Digital Commons Network^™

Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Women In The Us, Brittany C Slatton, Farrah G Cambrice, Serwaa S Omowale

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Black women is a critical public health concern, potentially exacerbating existing health disparities and impacting community-wide vaccination efforts.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Black women in the US and identify the specific concerns and experiences shaping hesitant attitudes toward vaccination.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Qualitative study using in-depth, semistructured interviews conducted virtually between June and November 2021. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes from the interview data. Participants were recruited through social media platforms and word-of-mouth referrals from various regions of the US. Interviews were conducted remotely …

Adverse Prehospital Events And Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury, Amelia W Maiga, Hsing-Hua Sylvia Lin, Stephen R Wisniewski, Joshua B Brown, Ernest E Moore, Martin A Schreiber, Bellal Joseph, Chad T Wilson, Bryan A Cotton, Daniel G Ostermayer, Brian G Harbrecht, Mayur B Patel, Jason L Sperry, Francis X Guyette, Henry E Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: While national guidelines recommend avoidance of hypoxia, hypotension, and hypocarbia in the prehospital care of traumatic brain injury (TBI), limited data validate the association of these adverse physiologic events with TBI outcomes.

Objective: To validate the associations of prehospital hypoxia, hypotension, and hypocarbia with TBI outcomes in a US national trauma network.

Design, setting, and participants: This cohort study examined data from 8 level I trauma centers and their affiliated ground and air emergency medical services (EMS) agencies in the Linking Investigations in Trauma and Emergency Services (LITES) Network from January 1, 2017, to June 30, 2021. Adult patients …

The Role Of Iowa Gambling Task Performance In Response To Citalopram Treatment For Cocaine Use Disorder, Constanza De Dios, Robert Suchting, Charles E Green, Heather E Webber, F Gerard Moeller, Scott D Lane, Joy Schmitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background:

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is associated with executive functioning impairments linked to serotonergic function. Previous studies reported efficacy with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram in reducing cocaine use.

Objectives:

The current study explored moderation and mediation of citalopram effects on cocaine use by performance across executive function domains.

Methods:

We conducted a secondary analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized Bayesian adaptive trial investigating citalopram efficacy in CUD treatment-seeking adults. At baseline and mid-treatment, participants completed assessments of decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task; IGT), attention, response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. Outcomes were longest duration of abstinence (LDA; count of consecutive …

Dexamethasone Dose Intensity Does Not Impact Outcomes In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Secondary Swog Analysis, Rahul Banerjee, Rachael Sexton, Andrew J Cowan, Aaron S Rosenberg, Sikander Ailawadhi, S Vincent Rajkumar, Shaji Kumar, Angela Dispenzieri, Sagar Lonial, Brian G M Durie, Paul G Richardson, Saad Z Usmani, Antje Hoering, Robert Z Orlowski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dexamethasone is a key component of induction for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), despite common toxicities, including hyperglycemia and insomnia. In the randomized ECOG E4A03 trial, dexamethasone 40 mg once weekly was associated with lower mortality than higher doses. However, the performance of dexamethasone dose reductions below this threshold with regard to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in NDMM has not been fully characterized. We conducted a secondary pooled analysis of the SWOG 0777 and SWOG 1211 studies of NDMM, which used lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone, with or without bortezomib, and with or without elotuzumab. The planned …

Optimizing Electrode Configurations For Eeg Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection, Yi Jiang, Xin Zhang, Zhiwei Guo, Xiaobo Zhou, Jiayuan He, Ning Jiang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Optimal electrode configuration of Electroencephalograms (EEG) systems for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) detection and monitoring in non-clinical settings, i.e. number of electrodes and the positions of the electrodes, remains to be explored. In the current study, we explored the optimization of electrode configuration for MCI detection. We used a 32-channel EEG device to record the data of 21 MCI patients and 20 cognitively normal elderly (NC) undergoing working memory (WM) tasks. Based on the differential value (MCI group vs. NC group) from the Power Spectral Density (PSD) value of each electrode in θ and α frequency band during WM …

