Digital Commons Network^™

Diet, Physical Activity, And Stress Among Wheelchair Users With Multiple Sclerosis: Examining Individual And Co-Occurring Behavioral Risk Factors, Stephanie L Silveira, Brenda Jeng, Gary Cutter, Robert W Motl

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study examined individual and co-occurring behavioral risk factors (diet, exercise, and stress) in wheelchair users with multiple sclerosis (MS) and potential association with MS symptoms (ie, fatigue, depression, anxiety, pain, sleep, and health-related quality of life [HRQOL]).

DESIGN: Survey.

SETTING: General Community.

PARTICIPANTS: One hundred twenty-three wheelchair users with MS completed this study (N=123).

INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants were mailed instructions for accessing online questionnaires (demographic and clinical characteristics, Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool, and MS symptoms).

RESULTS: Standard cut-points were used to categorize behavioral risk factors …

Knowledge, Attitudes, And Beliefs About Colorectal Cancer Screening In Puerto Rico, Vivian Colón-López, Ileska M Valencia-Torres, Elsa I Ríos, Josheili Llavona, Camille Vélez-Álamo, María E Fernández

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The purpose of this study was to describe the psychosocial factors influencing participation in colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) among Puerto Rican men and women. We conducted seven focus groups in metropolitan and rural areas of Puerto Rico (PR) with men and women (using gender specific groups) aged 50 to 80 years (n = 51) who were non-adherent to CRC guidelines. The focus group guide included questions related to colorectal cancer (CRC) and CRC screening knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs. We analyzed data using a modified grounded theory approach to identify emergent themes. Focus groups revealed seven major themes that represented barriers …

Considerations When Designing And Implementing Pragmatic Clinical Trials That Include Older Hispanics, Rafael Samper-Ternent, Stephanie L Silveira, Alan Stevens, Elena Volpi, Aanand D Naik

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Pragmatic clinical trials (PCTs) are designed to connect researchers with clinicians to assess the real-world effectiveness and feasibility of interventions, treatments, or health care delivery strategies in routine practice. Within PCTs larger, more representative sampling is possible to improve the external validity of the research. Older adults from underrepresented groups can benefit from PCTs given their historically lower engagement in clinical research. The current article focuses on older Hispanic adults with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRDs). Older Hispanic adults represent 19% of the US population and have a higher prevalence of ADRDs than Whites. We provide data from …

Battling History: A Discussion Of How Controlling Images And The Matrix Of Domination Causes Recreations Of Oppression Affecting Black Female Athletes In Gymnastics Today, Nicole T. Cesanek

Student Publications

The history of the slave era led to the creation of several different tropes of African American women used throughout history including the jezebel and the strong Black woman. Coupled with the matrix of domination, researchers are able to understand how this history has led to recreations of oppression among Black female athletes. This has been particularly evident among the sport of gymnastics in which several athletes have experienced severe oppression, which in many cases, has prevented them from speaking up about other serious concerns within their sport such as sexual assault and mental health. The creation of tropes for …

Circadian Rhythm Disrupting Behaviours And Cancer Outcomes In Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review, Kelly D'Cunha, Yikyung Park, Melinda M Protani, Marina M Reeves

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Circadian rhythm disruptors (e.g., night-shift work) are risk factors for breast cancer, however studies on their association with prognosis is limited. A small but growing body of research suggests that altered sleep patterns and eating behaviours are potential mechanistic links between circadian rhythm disruptors and breast cancer. We therefore systematically summarised literature examining the influence of circadian rhythm disrupting behaviours on cancer outcomes in women with breast cancer.

