Digital Commons Network^™

The Relationship Between Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction, Behavioral Regulation, And Participation In Crossfit, Melissa J. Davies, Lyndsie Coleman, Megan Babkes Stellino

College of the Pacific Faculty Articles

CrossFit can be described as a relatively new fitness training method that is based on a variety of high-intensity weight training, body weight movements, and cardiovascular exercise. Given the recent rise in CrossFit establishments, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between basic need satisfaction (autonomy, relatedness, competence), behavioral regulation toward CrossFit, and actual participation behaviors within the framework of Self-Determination Theory. CrossFit participants (N = 206; Mage = 37.6 years), majority Caucasian (76%), females (58%), who reported attending three (n = 91; 44.2%) and five (n = 78; 37.9%) CrossFit sessions per week completed online surveys …

Exercise To The Rescue: An Analysis Of Altered Metabolic Gene Regulation Post-Exercise In Lean And Obese Individuals, Brandon Mudd

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The skeletal muscle of obese individuals exhibits a depressed ability to metabolize fats. Exercise training is thought to rescue this dampened ability to metabolize fats; mediated by a coordinated increase in the expression of a network of genes that regulate metabolism and fuel utilization. The purpose of this study is to determine the exercise-induced regulation of metabolically important genes in lean and obese individuals. Muscle biopsies (one pre-exercise/baseline and one immediately post-exercise) were obtained from 4 lean (BF% 24.4 ± 5.5; 23.5 yrs ± 1.9) and 13 obese (BF% 39.7 ± 2.4; 26.1 yrs ± 2.3), age-matched, relatively young subjects, …

Perceived Self-Efficacy And Financial Incentives: Factors Affecting Health Behavior And Body Weight In Individuals With Overweight And Obesity, Julia Ann Simon

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Integrating Diet And Exercise Into Care Of Prostate Cancer Patients On Androgen Deprivation Therapy, Mark A. Moyad, Robert Newton, Ulf W. Tunn, Damian Gruca

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Improved diagnosis and treatment regimens have resulted in greater longevity for men with prostate cancer. This has led to an increase in both androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) use and duration of exposure, and therefore to its associated adverse effects, such as sexual dysfunction, osteoporosis, reduced muscle mass, increased fat mass, and increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Given that the adverse effects of ADT are systemic, often debilitating, and difficult to treat, efforts continue in the development of new strategies for long-term management of prostate cancer. The PubMed database was searched to select trials, reviews, and meta-analyses …

Relationship Of Perceived Thirst To Measures Of Hydration During And Following Exercise, Lesley W. Vandermark

Doctoral Dissertations

The purposes of these investigations were to describe the relationship of thirst to hydration during exercise, and to determine the impact of fluid volume on thirst following exercise. Eleven males completed four treadmill exercise trials of up to 180 minutes in a warm environment (35°C, 30% RH), then a 1-hour seated recovery. Two trials began euhydrated, and two hypohydrated. Fluid was given in one trial during exercise to match sweat rate. During recovery, participants were grouped to receive either a Small (1% of body mass (BM)) or Large (4% of BM) fluid bolus. Immediately post-exercise (IPE), there was a relationship …

Relationship Between Body Composition, Fitness, And Eating Behaviors And Markers Of Metabolic Suppression In Exercising Men, Mikayla K. Locke, Karsten Koehler

UCARE: Research Products

Introduction: Chronic dieting can result in characteristic metabolic adaptations such as a suppression of resting metabolic rate (RMR). Previous research has focused on health outcomes related to metabolic suppression in female athletes, which include impaired menstrual and bone health. The study purpose was to assess the relationship between metabolic suppression and body composition, fitness, and eating behavior traits in exercising men.

Approach: Cross-sectional study comparing exercising men who display evidence of metabolic suppression (MS) and a control group (Con). RMR was used as a surrogate marker of metabolic suppression.

Results and Discussion: When compared to Con, MS …

Effects Of Acute Exercise On Postprandial Lipemia And Postprandial Glycemia, Stephen Decker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise has been shown to attenuate the rise in triglycerides in during the postprandial period, however the effects of acute bouts of high-intensity exercise on postprandial lipemia and glycemia have not been explored. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acute high-intensity interval training on postprandial lipemia and postprandial glycemia.