An Observational Study Of Discourse Tasks And Running Speech Sampling In The Assessment Of Paediatric Voice Quality, Victoria Reynolds, Kristin Scavo-Smith, Kate Oteng-Bediako, Sophie Scanlon

Speech-Language Pathology Faculty Publications

Introduction

Running speech sampling is an essential component of a paediatric voice evaluation, in that it should provide the examiner with a representative vocal sample of the child's everyday voice use outside of the clinic setting. Current speech sampling practices, consisting of reading tasks, informal conversation sampling and the voice question ('Tell me about your voice problem'), may not elicit consistent samples or samples of sufficient length to allow the examiner to make a reliable and valid judgement about vocal quality. The aim of this study is to compare the voice quality of children produced in response to existing running …

Examining The Relationships Among Childbirth Satisfaction, Maternal Functioning, And Psychological Flexibility In Postpartum Mothers, Ryanne N. Schaad

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Childbirth dissatisfaction, defined as a woman’s negative evaluation of the labor and delivery experience, is common and can have significant consequences for women and their infants, particularly in terms of maternal functioning. Given that childbirth satisfaction is related to maternal functioning in the postpartum period, a better understanding of modifiable factors that could be targeted to bolster maternal functioning is warranted. Psychological flexibility, a construct from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, has gained increasing empirical support as a modifiable factor for psychological distress and could serve as a potential construct to further examine the relationship between childbirth satisfaction and maternal functioning. …

Different Responses Involving Tfh Cells Delay Parasite-Specific Antibody Production In Trypanosoma Cruzi Acute Experimental Models, Ana Carolina Leão, Maria Jose Villar, Rakesh Adhikari, Cristina Poveda, Leroy Versteeg, Gregório Almeida, Peter J Hotez, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Kathryn M Jones

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Introduction: Chagas disease (CD), caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affects millions globally. Despite treatment options in the acute phase, most infections progress to a chronic indeterminate form or develop severe cardiac/gastrointestinal complications. Understanding the immune response is crucial for the development of vaccines and more efficient drugs for the disease control.

Methods: This work investigates the immune response to T. cruzi H1 K68 strain infection in female BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice to characterize differences in Tfh and B cell responses that may be involved in the poor parasite-specific antibody production during acute infection. For this, mice were euthanized …

Biallelic Variation In The Choline And Ethanolamine Transporter Flvcr1 Underlies A Severe Developmental Disorder Spectrum, Daniel G Calame, Jovi Huixin Wong, Puravi Panda, Dat Tuan Nguyen, Nancy C P Leong, Riccardo Sangermano, Sohil G Patankar, Mohamed S Abdel-Hamid, Lama Alabdi, Sylvia Safwat, Kyle P Flannery, Zain Dardas, Jawid M Fatih, Chaya Murali, Varun Kannan, Timothy E Lotze, Isabella Herman, Farah Ammouri, Brianna Rezich, Stephanie Efthymiou, Shahryar Alavi, David Murphy, Zahra Firoozfar, Mahya Ebrahimi Nasab, Amir Bahreini, Majid Ghasemi, Nourelhoda A Haridy, Hamid Reza Goldouzi, Fatemeh Eghbal, Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani, Amber Begtrup, Houda Elloumi, Varunvenkat M Srinivasan, Vykuntaraju K Gowda, Haowei Du, Shalini N Jhangiani, Zeynep Coban-Akdemir, Dana Marafi, Lance Rodan, Sedat Isikay, Jill A Rosenfeld, Subhadra Ramanathan, Michael Staton, Kerby C Oberg, Robin D Clark, Catharina Wenman, Sam Loughlin, Ramy Saad, Tazeen Ashraf, Alison Male, Shereen Tadros, Reza Boostani, Ghada M H Abdel-Salam, Maha Zaki, Ali Mardi, Farzad Hashemi-Gorji, Ebtesam Abdalla, M Chiara Manzini, Davut Pehlivan, Jennifer E Posey, Richard A Gibbs, Henry Houlden, Fowzan S Alkuraya, Kinga Bujakowska, Reza Maroofian, James R Lupski, Long N Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: FLVCR1 encodes a solute carrier protein implicated in heme, choline, and ethanolamine transport. Although Flvcr1-/- mice exhibit skeletal malformations and defective erythropoiesis reminiscent of Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), biallelic FLVCR1 variants in humans have previously only been linked to childhood or adult-onset ataxia, sensory neuropathy, and retinitis pigmentosa.

