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Family Planning And Population: A Compendium Of International Statistics, John A. Ross, W. Parker Mauldin, Vincent C. Miller Jan 1993

Family Planning And Population: A Compendium Of International Statistics, John A. Ross, W. Parker Mauldin, Vincent C. Miller

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This volume provides statistics on all large-scale family planning (FP) programs in the developing world, together with selected demographic and socioeconomic statistics. Time trends are given for some indicators, and data are arranged for comparative analysis across countries. Where available, time trends go back to the mid-1980s. This volume’s predecessor, published in 1992, should be consulted for earlier demographic and socioeconomic data, and for tables on maternal and child health indicators that are not repeated here. The data on FP programs come from a series of three questionnaires sent since 1987 to 100 developing countries, which have generally been kept …

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Fertility, Family Size, And Structure: Consequences For Families And Children, Cynthia B. Lloyd Jan 1993

Fertility, Family Size, And Structure: Consequences For Families And Children, Cynthia B. Lloyd

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

In 1989 the Population Council began a research project on the consequences of high fertility at the family level and its implications for the next generation. Since its inception, the project has been supported by Swedish SIDA and has involved the collaboration of researchers from selected developing countries. In countries where there has been limited research on this topic, such as India, Mali, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Senegal, the Population Council provided funding for new studies or for analysis of existing data with the potential for producing insights on this topic. In instances where relevant research was already underway, the Council …

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Wasteland Development And The Empowerment Of Women: The Sarthi Experience, Madhu Sarin Jan 1993

Wasteland Development And The Empowerment Of Women: The Sarthi Experience, Madhu Sarin

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of SEEDS describes an innovative approach to rehabilitation of wastelands developed by Social Action for Rural and Tribal Inhabitants of India (SARTHI), a nongovernmental organization based in the Panchmahals District of Gujarat State in Western India. By assisting rural women to organize themselves around the rehabilitation of patches of degraded common land, SARTHI has been able to help them not only meet their needs for biomass in a more efficient and ecologically sound manner, but also to empower them to start asserting themselves in dealing with a broader range of problems. As primary gatherers and users of biomass, …

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Rethinking Postpartum Health Care, Martha Brady, Beverly Winikoff Jan 1993

Rethinking Postpartum Health Care, Martha Brady, Beverly Winikoff

Reproductive Health

These proceedings come from papers and discussions as part of the Population Council invitational seminar entited "Rethinking Postpartum Health Care," in 1992. The seminar on postpartum reproductive health was the fifth in a series of seminars convened by the Population Council as part of its Robert H. Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health and Population. The program focuses on four topics: 1) improving and devising new approaches to postpartum care; 2) improving the quality of care in family planning and reproductive health services; 3) managing unwanted pregnancy and preventing the consequences of unsafe abortion; and 4) bringing attention …

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The 1992 Indonesia Norplant® Use-Dynamics Diagnostic Study, Dinan S. Bratakoesoema, Abdul Rodjak, Sulaiman Sastrawinata, Faisal R. Djamal, Hafni Bachtiar, Dr. Masrul, Nadra B. Azwar Jan 1993

The 1992 Indonesia Norplant® Use-Dynamics Diagnostic Study, Dinan S. Bratakoesoema, Abdul Rodjak, Sulaiman Sastrawinata, Faisal R. Djamal, Hafni Bachtiar, Dr. Masrul, Nadra B. Azwar

Reproductive Health

Although the Indonesian Norplant® program is unique in terms of scale and pace of expansion, it also characterizes many of the operational problems that other developing countries are likely to confront as they expand their Norplant programs. Many of the concerns—such as screening and counseling, use-effectiveness, removal on demand, and tracking and notification systems for five-year removal—can only be answered through research on the Indonesian program. As this report states, operations research on issues related to Norplant within the Indonesian program will be of direct relevance to the growing number of Norplant programs in other developing countries. While the Indonesian …

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Directory Of Surveys In Developing Countries: Data On Families And Households, 1975–92, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Catherine M. Marquette Jan 1992

Directory Of Surveys In Developing Countries: Data On Families And Households, 1975–92, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Catherine M. Marquette

