Digital Commons Network^™

The Effectiveness Of Mentoring-Based Professional Development On Physical Education Teachers' Pedometer And Computer Efficacy And Anxiety, Jeffrey J. Martin, Nate Mccaughtry, Pamela Hodges Kulinna, Donetta Cothran, Roberta Faust

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of our study was to examine the impact of mentoring-based professional development on physical education teachers' efficacy. Experienced mentor teachers were paired (n = 15) with inexperienced protégé teachers (n = 15) at the beginning of a yearlong intervention study. It was hypothesized that teachers would increase their efficacy to use pedometers and computers to enhance instruction, and reduce their computer anxiety. Repeated-measures ANOVAs for mentors and protégés revealed a variety of significant main effects. We found increases in computer and pedometer efficacy. A second set of repeated-measures ANOVAs based on mentors', protégés', and control groups' …

Barriers And Facilitators To A Healthy Diet And Physical Activity, Tiffany Black, Jennifer Buelt, Aubrey Trefz, Brian Tuchscherer

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the barriers and facilitators to a healthy diet and physical activity of students attending the University of North Dakota. The research was designed to determine the students overall perception of the specific barriers and facilitators, however researchers also wanted to specify disparities existing among the different ages, genders, physical activity levels, body mass index and ethnicity. This study determined the attitudes and beliefs of UND students towards a healthy lifestyle. From the information gathered the researchers were able to make recommendations for program implementation and improvement.

Methods: A sample …

Physical Activity And Prostate Cancer Mortality In Puerto Rican Men, Carlos J. Crespo, Mario R. Garcia-Palmieri, Ellen Smit, I-Min Lee, Daniel Lee Mcgee, Paola Muti, Nayda R. Figueroa Valle, Farah A. Ramirez-Marrero, Jo L. Freudenheim, Paul Sorlie

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Studies on the association between physical activity and fatal prostate cancer have produced inconclusive results. The Puerto Rico Heart Health Program was a cohort study of a randomly selected sample of 9824 men age 35 to 79 years at baseline who were followed for mortality until 2002. Multiple examinations collected information on lifestyle, diet, body composition, exercise, urban-rural residence, and smoking habits. Physical activity status was measured using the Framingham Physical Activity Index, an assessment of occupational, leisure-time, and other physical activities measured as usual activity over the course of a 24-hour day. Physical activity was strati- fied into quartiles. …

Brachial Artery Flow Mediated Vasodilation: Effect Of Chemical Analytes, Diet, Exercise, And Genetic Markers, Joanie Brocato Wilson

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The goal of this research was to gain a better understanding of interplay between molecular biology, physiology, biochemistry, functionality with disease and interventions. The primary findings of the first study were that there was a significant inverse correlation between homocysteine and brachial artery flow mediated dilation (BAFMD) and baseline brachial artery diameter. Interestingly, there was a significant difference in BAFMD between methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype groups. Regression analysis indicated that the MTHFR genotype, homocysteine and age were significant predictors of BAFMD. The second study revealed that vascular reactivity as measured by BAFMD was modifiable. A meta-analysis of 22 intervention …

Physical Activity Patterns In Missoula Youth, Laura Leigh Mohar

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Physical activity (PA) is a critical determinant of long term health and is necessary for the prevention of youth onset–adult diseases. It is recommended that all youth accumulate at least 60+ min of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) most days of the week in bouts lasting at least 10 min. PURPOSE: To evaluate the PA patterns of Missoula youth in order to make better recommendations for PA interventions for a wellness policy. METHODS: 324 elementary and middle school students from 5 schools wore accelerometers on their wrists for 5 days. The data were converted to activity …

Carbohydrate Gel Ingestion And Immunoendocrine Responses To Cycling In Temperate And Hot Conditions, Jonathan Peake, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Christopher R. Abbiss, Kazunori Nosaka, Paul B. Laursen, Katsuhiko Suzuki

Research outputs pre 2011

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Cryotherapy On Eccentric Peak Torque Recovery After An Intense Eccentric Exercise, Michelle Nicole Peluaga

