Digital Commons Network^™

Perceptions Of Adults With Type 1 Diabetes About Diabetes Management And Exercise, Meera Swaminath

Public Health Theses

This study was conducted to understand participants’ experiences with diabetes management and relationships with exercise for a sample of adults (27-65 years old) with Type 1 diabetes living in the United States and identify potential technological features for a digital health tool supporting physical exercise and diabetes management. The sample consisted of 12 participants living across the nation. Participants were recruited online, through social media and healthcare system platforms. Participant data was collected in the form of surveys and interviews and analyzed using a constructivist framework and thematic analysis. Findings were collapsed into four major themes: 1) making exercise decisions …

An Open-Source System For Efficient Clinical Trial Support: The Comet Study Experience, Jonathan Clutton, Robert Neal Montgomery, Dinesh Pal Mudaranthakam, Erin M Blocker, Ashley R Shaw, Amanda N Szabo Reed, Eric D Vidoni

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Exercise clinical trials are complex, logistically burdensome, and require a well-coordinated multi-disciplinary approach. Challenges include managing, curating, and reporting on many disparate information sources, while remaining responsive to a variety of stakeholders. The Combined Exercise Trial (COMET, NCT04848038) is a one-year comparison of three exercise modalities delivered in the community. Target enrollment is 280 individuals over 4 years. To support rigorous execution of COMET, the study team has developed a suite of scripts and dashboards to assist study stakeholders in each of their various functions. The result is a highly automated study system that preserves rigor, increases communication, and reduces …

Adult Physical Inactivity In Baltimore, Md, Christopher Aitken

Selected Social Change Portfolios in Prevention, Intervention, and Consultation

Goal Statement: The goal of this portfolio is to identify low cost, high access, and high participation community programs that will promote increased leisure time physical activity amongst Baltimore City adults ages 18 and older.

Significant Findings: Adults in Baltimore City, Maryland are less physically active on average than the rest of the United States (County Health Rankings and Roadmaps, 2022). A sedentary lifestyle places adults at greater risk of depression (Luo et al., 2022), low overall mood (DeMello et al., 2018), obesity (Ali & Kunugi, 2020), and higher hospitalization rates for comorbid mental health problems (Gupta et al., 2023). …

Building Strength Versus Getting Lean: An Analysis Of The Gendered Nature Of Fitness In Crossfit, Barre, And Personal Training, Margaret M. Jones

Master's Theses

Like many industries in contemporary society, the fitness sector is heavily gendered, andthus needs to be examined as a sector that both creates and reinforces gendered bodies. Building on previous single-method studies, I utilized a multi-methods approach of ethnography and interviews to analyze organizational and individual experiences with gender and fitness. Using West and Zimmerman’s concept of “doing gender,” I analyzed fitness organizations as a setting where gender and inequality are actively reproduced. By analyzing three fitness organizations with different gendered audiences (a barre studio, a CrossFit gym, and a personal training facility) I looked at how gender and fitness …

‘A Healthy Mtu’ A Mixed Methods Baseline Programme Of Research To Empirically Inform A Campus Health Promotion Initiative Within An Irish Higher Education Setting, Andrea Bickerdike

Theses

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have been called to lead global health promotion actions, yet there remains a dearth of empirically informed ‘Healthy University’ (HU) initiatives. This thesis constituted a baseline mixed methods needs assessment to inform a settings-based health promotion (HP) initiative (‘A Healthy MTU’) within a multi-campus ‘case’ HEI in Ireland (Cork campuses of MTU, formerly CIT). Specific aims were to (i) investigate student and staff health metrics, and (ii) identify the cultural and environmental determinants of health and wellbeing within the case HEI setting. Using a phased, mixed methodology (QUAN-QUAL), five sequential empirical studies were undertaken. Quantitative data …

Translating Energy Balance Research From The Bench To The Clinic To The Community: Parallel Animal-Human Studies In Cancer, Miriam B Garcia, Keri L Schadler, Joya Chandra, Steven K Clinton, Kerry S Courneya, Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate, Carrie R Daniel, Andrew J Dannenberg, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Mark W Dewhirst, Carol J Fabian, Stephen D Hursting, Melinda L Irwin, Neil M Iyengar, Jennifer L Mcquade, Kathryn H Schmitz, Karen Basen-Engquist

