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Hopf Bifurcation In Models For Pertussis Epidemiology, Herbert W. Hethcote, Yi Li, Zhujun Jing

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Pertussis (whooping cough) incidence in the United States has oscillated with a period of about four years since data was first collected in 1922. An infection with pertussis confers immunity for several years, but then the immunity wanes, so that reinfection is possible. A pertussis reinfection is mild after partial loss of immunity, but the reinfection can be severe after complete loss of immunity. Three pertussis transmission models with waning of immunity are examined for periodic solutions. Equilibria and their stability are determined. Hopf bifurcation of periodic solutions around the endemic equilibrium can occur for some parameter values in two …

Mammalian Reservoirs And The Changing Epidemiology Of Rabies In The United States, James E. Childs, John W. Krebs, Charles E. Rupprecht

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The epidemiology of rabies in the United States has changed dramatically over the past few decades. Greater than 90% of all animal rabies cases reported annually to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention now occur in wildlife, whereas before 1960 the majority were domestic animals. The principal rabies reservoirs today are wild carnivores and bats, infected with many different types of rabies virus variants. Annual reporting of human deaths have fallen from more than 100 at the turn of the century to one to six per year, despite major outbreaks of animal rabies in several distinct geographic areas. Most …

Epidemiology : An Essential Method In The Control Of Infectious Disease, Ruth A. Erickson

Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects

No abstract provided.

A Mathematical Model To Describe Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Within Western Australia, Kevin Dennis

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This work is primarily aimed at determining the effect that an immunisation policy Is likely to have on the incidence of Haemophllus influenzae Type B (HIB) and systematic HIB in Western Australia. There was a significant effort made to collect data pertinent to the estimation of parameter values but since HIB has only been a notifiable disease since 1992, there was a distinct lack of relevant data available. Private communication with individual’s such as Dr Jeffrey Hanna and Dr Beryl Wild resulted in practical information being obtained that was used to estimate certain parameters. The deterministic mathematical models within the …

A Model For Determining The Need For Chronic Disease Prevention In The Community: Development And Use, Janet Garzone Kosidlak

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education ETD Archive

The traditional concerns of public health have been the promotion of health, the prevention of disease, and the prevention of premature death. As death from communicable diseases and conditions of pregnancy and early infancy decrease, public health interests are being expanded toward the prevention of premature death from chronic diseases.

Mortality rates were the most common indicators used to describe the burden of chronic disease problems in the community. Mortality rates are based on the number of incidences per 100,000 population. A relatively newer indicator is called Years of Potential Life Lost. Years of Potential Life Lost represent the number …

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Antibodies: High Prevalence In Monogamous Women In Costa Rica, Mark W. Oberle, Luis Rosero-Bixby, Francis K. Lee, Maria Sanchez-Braverman, A J. Nahmias, Mary Guinan

School of Public Health Faculty Research

We studied the prevalence of antibody to Herpes simplex virus types I and 2 (HSV-I and HSV-2) in 766 randomly selected Costa Rican women 25-59 years of age in a national household survey in 1984-1985. Overall, 97.1% were seropositive for HSV-l and 39.4% for HSV -2. Only 1.1% of HSV -2 seropositive women gave a history of symptomatic genital herpes. HSV-2 virus antibody increased with age and with the number of lifetime sexual partners. HSV -2 seroprevalence among women who reported only 1 lifetime sexual partner was almost twice as high as the prevalence among women who denied sexual experience …

The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome In New England: An Epidemiological Review Of The First Six Years, Laureen M. Kunches, Jeanne M. Day

New England Journal of Public Policy

Between 1981 and 1987 — the six-year period following initial recognition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) — 1,475 cases were reported among residents of the six New England states. Of nearly 40,000 cases nationwide, 3.8 percent occurred among New England residents, though the region 's population represents 5.5 percent ofthe total United States population. The groups most affected include homosexual or bisexual men (65 percent) and intravenous drug users (20 percent). However, in the two southernmost states — Rhode Island and Connecticut — 32 to 40 percent of all cases have used intravenous drugs. In these states, the male:female …

Cancer And Toxic Substances: The Problem Of Causation And The Use Of Epidemiology, Junius C. Mcelveen Jr., Pamela S. Eddy

Cleveland State Law Review

This article seeks to illuminate the difficulties in finding causation between cancer development and toxic substances. Section II gives a brief history of cancer in society as well as an introduction to the biological cancer mechanism, and highlights our general lack of knowledge about cancer. Section III takes a brief look at some occupations and environmental factors that have been suggested causes of cancer. Section IV discusses in depth the problems with establishing association between toxic substances and cancer, especially in establishing causal significance. Section V analyzes how the epidemiology of disease and toxic substances is treated by courts. Section …

Oncolog, Volume 29, Number 04, October-December 1984, Guy R. Newell Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Computer Program Simulates Cell Growth, Provides Data for Cytotoxic Drug Studies
• UT MDAH Code of Ethics Guides Personnel in Making Complex Decisions Concerning Patients
• Epidemiologist Relates Hodgkin's Disease, Testicular Cancer, and Multiple Sclerosis
• Leech Gland Extract Inhibits Metastasis Enhancement by Drugs or Radiation in Mice

National Case-Control Study Of Kaposi's Sarcoma And Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia In Homosexual Men: Part 1. Epidemiologic Results, Harold W. Jaffe, Keewhan Choi, Pauline A. Thomas, Harry W. Haverkos, David M. Auerbach, Mary E. Guinan, Martha F. Rogers, Thomas J. Spira, William W. Darrow, Mark A. Kramer, Stephen M. Friedman, James M. Monroe, Alvin E. Friedman-Kien, Linda J. Laubenstein, Michael Marmor, Bijan Safai, Selma K. Dritz, Salvatore J. Crispi, Shirley L. Fannin, John P. Orkwis, Alexander Kelter, Wilmon R. Rushing, Stephen B. Thacker, James W. Curran

School of Public Health Faculty Research

To identify risk factors for the occurrence of Kaposi's sarcoma and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men, we conducted a case-control study in New York City, San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Atlanta. Fifty patients (cases) (39 with Kaposi's sarcoma, 8 with pneumocystis pneumonia, and 3 with both) and 120 matched homosexual male controls (from sexually transmitted disease clinics and private medical practices) participated in the study. The variable most strongly associated with illness was a larger number of male sex partners per year (median, 61 for patients; 27 and 25 for clinic and private practice controls, respectively). Compared with controls, …

System Dynamic Studies In Epidemiology (Deterministic), William Edward Lewis

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Simulated Science: Clinical Microbiology Lessons With Operation Outbreak, Melissa Poua

Open Educational Resources

This resource includes suggested teaching materials, posters and other visual aids, and two worksheets in epidemiology and virology, respectively. The target audience for this resource is healthcare majors in clinical microbiology courses. The laboratory activities are adapted to work with a free hands-on teaching phone application (Operation Outbreak) that models an outbreak in real-time, allowing the students to explore interventions and mitigation strategies.

Further details and instructions.