Methods: Ten healthy males participated in a randomized crossover design consisting of one high-intensity exercise session and one sedentary control session, followed by consumption of a mixed meal. Blood triglyceride and glucose concentrations were monitored following the consumption of the meal.

Results: High-intensity …

Protein And Exercise Effects On The Musculature Of The Back In Horses, Taryn Elizabeth Smith

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

This study was designed to examine the effects of exercise on the musculature of the back of ten horses which are used to teach beginning through advanced horsemanship. This was executed by implementing a strict exercise protocol, examining body composition changes and subjecting them to a standard exercise test at the beginning and end of the experimental period in order to determine change in aerobic conditioning. Horses were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups for six weeks; Purina SuperSportTM (40% CP) and MFA Easy Keeper™ (32% CP). Body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), rump fat, topline evaluation …

A Technology-Mediated Behavioral Weight Gain Prevention Intervention For College Students: Controlled, Quasi-Experimental Study, Delia Smith West, Courtney M. Monroe, Gabrielle Turner-Mcgrievy, Beth Sundstrom, Chelsea Larsen, Karen Magradey, Sara Wilcox, Heather M. Brandt

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Both men and women are vulnerable to weight gain during the college years, and this phenomenon is linked to an increased risk of several chronic diseases and mortality. Technology represents an attractive medium for the delivery of weight control interventions focused on college students, given its reach and appeal among this population. However, few technology-mediated weight gain prevention interventions have been evaluated for college students. OBJECTIVE: This study examined a new technology-based, social media-facilitated weight gain prevention intervention for college students. METHODS: Undergraduates (n =58) in two sections of a public university course were allocated to either a behavioral …

Effects Of Laryngeal Restriction On Pharyngeal Peristalsis And Biomechanics: Clinical Implications, Rita Shaker, Patrick Sanvanson, Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian, Mark Kern, Ashley Wuerl, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

To date, rehabilitative exercises aimed at strengthening the pharyngeal muscles have not been developed due to the inability to successfully overload and fatigue these muscles during their contraction, a necessary requirement for strength training. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that applying resistance against anterosuperior movement of the hyolaryngeal complex will overload the pharyngeal muscles and by repetitive swallowing will result in their fatigue manifested by a reduction in pharyngeal peristaltic amplitude. Studies were done in two groups. In group 1 studies 15 healthy subjects (age: 42 ± 14 yr, 11 females) were studied to determine …

Appropriate Gestational Weight Gain, Eugelyn Opalec Santos

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Abstract

Over the past 30 years, excessive weight gain during pregnancy among American women has been a significant concern, resulting in serious health consequences to mothers and their newborns. During 2011, 48% of U.S. women gained more than the ideal amount of weight during pregnancy. Several international studies have also documented that excessive weight gain during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. As a result, one in ten babies were born prematurely in the United States in 2014. Based on the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) guidelines (2009), the purpose of this project was to implement the Healthy …

Optimism Bias In Fitness, Katrielle Marx

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The people of the United States of America have been concerned with the population’s overweight and obesity rate for a while. The purpose of this study was to find out if optimism bias had an influence on fitness. Optimism bias is overestimating the likelihood of positive events and underestimate the likelihood of negative events happening in one’s life. This study created a fitness optimism scale and used a set of fitness assessments and exercise questions to correlate with the fitness optimism bias. There were 105 students who participated in this study, 82 females and 23 males with a mean age …

A Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet Combined With Six Weeks Of Crossfit Training Improves Body Composition And Performance, Rachel M. Gregory

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) is a popular approach to weight and fat loss. CrossFit is a high-intensity power training (HIPT) type exercise for all levels of age and fitness that has gained recognition as one of the fasting growing sports in America. No previous research has been found which examines body composition changes or performance in individuals consuming a LCKD and participating in CrossFit training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of a 6-week LCKD and CrossFit program on body composition and performance. METHODS: Twenty-seven non-elite CrossFit subjects (mean ± SD age = …