METHODS: A systematic search of five databases from inception to January 2021 was conducted. Original research published in English, assessing the relationship between post-diagnosis sleep patters and eating behaviours, and breast …

Presentation And Prognosis Of Excessive Asymptomatic Atrial Ectopy In Children And Adolescents With Structurally And Functionally Normal Hearts, Thomas R Joyce, James J Joyce, Marye J Gleva, Sunita J Ferns

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Excessive premature atrial complexes (PACs) in pediatric patients with a structurally normal heart are presumed to be benign and self-resolving, but no studies have confirmed this. Adults with excessive PACs, however, are at increased risk for future sustained atrial arrhythmias and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the clinical course of frequent PACs in asymptomatic children. Patients < 21 years old with numerous asymptomatic PACs (>50/24 hours) were retrospectively selected over a 10-year period. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and results of cardiovascular testing were tabulated. Two groups were defined: those with a significant (>20%) reduction in burden of atrial ectopy versus those with an insignificant …

Naive T Cells Inhibit The Outgrowth Of Intractable Antigen-Activated Memory T Cells: Implications For T-Cell Immunotherapy, Sandhya Sharma, Mae Woods, Naren U Mehta, Tim Sauer, Kathan S Parikh, Michael Schmuck-Henneresse, Huimin Zhang, Birju Mehta, Malcolm K Brenner, Helen E Heslop, Cliona M Rooney

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The wider application of T cells targeting viral tumor-antigens via their native receptors is hampered by the failure to expand potent tumor-specific T cells from patients. Here, we examine reasons for and solutions to this failure, taking as our model the preparation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific T cells (EBVSTs) for the treatment of EBV-positive lymphoma. EBVSTs could not be manufactured from almost one-third of patients, either because they failed to expand, or they expanded, but lacked EBV specificity. We identified an underlying cause of this problem and established a clinically feasible approach to overcome it.

METHODS: CD45RO+CD45RA- memory compartment …

Evaluating The Causal Effect Of Tobacco Smoking On White Matter Brain Aging: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis In Uk Biobank, Chen Mo, Jingtao Wang, Zhenyao Ye, Hongjie Ke, Song Liu, Kathryn Hatch, Si Gao, Jessica Magidson, Chixiang Chen, Braxton D Mitchell, Peter Kochunov, L Elliot Hong, Tianzhou Ma, Shuo Chen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for impaired brain function, but its causal effect on white matter brain aging remains unclear. This study aimed to measure the causal effect of tobacco smoking on white matter brain aging.

DESIGN: Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using two non-overlapping data sets (with and without neuroimaging data) from UK Biobank (UKB). The group exposed to smoking and control group consisted of current smokers and never smokers, respectively. Our main method was generalized weighted linear regression with other methods also included as sensitivity analysis.

SETTING: United Kingdom.

PARTICIPANTS: The study cohort included 23 …

Short-Term Neonatal Outcomes Of Pregnancies Complicated By Maternal Obesity, Mara J Dinsmoor, Lynda G Ugwu, Jennifer L Bailit, Uma M Reddy, Ronald J Wapner, Michael W Varner, John M Thorp, Steve N Caritis, Mona Prasad, Alan T N Tita, George R Saade, Yoram Sorokin, Dwight J Rouse, Sean C Blackwell, Jorge E Tolosa, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (Mfmu) Network

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Maternal obesity complicates a high number of pregnancies. The degree to which neonatal outcomes are adversely affected is unclear.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity.

STUDY DESIGN: This study was a secondary analysis of a cohort of deliveries occurring on randomly selected days at 25 hospitals from 2008 to 2011. Data were collected by certified abstractors. This analysis included singleton deliveries between 24 and 42 weeks of gestation. Body mass index was calculated on the basis of maternal height and most recent weight before delivery. Normal and overweight (reference group; body …

The Association Of Smoking And Coffee Consumption With Occurrence Of Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms In Patients With Active Helicobacter Pylori Infection In Jazan City: A Cross-Sectional Study, Anna Palatnik, Paula Mcgee, Jennifer L Bailit, Ronald J Wapner, Michael W Varner, John M Thorp, Steve N Caritis, Mona Prasad, Alan T N Tita, George R Saade, Dwight J Rouse, Sean C Blackwell, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (Mfmu) Networ

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective:

To examine whether there are racial disparities in severe maternal morbidity in patients with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP).