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This directory of surveys contains data on families and households in developing countries. The emphasis is on intergenerational linkages as well as conjugal ties and co-residential arrangements. Surveys that do not situate individuals within a family or household context are excluded. Thus, many labor force surveys with data on the employment status and earnings of men and women are not included unless they also collected data on respondents’ children and/or households. The same is true of contraceptive prevalence surveys that limit their attention to women’s reproductive behavior. The majority of surveys included in the directory are either household-based or woman-based. …

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Family Planning And Child Survival Programs As Assessed In 1991, John A. Ross, W. Parker Mauldin, Steven R. Green, E. Romana Cooke Jan 1992

Family Planning And Child Survival Programs As Assessed In 1991, John A. Ross, W. Parker Mauldin, Steven R. Green, E. Romana Cooke

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This volume continues a tradition initiated at the Population Council nearly 25 years ago when the first edition of “Population and Family Planning Programs” was issued. That factbook began a series of 12 editions produced through 1993. The data in that series were consolidated and updated in another publication, and the present volume is now issued, based partly upon a 1989 questionnaire inquiry to over 100 developing countries. A range of maternal and child survival data were added to the family planning information. The relationships among fertility behavior, infant and child mortality, and maternal health are closely interwoven; moreover, many …

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By And For Women: Involving Women In The Development Of Reproductive Health Care Materials, Valerie J. Hull, Barbara L. Ibrahim, Nadia Farah, Blanca Figueroa, Margaret Winn Jan 1992

By And For Women: Involving Women In The Development Of Reproductive Health Care Materials, Valerie J. Hull, Barbara L. Ibrahim, Nadia Farah, Blanca Figueroa, Margaret Winn

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The studies in this issue of Quality/Calidad/Qualité describe three efforts to involve women in the development of reproductive health care materials in different settings in the developing world. In Cairo, a women's health collective produced a comprehensive reference book for women; in Peru, a woman's group, with the extensive involvement of their nonliterate audience, developed a series of illustrated teaching materials; and in the South Pacific, an all-woman production crew produced three motivation and teaching videos developed in response to the expressed needs of Pacific Island women. Despite contrasts in the characteristics of the intended audiences, the development process, and …

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Breaking New Ground: Reaching Out To Women Farmers In Western Zambia, Janice Jiggins, Paul Maimbo, Mary Masona Jan 1992

Breaking New Ground: Reaching Out To Women Farmers In Western Zambia, Janice Jiggins, Paul Maimbo, Mary Masona

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Over the last few decades, small-scale projects have been developed throughout Africa to help incorporate women farmers into the mainstream of agricultural extension services. This edition of SEEDS presents an interesting example from Zambia's Western Province—the Women's Extension Program, located within the Home Economics Section of the Department of Agriculture. This program is working to change a government agricultural bureaucracy from within by redefining mandates, encouraging attitude change through staff training, broadening village-level opportunities and perceptions, and widening technical and economic research agendas. The program’s experience emphasizes the importance of using a variety of approaches in order to effectively reach …

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Prevention Of Morbidity And Mortality From Induced And Unsafe Abortion In Nigeria, Friday E. Okonofua, Toun Ilumoka Jan 1991

Prevention Of Morbidity And Mortality From Induced And Unsafe Abortion In Nigeria, Friday E. Okonofua, Toun Ilumoka

Reproductive Health

These proceedings are from a seminar organized by the Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Perinatology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (Nigeria) in collaboration with the Population Council. The primary purpose of the multidisciplinary seminar was to identify the determinants of the high rate of mortality and morbidity from unsafe abortion in Nigeria. The specific objectives were: 1) to identify measures that could be undertaken on a short- and long-term basis to reduce the rate of abortion-related mortality, and 2) to set an agenda for research into abortion in Nigeria. The seminar consisted of oral presentations on related topics by researchers and …

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Forged Ties: The 'Comitatus' And Anglo -Saxon Poetry., Leslie Ann Stratyner Jan 1991

Forged Ties: The 'Comitatus' And Anglo -Saxon Poetry., Leslie Ann Stratyner

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The focus of this study is the illumination of the most unchanging and consistent aspect of Anglo-Saxon poetry: the poetic representation of the ethos of the warrior band. The ideals of the comitatus offer a contributing, if not controlling, structure to nearly the entire corpus of Anglo-Saxon poetry. That warband could attain no finer poetic representation than Beowulf and "The Battle of Maldon," which, in presenting not only positive but negative models of behavior, best exemplify the ideals of the comitatus as embodied in Anglo-Saxon verse. Chapter 1 examines the institutions and practices of that masculine circle as illustrated in …

