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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Using The Community Informant Based (Made-In And Made-For) Methodology For Estimating Maternal Mortality Ratio (Mmr) In Districts Haripur And Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Population Council
Using The Community Informant Based (Made-In And Made-For) Methodology For Estimating Maternal Mortality Ratio (Mmr) In Districts Haripur And Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Population Council
Reproductive Health
Through its Reproductive Maternal and Neonatal Child Health project, GIZ Pakistan is assisting the Government of Pakistan in strengthening its health system’s capacities for ensuring effective, efficient, client-oriented, and affordable reproductive, maternal, newborn, and adolescent health care. GIZ engaged with senior national and provincial government officials who indicated their interest in applying the innovative Made-In/Made-For (Maternal Death, from Informants/Maternal Death, Follow On Review) methodology, a cost-effective alternative for generating reliable estimates of maternal mortality through community-based informant networks. This Population Council study in two pilot districts identified specific areas that need strong policy and programmatic interventions to improve maternal health …
Using The Community Informant-Based (Made-In And Made-For) Methodology To Estimate The Neonatal Mortality Rate (Nmr) In Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Feasibility Study, Ali M. Mir, Saleem Shaikh, Mumraiz Khan, Irfan Masood, Mansoor Qaisar, Sabahat Hussain, Rehan M. Niazi
Using The Community Informant-Based (Made-In And Made-For) Methodology To Estimate The Neonatal Mortality Rate (Nmr) In Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Feasibility Study, Ali M. Mir, Saleem Shaikh, Mumraiz Khan, Irfan Masood, Mansoor Qaisar, Sabahat Hussain, Rehan M. Niazi
Reproductive Health
Concerned about high levels of neonatal mortality, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa district government in Pakistan expressed a need to adapt and test a new approach—commonly referred to as the “Made-In/Made-For” (MIMF) method—that uses community-based informants to estimate the number of maternal deaths. The current pilot study in Nowshera was commissioned by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH and conducted by the Population Council to test the feasibility of using the method, and community-based informant networks that had been used to measure maternal mortality, for estimating neonatal deaths. This study clearly shows that, in addition to identifying maternal deaths, informant …
Using The Community Informant Based (Made-In And Made-For) Methodology For Estimating Maternal Mortality Ratio (Mmr) In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Ali M. Mir, Saleem Shaikh, Mumraiz Khan, Irfan Masood
Using The Community Informant Based (Made-In And Made-For) Methodology For Estimating Maternal Mortality Ratio (Mmr) In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Ali M. Mir, Saleem Shaikh, Mumraiz Khan, Irfan Masood
Reproductive Health
This report documents a study by the Population Council estimating the maternal mortality ratio of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province in Pakistan using an innovative community informant–based method, known as the “Made-In/Made-For” (MIMF) technique, to collect data on maternal deaths. The report confirms that maternal mortality persists as a major public health issue in KP, and the problem may be much larger than assumed. The study’s success in identifying causes of death through verbal autopsies and their subsequent disaggregation into direct and indirect causes is important from policy and programmatic perspectives. Interventions need to focus both on direct and indirect causes …
Euskaldunak Or Amerikanuak: An Introduction To The Folklore Of The Boise Basques And Its Contribution To The Basque-American Identity, Leah Zavaleta
Euskaldunak Or Amerikanuak: An Introduction To The Folklore Of The Boise Basques And Its Contribution To The Basque-American Identity, Leah Zavaleta
Senior Independent Study Theses
There is little to no research on the folklore of the Basques, and what little that has been done is outdated. The Basques are a people that have long intrigued anthropologists, linguists, geneticists, and folklorists. Previous research has attempted to find an origin of the Basque language, and has acknowledged the genetic uniqueness of the Basques and attempted to discover why. The folklore of the Basques was collected almost a century ago and there are no contemporary collections of current Basque folklore. I have attempted to solve this problem by contributing to the literature on the folklore of the Basques. …
An Examination Of The Practice Of Aligning Speech-Language Therapy Goals To The Common Core State Standards For English Language Arts, Gerard Francis Shine
An Examination Of The Practice Of Aligning Speech-Language Therapy Goals To The Common Core State Standards For English Language Arts, Gerard Francis Shine
Theses and Dissertations
Implementation of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) is now a curriculum priority for school districts across the United States. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are exploring ways to incorporate the CCSS into their assessment and therapy practices. Literature centered on the development of language goals aligned with the CCSS for English language arts (ELA) was limited. The purpose of this study was to identify if SLPs working in public elementary and middle school settings had adopted the practice of aligning their language-intervention goals to the CCSS for ELA for students on their caseloads. Perceived feasibility of language goal alignment to the …