Study Design:

Secondary analysis of an observational study of 115,502 patients who had a live birth at ≥ 20 weeks in 25 hospitals in the US from 2008 to 2011. Only patients with HDP were included in this analysis. Race and ethnicity were categorized as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic and were abstracted from the medical charts. Patients of other races and ethnicities were excluded. Associations were estimated between race and ethnicity and the primary outcome of severe maternal …

A Ring-Like Accretion Structure In M87 Connecting Its Black Hole And Jet, Ru-Sen Lu, Keiichi Asada, Thomas P Krichbaum, Jongho Park, Fumie Tazaki, Hung-Yi Pu, Masanori Nakamura, Andrei Lobanov, Kazuhiro Hada, Kazunori Akiyama, Jae-Young Kim, Ivan Marti-Vidal, José L Gómez, Tomohisa Kawashima, Feng Yuan, Eduardo Ros, Walter Alef, Silke Britzen, Michael Bremer, Avery E Broderick, Akihiro Doi, Gabriele Giovannini, Marcello Giroletti, Paul T P Ho, Mareki Honma, David H Hughes, Makoto Inoue, Wu Jiang, Motoki Kino, Shoko Koyama, Michael Lindqvist, Jun Liu, Alan P Marscher, Satoki Matsushita, Hiroshi Nagai, Helge Rottmann, Tuomas Savolainen, Karl-Friedrich Schuster, Zhi-Qiang Shen, Pablo De Vicente, R Craig Walker, Hai Yang, J Anton Zensus, Juan Carlos Algaba, Alexander Allardi, Uwe Bach, Ryan Berthold, Dan Bintley, Do-Young Byun, Carolina Casadio, Shu-Hao Chang, Chih-Cheng Chang, Song-Chu Chang, Chung-Chen Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Ryan Chilson, Tim C Chuter, John Conway, Geoffrey B Crew, Jessica T Dempsey, Sven Dornbusch, Aaron Faber, Per Friberg, Javier González García, Miguel Gómez Garrido, Chih-Chiang Han, Kuo-Chang Han, Yutaka Hasegawa, Ruben Herrero-Illana, Yau-De Huang, Chih-Wei L Huang, Violette Impellizzeri, Homin Jiang, Hao Jinchi, Taehyun Jung, Juha Kallunki, Petri Kirves, Kimihiro Kimura, Jun Yi Koay, Patrick M Koch, Carsten Kramer, Alex Kraus, Derek Kubo, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Chao-Te Li, Lupin Chun-Che Lin, Ching-Tang Liu, Kuan-Yu Liu, Wen-Ping Lo, Li-Ming Lu, Nicholas Macdonald, Pierre Martin-Cocher, Hugo Messias, Zheng Meyer-Zhao, Anthony Minter, Dhanya G Nair, Hiroaki Nishioka, Timothy J Norton, George Nystrom, Hideo Ogawa, Peter Oshiro, Nimesh A Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Yurii Pidopryhora, Nicolas Pradel, Philippe A Raffin, Ramprasad Rao, Ignacio Ruiz, Salvador Sanchez, Paul Shaw, William Snow, T K Sridharan, Ranjani Srinivasan, Belén Tercero, Pablo Torne, Efthalia Traianou, Jan Wagner, Craig Walther, Ta-Shun Wei, Jun Yang, Chen-Yu Yu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The nearby radio galaxy M87 is a prime target for studying black hole accretion and jet formation1,2. Event Horizon Telescope observations of M87 in 2017, at a wavelength of 1.3 mm, revealed a ring-like structure, which was interpreted as gravitationally lensed emission around a central black hole3. Here we report images of M87 obtained in 2018, at a wavelength of 3.5 mm, showing that the compact radio core is spatially resolved. High-resolution imaging shows a ring-like structure of 8.4+0.5−1.1 Schwarzschild radii in diameter, approximately 50% larger than that seen at 1.3 mm. The outer …

The Hyper-Incarceration Of Female Minority Juvenile Offenders Within The Juvenile And Criminal Justice Systems, Ruth C.A. Philippe