The Effect Of Sleep Restriction On Coagulation And Fibrinolysis After Heavy Exercise, Paul A. Roberson

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Introduction: Research has shown exercise elicits a hemostatic response affecting coagulation and fibrinolysis. Furthermore, prior research has determined circadian fluctuations exist where clotting potential increases in the morning as a result of increased PAI-1 and decreased tPA which is further exacerbated by exercise. These circadian fluctuations and exercise responses have the potential to be accentuated by poor sleep. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of sleep restriction on tPA activity, PAI-1 activity, and Factor VIII antigen activity (FVIII) while resting and after exercise.

Methods: 7 Subjects underwent two similar exercises sessions (EX). EX1 occurred in the …

A Single Night Of Sleep Restriction Impairs Recovery From Heavy Exercise, John D. Chase

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

We examined the effects of one night of sleep restriction (Sleep-; 2.5 hrs) on subsequent 3-km cycling performance and skeletal muscle recovery from heavy exercise compared to a full night of rest (Sleep+; 7 hrs). Seven recreational cyclists (n=6 male, n=1 female; age = 24.4 ± 7 yrs; height = 170 ± 10 cm; weight = 68 ± 13 kg VO_2max = 61.5 ± 4.4 ml/kg/min) completed four simulated 3-km time trials (TT) and six peak isokinetic torque trials at different speeds (30 and 120°/sec) under both conditions. The first exercise trial (EX1) consisted …

Implementation Of Exercise Is Medicine On Campus At Uri, Gabrielle E. Tyer

Senior Honors Projects

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics, the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the United States are chronic diseases, including heart disease, lung disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease and diabetes. There has been recent attention paid to the role that higher levels of physical activity and lower levels of physical inactivity can play in the prevention and management of chronic disease. As a result of the strength of this evidence, the American College of Sports Medicine, in partnership with the American Medical Association, created the Exercise is Medicine (EIM) initiative. The goal …

Exercise Is Medicine, Colby A. Sousa

Senior Honors Projects

College student are often faced with new challenges upon arrival to campus, including making independent decisions about their health and wellness.

As students face new academic and social responsibilities, issues with time management and stress often compromise many students abilities to adopt and maintain health promoting behaviors, including eating well and participating in regular physical activity. The adoption of less health promoting behaviors is associated with increases in rates of illness, increases in weight, adoption of poor sleeping patterns and increasingly poor stress management.

As such, knowledge of the importance of proper nutrition and physical activity/ exercise for optimal health …

Nutrition And Exercise: Best Of Both Worlds, Jacob Allen Burns, Lukas Swysgood, Trenton Antonaros

Senior Year Experience Student Projects

To teach the students of the Best of Both Worlds (BOBW) program how to live a healthy lifestyle by introducing simple nutrition and exercise methods that can be done at home. To offer a program that is understandable at all levels of education that introduces effective and easy ways to eat healthier and exercise simply. A PowerPoint that explains nutrition and exercise information. Hands on learning and visuals to help students capture positive health ideas. Interactive demonstration of exercises and introduction of banded exercises. A before and after survey to quiz students on knowledge prior to and after seminar. An …

Exertional Rhabdomyolysis In A 21-Year-Old, Healthy Female After Performing Three Sets Of The Biceps Curl Exercise To Failure With 30% 1rm: A Case Report, Noelle M. Yeo, Brianna D. Mckay, Amelia A. Miramonti, Nathaniel D. M. Jenkins, Joel T. Cramer

UCARE: Research Products

Background: The optimal resistance training program to elicit muscle hypertrophy has been consistently debated and researched. Although 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 70-80% of the 1-repetition maximum (1RM) is widely recommended, recent studies have shown that low-load (~30% 1RM), high-repetition (3 sets of 30-40 repetitions) resistance training can elicit similar muscular hypertrophy. Therefore, this type of resistance training has gained popularity, perhaps because less weight is lifted for a longer duration. In the process of testing this hypothesis in a research study in our laboratory, a subject diagnosed with exertional rhabdomyolysis after completing a single resistance training session …

