Sky D. Graybill

Journal Articles: Hospital Medicine

Introduction: Military deployments relocate service members to austere locations with limited medical capabilities, raising uncertainties whether members with diabetes can participate safely. Military regulations require a medical clearance for service members with diabetes prior to deployment, but there is a dearth of data that can guide the provider in this decision. To alleviate the lack of evidence in this area, we analyzed the change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body mass index (BMI) before and after a deployment among active duty U.S. Air Force personnel who deployed with diabetes.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using HbA1c and …

Evaluation Of The Group Lifestyle Balance Program In A Military Setting: An Investment Worth Expanding, Jana L. Wardian Phd, Mark W. True, Tom J. Sauerwein, Nina A. Watson, Austin M. Hoover

Journal Articles: Hospital Medicine

Introduction: The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) demonstrated that lifestyle intervention programs were effective in preventing or delaying the onset of diabetes. The Group Lifestyle Balance (GLB) program translated the DPP curriculum into a 12-wk group intervention for those at risk for diabetes. This retrospective evaluation examined clinical outcomes for patients in the Diabetes Center of Excellence GLB program located at Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center from 2009 to 2013. Objectives included determining rates of retention, demographic characteristics of program completers, and changes in metabolic surrogates of disease prevalence.

Study Design: Adults with prediabetes or metabolic syndrome (MetS) were referred to …

The Effect Of Foot Strike In Female Runners, Courtney Dockry

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine if heel and forefoot striking influence on the amount and type of injuries in recreational female distance runners between the ages of 18 and 25. In addition, shoe type and training intensity were analyzed in relation to injury. METHODS: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted anonymously utilizing The University of Akron’s Qualtrics survey tool. The survey was adopted based on Goss and Gross (2012). The survey was sent via email to members of the Zips Running Club, as well as other runners who fit the criteria to participate …

Independent And Interactive Associations Of Negative Affect, Restraint, And Impulsivity In Relation To Binge Eating Among Women, Tyler B. Mason, Kathryn E. Smith, Jason M. Lavender, Robin J. Lewis

Psychology Faculty Publications

There is growing recognition that impulsivity may serve as an underlying risk factor for binge eating. In addition, the association of impulsivity with binge eating may be moderated by other affective and cognitive risk factors. This study examined independent and interactive associations of negative affect, dietary restraint, and facets of impulsivity with binge eating. A diverse sample of 566 undergraduate women completed online questionnaires of study variables. Results revealed a three-way interaction of negative affect, dietary restraint, and attentional impulsivity in relation to binge eating. Women who were high on each of these three variables reported the greatest levels of …