Digital Commons Network^™

The Influence Of Training On Kinematics Related To Knee Injury In Novice Runners, Kathryn Harrison

Theses and Dissertations

Running is known to provide important health benefits. However, the incidence of injury among runners is high, particularly among novice runners, which discourages long term participation in the sport. The knee is the most commonly injured joint in novice runners. In general, aberrant frontal and transverse plane kinematics are associated with the development of knee injuries in runners. It was unknown whether the high rate of knee injury in novice runners was due to abnormal kinematics. Further, it was unclear whether these risk factors for injury could be improved. This dissertation includes four studies investigating kinematics in novice runners, how …

The Experience Of Female Veterans’ Transitioning To Post—Active— Duty Health Care, Sarah A. Bradwisch

Theses & Dissertations

Problem Statement: Female veterans are growing in record numbers and are the fastest growing segment of the veteran population in the United States(U.S.). After discharge from the military, female veterans face a difficult challenge in finding quality, efficient, and gender-specific health care following active duty. The growing number of female veterans in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care facilities has highlighted gaps in access to care and quality of care for female veterans. Methodology: Interpretive phenomenology was used to better understand the meaning of 11 U.S. female veterans’ experiences. Semi-structured telephone interviews and the analytic approach of Martin …

Genomic Prediction Of Relapse In Recipients Of Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation., J Ritari, K Hyvärinen, S Koskela, M Itälä-Remes, R Niittyvuopio, A Nihtinen, U Salmenniemi, M Putkonen, L Volin, T Kwan, T Pastinen, J Partanen

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation currently represents the primary potentially curative treatment for cancers of the blood and bone marrow. While relapse occurs in approximately 30% of patients, few risk-modifying genetic variants have been identified. The present study evaluates the predictive potential of patient genetics on relapse risk in a genome-wide manner. We studied 151 graft recipients with HLA-matched sibling donors by sequencing the whole-exome, active immunoregulatory regions, and the full MHC region. To assess the predictive capability and contributions of SNPs and INDELs, we employed machine learning and a feature selection approach in a cross-validation framework to discover the …

Weaning Of Moderately Preterm Infants From The Incubator To The Crib: A Randomized Clinical Trial., Seetha Shankaran, Edward F. Bell, Abbot R. Laptook, Shampa Saha, Nancy S. Newman, S Nadya J Kazzi, John Barks, Barbara J. Stoll, Rebecca Bara, Jenna Gabrio, Kirsten Childs, Abhik Das, Rosemary D. Higgins, Waldemar A. Carlo, Pablo J. Sánchez, David P. Carlton, Lara Pavageau, William F. Malcolm, Carl T. D'Angio, Robin K. Ohls, Brenda B. Poindexter, Gregory M. Sokol, Krisa P. Van Meurs, Tarah T. Colaizy, Ayman Khmour, Karen M. Puopolo, Meena Garg, Michele C. Walsh, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health, And Human Development Neonatal Research Network, William E. Truog, Eugenia K. Pallotto, Howard Kilbride, Cheri Gauldin, Anne Holmes, K Johnson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether length of hospital stay is decreased among moderately preterm infants weaned from incubator to crib at a lower vs higher weight.

STUDY DESIGN: This trial was conducted in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Infants with gestational ages 29-33 weeks, birthweightg, and in an incubator were randomly assigned to a weaning weight of 1600 or 1800 g. Within 60 to 100 g of weaning weight, the incubator temperature was decreased by 1.0°C to 1.5°C every 24 hours until 28.0°C. The infants were weaned to the crib following …

The Role Of The Midfoot In Drop Landings, Mark T. Olsen, Dustin A. Bruening, A. Wayne Johnson, Sarah T. Ridge