Factors Lnfluencing Weight Gain And Perceived Barriers Of Exercise In First Semester College Students, Noah C. Neuenfeldt

Masters Theses

College students believe that university weight management interventions impact their health habits. This suggests that universities can play a large role in encouraging students to be active. The purpose of this study was to investigate this claim and to acquire a better understanding of weight change in first year college students in the first semester. We specifically sought to identify the variables that influence weight gain, as well as determine the awareness and usage of resources available to the students. A survey was given to first year students addressing the variables of interest including change in weight and Body Mass …

Physical Activity: A Tool For Improving Health (Part 3—Recommended Amounts Of Physical Activity For Optimal Health), Patrick J. Galloway, Nobuko Hongu

Journal of Extension

By promoting physical activities and incorporating them into their community-based programs, Extension professionals are improving the health of individuals, particularly those with limited resources. This article is the third in a three-part series describing the benefits of physical activity for human health: (1) biological health benefits of physical activity, (2) mental health benefits of physical activity, and (3) recommended amounts of physical activity for optimal health. Each part of the series is designed to help Extension professionals effectively integrate physical activity into community programs and motivate individuals to maintain an interest in being physically active during and after a program.

Meditative Movement As A Treatment For Pulmonary Dysfunction In Flight Attendants Exposed To Second-Hand Cigarette Smoke: Study Protocol For A Randomized Trial, Peter Payne, David Zava, Steven Fiering, Mardi Crane-Godreau

Dartmouth Scholarship

A study protocol is presented for the investigation of meditative movement (MM) as a treatment for pulmonary dysfunction in ight attendants (FA) who were exposed to second-hand cigarette smoke while ying before the smoking ban. The study will have three parts, some of which will run concurrently. The rst is a data gathering and screen- ing phase, which will gather data on pulmonary and other aspects of the health of FA, and will also serve to screen participants for the other phases. Second is an exercise selection phase, in which a variety of MM exercises will be taught, over a …

Let's Move: Promotion Of Physical Activity In The Treatment Of Depression, Josephine A. Igwacho

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Session presented on Monday, November 9, 2015 and Tuesday, November 10, 2015:

Over the years, the prevalence of chronic diseases (resulting from poor lifestyle behaviors) and especially mental health disorders, such as depression, substance misuse disorders, suicide, and violence are continually on the rise, with depression projected to be the leading cause of disability in the U.S. by 2020 (CDC, 2012). A significant amount of the U.S. health care expenditure is being spent on depression and other mental health disorders. Yet, the efficacy of antidepressants continues to be modest, at best, with poor treatment response and remission rates. According to …

Association Between Polymorphisms Associated With Major Depression, Cognitive Function, And Stress Regulation And Telomere Length In Older Community-Dwelling Adults And In Older Competitive Athletes, Cynthia Elizabeth Perry

Theses and Dissertations

Many factors detrimental to healthy aging have been proposed including depression, stress, cognitive decline, and telomere shortening. Of specific interest are the genetic factors that may contribute to these factors and subsequently lead to accelerated telomere shortening and aging, namely the Bcl1, 5-HT, DRD2, and ApoE polymorphisms. We sought to: 1) further clarify the role of depression, stress tolerance, and cognitive decline in aging by examining the effect of associated polymorphisms (Bcl1, 5-HT, DRD2, and ApoE) on telomere length in two samples of older adults and 2) determine the difference in absolute telomere length between the two groups. We examined …

Neural Response To Food Cues After Moderate And Vigorous Exercise In Women: A Randomized Crossover Trial, Jillesa Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of different intensities of acute exercise on attention allocation to visual food cues, postexercise energy intake, and subjective measures of hunger in women. METHODS: This crossover study utilized treatment conditions that were randomized and counter-balanced. Fifty-two adult women, 18-29 years, were compared under three separate conditions: no exercise, 45 min of moderate-intensity exercise at 3.9 METs and 22.5 min of vigorous-intensity exercise at 7.8 METs. To measure attention allocation to visual food cues, participants were shown a passive viewing task consisting of a continual stream of pictures of food (high and low calorie) and …