Selected Honors Theses

Young women are the fastest-growing portion of the juvenile justice system population. Girls experience risk factors at higher rates than boys, exhibit mental health issues at higher rates than boys, suffer more negative consequences from justice system involvement than system-involved boys, and are less likely to access treatment than boys. Girls are also more likely to become involved with the justice system for minor offenses such as running away or skipping school. In particular, young women of color receive unfair treatment than their counterparts. Girls of color are disadvantaged and treated differently within both the juvenile and criminal justice systems …

Renal-Hepatic-Pancreatic Dysplasia Type 2: Perinatal Lethal Condition Or A Multisystemic Disorder With Variable Expressivity, Kathryn Gunther, Essam M Imseis, Joyce P Samuel, Elizabeth A Hillman, Tiina H Ojala, Timo Jahnukainen, Paul R Hillman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia type 2 (RHPD2) is a rare condition that has been described in the literature disproportionately in perinatal losses. The main features of liver and kidney involvement are well described, with cardiac malformations and cardiomyopathy adding additional variation to the phenotype. Many patients reported are within larger cohorts of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) or liver failure, and with minimal phenotypic and clinical course data.

METHODS: An independent series of phenotypes and prognosis was aggregated from the literature. In this literature review, we describe an additional patient with RHPD2, provide a clinical update on the …

Assessment Of Predictors Of Early Postoperative Complications After Primary Robotically Assisted Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study, Pouya Iranmanesh, Shinil K Shah, Mickael Chevallay, Christian Toso, Stefan P Mönig, Monika E Hagen, Erik B Wilson, Minoa K Jung

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RRYGB) is performed in an increasing number of bariatric centers worldwide. Previous studies have identified a number of demographic and clinical variables as predictors of postoperative complications after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). Some authors have suggested better early postoperative outcomes after RRYGB compared to LRYGB. The objective of the present study was to assess potential predictors of early postoperative complications after RRYGB.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of two prospective databases containing patients who underwent RRYGB between 2006 and 2019 at two high volumes, accredited bariatric centers was performed. Primary outcome was rate of 30 …

The Brief Case: A New Feature In Journal Of Clinical Microbiology, Makayla M Bavis, Allison M Nicholas, Alexandria J Tobin, Sherri L Christian, Robert J Brown

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The energy demand of breast cancers is in part met through the β-oxidation of exogenous fatty acids. Fatty acids may also be used to aid in cell signaling and toward the construction of new membranes for rapidly proliferating tumor cells. A significant quantity of fatty acids comes from the hydrolysis of lipoprotein triacylglycerols and phospholipids by lipoprotein lipase (LPL). The lipid obtained via LPL in the breast tumor microenvironment may thus promote breast tumor growth and development. In this hypothesis article, we introduce LPL, provide a meta-analysis of RNAseq data showing that LPL is associated with poor prognosis, and explain …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Adverse Perinatal Outcomes At Term, Jacqueline G Parchem, Madeline Murguia Rice, William A Grobman, Jennifer L Bailit, Ronald J Wapner, Michelle P Debbink, John M Thorp, Steve N Caritis, Mona Prasad, Alan T N Tita, George R Saade, Yoram Sorokin, Dwight J Rouse, Jorge E Tolosa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether racial and ethnic disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes exist at term.

Study design: We performed a secondary analysis of a multicenter observational study of 115,502 pregnant patients and their neonates (2008-2011). Singleton, nonanomalous pregnancies delivered from 37 to 41 weeks were included. Race and ethnicity were abstracted from the medical record and categorized as non-Hispanic White (White; referent), non-Hispanic Black (Black), non-Hispanic Asian (Asian), or Hispanic. The primary outcome was an adverse perinatal composite defined as perinatal death, Apgar score < 4 at 5 minutes, ventilator support, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, subgaleal hemorrhage, skeletal fracture, infant stay greater than maternal stay (by ≥ 3 days), brachial plexus palsy, or facial nerve palsy.

Results: Of the 72,117 patients included, 48% were White, 20% Black, 5% Asian, …

Long-Term Maternal Metabolic And Cardiovascular Phenotypes After A Pregnancy Complicated By Mild Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Or Obesity, Ashley N Battarbee, Lisa Mele, Mark B Landon, Michael W Varner, Brian M Casey, Uma M Reddy, Ronald J Wapner, Dwight J Rouse, John M Thorp, Edward K Chien, George Saade, Beth A Plunkett, Sean C Blackwell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective:

To evaluate the association of mild gestational diabetes (GDM) and obesity with metabolic and cardiovascular markers 5-10 years after pregnancy.