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The midfoot is instrumental to foot function; however, quantifying its roles in human movement has been difficult. A forceful dynamic activity like landing may help elucidate the midfoot’s contribution to foot energetics and function. The main purpose of this study was to measure midtarsal joint kinematics and kinetics during a barefoot single-leg landing task. A secondary aim of this study was to explore the relationship between static foot posture and dynamic midfoot function.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study design, 48 females (age = 20.4 ± 1.8 yr, body mass index = 21.6 ± 1.7 kg/m) performed drop landings from …

African American, Postrelease, Opioid, Female Offenders' Experiences In Job Interviews, Wanda Dunmore

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The increasing recidivism rate for African American female offenders is exacerbated by postrelease job candidates' difficulties with interviewing for employment. The purpose of this hermeneutical, phenomenological study was to examine experiences from postrelease, African American, female, opioid offenders when interviewing with potential employers. Critical race Black feminist theory was used as the ontological lens for this research. Criterion sampling was used to recruit 12 female African American opioid female research participants. Data collection occurred via 12 semistructured, face-to-face interviewees. Thematic analysis was used to develop common emergent themes from the lived experiences of postrelease, African American, female, opioid offenders. Results …

The Chest Australia Trial: A Randomised Controlled Trial Of An Intervention To Increase Consultation Rates In Smokers At Risk Of Lung Cancer, Jon D. Emery, Sonya R. Murray, Fiona M. Walter, Andrew Martin, Stephen Goodall, Danielle Mazza, Emily Habgood, Yvonne Kutzer, David John Barnes, Peter Murchie

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: International research has focused on screening and mass media campaigns to promote earlier patient presentation and detect lung cancer earlier. This trial tested the effect of a behavioural intervention in people at increased risk of lung cancer on help-seeking for respiratory symptoms.

Methods: Parallel, individually randomised controlled trial. Eligible participants were long-term smokers with at least 20 pack-years, aged 55 and above. The CHEST intervention entailed a consultation to discuss and implement a self-help manual, followed by self-monitoring reminders to encourage help-seeking for respiratory symptoms. The control group received a brief discussion about lung health. Both groups had baseline …

Resting-State Functional Connectivity Of The Habenula In Mood Disorder Patients With And Without Suicide-Related Behaviors, Elisa Ambrosi, David B Arciniegas, Kaylah N Curtis, Michelle A Patriquin, Gianfranco Spalletta, Gabriele Sani, B Christopher Frueh, J Christopher Fowler, Alok Madan, Ramiro Salas

Staff and Researcher Publications

The habenula is a small midbrain structure that is important for brain signaling and learning from negative events. Thus, the habenula is strongly connected to both the reward system and motor regions. Increasing evidence suggests a role for the habenula in the etiology of psychiatric disorders, including mood and substance use disorders. However, no studies to date have investigated habenular resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in suicide-related behaviors (SB). The authors enrolled 123 individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder and a history of suicide-related behaviors (SB+), 74 individuals with MDD or bipolar disorder and a history of suicidal …

Resveratrol Attenuates Allergic Asthma And Associated Inflammation In The Lungs Through Regulation Of Mirna-34a That Targets Foxp3 In Mice, Esraah Alharris, Hasan Alghetaa, Ratanesh K. Seth, Saurabh Chatterjee, Narendra P. Singh, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti

Faculty Publications

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airways mediated by T-helper 2 (Th2) cells involving complex signaling pathways. Although resveratrol has previously been shown to attenuate allergic asthma, the role of miRNA in this process has not been studied. We investigated the effect of resveratrol on ovalbumin-induced experimental allergic asthma in mice. To that end, BALB/c mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) intraperitoneally followed by oral gavage of vehicle (OVA-veh) or resveratrol (100 mg/kg body) (OVA-res). On day 7, the experimental groups received intranasal challenge of OVA followed by 7 days of additional oral gavage of vehicle or resveratrol. At …