Effects Of Acute Vaporized Nicotine In Non-Tobacco Users At Rest And During Exercise, Juan Mejia, Jeremy Garcia, William H. Cooke, Caroline A. Rickards, Donovan L. Fogt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Smokers, and even non-smokers, may utilize vaporized nicotine delivered by electronic cigarette (EC) due to the perception that EC are “healthier” than traditional tobacco cigarettes. The effects of vaporized nicotine delivered by EC on resting blood pressure (BP) and metabolic rate (RMR), or BP and aerobic power during exercise have not been studied. This investigation tested the effects of acute vaporized nicotine inhalation by EC on resting BP and RMR and cycle exercise BP, metabolic responses, and aerobic power in young, normotensive non-smokers. Using a double-blind design, 20 subjects (10 female; 23.1±2.5 years, 1.69±0.1 m, 70.6±14.9 kg; 22.1±11.0% body fat) …

Leukocyte Subset Changes In Response To A 164-Km Road Cycle Ride In A Hot Environment, Hui Ying Luk, Amy L. Mckenzie, Anthony A. Duplanty, Ronald G. Budnar, Danielle Levitt, Alex Fernandez, Elaine C. Lee, Lawrence E. Armstrong, Jakob L. Vingren

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 34-46, 2016. The purpose of this observational study was to determine the circulating leukocyte subset response to completing the 2013 Hotter’N Hell Hundred recreational 164-km road cycle event in a hot and humid environmental condition. Twenty-eight men and four women were included in this study. Whole blood samples were obtained 1-2 hours before (PRE) and immediately after (POST) the event. Electronic sizing/sorting and cytometry were used to determine complete blood counts (CBC) including neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte subsets. The concentration of circulating total leukocytes (10³·µL^-1) increased 134% from PRE to …

See Me Smoke-Free: Protocol For A Research Study To Develop And Test The Feasibility Of An Mhealth App For Women To Address Smoking, Diet, And Physical Activity, Peter Giacobbi Jr, Melanie Hingle, Thienne Johnson, James K. Cunningham, Julie Armin, Judith S. Gordon

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: This paper presents the protocol for an ongoing research study to develop and test the feasibility of a multi-behavioral mHealth app. Approximately 27 million women smoke in the US, and more than 180,000 women die of illnesses linked to smoking annually. Women report greater difficulties quitting smoking. Concerns about weight gain, negative body image, and low self-efficacy may be key factors affecting smoking cessation among women. Recent studies suggest that a multi-behavioral approach, including diet and physical activity, may be more effective at helping women quit. Guided imagery has been successfully used to address body image concerns and self-efficacy …

Is Nutrient Intake Associated With Physical Activity Levels In Healthy Young Adults?, Yi Yan, Clemens Drenowatz, Gregory A Hand, Robin P Shook, Thomas G Hurley, James R Hebert, Steven N Blair

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Both physical activity (PA) and diet are important contributors to health and well-being; however, there is limited information on the association of these behaviours and whether observed associations differ by weight. The present study aimed to evaluate whether nutrient intake is associated with PA and if this association varies by weight in young adults. Cross-sectional study to analyse the association between PA and nutrient intake. Participants were stratified as normal weight (18·5 kg/m2 2) and overweight/obese (BMI≥25·0 kg/m2). PA level (PAL) was calculated (PAL=total daily energy expenditure/RMR) and used to stratify groups (PAL Adults (n 407; age 27·6 (sd 3·8) …

Mindful Fitness: Guidelines For Prenatal Practice, Kimberlee Bethany Bonura

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

Mindfulness exercise practices offer a form of physical activity which is uniquely suited to support both psychological and physical health during pregnancy. Mindfulness exercise practices, which include yoga, qi gong, tai chi, and martial art forms such as kung fu, karate, and tae kwon do, combine physical activity with deliberate breathing exercises and focused attentional strategies. The purpose of this article is to review the various forms of mindfulness exercise and outline basic guidelines for mindfulness exercise training during pregnancy.