Representations Of Us Acts Of Extra-Territoriality As Illustrated In Pakistani-English Political Cartoons, Aina S. Niaz
Representations Of Us Acts Of Extra-Territoriality As Illustrated In Pakistani-English Political Cartoons, Aina S. Niaz
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The significance of Pakistan as an international state cannot be downplayed. Not only is Pakistan the first Islamic state to develop its nuclear power, but Pakistan has served as an important geostrategic state to the US on several occasions. The US-Pakistan geopolitical relationship was most vividly highlighted during the final years of the Cold War; and has reemerged again in the Global War on Terror. This thesis will examine Pakistani-English political cartoons to examine the way US extra-territoriality is represented visually. Approximately 2940 political cartoons are collected from four Pakistani-English newspapers: Dawn, The Express Tribune, The Nation, …
Eavesdropping On The Past: An Oral History Exploration Of English And Spanish In Contact In Texas' Rio Grande Valley, 1904-1945, Aaron B. Cummings
Eavesdropping On The Past: An Oral History Exploration Of English And Spanish In Contact In Texas' Rio Grande Valley, 1904-1945, Aaron B. Cummings
Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA
This thesis investigates the interaction of English and Spanish L1 communities in the Rio Grande Valley of South Texas from 1904 to 1945 (an era of mass English L1 migration from the Northern United States and Canada to this historically Spanish-speaking region) via analysis of oral interviews that record both language communities’ memories of the era’s social structures. Collectively, the interviews tell the story of the region’s sociocultural and sociolinguistic environment with a view to exploring how members of each community reacted to the presence of the other language during the first years of significant English/Spanish language contact in previously …
"English-Only Or Ethnocentrism? Toward A Sociological Understanding Of English-Only Case Law", Ian Peacock, Pablo Tapia
"English-Only Or Ethnocentrism? Toward A Sociological Understanding Of English-Only Case Law", Ian Peacock, Pablo Tapia
Brigham Young University Prelaw Review
No abstract provided.
Eng 3903-001: Women, Literature And Language, Melissa Ames
Eng 3903-001: Women, Literature And Language, Melissa Ames
Spring 2015
No abstract provided.
Eng 1001-005: Composition & Language, L. A. Berry
Trends In Hiv Prevalence, Sexual And Health Seeking Behaviors, And Hiv-Related Discrimination Among Nigerian Youth, Population Council
Trends In Hiv Prevalence, Sexual And Health Seeking Behaviors, And Hiv-Related Discrimination Among Nigerian Youth, Population Council
HIV and AIDS
Nigeria, home to over 170 million people, has a disproportionately heavy youth population of 32 percent whose well-being is intricately tied to the country’s prospects for sustainable development. Nigeria has an HIV prevalence of 3.4 percent, the second highest number of infections in the world. In 2013, it was estimated that 160,000 adolescents in Nigeria were living with HIV. Although Nigeria has developed a national HIV strategic plan that forms a basis for the HIV response, national AIDS and related policies contain few youth-centered provisions. Overall, the national strategic plan targets youth as part of the general population. To fill …
Do Clinical Decision-Support Reminders For Medical Providers Improve Isoniazid Prescription Rates Among Hiv-Positive Adults?, Eric P. Green, Caricia Catalani, Aggrey Keny, Lameck Diero, Charity Ndwiga, Dennis Israelski, Paul Biondich
Do Clinical Decision-Support Reminders For Medical Providers Improve Isoniazid Prescription Rates Among Hiv-Positive Adults?, Eric P. Green, Caricia Catalani, Aggrey Keny, Lameck Diero, Charity Ndwiga, Dennis Israelski, Paul Biondich
HIV and AIDS
People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at increased risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) and dying from TB. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) can prevent this, but only a small fraction of HIV-positive individuals are on IPT. Previous research suggests that clinical decision support systems (CDSS)—electronic systems that use existing patient data and established algorithms to generate alerts, reminders, or recommendations intended to aid clinical decision-making—have the potential to improve provider adherence to diagnostic and treatment guidelines. Researchers conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial of a new CDSS intervention for TB screening, prevention, and treatment in a high HIV and TB …
A Secondary Analysis Of Retention Across The Pmtct Cascade In Selected Countries: Rwanda, Malawi, Kenya, And Swaziland, Godfrey Woelk, Aida Y. Berhan, Kwashie Kudiabor, Martha Mukaminega, John On'gech, Epiphanie Nyirabahizi, Caspian Chouraya, David Kimosop, Dieudonne Ndatimana, Mafayo Phiri, Heather Hoffman
A Secondary Analysis Of Retention Across The Pmtct Cascade In Selected Countries: Rwanda, Malawi, Kenya, And Swaziland, Godfrey Woelk, Aida Y. Berhan, Kwashie Kudiabor, Martha Mukaminega, John On'gech, Epiphanie Nyirabahizi, Caspian Chouraya, David Kimosop, Dieudonne Ndatimana, Mafayo Phiri, Heather Hoffman