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Advances in energy balance and cancer research to date have largely occurred in siloed work in rodents or patients. However, substantial benefit can be derived from parallel studies in which animal models inform the design of clinical and population studies or in which clinical observations become the basis for animal studies. The conference Translating Energy Balance from Bench to Communities: Application of Parallel Animal-Human Studies in Cancer, held in July 2021, convened investigators from basic, translational/clinical, and population science research to share knowledge, examples of successful parallel studies, and strong research to move the field of energy balance and cancer …

Weight Strategy In Older Adults With Obesity: Calorie Restriction Or Not?, Georgia Colleluori, Dennis T Villareal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Along with the marked increase in the population of older adults with obesity is the need for effective strategies to treat aging- and obesity-related complications. This review highlights recent progress in obesity management in older adults.

RECENT FINDINGS: Although calorie restriction is needed to significantly reduce fat mass, an exercise protocol is crucial to ameliorate functional outcomes. The addition of a resistance exercise protocol improves the response of muscle protein synthesis to anabolic stimuli, preventing the calorie restriction-induced reduction in muscle and bone mass. The addition of an aerobic exercise protocol improves cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function. …

Physical Activity, Inflammation, And Physical Function In Older Adults: Results From The Health & Retirement Study, Jeanne L. Hlebichuk, Randall J. Gretebeck, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Linda B. Piacentine, Maharaj Singh, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Physical function declines with aging due to physical and biological changes. The biological process of aging has been associated with increases in systemic inflammation and a greater risk for chronic conditions. In older adults, physical activity aids in maintenance of function. However, the influence of inflammatory biomarkers and adiposity on physical activity and physical function needs to be further explored. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary data analysis from Wave 13 of the Health & Retirement Study (HRS) core biennial data and Venous Blood Study (VBS) was conducted. Structural equation modeling was used to establish the model and test the relationships. Results: …

Feasibility Of Supervised Telehealth Exercise For Patients With Advanced Melanoma Receiving Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy, Brendan J. Crosby, Robert U. Newton, Daniel A. Galvão, Dennis R. Taaffe, Pedro Lopez Da Cruz, Tarek M. Meniawy, Muhammad A. Khattak, Wei-Sen Lam, Elin S. Gray, Favil Singh

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: To determine the feasibility, safety and preliminary efficacy of a telehealth supervised exercise programme in patients with advanced melanoma receiving checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Methods: A 8-week non-randomised feasibility pilot trial utilising a telehealth delivered multimodal exercise programme undertaken thrice weekly with assessments at baseline and post-intervention. The study was considered feasible if there were no severe or life-threatening adverse events as a result of exercise, and three or more of the following criteria were met: the recruitment rate was > 50%, completion rate was > 80%, median programme attendance was > 75%, median exercise compliance > 75%, and average tolerance was > 70%. Preliminary …

The Facilitators And Barriers To Exercise In The Noongar Aboriginal Population In Perth, Australia, Tuguy Esgin, Deborah Hersh, Kevin Rowley, Rona Macniven, Alan Crouch, Mark Halaki, Robert Newton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Indigenous Standpoint Theory forms the epistemological foundation for this study and methodological choices were made within this theoretical framework to ensure culturally responsive research processes that engaged the Indigenous agenda of self-determination and rights. The objectives of this research were to determine: (i) Indigenous perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to exercise; (ii) The potential feasibility and sustainability of an exercise intervention. In this context, Participatory Action Research methods were used to design the data-gathering instrument for the study—a questionnaire, co-designed with the Noongar Aboriginal community of Perth, Western Australia. This self-administered questionnaire, distributed to participants by email, post and …

Does Lower-Limb Osteoarthritis Alter Motor Cortex Descending Drive And Voluntary Activation? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Myles C. Murphy, Christopher Latella, Ebonie K. Rio, Janet L. Taylor, Stephanie Martino, Colin Sylvester, William Hale, Andrea B. Mosler