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of a 45-minute cryotherapy application post-exercise repeated daily for 3-days on the recovery of the quadriceps after inducing DOMS. Results showed eccentric mean PT was greater at baseline than 24-hours after eccentric exercise. Knee AROM, joint line, 5cm, and 10cm girth measurements resulted in no differences. However, 15cm and 20cm sites revealed baseline values being lower than 48-hours; Tenderness at VMO post-treatment resulted in a difference with the initial application being lower than 24-hours. The 15cm site pre-exercise and post-treatment resulted in differences where baseline was lower than 24 and 48-hours. Post-exercise revealed the treated …

Impact Of Energy Intake, Physical Activity, And Population-Wide Weight Loss On Cardiovascular Disease And Diabetes Mortality In Cuba, 1980-2005, Manuel Franco, Pedro Orduñez, Benjamín Caballero, José A. Tapia Granados, Mariana Lazo, José Luís Bernal, Eliseo Guallar, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

Cuba's economic crisis of 1989-2000 resulted in reduced energy intake, increased physical activity, and sustained population-wide weight loss. The authors evaluated the possible association of these factors with mortality trends. Data on per capita daily energy intake, physical activity, weight loss, and smoking were systematically retrieved from national and local surveys. National vital statistics from 1980-2005 were used to assess trends in mortality from diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer, and all causes. The crisis reduced per capita daily energy intake from 2,899 calories to 1,863 calories. During the crisis period, the proportion of physically active adults increased from 30% …

Objectively Assessed Associations Between Physical Activity And Body Composition In Middle-School Girls: The Trial Of Activity For Adolescent Girls, June Stevens, David M. Murray, Chris C. Baggett, John P. Elder, Timothy G. Lohman, Leslie A. Lytle, Russell R. Pate, Charlotte A. Pratt, Margarita S. Treuth, Larry S. Webber, Deborah Rohm Young

Faculty Publications

Declining levels of physical activity probably contribute to the increasing prevalence of overweight in US youth. In this study, the authors examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between physical activity and body composition in sixth- and eighth-grade girls. In 2003, girls were recruited from six US states as part of the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls. Physical activity was measured using 6 days of accelerometry, and percentage of body fat was calculated using an age- and ethnicity-specific prediction equation. Sixth-grade girls with an average of 12.8 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day (15th percentile) were 2.3 times (95% …

Special Article: Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, And Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Childhood, Samuel S. Gidding

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

In adults, physical activity and exercise training are associated with reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, a reduced likelihood of developing adverse cardiovascular risk factors, and improved insulin sensitivity. In childhood, participation in appropriate physical activity may prevent the development of cardiovascular risk factors in the future and complement treatment of existing cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and overweight. Exercise in children can also significantly improve insulin sensitivity independent of weight loss. These e fects are mediated in overweight children by increases in lean body mass relative to fat mass and associated improvements in inflammatory mediators, endothelial function, and the …

Acceptability Of A Fruit Slush Product By Individuals That Participate In A Wellness Center, Keri Dyann Connelly

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to determine the consumer acceptability of fruit slushes prepared with either sucralose or sugar. Subjects (n=105) were given samples of fruit slushes and asked to complete an acceptability test and survey. The sensory characteristics measured included the overall liking of the product, flavor, texture, and color using a scale of 1=dislike extremely to 5=like extremely. Subjects? daily fruit consumption patterns and knowledge of nutrition were also solicited and analyzed. On average, there were no differences (P>0.05) in sensory characteristics between the two products. Overall, participants moderately liked both products. Flavor scores of the …

Development, Evaluation, And Efficacy Of A Heart Healthy Curriculum In Two Different Education Settings; Emphasizing Food Portioning And Cooking Skills, Increased Fruits, Vegetables, Whole Grains, Low-Fat Dairy, And Exercise, Rachel Richins