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Virginia Woolf's Keen Sensitivity To War: It's Roots And It's Impact On Her Novels, Nancy Topping Bazin, Jane Hamovit Lauter Jan 1991

Virginia Woolf's Keen Sensitivity To War: It's Roots And It's Impact On Her Novels, Nancy Topping Bazin, Jane Hamovit Lauter

English Faculty Publications

(First paragraph) War InspIred Horror In Virginia Woolf. Her antipathy toward those who cause wars is evident in her two essays, A Room of One's Own and Three Guineas. The impact of war on her fiction expands from a portrayal of individuals as victims of war to a vision of war that encompasses the possible annihilation of civilization. Between the Acts, Woolf's final novel, is obviously an artistic response to the threat posed by World War II. However, a close examination of her works reveals, to a surprising degree, her early and persistent preoccupation with the consequences of war, …

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The Bangladesh Women's Health Coalition, Bonnie J. Kay, Adrienne Germain, Maggie Bangser Jan 1991

The Bangladesh Women's Health Coalition, Bonnie J. Kay, Adrienne Germain, Maggie Bangser

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Bangladesh Women's Health Coalition (BWHC) represents an important initiative in the movement toward more responsive modes of family planning delivery. In the context of a society where there are strict limits on the social role and physical mobility of most girls and women, BWHC has set itself the ambitious goal of enabling women—no matter what their income or education—to learn how to manage their own reproductive health and the health of their children in a way that enhances their sense of strength and competence. One of the real strengths of BWHC has been its willingness to learn from experience …

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Child Care: Meeting The Needs Of Working Mothers And Their Children, Caroline Arnold, Jorge Mejia, Aster Haregot, Ann Leonard, Cassie Landers Jan 1991

Child Care: Meeting The Needs Of Working Mothers And Their Children, Caroline Arnold, Jorge Mejia, Aster Haregot, Ann Leonard, Cassie Landers

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of SEEDS, developed in cooperation with the Consultative Group on Early Childhood Care and Development, with support from UNICEF, seeks to bring together the critical elements of women's work and child care, reviewing the issues from three different perspectives: child care as a means of enabling women to work, as a source of employment for women, and as a way of meeting the developmental needs of young children. The report examines three different UNICEF-supported approaches to child care on three different continents—Asia (Nepal), Africa (Ethiopia), and South America (Ecuador)—that have been developed with the needs of working women …

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Handbook For Family Planning Operations Research Design, Andrew A. Fisher, John E. Laing, John E. Stoeckel, John Townsend Jan 1991

Handbook For Family Planning Operations Research Design, Andrew A. Fisher, John E. Laing, John E. Stoeckel, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Handbook for Family Planning Operations Research Design, first published in English by the Population Council in 1983, was based on field research studies in Asia. This second edition contains revised and expanded sections. Where appropriate, examples from Latin America and Africa have been added. The introductory section contains a current statement on the process of health and family planning operations research (OR). New chapters have been included on selecting an appropriate intervention to test in an OR study, and on describing the main elements of the study intervention. The chapter on information dissemination has been expanded and a new …

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Maternal Risk, Beverly Winikoff Jan 1991

Maternal Risk, Beverly Winikoff

Reproductive Health

This presentation to the 1991 Berzelius Symposium, Stockholm, Sweden, explores the issue of maternal risk—the probability or chance of dying or being seriously injured in pregnancy—as it is used in maternal health care. This concept of risk has been a useful tool for research and medical and epidemiological education, but its use as a tool for service delivery design has been more problematic. In order to construct a risk system, one has to have reliable data on the relationships between individual characteristics and the outcome being studied—something that is difficult to develop with regard to maternal health. Furthermore the system …

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Limitations Of Maternal Care To Improve Maternal Health, Beverly Winikoff Jan 1991