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: The aim of the study was to quantify motor cortex descending drive and voluntary activation (VA) in people with lower-limb OA compared to controls. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis according to the PRISMA guidelines was carried out. Seven databases were searched until 30 December 2022. Studies assessing VA or responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS; i.e. motor evoked potential, intracortical facilitation, motor threshold, short-interval intracortical inhibition, and silent period) were included. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute criteria and evidence certainty using GRADE. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan inverse variance, mixed-effect models. Results: Eighteen studies …

Vitamin D Supplementation And Exercise For Improving Physical Function, Body Composition And Metabolic Health In Overweight Or Obese Older Adults With Vitamin D Deficiency: A Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Jakub Mesinovic, Alexander J. Rodriguez, Mavil May Cervo, Anoohya Gandham, Cecilia L. H. Xu, Costas Glavas, Barbora De Courten, Ayse Zengin, Peter R. Ebeling, David Scott

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose:

Vitamin D supplementation may have non-skeletal health benefits and enhance exercise responsiveness, particularly in those with low vitamin D levels. We determined whether, compared with placebo, vitamin D supplementation taken prior to and during a 12-week exercise program improves physical function, body composition or metabolic health, in overweight and obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency.

Methods:

Fifty overweight or obese older adults (mean ± SD age: 60 ± 6 years; BMI 30.6 ± 5.7 kg/m2) with vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 50 nmol/L) were recruited. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either vitamin D3 (4000 IU/day) or matching placebo for 24 weeks. Between weeks 12 and 24, all participants completed multi-modal exercise three days per week while continuing with vitamin D/placebo. Mean changes in physical function (primary outcome: gait speed), body composition and biochemical parameters at weeks 12 and 24 were compared between groups.

Results:

Vitamin D supplementation, with or without exercise, had no effect on gait speed. From baseline …

Physical Exercise As Cytokine Modulator In Inflammatory Immune Response: A Systematic Review, Kartika Ratna Pertiwi, Evy Yulianti, Ukhti Jamil Rustiasari

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Physical exercise contributes to maintain our health, through its role in inflammatory immune response. Cytokines are proteins that mediate communication between immune cells, either as pro- or anti-inflammation agents. Nonetheless, the dominance of pro- over anti-inflammatory cytokines during a workout, is harmful to health. This systematic review aimed at determining the effect of physical activity in modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines during immune response. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guideline, literature searching was conducted in 3 databases which were PUBMED/MEDLINE, DOAJ and GARUDA, using keywords, citation tracking and snowballing. Inclusion and exclusion criterias were used to screen, …

Accelerometer-Measured Latent Physical Activity Profiles And Neurocognition Among Middle-Aged And Older Hispanic/Latino Adults In The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (Hchs/Sol)\, Priscilla M Vásquez, Wassim Tarraf, Albert Chai, Adit Doza, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Keith M Diaz, Zvinka Z Zlatar, Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu, Linda C Gallo, Mayra L Estrella, Elizabeth Vásquez, Kelly R Evenson, Tasneem Khambaty, Bharat Thyagarajan, Richard H Singer, Neil Schneiderman, Martha L Daviglus, Hector M González

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Derive latent profiles of accelerometry-measured moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for Hispanic/Latino adults, examine associations between latent MVPA profiles and neurocognition, and describe profiles via self-reported MVPA.

Methods: Complex survey design methods were applied to cross-sectional data from 7,672 adults ages 45-74 years in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL; 2008-2011). MVPA was measured via hip-worn accelerometers. Latent profile analysis was applied to derive latent MVPA profiles (minutes/day of week). Neurocognition was assessed with the Brief-Spanish English Verbal Learning Test (B-SEVLT) Sum, B-SEVLT Recall, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (word fluency), and Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS) test. All …

Effects Of A Behavioral Intervention On Physical Activity, Diet, And Health-Related Quality Of Life In Pregnant Women With Elevated Weight: Results Of The Hipp Randomized Controlled Trial, Sarah Wilcox Phd, Jihong Liu, Gabrielle Turner-Mcgrievy Ph.D., Rd, Alycia K. Boutte, Ellen Wingard Msph, Rd, Ld

Faculty Publications

Background

Physical activity (PA), diet, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are related to maternal and infant health, but interventions to improve these outcomes are needed in diverse pregnant women with elevated weight.