HIV and AIDS
There is global consensus that transmission of HIV from mother to child can be eliminated. The Global Task Team, co-chaired by UNAIDS and the US Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator, has developed a global framework with the goal of eliminating new HIV infections among children (transmission rate of less than 5 percent) by 2015. Reaching the goal depends on optimal execution of each step in a complex cascade of activities, including testing and counseling for HIV, early attendance for antenatal care to optimize antiretroviral prophylaxis for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), adherence to the drugs, CD4 count testing, and, …
Addressing Mental Health Disorders And Hiv Vulnerability Of Marginalized Adolescents In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Nrupa Jani, Lung Vu, Sam Kalibala, Gebeyehu Mekonnen, Kay Lynn
Addressing Mental Health Disorders And Hiv Vulnerability Of Marginalized Adolescents In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Nrupa Jani, Lung Vu, Sam Kalibala, Gebeyehu Mekonnen, Kay Lynn
HIV and AIDS
Ethiopia is experiencing an increasingly urban, female-centered HIV epidemic alongside a rise in rural migration of adolescents to Addis Ababa. Often these migrants are confronted by social challenges such as lack of education, inadequate housing, unstable employment conditions, and physical and sexual abuse. These difficult living circumstances contribute to psychological and mental health problems among these adolescents, potentially putting them at greater risk of acquiring HIV. However, knowledge about how targeted mental health interventions can impact HIV-related outcomes worldwide, and in Ethiopia, remains limited. The goal of this study was to pilot test a strategy for addressing mental health problems, …
Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights Among Young People Living With Hiv In Uganda: Findings From The Link Up Baseline Survey, Population Council
Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights Among Young People Living With Hiv In Uganda: Findings From The Link Up Baseline Survey, Population Council
HIV and AIDS
An estimated 3.7 percent of young people aged 15–24 years are living with HIV in Uganda, and face unique challenges in navigating a wide array of social, health, and developmental challenges as they transition to adulthood. Like all young people, those who live with HIV are starting to learn about their sexuality, often beginning to have intimate relationships or marry. In addition, they confront a myriad of complex issues associated with HIV status disclosure, initiation of and adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and deeply entrenched HIV-related stigma and discrimination. Young women bear a disproportionate share of this burden. Compared with men …
Sexual Health And Hiv Risk Behaviors Of Men Who Have Sex With Men In Myanmar—Baseline Findings From Link Up, Population Council, Burnet Institute
Sexual Health And Hiv Risk Behaviors Of Men Who Have Sex With Men In Myanmar—Baseline Findings From Link Up, Population Council, Burnet Institute
HIV and AIDS
In 2013, an estimated 189,000 people were living with HIV in Myanmar. The overall adult HIV prevalence is estimated to be around 0.5 percent, but key populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM) bear a disproportionate disease burden. According to national estimates, HIV prevalence among MSM is 20 times higher than in the general population, at 10 percent. Effective, targeted, innovative, and culturally appropriate interventions that have been shown to significantly reduce high-risk sexual behaviors among MSM are needed to reduce the HIV burden among this population. In Myanmar, as part of the Link Up project, Alliance …
Annotated Bibliography Of Nigerian Youth-Focused Hiv And Sexual And Reproductive Health Project Publications (Grey Literature), Population Council
Annotated Bibliography Of Nigerian Youth-Focused Hiv And Sexual And Reproductive Health Project Publications (Grey Literature), Population Council
HIV and AIDS
Adolescents and young adults (15–24 years) constitute about one-third of the total population of Nigeria, and their well-being is intricately tied to the country’s prospects for sustainable development. The HIV prevalence among 15–24-year-old men and women is 2.5 percent and 3.1 percent, respectively. In 2013, it was estimated that 160,000 adolescents (aged 10–19) in Nigeria were living with HIV. Rightfully, an increasing focus is being paid to the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of young Nigerians, however it is essential that the dialogue and interventions around young people’s SRH be informed and take into account the body of evidence available …
Arv-Based Hiv Prevention For Women: State Of The Science And Considerations For Implementation In Zimbabwe. Report From A Provider Workshop, Population Council
Arv-Based Hiv Prevention For Women: State Of The Science And Considerations For Implementation In Zimbabwe. Report From A Provider Workshop, Population Council
HIV and AIDS