Large-Scale Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Suggests Shared Genetic Architecture For Different Diagnosis Criteria, Felix Day, Tugce Karaderi, Michelle R. Jones, Cindy Meun, Chunyan He, Alex Drong, Peter Kraft, Nan Lin, Hongyan Huang, Linda Broer, Reedik Magi, Richa Saxena, Triin Laisk, Margrit Urbanek, M. Geoffrey Hayes, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Juan Fernandez-Tajes, Anubha Mahajan, Benjamin H. Mullin, Bronwyn G. A. Stuckey, Timothy D. Spector, Scott G. Wilson, Mark O. Goodarzi, Lea Davis, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, André G. Uitterlinden, Verneri Anttila, Benjamin M. Neale, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Bart Fauser

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovarian morphology. Affected women frequently have metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance and dysregulation of glucose homeostasis. PCOS is diagnosed with two different sets of diagnostic criteria, resulting in a phenotypic spectrum of PCOS cases. The genetic similarities between cases diagnosed based on the two criteria have been largely unknown. Previous studies in Chinese and European subjects have identified 16 loci associated with risk of PCOS. We report a fixed-effect, inverse-weighted-variance meta-analysis from 10,074 PCOS cases and 103,164 controls of European ancestry and characterisation of PCOS related …

Subject Level Clustering Using A Negative Binomial Model For Small Transcriptomic Studies., Qian Li, Janelle R. Noel-Macdonnell, Devin C. Koestler, Ellen L. Goode, Brooke L. Fridley

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Unsupervised clustering represents one of the most widely applied methods in analysis of high-throughput 'omics data. A variety of unsupervised model-based or parametric clustering methods and non-parametric clustering methods have been proposed for RNA-seq count data, most of which perform well for large samples, e.g. N ≥ 500. A common issue when analyzing limited samples of RNA-seq count data is that the data follows an over-dispersed distribution, and thus a Negative Binomial likelihood model is often used. Thus, we have developed a Negative Binomial model-based (NBMB) clustering approach for application to RNA-seq studies.

RESULTS: We have developed a Negative …

Association Of Alcohol Consumption After Development Of Heart Failure With Survival Among Older Adults In The Cardiovascular Health Study, Justin S. Sadhu, Eric Novak, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Jorge R. Kizer, Bruce M. Psaty, Phyllis K. Stein, David L. Brown

Open Access Publications

Importance: More than 1 million older adults develop heart failure annually. The association of alcohol consumption with survival among these individuals after diagnosis is unknown.

Objective: To determine whether alcohol use is associated with increased survival among older adults with incident heart failure.

Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study included 5888 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older who were recruited to participate in the Cardiovascular Health Study between June 12, 1989, and June 1993, from 4 US sites. Of the total participants, 393 individuals had a new diagnosis of heart failure within the first 9 years of …

Targeting The Brd4/Foxo3a/Cdk6 Axis Sensitizes Akt Inhibition In Luminal Breast Cancer, Jingyi Liu, Weijie Guo, Zhibing Duan, Lei Zeng, Yadi Wu, Yule Chen, Fang Tai, Yifan Wang, Yiwei Lin, Qiang Zhang, Yanling He, Jiong Deng, Rachel L. Stewart, Chi Wang, Pengnian Charles Lin, Saghi Ghaffari, B. Mark Evers, Suling Liu, Ming-Ming Zhou, Binhua P. Zhou, Jian Shi

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

BRD4 assembles transcriptional machinery at gene super-enhancer regions and governs the expression of genes that are critical for cancer progression. However, it remains unclear whether BRD4-mediated gene transcription is required for tumor cells to develop drug resistance. Our data show that prolonged treatment of luminal breast cancer cells with AKT inhibitors induces FOXO3a dephosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and disrupts its association with SirT6, eventually leading to FOXO3a acetylation as well as BRD4 recognition. Acetylated FOXO3a recognizes the BD2 domain of BRD4, recruits the BRD4/RNAPII complex to the CDK6 gene promoter, and induces its transcription. Pharmacological inhibition of either BRD4/FOXO3a association or …