Methods: We identified individuals with undiagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders and biallelic FLVCR1 variants through international data sharing and characterized the functional consequences of their FLVCR1 variants.

Results: We ascertained 30 patients from 23 unrelated families with biallelic FLVCR1 variants and characterized a novel FLVCR1-related phenotype: severe developmental disorders with profound developmental delay, microcephaly …

Evaluation Of Methotrexate Pharmacogenomic Variation To Predict Acute Neurotoxicity In Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Rachel D Harris, Olga A Taylor, M Monica Gramatges, Amy E Hughes, Mark Zobeck, Sandi Pruitt, M Brooke Bernhardt, Ashley Chavana, Van Huynh, Kathleen Ludwig, Laura Klesse, Kenneth Heym, Timothy Griffin, Rodrigo Erana, Juan Carlos Bernini, Ashley Choi, Yuu Ohno, Melissa A Richard, Alanna C Morrison, Han Chen, Bing Yu, Philip J Lupo, Karen Rabin, Michael E Scheurer, Austin L Brown

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Methotrexate is an important component of curative therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but the role of genetic variation influencing methotrexate clearance and transport in toxicity susceptibility in children with ALL is not well established. Therefore, we evaluated the association between suspected methotrexate pharmacogenomic variants and methotrexate-related neurotoxicity.

METHODS: This study included children (aged 2-20 years) diagnosed with ALL (2005-2019) at six treatment centers in the southwest United States. Clinical information was abstracted from medical records. Suspected neurotoxic events occurring within 21 days of intravenous and/or intrathecal methotrexate delivered between the end of induction and start of maintenance …

Dissemination And Implementation Of Injury Prevention Interventions: A Scoping Review For The Female, Woman And Girl Athlete Injury Prevention (Fair) Consensus, Brooke E. Patterson, Carly D. Mckay, Meghan L. Critchley, Destiny Lutz, Sallie M. Cowan, Nicholas Kolesky, Vanda White, Allison M. Ezzat, Andrew G. Ross, William M. Adams, Eva Ageberg, Clare L. Ardern, Marelise Badenhorst, Molly Coventry, Marc Olivier Dubé, Stacey Emmonds, Libby J. Gracias, K. Alix Hayden, Hanna Lindblom, Merete Møller, Christine Holm Moseid, Nancy Harrington, Dai Sugimoto, Evert Verhagen, Kate K. Yung, Phathokuhle C. Zondi

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: To synthesise evidence related to the dissemination and implementation (D&I) of injury prevention interventions for female, woman and/or girl (female/woman/girl) athletes. Design Scoping review. Data sources MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Databases for Systematic Review, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials Registry, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ERIC, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses Global. Eligibility Primary research including ≥25% female/woman/girl athletes of any age or people working with them (eg, coaches), participating in sports competition and/or performance, were eligible. Papers reporting D&I outcomes (eg, coach knowledge, adoption and maintenance) related to an injury prevention intervention and/or a factor (eg, coach beliefs) associated with …

Thromboelastography Versus Thromboelastometry For Unfractionated Heparin Monitoring In Adult Patients On Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Ellen B Yin, Arthur W Bracey, Subhasis Chatterjee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Monitoring the anticoagulant effect of unfractionated heparin (UFH) in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients is complex but critically important to balance the risks of treatment related bleeding and circuit thrombosis. While guidelines recommend using more than one method to monitor UFH activity, the use of thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to monitor UFH in ECMO patients has not been investigated in detail.