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States. The prevalence of CVD will increase in conjunction with the rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes and decrease in physical activity, due to the adverse effects of adiposity and atherosclerosis associated with these syndromes. Excellent inpatient, outpatient, and community-based program s are available to educate and direct healthy behavioral changes, yet the number of programs available is not sufficient for the volume of patients, nor widely distributed in all areas (particularly rural areas). There is a lack of comprehensive education programs for adults directed …

Exercise And Cardiovascular Events - Placing The Risks Into Perspective: A Scientific Statement From The American Heart Association Council On Nutrition, Physical Activity, And Metabolism And The Council On Clinical Cardiology, Paul D. Thompson, Barry A. Franklin, Gary J. Balady, Steven N. Blair, Domenico Corrado, N. A. Mark Estes Iii, Janet E. Fulton, Neil F. Gordon, William L. Haskell, Mark S. Link, Barry J. Maron, Murray A. Mittleman, Antonio Pelliccia, Nanette K. Wenger, Stefan N. Willich, Fernando Costa

Faculty Publications

Habitual physical activity reduces coronary heart disease events, but vigorous activity can also acutely and transiently increase the risk of sudden cardiac death and acute myocardial infarction in susceptible persons. This scientific statement discusses the potential cardiovascular complications of exercise, their pathological substrate, and their incidence and suggests strategies to reduce these complications. Exercise-associated acute cardiac events generally occur in individuals with structural cardiac disease. Hereditary or congenital cardiovascular abnormalities are predominantly responsible for cardiac events among young individuals, whereas atherosclerotic disease is primarily responsible for these events in adults. The absolute rate of exercise-related sudden cardiac death varies with …

Post‐Exercise Substrate Utilization After A High Glucose Vs. High Fructose Meal During Negative Energy Balance In The Obese, Thomas J. Tittelbach, Richard D. Mattes, Randall J. Gretebeck

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To assess the effects of negative energy balance on the metabolic response of a meal containing either glucose or fructose as the primary source of carbohydrate after exercise in obese individuals in energy balance, or negative energy balance.

Research Methods and Procedures: Fourteen adults with mean body mass index (BMI) 30.3 ± 1 kg/m², age 26 ± 2 years, and weight 93.5 ± 5.4 kg, adhered to an energy‐balanced (EB) or a negative energy‐balanced (NEB) diet for 6 days. On Day 7, subjects exercised at 70% VO_2peak for 40 minutes then consumed either high glucose …

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 02, February 2007, Diane Witter

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• New Findings on Aspirin and Heart Attacks
• Kicking Off a Trend: Cancer-Related Deaths Decline
• House Call: Working Out How to Lower Your Risk of Cancer

Influence Of A Functional Knee Brace And Exercise On Lower Extremity Kinematics During Jogging, Brian M. Campbell, Daniel Cipriani, James A. Yaggie

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

ABSTRACT Context: Functional knee braces (FKB) are used prophylactically and in rehabilitation to aide in the functional stability of the knee joint. Objective: To determine if alterations in sagittal plane lower extremity kinematics remain evident throughout a one hour period in healthy individuals. Design: 2X5 repeated measures design. Setting: Biomechanics Laboratory. Subjects: Twenty subjects (14 male and 6 female, mean age 26.5±7 yrs; height 172.4±13 cm; weight 78.6±9 kg), separated into braced (B) and no brace (NB) groups. Intervention: A one-hour exercise program divided into three 20 minute increments. Main Outcome Measures: Synchronized three-dimensional …

Fat Mass Gain Is Lower In Calcium-Supplemented Than In Unsupplemented Preschool Children With Low Dietary Calcium Intakes, Elizabeth D. Dejongh, Teresa L. Binkley, Bonny Specker

Ethel Austin Martin Program Publications

BACKGROUND: Dietary calcium may play a role in the stimulation of lipolysis and the inhibition of lipogenesis, thereby reducing body fat.
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to determine whether an association existed between change in percentage body fat (%BF) or fat mass and calcium intake in children aged 3-5 y.
DESIGN: A secondary analysis of a 1-y randomized calcium and activity trial in 178 children was conducted. Three-day diet records and 48-h accelerometer readings were obtained at 0, 6, and 12 mo. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at 0 and 12 mo.
RESULTS: The decrease in %BF was …