The Jefferson Scale Of Empathy: A Nationwide Study Of Measurement Properties, Underlying Components, Latent Variable Structure, And National Norms In Medical Students., Mohammadreza Hojat, Jennifer Desantis, Stephen C. Shannon, Luke H. Mortensen, Mark R. Speicher, Lynn Bragan, Marianna Lanoue, Leonard H. Calabrese

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) is a broadly used instrument developed to measure empathy in the context of health professions education and patient care. Evidence in support of psychometrics of the JSE has been reported in health professions students and practitioners with the exception of osteopathic medical students. This study was designed to examine measurement properties, underlying components, and latent variable structure of the JSE in a nationwide sample of first-year matriculants at U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine, and to develop a national norm table for the assessment of JSE scores. A web-based survey was administered at the beginning …

The Impact Of Pulmonary Hypertension In Preterm Infants With Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Through 1 Year., Joanne M. Lagatta, Erik B. Hysinger, Isabella Zaniletti, Erica M. Wymore, Shilpa Vyas-Read, Sushmita Yallapragada, Leif D. Nelin, William E. Truog, Michael A. Padula, Nicolas F M Porta, Rashmin C. Savani, Karin P. Potoka, Steven M. Kawut, Robert Digeronimo, Girija Natarajan, Huayan Zhang, Theresa R. Grover, William A. Engle, Karna Murthy, Children's Hospital Neonatal Consortium Severe Bpd Focus Group

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of pulmonary hypertension on neonatal intensive care unit mortality and hospital readmission through 1 year of corrected age in a large multicenter cohort of infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

STUDY DESIGN: This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of 1677 infants bornChildren's Hospital Neonatal Consortium with records linked to the Pediatric Health Information System.

RESULTS: Pulmonary hypertension occurred in 370 out of 1677 (22%) infants. During the neonatal admission, pulmonary hypertension was associated with mortality (OR 3.15, 95% CI 2.10-4.73, P < .001), ventilator support at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age (60% vs 40%, P < .001), duration of ventilation (72 IQR 30-124 vs 41 IQR 17-74 days, P < .001), and higher respiratory severity score (3.6 IQR 0.4-7.0 vs 0.8 IQR 0.3-3.3, P < .001). At discharge, pulmonary hypertension was associated with tracheostomy (27% vs 9%, P < .001), supplemental oxygen use (84% vs 61%, P < .001), and tube feeds (80% vs 46%, P < .001). Through 1 year of corrected age, pulmonary hypertension was associated with increased frequency of readmission (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.38, 95% CI 1.18-1.63, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS: Infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension have increased morbidity and mortality through …

Evaluation Of The Hiv Infant Tracking System (Hitsystem) To Optimise Quality And Efficiency Of Early Infant Diagnosis: A Cluster-Randomised Trial In Kenya., Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Brad Gautney, Anlin Cheng, Catherine Wexler, May Maloba, Niaman Nazir, Samoel Khamadi, Raphael Lwembe, Melinda Brown, Thomas A. Odeny, Jacinda K. Dariotis, Matthew Sandbulte, Natabhona Mabachi, Kathy Goggin

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The HIV Infant Tracking System (HITSystem) is a web-based intervention linking providers of early infant diagnosis, laboratory technicians, and mothers and infants to improve outcomes for HIV-exposed infants. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the HITSystem on key outcomes of early infant diagnosis.

METHODS: We did a cluster-randomised trial at six hospitals in Kenya, which were matched on geographic region, resource level, and volume of patients (high, medium, and low). We randomly allocated hospitals within a matched pair to either the HITSystem (intervention; n=3) or standard of care (control; n=3). A random number generator was used to assign …

Risk Stratification Of Febrile Infants ≤60 Days Old Without Routine Lumbar Puncture., Paul L. Aronson, Marie E. Wang, Eugene D. Shapiro, Samir S. Shah, Adrienne G. Deporre, Russell J Mcculloh, Christopher M. Pruitt, Sanyukta Desai, Lise E. Nigrovic, Richard D. Marble, Rianna C. Leazer, Sahar N. Rooholamini, Laura F. Sartori, Fran Balamuth, Christopher Woll, Mark I. Neuman, Febrile Young Infant Research Collaborative

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Video Abstract: media-1vid110.1542/5840460609001PEDS-VA_2018-1879

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the Rochester and modified Philadelphia criteria for the risk stratification of febrile infants with invasive bacterial infection (IBI) who do not appear ill without routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing.