Study Design:

This was a secondary analysis of 5-10 year follow-up study of a mild GDM treatment trial and concurrent observational cohort of participants ineligible for the trial with abnormal 1-hour glucose challenge test only. Participants with 2-hour glucose tolerance test at follow-up were included. The primary exposures were mild GDM and obesity. The outcomes were insulinogenic index (IGI), 1/HOMA-IR, and cardiovascular markers VEGF, VCAM-1, CD40L, GDF-15, and ST-2. Multivariable linear regression estimated the association of GDM and obesity …

Overall Survival Associated With Cdk4/6 Inhibitors In Patients With Hr+/Her2- Metastatic Breast Cancer In The United States: A Seer-Medicare Population-Based Study, Ravi K Goyal, Hua Chen, Susan M Abughosh, Holly M Holmes, Sean D Candrilli, Michael L Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Evidence on overall survival (OS) with cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors is generally limited to data from clinical trials or a few observational studies with limited generalizability to Medicare population. The aim of this study was to determine OS benefits associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors in older Medicare patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 overexpressing (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Methods: In a retrospective cohort design, female patients aged ≥65 years with diagnosis of HR+/HER2- MBC from 2015 to 2017 who initiated first-line systemic therapy within 12 months of MBC diagnosis were selected …

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Supplementation Promotes Brain Maturation In Preterm Pigs, Line I Christiansen, Bo Holmqvist, Xiaoyu Pan, Kristine Holgersen, Sandy E H Lindholm, Nicole L Henriksen, Douglas G Burrin, David Ley, Thomas Thymann, Per Torp Sangild, Stanislava Pankratova

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Very preterm infants show low levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which is associated with postnatal growth restriction and poor neurologic outcomes. It remains unknown whether supplemental IGF-1 may stimulate neurodevelopment in preterm neonates. Using cesarean-delivered preterm pigs as a model of preterm infants, we investigated the effects of supplemental IGF-1 on motor function and on regional and cellular brain development. Pigs were treated with 2.25 mg/kg/d recombinant human IGF-1/IGF binding protein-3 complex from birth until day 5 or 9 before the collection of brain samples for quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC), RNA sequencing, and quantitative PCR analyses. Brain protein synthesis was …

Artificial Intelligence-Based Ct Assessment Of Bronchiectasis: The Copdgene Study, Alejandro A Díaz, Pietro Nardelli, Wei Wang, Rubén San José Estépar, Andrew Yen, Seth Kligerman, Diego J Maselli, Wojciech R Dolliver, Andrew Tsao, José L Orejas, Stefano Aliberti, Timothy R Aksamit, Kendra A Young, Gregory L Kinney, George R Washko, Edwin K Silverman, Raúl San José Estépar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background

CT is the standard method used to assess bronchiectasis. A higher airway-to-artery diameter ratio (AAR) is typically used to identify enlarged bronchi and bronchiectasis; however, current imaging methods are limited in assessing the extent of this metric in CT scans.

Purpose

To determine the extent of AARs using an artificial intelligence–based chest CT and assess the association of AARs with exacerbations over time.

Materials and Methods

In a secondary analysis of ever-smokers from the prospective, observational, multicenter COPDGene study, AARs were quantified using an artificial intelligence tool. The percentage of airways with AAR greater than 1 (a measure of …

Baseline Characteristics Of The North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy Cohort, Jonathan E Elliott, Jennifer Mcleland, Susan R Criswell, Yo-El S Ju, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is widely considered a prodromal synucleinopathy, as most with RBD develop overt synucleinopathy within ~10 years. Accordingly, RBD offers an opportunity to test potential treatments at the earliest stages of synucleinopathy. The North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy (NAPS) Consortium has created a multisite RBD participant, primarily clinic-based cohort to better understand characteristics at diagnosis, and in future work, identify predictors of phenoconversion, develop synucleinopathy biomarkers, and enable early stage clinical trial enrollment.