This report provides an overview of the presentations and discussions emerging from a Provider Workshop on ARV-Based HIV Prevention for Women: State of the Science and Considerations for Implementation in Zimbabwe convened by the Ministry of Health and Child Care and the Population Council in Harare in May 2014. The workshop in Zimbabwe is part of a broader global process to begin paving the path for microbicides introduction while awaiting the results of the ongoing confirmatory trial (FACTS 001) of tenofovir gel in South Africa. USAID is spearheading a global effort toward a “Shared Vision and Strategic Plan for Microbicide …
Introducing Antiretroviral (Arv)-Based Prevention Products For Women: A Guide To Strategic Decisionmaking And Planning, Population Council
Introducing Antiretroviral (Arv)-Based Prevention Products For Women: A Guide To Strategic Decisionmaking And Planning, Population Council
HIV and AIDS
As evidence mounts that antiretrovirals (ARVs) are effective for HIV prevention, policymakers and program managers will need to determine whether and how best to introduce specific products into health care systems. Determining the most appropriate users within a particular country will depend on the overall context, the nature of the HIV epidemic within the country, and the opportunities available to reach and serve HIV-negative women with ARV-based prevention products and services. This toolkit was developed by the Population Council for use by governments, organizations, and donors who are in a position to support or add new HIV-prevention products into programs. …
Reach: Randomized Evaluation Of Hiv/Fp Service Models, Paul C. Hewett, Mutinta Nalubamba, Fiammetta Bozzani, Mardieh Dennis, Jean Digitale, Lung Vu, Eileen Yam, Mary Nambao
Reach: Randomized Evaluation Of Hiv/Fp Service Models, Paul C. Hewett, Mutinta Nalubamba, Fiammetta Bozzani, Mardieh Dennis, Jean Digitale, Lung Vu, Eileen Yam, Mary Nambao
HIV and AIDS
The REacH (Randomized Evaluation of HIV/FP Service Models) project compares health service uptake of two models for HIV prevention and family planning service linkage and integration. This report details results which indicate that the enhanced client add-on service referral and follow-up arm with and without the escort increased the uptake of HIV testing and counseling services among women who had entered at family planning care entry points. The effect of the intervention was greater in the shorter term, improving uptake within six weeks, but nonetheless remained important through six months. The results indicate that the intervention can increase the numbers …
Burundi Program Implementation Workshop, 3–5 June 2014: Link Up Meeting Report, Population Council, Alliance Burundaise Contre Le Sida
Burundi Program Implementation Workshop, 3–5 June 2014: Link Up Meeting Report, Population Council, Alliance Burundaise Contre Le Sida
HIV and AIDS
Link Up is a global consortium of international and local nongovernmental organizations led by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance. Link Up aimed to improve the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young people in Bangladesh, Burundi, Ethiopia, Myanmar, and Uganda who are living with HIV or are affected by the HIV pandemic. At a workshop held in Burundi, 3–5 June 2014, the Population Council, Alliance Burundaise contre le SIDA, and local partners in Burundi identified successful activities, highlighted important challenges and best practices, and found innovative ways to improve Link Up programming. This document contains a selection of the most …
Sexual And Reproductive Health Among Young Female Sex Workers In Bangladesh Brothels—Baseline Findings From Link Up, Population Council
Sexual And Reproductive Health Among Young Female Sex Workers In Bangladesh Brothels—Baseline Findings From Link Up, Population Council
HIV and AIDS
Link Up is a global consortium of international and local nongovernmental organizations led by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance. Link Up aimed to improve the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young people in Bangladesh, Burundi, Ethiopia, Myanmar, and Uganda who are living with HIV or are affected by the HIV pandemic. Consortium members PIACT Bangladesh and Marie Stopes Bangladesh implemented a brothel-based program for female sex workers to address sexual and reproductive health and rights. Working in eight brothels in seven districts, trained female sex worker peer educators provided face-to-face education, including referrals to on-site and off-site health care …
The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Belize 2011, Population Council, Unicef Belize
The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Belize 2011, Population Council, Unicef Belize
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Belize 2011” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …
Annotated Bibliography Of Peer-Reviewed Literature Related To The Sexual And Reproductive Health Of Young People In Nigeria (2000-2014), Population Council
Annotated Bibliography Of Peer-Reviewed Literature Related To The Sexual And Reproductive Health Of Young People In Nigeria (2000-2014), Population Council
HIV and AIDS
The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development’s Programme of Action identified eight components (safe motherhood, gender equity, family planning information and services, prevention and treatment of infertility and sexual dysfunction in both men and women, prevention and management of the complications of abortion, prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted infections including HIV, elimination of harmful customary practices, and screening for reproductive tract cancers—prostate, breast, and cervix) of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) for all persons including young people aged 10–24. This annotated bibliography is organized with the eight components as its guiding framework with several …