METHODS: We performed a case-control study of febrile infants ≤60 days old presenting to 1 of 9 emergency departments from 2011 to 2016. For each infant with IBI (defined as a blood [bacteremia] and/or CSF [bacterial meningitis] culture with growth of a pathogen), controls without IBI were matched by site and date of visit. Infants were excluded if they appeared ill or had a …

When Parents Have Misunderstandings About The Risks And Benefits Of Palliative Surgery., Berklee Robins, Adam Booser, John Lantos

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

When a child needs surgery, both the surgeon and the anesthesiologist must obtain informed consent from the parents. In theory, each specialist obtains permission for their respective portion of the procedure, with the anesthesiologist only obtaining informed consent for the administration of anesthesia and management in the operating room and recovery room. However, he or she may occasionally realize that the parents have misunderstandings about what the surgery and perioperative course entail. In such cases, he or she must decide whether their role is only to discuss the issues related to anesthesia care or whether he or she should also …

Rapid And Robust Restoration Of Breathing Long After Spinal Cord Injury, Philippa M. Warren, Stephanie C. Steiger, Thomas E. Dick, Peter M. Macfarlane, Warren J. Alilain, Jerry Silver

Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Faculty Publications

There exists an abundance of barriers that hinder functional recovery following spinal cord injury, especially at chronic stages. Here, we examine the rescue of breathing up to 1.5 years following cervical hemisection in the rat. In spite of complete hemidiaphragm paralysis, a single injection of chondroitinase ABC in the phrenic motor pool restored robust and persistent diaphragm function while improving neuromuscular junction anatomy. This treatment strategy was more effective when applied chronically than when assessed acutely after injury. The addition of intermittent hypoxia conditioning further strengthened the ventilatory response. However, in a sub-population of animals, this combination treatment caused excess …

Distinct White Matter Changes Associated With Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-Β1-42 And Hypertension, Omar M. Al-Janabi, Christopher A. Brown, Ahmed A. Bahrani, Erin L. Abner, Justin M. Barber, Brian T. Gold, Larry B. Goldstein, Richard R. Murphy, Peter T. Nelson, Nathan F. Johnson, Leslie M. Shaw, Charles D. Smith, John Q. Trojanowski, Donna M. Wilcock, Gregory A. Jicha

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and hypertension (HTN) are risk factors for development of white matter (WM) alterations and might be independently associated with these alterations in older adults.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the independent and synergistic effects of HTN and AD pathology on WM alterations.

METHODS: Clinical measures of cerebrovascular disease risk were collected from 62 participants in University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Center studies who also had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling and MRI brain scans. CSF Aβ_1-42 levels were measured as a marker of AD, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging and diffusion tensor imaging were obtained to assess …

Unilateral, 3d Arm Movement Kinematics Are Encoded In Ipsilateral Human Cortex, David T. Bundy, Nicholas Szrama, Mrinal Pahwa, Eric C. Leuthardt

Open Access Publications

There is increasing evidence that the hemisphere ipsilateral to a moving limb plays a role in planning and executing movements. However, the exact relationship between cortical activity and ipsilateral limb movements is uncertain. We sought to determine whether 3D arm movement kinematics (speed, velocity, and position) could be decoded from cortical signals recorded from the hemisphere ipsilateral to the moving limb. By having invasively monitored patients perform unilateral reaches with each arm, we also compared the encoding of contralateral and ipsilateral limb kinematics from a single cortical hemisphere. In four motor-intact human patients (three male, one female) implanted with electrocorticography …