Limitations Of Maternal Care To Improve Maternal Health, Beverly Winikoff

Reproductive Health

In a presentation at the 1991 Berzelius Symposium in Sweden, a Population Council researcher described the limitations of healthcare systems, specifically during pregnancy, in terms of their effect on maternal health status. These limitations stem from an inability to improve health because of social conditions—poverty and illiteracy, overwork, inequality in sexual relationships—that cannot be solved by medical interventions. Maternal ill health originates before pregnancy and endures beyond it, whereas the window of contact with women during pregnancy is small. Nevertheless, recent evaluations suggest that the impact of prenatal care is in the caring process more than any specific aspect of …

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Code Switching And Conflict Management In Samoan Multiparty Interaction, Alessandro Duranti Nov 1990

Code Switching And Conflict Management In Samoan Multiparty Interaction, Alessandro Duranti

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

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The Muek-Lek Women's Dairy Project In Thailand, Aruna Rao Jan 1990

The Muek-Lek Women's Dairy Project In Thailand, Aruna Rao

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of SEEDS describes a project that was started in 1985 to encourage the growth of a new agricultural sector, dairy farming, in Thailand. While the major aim of the project was to increase incomes of rural families in the Muek-Lek Land Reform Area in Saraburi Province, Central Thailand, it also sought to integrate women into dairying activities, and offer these women, whether married or single, access to credit. The Muek-Lek Dairy Project is unique in that it channeled government resources and secured commercial bank financing to make women the key participants in a relatively new and growing agricultural …

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Man/Hombre/Homme: Meeting Male Reproductive Health Care Needs In Latin America, Debbie Rogow, Judith Bruce, Ann Leonard Jan 1990

Man/Hombre/Homme: Meeting Male Reproductive Health Care Needs In Latin America, Debbie Rogow, Judith Bruce, Ann Leonard

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This edition of Quality/Calidad/Qualité answers the following question: how can family planning programs understand and better serve the interests of men? The proposals in the article are derived from the experience of PRO-PATER, in São Paulo, Brazil, and briefly, from the activities of the Profamilia Men’s Clinic in Colombia. The experiences of both PRO-PATER and Profamilia suggest that, although the reproductive health needs of men may be different from those of women, they are still very interested. It is clear that there is abundant demand for high-quality services that offer convenience, confidentiality, information, attentive providers, and attention to reproductive health …

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English-Only Rules And The Right To Speak One's Primary Language In The Workplace, Juan F. Perea Jan 1990

English-Only Rules And The Right To Speak One's Primary Language In The Workplace, Juan F. Perea

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Article analyzes the issues raised by English-only rules and the decisions discussing these rules. Part I reviews the leading cases on English-only rules. The Article then explores several issues that must be considered in deciding any English-only rule case under Title VII. Part II addresses whether speaking one's primary language should constitute a protected right as an aspect of national origin under Title VII. This Article argues that primary language should be protected under Title VII for several reasons: the courts and the EEOC construe the term "national origin" broadly; primary language constitutes a fundamental aspect of ethnicity and …

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Celebrating Mother And Child On The Fortieth Day: The Sfax Tunisia Postpartum Program, Francine Coeytaux, Beverly Winikoff Jan 1989

Celebrating Mother And Child On The Fortieth Day: The Sfax Tunisia Postpartum Program, Francine Coeytaux, Beverly Winikoff

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This edition of Quality/Calidad/Qualité gives information about a postnatal family planning program in the Sfax Center of the Tunisia Maternity and Newborns Hospital. This program, developed jointly by the national family planning program and the Maternity staff, has had extraordinary success in getting more mothers to return after six weeks for their postnatal visit. During the visit, the period between births is discussed; and family planning services are offered as an important means for achieving both the recovery and good health of the mother, as well as the physical and mental development of the infant. The report describes a few …

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The Practical Experience Of Technical Writing, Or, Everything You Wanted To Know About A Technical Writing Internship But Were Afraid To Ask, Lynn M. Brooks Jan 1988

The Practical Experience Of Technical Writing, Or, Everything You Wanted To Know About A Technical Writing Internship But Were Afraid To Ask, Lynn M. Brooks

Honors Capstones

This paper is a report on a technical writing internship during the summer of 1988 in the Computing and Telecommunications Division at Argonne National Laboratory. It consists of five parts: introduction, narrative, analysis and evaluation, comments, and appendix. The introduction describes the setting for the internship and how it related to the laboratory as a whole. The narrative section consists of a daily journal the author kept from May 31 to August 1. The analysis and evaluation section discusses and criticizes the documents produced on the job. The report concludes with a comment on the value of internships for liberal …