Promoting Physical Activity In Children And Youth: A Leadership Role For Schools: A Scientific Statement From The American Heart Association Council On Nutrition, Physical Activity, And Metabolism (Physical Activity Committee) In Collaboration With The Councils On Cardiovascular Disease In The Young And Cardiovascular Nursing, Russell R. Pate, Michael G. Davis, Thomas N. Robinson, Elaine J. Stone, Thomas L. Mckenzie, Judith C. Young

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Exercise Self-Efficacy, Stages Of Exercise Change, Health Promotion Behaviors, And Physical Activity In Postmenopausal Hispanic Women, Pamela Wolfe Kohlbry Phd

Dissertations

The purpose of this correlational research is to understand the relationships among the variables of exercise self-efficacy, stages of exercise change, health promotion behaviors, body mass index (BMI), health problems, and the level of physical activity in postmenopausal Hispanic women. The significance of this study is to contribute research that enhances the understanding of the relationship of psychosocial and health promotion correlates and physical activity in postmenopausal Hispanic women. On a national level, this is important because Hispanic women make up one of the fastest growing minority populations and they experience the second highest level of obesity. This research is …

Influence Of Rapid Growth On Skeletal Adaptation To Exercise, Bonny Specker

Ethel Austin Martin Program Publications

During rapid growth, increased body weight and muscle strength result in increased loads on bone. Bone adapts to these increased strains by increasing bone modeling and remodeling. As the growth rate decreases, bone that was formed as a result of these adaptations continues to mineralize and "catch up", and bone modeling and remodeling decreases. Bone benefits of exercise in childhood are reported in some studies, although we observed less BMC gain at trabecular-rich sites during the peri-pubertal period in children who jumped than those who did not. Data from 13 existing pediatric exercise studies were compiled to determine whether similar …

Do Overweight Inactive Parents Raise Overweight Inactive Children? Examination Of The Influence Of The Home Environment On Weight Status Of Children Over Time, Emily York-Crowe

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The primary aim of this study was to test whether body mass index (BMI), psychosocial, and behavioral parental variables were associated with similar variables in children at baseline, and whether these variables also served as significant predictors of overweight status in children after two years. While there have been several cross-sectional studies examining the impact of parental behaviors and characteristics on similar variables in children, and several longitudinal studies predicting weight status, BMI percentile, and risk factors of disease in children over time, there is a paucity of research that has identified (cross-sectionally) and then tested (longitudinally) significant parental variables …

Examination Of The Constructs Of The Transtheoretical Model In Patients With Heart Failure: A Focus On Physical Activity Readiness, Tracie Rena Parish

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The goal of this research was to gain greater understanding about the management of heart failure patients. A particular focus was to evaluate exercise tolerance and behavior. The major findings of the first study included: (1) evidence that few heart failure patients receive adequate information regarding physical activity; (2) performance on a six-minute walk test were ~42% lower, and SF-36 scores were also lower in heart failure patients compared to controls; (3) stability in hemodynamic measures and distance walked on the 6-minute walk test were adequate, and (4) home exercise resulted in 19% improvement in maximum walking distance and 30% …

Coronary Heart Disease Risk Stratification In Full-Time Miami Valley Hospital Employees, Vicki K. Streng

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Heart disease is the number one killer in the United States (American Heart Association, 2005). The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the results of a twelve-week exercise program on coronary heart disease risk factors in full-time hospital employees. Methods: The participants were given cardiovascular, weight training, and flexibility recommendations to follow during a twelve-week period. The main heart disease risk factors measured before and after the completion of the exercise program were blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and body mass index. The information was put into the Framingham Heart Score to estimate the participants’ 10-year risk of developing …

The Influence Of Physical Activity And Television On The Intention And Self-Efficacy To Engage In Health-Enhancing Behaviors, Ian Joseph Wallace