Dysregulated Nk Cell Plcγ2 Signaling And Activity In Juvenile Dermatomyositis, Allison A Throm, Joshua B Alinger, Jeanette T Pingel, Allyssa L Daugherty, Lauren M Pachman, Anthony R French

Open Access Publications

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a debilitating pediatric autoimmune disease manifesting with characteristic rash and muscle weakness. To delineate signaling abnormalities in JDM, mass cytometry was performed with PBMCs from treatment-naive JDM patients and controls. NK cell percentages were lower while frequencies of naive B cells and naive CD4+ T cells were higher in JDM patients than in controls. These cell frequency differences were attenuated with cessation of active disease. A large number of signaling differences were identified in treatment-naive JDM patients compared with controls. Classification models incorporating feature selection demonstrated that differences in phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) phosphorylation comprised 10 of …

Effects Of A Community Population Health Initiative On Blood Pressure Control In Latinos, James R Langabeer, Timothy D Henry, Carlos Perez Aldana, Larissa Deluna, Nora Silva, Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background Hypertension remains one of the most important, modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Yet, the largest minority ethnic group (Hispanics/Latinos) often have different health outcomes and behavior, making hypertension management more difficult. We explored the effects of an American Heart Association-sponsored population health intervention aimed at modifying behavior of Latinos living in Texas. Methods and Results We enrolled 8071 patients, and 5714 (65.7%) completed the 90-day program (58.5 years ±11.7; 59% female) from July 2016 to June 2018. Navigators identified patients with risk factors; initial and final blood pressure ( BP ) readings were performed in the physician's office; and interim …

Association Between Health Insurance Literacy And Avoidance Of Health Care Services Owing To Cost, Renuka Tipirneni, Mary C. Politi, Jeffrey T. Kullgren, Edith C. Kieffer, Susan D. Goold, Aaron M. Scherer

Open Access Publications

Importance: Navigating health insurance and health care choices requires considerable health insurance literacy. Although recommended preventive services are exempt from out-of-pocket costs under the Affordable Care Act, many people may remain unaware of this provision and its effect on their required payment. Little is known about the association between individuals' health insurance literacy and their use of preventive or nonpreventive health care services.

Objective: To assess the association between health insurance literacy and self-reported avoidance of health care services owing to cost.

Design, Setting, and Participants: In this survey study, a US national, geographically diverse, nonprobability sample of 506 US …

Changes In The Us Burden Of Chronic Kidney Disease From 2002 To 2016: An Analysis Of The Global Burden Of Disease Study, Benjamin Bowe, Yan Xie, Tingting Li, Ali H. Mokdad, Hong Xian, Yan Yan, Geetha Maddukuri, Ziyad Al-Aly

Open Access Publications

Introduction: Over the past 15 years, changes in demographic, social, and epidemiologic trends occurred in the United States. These changes likely contributed to changes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) epidemiology.

Objective: To describe the change in burden of CKD at the US state level from 2002 to 2016.

Design, Setting, and Participants: This systematic analysis used data and methodologies from the 2016 Global Burden of Disease study in the United States. Data on CKD from 2002 to 2016 were examined at the state level.

Main Outcomes and Measures: Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and death due to CKD.