Methods

Health In Pregnancy and Postpartum (HIPP) was a randomized controlled trial. Women who were pregnant (N=219, 44% African American, 56% white) with overweight or obesity but otherwise healthy were randomized to a behavioral intervention grounded in Social Cognitive Theory (n=112) or to standard care (n=107). The intervention group received an in-depth counseling session, a private Facebook group, and 10 content-based …

Metabolic Foundations Of Exercise-Induced Cardiac Growth., Kyle Fulghum

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Regular aerobic exercise promotes physiological cardiac growth, which is an adaptive response thought to enable the heart to meet higher physical demands. Cardiac growth involves coordination of catabolic and anabolic activities to support ATP generation, macromolecule biosynthesis, and myocyte hypertrophy. Although previous studies suggest that exercise-induced reductions in cardiac glycolysis are critical for physiological myocyte hypertrophy, it remains unclear how exercise influences the many interlinked pathways of metabolism that support adaptive remodeling of the heart. In this thesis project, we tested the general hypothesis that aerobic exercise promotes physiological cardiac growth by coordinating myocardial metabolism to promote glucose-supported anabolic pathway …

The Fan Program Plan: Creating A Healthy Church Environment For Physical Activity And Healthy Eating, John A. Bernhart Ph.D., Mph, Ches, Caroline G. Dunn, Sara Wilcox Phd, Jessica Stucker, Deborah Kinnard

Faculty Publications

Background: Faith, Activity, & Nutrition (FAN) helps churches create a healthier environment for physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE) through policy, systems, and environmental changes. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation, evaluation, and revision of the FAN Program Plan across a two-phase study to help churches create guidelines and policies for PA and HE. Methods: In Phase 1, church committees attended trainings led by Community Health Advisors (CHA) where they assessed current practices to PA and HE. Committees used the FAN Program Plan to outline an implementation plan to increase opportunities, programs, messages, pastor …

Immunological Effects Of Berberine And Physical Activity In A Murine Breast Cancer Model, Janae Mudge

Master's Theses

Berberine (BBR) is a plant-derived alkaloid popularly used in a complementary context to treat splenomegaly and chronic disease states such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and cancer. Recent research has examined BBR as a regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism in association with the AMPK pathway; but little is known concerning its immunological impacts. It is also known that exercise is a potent AMPK activator exhibiting immunological benefits, but nothing is known about the combination of these complementary approaches for treating breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to determine if oral consumption of BBR when paired with physical activity …

Effects Of Home-Based High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Continuous Walking On Cognition In Overweight And Obese Women, Kelsey C. Bourbeau

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether six weeks of home-based high-intensity interval training versus six weeks of moderate-intensity walking improves cognition, depression, and anxiety in women that are overweight or obese. Design: A randomized control trial design. Subjects: Twelve sedentary women characterized as overweight or obese were randomized into either a six-week home-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT, n = 6, 26.6 ± 8.9 years, 37.4 ± 4.9% body fat) group or a six-week moderate-intensity walking (Walk, n = 6, 22.5 ± 3.7 years, 40.2 ± 4.1% body fat) group. Main Measures: Pre- and post-intervention, participants …

Law Library Blog (December 2022): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

Variation In Human Water Turnover Associated With Environmental And Lifestyle Factors, Yosuke Yamada, Xueying Zhang, Mary E T Henderson, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Herman Pontzer, Daiki Watanabe, Tsukasa Yoshida, Misaka Kimura, Philip N Ainslie, Lene F Andersen, Liam J Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G Bonomi, Carlijn V C Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S Buchowski, Nancy F Butte, Stefan G Camps, Graeme L Close, Jamie A Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Lara R Dugas, Simon Eaton, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W Fudge, Annelies H Goris, Michael Gurven, Lewis G Halsey, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marije B Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas, Annemiek M Joosen, Peter Katzmarzyk, Kitty P Kempen, William E Kraus, Wantanee Kriengsinyos, Robert F Kushner, Estelle V Lambert, William R Leonard, Nader Lessan, Corby K Martin, Anine C Medin, Erwin P Meijer, James C Morehen, James P Morton, Marian L Neuhouser, Theresa A Nicklas, Robert M Ojiambo, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Yannis P Pitsiladis, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L Prentice, Roberto A Rabinovich, Susan B Racette, David A Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M Redman, John J Reilly, Rebecca M Reynolds, Susan B Roberts, Albertine J Schuit, Luis B Sardinha, Analiza M Silva, Anders M Sjödin, Eric Stice, Samuel S Urlacher, Giulio Valenti, Ludo M Van Etten, Edgar A Van Mil, Jonathan C K Wells, George Wilson, Brian M Wood, Jack A Yanovski, Alexia J Murphy-Alford, Cornelia U Loechl, Amy H Luke, Jennifer Rood, Klaas R Westerterp, William W Wong, Motohiko Miyachi, Dale A Schoeller, John R Speakman