Methods: This is an observational, single-center retrospective study looking at adult ECMO patients on UFH that had ROTEM and thromboelastography (TEG) tests obtained concurrently. A total of 20 samples were obtained from nine patients during the study period, …

Healthcare Utilization Unchanged In The Control Arm Of A Randomized Clinical Trial, Pratik Gongloor, Saad Nadeem, Xiaoying Yu, Mukaila Raji, Kristina D Mena, Elizabeth M Vaughan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

including among control groups. Increased access to care and heightened health awareness during trial enrollment could lead to altered behaviors, a phenomenon known as the Hawthorne effect, which may obscure true intervention impacts; however, this effect remains poorly studied in low-income environments.

Aim: To conduct a secondary exploratory analysis of healthcare utilization among control participants of a randomized clinical trial (RCT).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed electronic medical records from the control arm (n = 26) of an RCT involving low-income Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes receiving care at a community clinic. Before randomization to a 12-month diabetes education intervention …

Outcomes In Pediatric Cholesteatoma, Katherine M Miller, Yi-Chun Carol Liu, Jaqueline E Weinstein, Michael S Cohen, David H Chi, Samantha Anne

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to evaluate the outcomes of surgical management options for cholesteatoma using a national database.

STUDY DESIGN: Database analysis of the Pediatric Health Information System database to identify children undergoing surgical intervention for cholesteatoma from October 2015 to December 2022.

METHODS: Patients were categorized by initial surgical modality: tympanoplasty (TM), tympanoplasty with canal wall-up tympanomastoidectomy (TM-CWU), and tympanoplasty with canal wall-down tympanomastoidectomy (TM-CWD). Group comparisons were done on number of surgical revisions and number of patients identified with recommendations for hearing aids.

RESULTS: A total of 6304 patients were identified in the database who …

Hearing Rehabilitation In Serac1 Related Megd(H)El Syndrome – Implications From A Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study, Sebastian Roesch, Anna O'Sullivan, Stefan Tschani, Anna Baghdasaryan, Shanti Balasubramaniam, Ivo Barić, Lonneke De Boer, Sarah C Grünert, Anna Guzek, Mirian Janssen, Zita Krumina, Mary Kay Koenig, Ashleigh M Lewkowitz, Fanny Mochel, Arianne Monge Naldi, Barbara Plecko, Kerem Öztürk, Lauren O'Grady, Gillian Riordan, Daisy Rymen, Inderneel Sahai, René Santer, Manuel Schiff, Georg M Stettner, Konstantinos Tsiakas, Sema Kalkan Uçar, Özlem Ünal Uzun, Corina Weigel, Peter Witters, Kajus Merkevicius, Johannes A Mayr, Saskia B Wortmann, Katarzyna Iwanicka-Pronicka

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (MEG), dystonia-deafness (D), (hepatopathy (H)), encephalopathy (E), and Leigh-like-syndrome (L) (MEGD(H)EL) syndrome is a rare, severely disabling progressive mitochondrial disease associated with biallelic pathogenic variants in SERAC1. Knowledge about hearing loss (HL) and hearing rehabilitation is scarce but highly sought after for best possible care in the absence of causative treatment.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Results: This study analyzed the audiometric data of 36 MEGD(H)EL patients (14 unpublished). Bilateral HL was diagnosed in 31 individuals (86 %). Detailed audiometric data, available for 23 of 31 patients, did not allow for general statements on site and degree of …

An Evaluation Of The Decline In Primary Care Physician Visits, 2010 To 2021, Anuradha Jetty, Marie Ezran, Alison Huffstetler, Yalda Jabbarpour

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Primary care is the backbone of the United States healthcare system, yet it continues to be underfunded and inaccessible to many. Previous studies explored primary care visit patterns until 2016, leaving gaps in our understanding of how recent factors like state Medicaid expansions, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and population growth have influenced these patterns. Hence, the objective of the current study was to analyze the trends in primary care visits provided by outpatient clinicians over time and by visit type and contextualize study findings within the changing healthcare landscape.