Results: In this …

Implementation Of Smart Pump Technology With Home Infusion Providers: An Assessment Of Clinician Workflow And Patient Satisfaction., Thomas D. Brown, Martha Michael, David S. Grady, Mary Ward

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

While hospitals have adopted smart pump technology (SPT) featuring drug libraries and medication safety software, most home infusion providers (HIPs) continue to use traditional infusion pumps that don't offer drug libraries or medication safety software. As infusion delivery is moving from the hospital to the home, the purpose of this study was to determine whether SPT was a feasible alternative at both a hospital-based and a rural HIP. HIP personnel were trained on an ambulatory infusion pump. Patients requiring home infusion used the pump and recorded daily pump interactions for 5 to 7 days. After the creation of a drug …

Azithromycin For Early Pseudomonas Infection In Cystic Fibrosis. The Optimize Randomized Trial., Nicole Mayer-Hamblett, George Retsch-Bogart, Margaret Kloster, Frank Accurso, Margaret Rosenfeld, Gary Albers, Philip Black, Perry Brown, Annemarie Cairns, Stephanie D. Davis, Gavin R. Graff, Gwendolyn S. Kerby, David Orenstein, Rachael Buckingham, Bonnie W. Ramsey, Optimize Study Group

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

RATIONALE: New isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is generally treated with inhaled antipseudomonal antibiotics such as tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS). A therapeutic approach that complements traditional antimicrobial therapy by reducing the risk of pulmonary exacerbation and inflammation may ultimately prolong the time to Pa recurrence.

OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that the addition of azithromycin to TIS in children with cystic fibrosis and early Pa decreases the risk of pulmonary exacerbation and prolongs the time to Pa recurrence.

METHODS: The OPTIMIZE (Optimizing Treatment for Early Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Cystic Fibrosis) trial was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 18-month trial …

Pharmacokinetics Of Ferric Pyrophosphate Citrate Administered Via Dialysate And Intravenously To Pediatric Patients On Chronic Hemodialysis., Raymond D. Pratt, Sarah Grimberg, Joshua J. Zaritsky, Bradley A. Warady

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia in pediatric patients with hemodialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD-5HD). Ferric pyrophosphate citrate (FPC, Triferic®) donates iron directly to transferrin, bypassing the reticuloendothelial system and avoiding iron sequestration. Administration of FPC via dialysate or intravenously (IV) may provide a suitable therapeutic option to current IV iron preparations for these patients.

METHODS: The pharmacokinetics and safety of FPC administered via dialysate and IV to patients aged < 6 years (n = 3), 6 to < 12 years (n = 4), and 12 to < 18 years (n = 15) were investigated in a multicenter, open-label, two-period, single-dose study. FPC (0.07 mg iron/kg) was infused IV into the venous blood return line during hemodialysis session no. 1. FPC iron was added to bicarbonate concentrate to deliver 2 μM (110 μg/L) iron via dialysate during hemodialysis session no. 2.

RESULTS: Mean serum total iron concentrations peaked 3 to 4 h after administration via dialysate and 2 to 4 h after IV administration and returned to baseline …

Trex1 Is Expressed By Microglia In Normal Human Brain And Increases In Regions Affected By Ischemia, Parul H Kothari, Grant R Kolar, Joanna C Jen, Rula Hajj-Ali, Paula Bertram, Robert E Schmidt, John P Atkinson

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Mutations in the three-prime repair exonuclease 1 (TREX1) gene have been associated with neurological diseases, including Retinal Vasculopathy with Cerebral Leukoencephalopathy (RVCL). However, the endogenous expression of TREX1 in human brain has not been studied.

METHODS: We produced a rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb) to TREX1 to characterize TREX1 by Western blotting (WB) of cell lysates from normal controls and subjects carrying an RVCL frame-shift mutation. Dual staining was performed to determine cell types expressing TREX1 in human brain tissue. TREX1 distribution in human brain was further evaluated by immunohistochemical analyses of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples from normal controls and patients …

Glasdegib In Combination With Cytarabine And Daunorubicin In Patients With Aml Or High-Risk Mds: Phase 2 Study Results, Jorge E Cortes, Mark A Schroeder, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Glasdegib is a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor. This ongoing, open-label, phase 2 study (NCT01546038) evaluated glasdegib plus cytarabine/daunorubicin in patients with untreated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Patients received glasdegib 100 mg orally, once daily in continuous 28-day cycles from day -3, with intravenous cytarabine 100 mg/m