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Water is essential for survival, but one in three individuals worldwide (2.2 billion people) lack access to safe drinking water. Water intake requirements largely reflect water turnover (WT), the water used by the body each day. We investigated the determinants of human WT in 5,604 people from the ages of 8 days to 96 years from 26 countries using isotope tracking (2H) methods. Age, body size, and composition were significantly associated with WT as were physical activity, athletic status, pregnancy, socioeconomic status, and environmental characteristics (latitude, altitude, air temperature, and humidity). People in countries with low human development index (HDI) …

Association Between The Health Belief Model, Exercise, And Nutrition Behaviors During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Keagan Kiely, Bill Mase, Andrew R. Hansen, Jessica S. Schwind

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected our nation’s health further than the infection it causes. Physical activity levels and dietary intake have suffered while individuals grapple with the changes in behavior to reduce viral transmission. With unique nuances regarding the access to physical activity and nutrition during the pandemic, the constructs of Health Belief Model (HBM) may present themselves differently in nutrition and exercise behaviors compared to precautions implemented to reduce viral transmission studied in previous research. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of exercise and nutritional behavior change during the COVID-19 pandemic and explain the …

Age-Related Changes In Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization: A Review, Maxwell T. Aiken, Sabrina S. Salvatore, Kyle N. Zelenski, Ryan K. Perkins

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems are intrinsically interconnected, sharing the goal of delivering oxygen to metabolically active tissue. Deficiencies within those systems that affect oxygen delivery to working tissues are a hallmark of advancing age. Oxygen delivery and utilization are reflected as muscle oxygen saturation (SmO₂) and may be assessed using near-infrared resonance spectroscopy (NIRS). PURPOSE: This review is intended to provide an update on the current state of literature regarding age-related effects on SmO₂. Furthermore, we attempt to bridge the gap between SmO₂ and associated underlying mechanisms affected by aging. FINDINGS: SmO …

Effects Of Acute Aerobic Exercise On Circulating Stlr And Srage Profiles In Normoglycemic And Insulin-Resistant Individuals, Ryan K. Perkins

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Impaired blood glucose regulation as a consequence of insulin resistance is linked to development of many clinical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s, and skeletal muscle wasting via inflammatory processes. Recent evidence suggests circulating solubilized Toll-Like Receptor (sTLR) and Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (sRAGE) originate from skeletal muscle and are related to glucose management and inflammation. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to explore 1) relationships among sTLR and sRAGE profiles and indices of metabolic health and 2) sTLR and sRAGE responses to an acute bout of aerobic exercise (AE) in normoglycemic (NG) and insulin-resistant (IR) individuals. We hypothesized …

Effects Of Time-Restricted Exercise On Training Induced Adaptations In Mice, Graham R. Mcginnis, Michael Dial, Elias M. Malek, Greco Neblina, Austin Cooper

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Recent studies have shown that the time of day that exercise is performed can alter the physiological and molecular response. However, very few studies have investigated the longitudinal effects of time-of-day dependent training. Identification of an optimal exercise timing could lead to subsequent exercise prescriptions to elicit specific adaptations based on desired outcomes in healthy or disease populations.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if voluntary exercise performed at different times of day would alter the physiological response to training. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice (Jackson Labs) housed on a strict 12:12 light dark cycle performed …

Exercise And Esr1 Control Mitochondrial Content And Function To Regulate Adiposity, Alice M. Ma, Nicole Lee Yang, Alexander R. Strumwasser, Zhenqi Zhou, Andrea L. Hevener