METHODS: The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data (2010-2021) …

Serum Metabolome Profiling In Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment Reveals Sex Differences In Lipid Metabolism, Rocio Diaz Escarcega, Vijay Kumar M J, Vasilia E Kyriakopoulos, Guadalupe J Ortiz, Aaron M Gusdon, Huihui Fan, Pedram Peesh, Maria P Blasco Conesa, Gabriela Delevati Colpo, Hilda W Ahnstedt, Lucy Couture, Stella H Kim, Miriam Hinojosa, Christine M Farrell, Sean P Marrelli, Akihiko Urayama, Bhanu P Ganesh, Paul E Schulz, Louise D Mccullough, Andrey S Tsvetkov

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects more women than men. Although women live longer than men, it is not longevity alone, but other factors, including metabolic changes, that contribute to the higher risk of AD in women. Metabolic pathways have been implicated in AD progression, but studies to date examined targeted pathways, leaving many metabolites unmeasured. Sex is often a neglected biological variable, and most metabolomic studies were not designed to investigate sex differences in metabolomic profiles. Here, we performed untargeted metabolomic profiling of sera from male and female patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a common precursor to AD, and matched …

Sex Differences In Brain Iron Deposition And Microglial Ferritin In Alzheimer’S Disease, Syed Mushfiqur Rahman, Chunfeng Tan, Akiyoshi Kakita, Jose Felix Moruno-Manchon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective

Iron is the most abundant metal in the human brain, and plays a crucial role in many biological processes. However, disruptions in brain iron metabolism can lead to iron buildup, which occurs with aging and is linked to several brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, have the highest capacity to store iron, which is stored intracellularly within ferritin complexes. Importantly, women are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and experience faster disease progression compared to men.

Methods

We used postmortem brain samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease and small vessel disease patients …

Social And Structural Determinants Of Mammography Screening Rates Among Female Medicare Beneficiaries: A Retrospective Analysis, Stephen Fuglsang, Rakhsha Khatri

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Introduction: Despite Medicare fully covering annual mammogram costs, less than one half of female Ohio residents aged 65-74 sought yearly mammograms. As such, our analyses explore which social and structural determinants of health predict the likelihood that a woman aged 65-74 on Medicare will receive an annual mammogram.
Methods: This retrospective analysis utilized data from the County Health Rankings database, focusing on female Medicare enrollees aged 65-74. Mammography screening rates were compared across counties within Ohio, Michigan, and Missouri. Pearson and Spearman correlation tests were employed to examine relationships between English non-proficiency, high school graduation rates, residential segregation, primary care …

Cervical Cancer Prevention Behaviors In Young Black Women, Angela J Johnson, Monica J Johnson, Juinell B Williams, Emma Muscari, Laura Palmo, Michelle Ruiz, Brianna Bush, Lisa C Campbell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: In the United States, Black women have the second highest incidence of cervical cancer (CC) due to high incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV), slow HPV clearance rates, and low receipt of preventive pap smears and vaccines.

Objective: A Black Feminist Thought framework was used to examine how the media portrayal of Black women, racial identity, and familial factors impact CC prevention behaviors among young Black women.

Design: Black women enrolled at a large southeastern university consented and participated in an online mixed-methods survey examining facilitators and barriers to CC prevention behaviors. Quantitative items were analyzed via descriptive statistics, and …

Measuring Stigma In Pediatric Oncology: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Three Global Sites, Lara E Counts, Sara M Malone, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Stigma contributes to fear and shame, resulting in delays in care-seeking behavior among individuals with cancer. As a social construct, stigma is affected by language, religion, culture, and local norms. This study explored pediatric cancer stigma at the time of diagnosis across diverse settings through the adaptation of two stigma measures.

METHODS: This study was conducted with adolescents and caregivers of children with osteosarcoma and retinoblastoma at three centers in Jordan, Guatemala, and Zimbabwe. The Stigma-related Social Problems (SSP) and the eight-item Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI-8) measures were translated into Arabic, Spanish, and Shona and contextually adapted …

Usability Of The Mayo Test Drive Remote Self-Administered Web-Based Cognitive Screening Battery In Adults Aged 35-100 With And Without Cognitive Impairment, Jay S Patel, Jason Hassenstab, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mayo Test Drive (MTD): Mayo Test Development through Rapid Iteration, Validation and Expansion, is a web-based remote cognitive assessment platform for self-administered neuropsychological measures with previously demonstrated validity and reliability. We examined the usability of MTD and hypothesized that completion rates would be greater than 90%. We explored whether completion and participation rates differed by cognitive status and demographic factors.