METHODS: Participants ≥18 years of age with overnight polysomnogram-confirmed RBD without Parkinson's disease, dementia, multiple system atrophy, or narcolepsy were …

Fear Of Recurrence, Emotional Well-Being And Quality Of Life Among Long-Term Advanced Ovarian Cancer Survivors, Kathryn Osann, Lari Wenzel, Chelsea Mckinney, Lynne Wagner, David Cella, Giulia Fulci, Mary J Scroggins, Heather A Lankes, Victoria Wang, Kenneth P Nephew, George L Maxwell, Samuel C Mok, Thomas P Conrads, Austin Miller, Michael Birrer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Although advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer is widely considered life-threatening, 17% of women with advanced disease will survive long-term. Little is known about the health-related quality of life (QOL) of long-term ovarian cancer survivors, or how fear of recurrence might affect QOL.

METHODS: 58 long-term survivors with advanced disease participated in the study. Participants completed standardized questionnaires to capture cancer history, QOL, and fear of recurrent disease (FOR). Statistical analyses included multivariable linear models.

RESULTS: Participants averaged 52.8 years at diagnosis and had survived >8 years (mean:13.5); 64% had recurrent disease. Mean FACT-G, FACT-O, and FACT-O-TOI (TOI) scores were …

Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation For Patients With Multiple Myeloma With Translocation (4;14): The Md Anderson Cancer Center Experience, Oren Pasvolsky, Mahmoud R Gaballa, Denái R Milton, Adeel Masood, Sophiya S Sami, Mark R Tanner, Qaiser Bashir, Samer Srour, Neeraj Saini, Jeremy Ramdial, Yago Nieto, Guilin Tang, Pei Lin, Hans C Lee, Krina K Patel, Partow Kebriaei, Sheeba K Thomas, Donna M Weber, Robert Z Orlowski, Elizabeth J Shpall, Richard E Champlin, Muzaffar H Qazilbash

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Translocation between chromosomes 4 and 14, t(4;14), has been reported in 15% of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and is considered a high-risk cytogenetic abnormality associated with inferior outcomes. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HCT) is standard of care for patients with high-risk MM, yet there are scarce data on post-transplantation outcomes of patients with t(4;14) MM. The aim of the present study was to evaluate outcomes of MM patients with t(4;14) who underwent auto-HCT and received contemporary anti-myeloma agents for induction and post-transplantation maintenance. We conducted a retrospective analysis of MM patients with t(4;14), detected by fluorescence in situ …

Impact Of Common Vitamin D-Binding Protein Isoforms On Supplemental Vitamin D3 And/Or Calcium Effects On Colorectal Adenoma Recurrence Risk: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Clinical Trial, David Corley Gibbs, Elizabeth L Barry, Veronika Fedirko, John A Baron, Roberd M Bostick

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Variants in the vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) gene (GC) encode DBP isoforms that may affect vitamin D metabolism. However, whether these isoforms modify the effects of vitamin D3 and/or calcium supplementation on colorectal adenoma recurrence is unclear. We hypothesized that supplementation effects may be stronger among those with the DBP2 isoform (encoded by the rs4588*A allele), which is associated with vitamin D deficiency and modified the associations of circulating vitamin D with risk for colorectal neoplasms in observational studies.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate supplemental vitamin D3 and/or calcium effects on colorectal adenoma recurrence according to 3 common DBP isoforms (DBP1s, …

Dietary Intake Of Total, Heme And Non-Heme Iron And The Risk Of Colorectal Cancer In A European Prospective Cohort Study, Elom K Aglago, Amanda J Cross, Elio Riboli, Veronika Fedirko, David J Hughes, Agnes Fournier, Paula Jakszyn, Heinz Freisling, Marc J Gunter, Christina C Dahm, Kim Overvad, Anne Tjønneland, Cecilie Kyrø, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Joseph A Rothwell, Gianluca Severi, Verena Katzke, Bernard Srour, Matthias B Schulze, Clemens Wittenbecher, Domenico Palli, Sabina Sieri, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Rosario Tumino, Fulvio Ricceri, Bas Bueno-De-Mesquita, Jeroen W G Derksen, Guri Skeie, Torill Enget Jensen, Marko Lukic, Maria-Jose Sánchez, Pilar Amiano, Sandra Colorado-Yohar, Aurelio Barricarte, Ulrika Ericson, Bethany Van Guelpen, Keren Papier, Anika Knuppel, Corinne Casagrande, Inge Huybrechts, Alicia K Heath, Konstantinos K Tsilidis, Mazda Jenab