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mechanisms that underlie adipose tissue remodeling to enhance metabolic health in response to exercise training remain inadequately understood. PURPOSE: We utilized mouse genetics and human GWAS to determine the impact of exercise training on mitochondrial DNA copy number, and interrogate the relationship between Esr1 and adipose tissue health. METHODS: We performed RNAseq on adipose tissue from 100 strains of inbred mice following exercise training and determined mitochondrial content by qPCR. We performed deep phenotyping of mice harboring conditional Esr1 overexpression selectively in adipose tissue. Adipose specific Esr1 overexpression and control mice were fed a high fat diet and …

Low Intensity Vibration Protects The Weight Bearing Skeleton And Suppresses Fracture Incidence In Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Maria Luisa Bianchi, Silvia Vai, Giovanni Baranello, Francesca Broggi, Stefan Judex, Thomas N. Hangartner, Clinton Rubin

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

The ability of low intensity vibration (LIV) to combat skeletal decline in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. Twenty DMD boys were enrolled, all ambulant and treated with glucocorticoids (mean age 7.6, height adjusted Z scores [HAZ] of hip bone mineral density [BMD] −2.3). Ten DMD boys were assigned to stand for 10 min/d on an active LIV platform (0.4 g at 30 Hz), while 10 stood on a placebo device. Baseline and 14 month bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD of spine, hip, and total body were measured with DXA, and trabecular bone density …

The Effects Of Acute High-Intensity Interval Exercise And Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamp On Osteoglycin Levels In Young And Middle-Aged Men, Carlie Bauer, Alexander Tacey, Andrew Garnham, Cassandra Smith, Mary N. Woessner, Xuzhu Lin, Navabeh Zarekookandeh, David L. Hare, Joshua R. Lewis, Lewan Parker, Itamar Levinger

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Osteoglycin (OGN) is a leucine-rich proteoglycan that has been implicated in the regulation of glucose in animal models. However, its relationship with glucose control in humans is unclear. We examined the effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp on circulating levels of OGN as well as whether circulating OGN levels are associated with markers of glycemic control and cardio-metabolic health. Serum was analyzed for OGN (ELISA) levels from 9 middle-aged obese men (58.1 ± 2.2 years, body mass index [BMI] = 33.1 ± 1.4 kg∙m ^{− 2}, mean ± SEM) and 9 young men (27.8 ± 1.6 …

The Impact Of Meal Dietary Inflammatory Index On Exercise-Induced Changes In Airway Inflammation In Adults With Asthma, Katrina P. Mcdiarmid, Lisa G. Wood, John W. Upham, Lesley K. Macdonald-Wicks, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., James R. Hébert Scd, Hayley A. Scott

Faculty Publications

Research suggests exercise may reduce eosinophilic airway inflammation in adults with asthma. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) quantifies the inflammatory potential of the diet and has been associated with asthma outcomes. This study aimed to determine whether the DII of a meal consumed either before or after exercise influences exercise-induced changes in airway inflammation. A total of 56 adults with asthma were randomised to (1) 30–45 min moderate–vigorous exercise, or (2) a control group. Participants consumed self-selected meals, two hours pre- and two hours post-intervention. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DIITM) was determined for each meal, with meals then characterised as “anti-inflammatory” or …

Impact Of Two Types Of Fitness Programs On Soldier Physical Fitness, Aaron G. Parks, William H. Murrah, Wendi H. Weimar, Paige A. Mchenry, Donald Bigham, Kkevin Giordano, Joellen M. Sefton

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(4): 1326-1346, 2022. This study compared an expert supervised, fully resourced physical training (PT) program compared to a traditional physical training PT plan on Army Officer Candidate School (OSC) soldier fitness outcomes. This retrospective cohort study compared 228 OCS soldiers (179 male [26.74±3.78 years] and 49 female [26.55±4.18 years]) in two companies for 12 weeks. One company participated in a fully resourced PT program designed by fitness experts to improve overall fitness and mobility (TAP-C). One company participated in traditional physical training designed to excel on the Army combat fitness test (ACFT, includes deadlift, power …