METHODS: A total of 1,950 Mayo Clinic Study of Aging and Mayo Alzheimer's Disease Research Center participants (97% White, 99% Non-Hispanic) were invited to participate in this ancillary, uncompensated remote study. Most invitees were cognitively unimpaired (CU;

RESULTS: Baseline …

Cluster Randomized Multilevel Intervention For Promoting Physical Activity In Rural Communities, Alan M Beck, Natalicio Serrano, Dixie Duncan, Amy A Eyler, Amanda Gilbert, Fatemeh Naghiloo, Rodrigo Reis, Rachel G Tabak, Ross C Brownson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Rural areas of the United States have lower levels of physical activity (PA) as compared to their urban and suburban counterparts, leading to higher levels of chronic diseases. The objective of the study was to increase PA in rural communities via a multilevel intervention.

METHODS: We implemented a cluster randomized controlled trial of a community-based multilevel PA intervention between 2019 and 2022 in 14 rural communities. The intervention consisted of (1) text messaging (i.e., individual level), (2) encouragement of walking groups (i.e., interpersonal level), and (3) community-based marketing (i.e., community level).

RESULTS: Participants meeting the 2018 PA guidelines for …

Barriers And Facilitators Of Integrating Cervical Cancer Screening Into Routine Hiv Care And Acceptability Of Self-Sampling For Hpv Dna Testing Among People With Hiv: An Exploratory Study In Southern Ghana, Evelyn Yayra Bonney, Emmanuel Frimpong Gyekye, Jonathan Klutse, Dzidzor Aku Attoh, Yeena Abla Tay, Nicholas Ekow Thomford, Mary Amoakoh-Coleman, Kwadwo Ansah Koram, George Boateng Kyei, Collins Stephen Ahorlu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer poses a substantial global health challenge, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income nations. Women living with HIV are disproportionately affected compared to the general population. Our study explored the acceptance and preferences of participants regarding cervical cancer screening procedures during their HIV clinic visits.

METHODS: Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to inform questions, we conducted semi-structured in-depth qualitative interviews with 85 people with HIV (PWH), across six southern Ghana sites, to identify factors that could promote or impede the integration of cervical cancer screening into HIV care in Ghana. We also explored the acceptability of …

Adapting A Sexual And Reproductive Health Program For Latina Teens And Their Female Caregivers: A Qualitative Study, Katherine G Merrill, Ana A Baumann, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Adaptation is widely recognized as important when interventions are to be delivered in new settings or with new populations. However, there are gaps in the literature on how adaptations are carried out and documented. IMARA is a 12-h evidence-based sexual health intervention for Black teens and their mothers, designed for delivery over two days. We present our systematic process of adapting IMARA for Latinas to produce the

METHODS: Using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach, we carried out a qualitative study that included 7 focus groups: 4 with staff from community partner organizations (

RESULTS: Informed by the data, …

Problem-Solving Training To Improve Caregiver Burden And Depressive Symptoms Among Dementia Caregivers: Personal And Clinical Factors Of Responders Vs. Non-Responders, Shannon B Juengst, Matthew Lee Smith, Kristin Wilmoth, Brittany Wright, Gang Han, Charlene Supnet, Gladys Maestre

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Metacognitive strategy training interventions, like Problem-Solving Training/Descubriendo Soluciones Juntos (PST/DSJ), have efficacy for improving caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. We previously demonstrated that PST/DSJ improved caregiver burden and depressive symptoms among caregivers of adults with Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias (ADRD), regardless of the number of sessions or boosters received. However, these results did not examine factors characterizing those who responded (improvement in caregiver burden or depressive symptoms) or did not respond to the intervention.