Theses and Dissertations

Cancer and heart disease account for the largest proportion of morbidity and mortality among all adult diseases in the United States. Research has focused on identifying causal risk factors among adolescents. However, theories of health behavior change also stress the intermediary factors of intention and efficacy for effective behavior change. Existing research supports the potential of physical activity (PA), particularly learned through the domains of exercise and sport, as a means to developing these necessary skills (Danish, Petitpas, & Hale, 1993). The current investigation examined the influence of PA and television watching (TV) on intentions and efficacy to engage in …

Be Active!: An Examination Of Social Support's Role In Individual Vs. Team Competition In Worksite Health Promotion, Lauren Kriz

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Millions of dollars are being spent on health care claims. To try and reduce these claims, corporations are implementing worksite health promotion programs. Some success has been associated with these programs. Many programs implement different types of incentives and competitions. Some incentives and competitions are based on individual participation while others are based on team participation. The purpose of the study was to determine the role social support plays in individual and team health promotion programs and discover if social support was the key factor for the differences in such programs. All participants of the study were responsible for keeping …

The Relationship Between Leisure-Time Physical Activity And The Metabolic Syndrome: An Examination Of Nhanes Iii, 1988-1994, Katrina D. Dubose, Cheryl L. Addy, Barbara E. Ainsworth, Gregory A. Hand, J. Larry Durstine

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Revised Adult Treatment Panel Iii Guidelines And Cardiovascular Disease Mortality In Men Attending A Preventive Medical Clinic, Chris I. Ardern, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Ian Janssen, Timothy S. Church, Steven N. Blair

Faculty Publications

Background - National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines recommended therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) and drug therapy to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. These guidelines have been revised recently (ATP III-R); however, the risk of CVD mortality within each intervention window and the effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and metabolic syndrome on CVD mortality within the framework of the guidelines are unknown.

Methods and Results - Risk factor and CRF data from 19,125 men (aged 20 to 79 years) who attended a preventive medical clinic between 1979 and 1995 were used. Mortality follow-up was completed until December 31, …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Inversely Associated With The Incidence Of Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Study Of Men And Women, Michael J. Lamonte, Carolyn E. Barlow, Radim Jurca, James B. Kampert, Timothy S. Church, Steven N. Blair

Faculty Publications

Background - Few studies have reported the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome incidence, particularly in women.

Methods and Results - We prospectively studied 9007 men (mean±SD, age, 44±9 years; body mass index, 25±3 kg/m²) and 1491 women (age, 44±9 years; body mass index, 22±2 kg/m²) who were free of metabolic syndrome and for whom measures of waist girth, resting blood pressure, fasting lipids, and glucose were taken during baseline and follow-up examinations. Baseline cardiorespiratory fitness was quantified as duration of a maximal treadmill test. Metabolic syndrome was defined with NCEP ATP-III criteria. During a …

Expanding The Science Of Successful Aging: Older Adults Living In Continuing Care Retirement Communities (Ccrcs), Kathryn H. Petrossi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Rowe and Kahns theory of successful aging identifies three main components of aging successfully: reducing the risk of disease and disability, maintaining high cognitive and physical function, and engagement with life. While there is compelling evidence that suggests the legitimacy of this concept in the 50-75 year old community dwelling population, three areas of expansion are necessary: 1.) programmatic research; 2.) extending the existing research samples to include older samples and those living in continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs); and 3.) the integration of data collection and analysis to move beyond investigation of just one successful aging outcome to include …

Scale Development For Perceived School Climate For Girls’ Physical Activity, Amanda Birnbaum, Kelly R. Evenson, Robert W. Motl, Rod K. Dishman, Carolyn C. Voorhees, James F. Sallis, John P. Elder, Marsha Dowda

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Objectives: To test an original scale assessing perceived school climate for girls' physical activity in middle school girls. Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: CFA retained 5 of 14 original items. A model with 2 correlated factors, perceptions about teachers' and boys' behaviors, respectively, fit the data well in both sixth and eighth-graders. SEM detected a positive, significant direct association of the teacher factor, but not the boy factor, with girls' self-reported physical activity. Conclusions: School climate for girls' physical activity is a measurable construct, and preliminary evidence suggests a relationship with physical activity.