Girls' Education, Population Council
Girls' Education, Population Council
Momentum
IN THIS ISSUE: Improving girls’ education; Transforming girls’ lives | Shifting the paradigm: An empowerment approach to sexuality and HIV education | Malawi Schooling and Adolescent Study (MSAS) | Girls, pregnancy, and educational attainment | Violence and educational attainment: Exploring the links to improve outcomes | Building girls’ assets in Zambia: The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP)
Experiences With Pregnancy Among Female Sex Workers In Ethiopia: A Link Up Exploratory Study, Population Council, Miz-Hasab Research Center, Organization For Social Services For Aids
Experiences With Pregnancy Among Female Sex Workers In Ethiopia: A Link Up Exploratory Study, Population Council, Miz-Hasab Research Center, Organization For Social Services For Aids
HIV and AIDS
In Ethiopia, it is illegal to operate a brothel or procure sex workers as a commercial activity, but the sale of sex by women is not prohibited by law. Research suggests that the number of Ethiopian female sex workers is growing, with younger women and girls increasingly entering the sex trade. Public health programs and policies typically have emphasized HIV prevention in this vulnerable population. A 2014 study of 3,882 Ethiopian female sex workers found that HIV prevalence in the 10 study sites ranged from 15–33 percent, compared to national prevalence of 1.9 percent among women. Furthermore, since most female …
The Impact Of Population, Health, And Environment Projects: A Synthesis Of Evidence, Rachel Winnik Yavinsky, Carolyn Lamere, Kristen P. Patterson, Jason Bremner
The Impact Of Population, Health, And Environment Projects: A Synthesis Of Evidence, Rachel Winnik Yavinsky, Carolyn Lamere, Kristen P. Patterson, Jason Bremner
Reproductive Health
This working paper synthesizes the existing research and results from projects that integrate family planning with environment, livelihoods, natural-resource management, and other non-health development sectors. The report synthesizes the published and gray literature on current and past integrated projects and the experiences of implementers to generate a summary of the state of knowledge on integrated family planning and environment projects. Specifically, this synthesis documents what is being measured by integrated projects, the proven benefits of integration, and gaps in the evidence base. Based on this analysis, the synthesis highlights and discusses successes and challenges for documenting the impact of integrating …
Low Use And High Discontinuation Of Modern Contraceptives In Pakistan: Reasons And Policy Recommendations, Population Council
Low Use And High Discontinuation Of Modern Contraceptives In Pakistan: Reasons And Policy Recommendations, Population Council
Reproductive Health
According to the latest Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, 20 percent of married women of reproductive age have unmet need for contraception. Moreover, the country’s contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR), for modern and traditional methods combined, is only 35 percent—one of the lowest CPRs in the region. In addition to the problem of nonuse, the country is finding it difficult to keep current contraceptive users onboard: compared to other developing countries, Pakistan has the highest rate of discontinuation of contraceptive use. Thus, while there has been an overall increase in the use of contraceptives—modern and traditional—there is a large difference between …
The Effect Of Integrating Hiv Services On Quality Of Postnatal Care, Integra Initiative
The Effect Of Integrating Hiv Services On Quality Of Postnatal Care, Integra Initiative
Reproductive Health
Addressing the postnatal needs of new mothers is a neglected area of care throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Unintended pregnancies during the first 12 months following delivery, and vertical transmission of HIV during labor and delivery, are some of the challenges faced by women during the extended postpartum period. Many women want to delay or avoid another pregnancy, but are not using a modern contraceptive method. Few developing countries ensure that mothers and newborns are assessed early and monitored during the initial six-week period as recommended by WHO, which contributes to discontinuity of services received during pregnancy and delivery and limits linkages …
Expanding Young People's Access To Integrated Services In Malawi, Integra Initiative
Expanding Young People's Access To Integrated Services In Malawi, Integra Initiative
Reproductive Health
In sub-Saharan Africa, uptake of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services among young people remains low, placing millions of young people at risk of poor reproductive health outcomes and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. The “Steps to Integration” series provides a guide on how to integrate HIV and SRH services based on findings from the Integra Initiative, managed by the International Planned Parenthood Federation in partnership with the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and the Population Council. Issue 7 of the series focuses on expanding young people’s access to integrated services in Malawi. Conclusions include: improving the quality …