OBJECTIVE: To identify key personal and clinical factors associated with response to PST/DSJ. Personal factors included age, gender, race, Hispanic ethnicity, education, and employment …

Improving Outcomes Of Single-Sided Deaf Cochlear Implant Users By Reducing Interaural Frequency And Loudness Mismatches Through Device Programming, Laura K Holden, Rosalie M Uchanski, Noël Y Dwyer, Ruth M Reeder, Timothy A Holden, Jill B Firszt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The study aimed to improve outcomes in Nucleus cochlear implant (CI) recipients with single-sided deafness (SSD) by reducing interaural frequency and loudness mismatches through device programming. In Experiment 1a, a modified frequency allocation table (FAT) was created to better match the tonotopicity of the contralateral ear and reduce interaural frequency mismatch. Twenty experienced SSD-CI users completed localization and speech recognition tests with their everyday FAT. Tests were repeated after 6 weeks' use of the modified FAT. Participants compared both FATs for 2 weeks before being tested again with each. For 10 newly implanted SSD-CI recipients (Experiment 1b), Group A was …

The Catalytic Tool To Assess Feasibility Of Implementing Evidence-Based Interventions For Cardiovascular Diseases In 46 Low- And Middle-Income Countries: Survey Outcomes And Tool Reliability Testing, Temitope Ojo, Hanan Yassin, Esther Sowunmi, Tania Hameed, Nessa Ryan, Joyce Gyamfi, Donna Shelley, Olugbenga Ogedegbe, Emmanuel Peprah

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based interventions (EBI) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) may face feasibility challenges due to the inadequacy of existing instruments. To address this, researchers developed the Contextual Index of Feasibility on Early-Stage Implementation in LMIC (CATALYTIC) tool, which integrates contextual factors into the assessment of feasibility.

METHODS: The tool's items were developed through a systematic review and key informant interviews, and were later assessed for relevance and importance by 13 LMIC researchers and implementers employing a Delphi technique. The survey was then tested for usability by five individuals with CVD experience in LMIC. The CATALYTIC …

Overcoming Recruitment Barriers Through Meaningful Community Engagement: Lessons Learned From A Maternal-Child Food Insecurity Assessment In Underserved Communities, Gabriela Buccini, Cristina Hernandez, Kristen N Herlosky, Shannon Rabb, Lizette Guillen, Dodds Simangan, Jyoti Desai, Alison Brown, Juanita Chinn, Timothy Grigsby, Jason Flatt, Ana A Baumann

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Recruiting participants from underserved communities for research can be challenging due to multilevel barriers. We conducted a maternal-child food insecurity needs assessment within underserved communities in urban Las Vegas, Nevada, and numerous barriers were faced to recruiting participants. This study aimed to examine barriers to participant recruitment, identify practical strategies for engaging participants, and analyze these strategies guided by the Meaningful Community Engagement Framework.

METHODS: This case study used an ethnography approach to analyze data collection barriers and community engagement strategies employed from March 2022 to February 2023 during a maternal-child food insecurity needs assessment. Inductive and deductive qualitative …

Associations Between Microaggressions, Depression, Anxiety, And Alcohol Use Among Black Young Adults: Findings From A Pilot Study, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg, Xiao Li, Layna Paraboschi, Lucy Meigs, Erin Kasson, Hannah S Szlyk, Janiene E Peoples, Devin E Banks, Alex T Ramsey, Nicholas C Jacobson, Carolyn E Sartor

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: This pilot study, which was designed to inform mobile health intervention development, assessed the frequency of various microaggressions and explored associations among microaggressions, alcohol use, depression, and anxiety in Black young adults.

METHODS: Ninety-two Black adults (mean age = 22.2 [SD = 1.9]) who regularly consume alcohol were recruited through social media to complete a survey on microaggressions, depression, anxiety, and alcohol use. Microaggression frequencies were calculated and a Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test was used to model interrelationships among microaggressions, depression, and anxiety with respect to binge drinking.

RESULTS: Past-30-day microaggression experiences were reported by 82.6% of participants. Stratified analyses signaled …