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Iron is an essential micronutrient with differing intake patterns and metabolism between men and women. Epidemiologic evidence on the association of dietary iron and its heme and non-heme components with colorectal cancer (CRC) development is inconclusive.

METHODS: We examined baseline dietary questionnaire-assessed intakes of total, heme, and non-heme iron and CRC risk in the EPIC cohort. Sex-specific multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using Cox regression. We modelled substitution of a 1 mg/day of heme iron intake with non-heme iron using the leave one-out method.

RESULTS: Of 450,105 participants (318,680 women) followed for 14.2 …

Renal-Hepatic-Pancreatic Dysplasia Type 2: Perinatal Lethal Condition Or A Multisystemic Disorder With Variable Expressivity, Kathryn Gunther, Essam M Imseis, Joyce P Samuel, Elizabeth A Hillman, Tiina H Ojala, Timo Jahnukainen, Paul R Hillman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia type 2 (RHPD2) is a rare condition that has been described in the literature disproportionately in perinatal losses. The main features of liver and kidney involvement are well described, with cardiac malformations and cardiomyopathy adding additional variation to the phenotype. Many patients reported are within larger cohorts of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) or liver failure, and with minimal phenotypic and clinical course data.

METHODS: An independent series of phenotypes and prognosis was aggregated from the literature. In this literature review, we describe an additional patient with RHPD2, provide a clinical update on the …

Ablative Margins Of Colorectal Liver Metastases Using Deformable Ct Image Registration And Autosegmentation, Yuan-Mao Lin, Iwan Paolucci, Caleb S O'Connor, Brian M Anderson, Bastien Rigaud, Bryan M Fellman, Kyle A Jones, Kristy K Brock, Bruno C Odisio

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background

Confirming ablation completeness with sufficient ablative margin is critical for local tumor control following colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) ablation. An image-based confirmation method considering patient- and ablation-related biomechanical deformation is an unmet need.

Purpose

To evaluate a biomechanical deformable image registration (DIR) method for three-dimensional (3D) minimal ablative margin (MAM) quantification and the association with local disease progression following CT-guided CLM ablation.

Materials and Methods

This single-institution retrospective study included patients with CLM treated with CT-guided microwave or radiofrequency ablation from October 2015 to March 2020. A biomechanical DIR method with AI-based autosegmentation of liver, tumors, and ablation zones …

Prospective, Early Longitudinal Assessment Of Lymphedema-Related Quality Of Life Among Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: The Foundation For Building A Patient-Centered Screening Program, Anusha Gandhi, Tianlin Xu, Sarah M Desnyder, Grace L Smith, Ruitao Lin, Carlos H Barcenas, Michael C Stauder, Karen E Hoffman, Eric A Strom, Susan Ferguson, Benjamin D Smith, Wendy A Woodward, George H Perkins, Melissa P Mitchell, Desmond Garner, Chelain R Goodman, Melissa Aldrich, Marigold Travis, Susan Lilly, Isabelle Bedrosian, Simona F Shaitelman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: We examined how breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) affects health-related quality of life (HRQOL), productivity, and compliance with therapeutic interventions to guide structuring BCRL screening programs.

METHODS: We prospectively followed consecutive breast cancer patients who underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) with arm volume screening and measures assessing patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and perceptions of BCRL care. Comparisons by BCRL status were made with Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, Fisher's exact, or t tests. Trends over time from ALND were assessed with linear mixed-effects models.

RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 8 months in 247 patients, 46% self-reported ever having …

Effect Of Thromboprophylaxis On Clinical Outcomes After Covid-19 Hospitalization, Tracy Y Wang, Abdus S Wahed, Alison Morris, Lisa Baumann Kreuziger, John G Quigley, Gervasio A Lamas, Alexandra J Weissman, Jose Lopez-Sendon, M Margaret Knudson, Deborah M Siegal, Raj S Kasthuri, Andrew J Alexander, Lana Wahid, Bassel Atassi, Peter J Miller, Janice W Lawson, Bela Patel, Jerry A Krishnan, Nancy L Shapiro, Deborah E Martin, Andrei L Kindzelski, Eric S Leifer, Jungnam Joo, Lingyun Lyu, Annie Pennella, Brendan M Everett, Mark W Geraci, Kevin J Anstrom, Thomas L Ortel, Activ-4c Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 have an increased incidence of thromboembolism. The role of extended thromboprophylaxis after hospital discharge is unclear.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether anticoagulation is superior to placebo in reducing death and thromboembolic complications among patients discharged after COVID-19 hospitalization.

DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04650087).

SETTING: Done during 2021 to 2022 among 127 U.S. hospitals.

PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 18 years or older hospitalized with COVID-19 for 48 hours or more and ready for discharge, excluding those with a requirement for, or contraindication to, anticoagulation.

INTERVENTION: 2.5 mg of apixaban versus placebo twice daily for …

In-Hospital Mortality Risk Stratification In Children Aged Under 5 Years With Pneumonia With Or Without Pulse Oximetry: A Secondary Analysis Of The Pneumonia Research Partnership To Assess Who Recommendations (Prepare) Dataset, Shubhada Hooli, Carina King, Eric D Mccollum, Tim Colbourn, Norman Lufesi, Charles Mwansambo, Christopher J Gregory, Somsak Thamthitiwat, Clare Cutland, Shabir Ahmed Madhi, Marta C Nunes, Bradford D Gessner, Tabish Hazir, Joseph L Mathew, Emmanuel Addo-Yobo, Noel Chisaka, Mumtaz Hassan, Patricia L Hibberd, Prakash Jeena, Juan M Lozano, William B Macleod, Archana Patel, Donald M Thea, Ngoc Tuong Vy Nguyen, Syed Ma Zaman, Raul O Ruvinsky, Marilla Lucero, Cissy B Kartasasmita, Claudia Turner, Rai Asghar, Salem Banajeh, Imran Iqbal, Irene Maulen-Radovan, Greta Mino-Leon, Samir K Saha, Mathuram Santosham, Sunit Singhi, Shally Awasthi, Ashish Bavdekar, Monidarin Chou, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Jean-William Pape, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala, Valentina Sanchez Picot, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Vanessa Rouzier, Graciela Russomando, Mariam Sylla, Philippe Vanhems, Jianwei Wang, Sudha Basnet, Tor A Strand, Mark I Neuman, Luis Martinez Arroyo, Marcela Echavarria, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Nitya Wadhwa, Rakesh Lodha, Satinder Aneja, Angela Gentile, Mandeep Chadha, Siddhivinayak Hirve, Kerry-Ann F O'Grady, Alexey W Clara, Chris A Rees, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair, Jennifer Falconer, Linda J Williams, Margaret Horne, Shamim A Qazi, Yasir Bin Nisar, Pneumonia Research Partnership To Assess Who Recommendations (Prepare) Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: We determined the pulse oximetry benefit in pediatric pneumonia mortality risk stratification and chest-indrawing pneumonia in-hospital mortality risk factors.

METHODS: We report the characteristics and in-hospital pneumonia-related mortality of children aged 2-59 months who were included in the Pneumonia Research Partnership to Assess WHO Recommendations dataset. We developed multivariable logistic regression models of chest-indrawing pneumonia to identify mortality risk factors.

RESULTS: Among 285,839 children, 164,244 (57.5%) from hospital-based studies were included. Pneumonia case fatality risk (CFR) without pulse oximetry measurement was higher than with measurement (5.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.6-5.9% vs 2.1%, 95% CI 1.9-2.4%). One in five …