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The Port Sudan Small Scale Enterprise Program, Eve Hall Jan 1988

The Port Sudan Small Scale Enterprise Program, Eve Hall

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Euro-Action ACORD (EAA) is a consortium of 20 European and Canadian aid agencies working in refugee farming settlements in Central and Southern Sudan, and with various rural development projects in other parts of Africa, which responded to a request from the Sudanese Commissioner of Refugees to work in Port Sudan. This was the first time the agency considered working with poor urban people, and staff were determined to understand the economic and social forces which governed life in the slums. The program noted a number of findings that will help determine its future: reaching out to women where they live …

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A Whole-Language Approach To Bilingual Language Arts Curriculum, Grades K-4, Martha M. Floyd Jan 1987

A Whole-Language Approach To Bilingual Language Arts Curriculum, Grades K-4, Martha M. Floyd

All Graduate Projects

Bilingual Language Arts objectives were established by grade level, K-4, in both Spanish and English. One hundred six limited English proficient students are participants in the bilingual program for which this curriculum was designed. This study suggests how selected objectives can be implemented using a whole language approach during a 1-week cultural unit. The intent of the curriculum design was that children learn language naturally when it is in a meaningful context. Implications for success in using a whole-language approach are discussed.

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Forest Conservation In Nepal: Encouraging Women's Participation, Augusta Molnar Jan 1987

Forest Conservation In Nepal: Encouraging Women's Participation, Augusta Molnar

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of SEEDS focuses on ways in which women have been involved in a government forest conservation and restoration program in Nepal. As is common with many large-scale projects with a general impact, women were not a direct focus of the project's original design. As activities got underway, however, both the Nepali staff and their expatriate colleagues quickly realized that the direct involvement of women was crucial to the success of the project's participatory strategy. Over the initial five years, 1980 to 1985, a number of approaches to addressing women's needs and generating their active participation were tried. The …

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Socioeconomic Indicators Of Women's Status In Developing Countries, 1970–1980, Constantina Safilios-Rothschild Jan 1986

Socioeconomic Indicators Of Women's Status In Developing Countries, 1970–1980, Constantina Safilios-Rothschild

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

From 1970–1980, several conferences were held and publications produced regarding the need to improve data collection on indicators of women’s status, as well as a number of publications offering concrete proposals for such improvements. During this period, the disaggregation of statistics by sex has expanded in many countries and indicators, and such disaggregated statistics are presented with increased frequency in international data compiled by United Nations specialized organizations. In addition, two major sets of statistics on the status of women have appeared. These statistics on socioeconomic indicators of the status of women in developing countries include statistics on men as …

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Suicide In Henry James's Fiction., Mary John Joseph Jan 1986

Suicide In Henry James's Fiction., Mary John Joseph

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A writer who emphasizes the workings of the minds of his characters by working "an acre of embroidery on an inch of canvas," James calls attention to the portrayal of self-willed deaths in his fiction. Writing in the period following the glorification of the suicidal deaths of Werther and Chatterton, James creates several suicidal characters. Having grown up in a highly individualistic family that emphasized the exercise of free will, and being one who revels in the probing of his characters' consciousnesses, James considered important the role of will in matters of life and death. The ruinous effects of displacement …

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The Women's Construction Collective: Building For The Future, Ruth Mcleod Jan 1986

The Women's Construction Collective: Building For The Future, Ruth Mcleod

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This edition of SEEDS focuses on a project developed to integrate low-income women into Jamaica's construction industry. In two years, 34 women passed through the project's basic training and skills upgrading courses. More than 90 percent of these women became employed, the majority as masons and carpenters. The story of how this field was identified as a potential source of income for women, and how the project developed and evolved in response to changing circumstances, presents many useful lessons. These should be of particular interest to those seeking to identify employment areas where women's participation is feasible and in helping …

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Learning About Women And Urban Services In Latin America And The Caribbean, Marianne Schmink, Judith Bruce, Marilyn Kohn Jan 1986

Learning About Women And Urban Services In Latin America And The Caribbean, Marianne Schmink, Judith Bruce, Marilyn Kohn

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

In 1978 when the Population Council formulated a program to learn more about low-income urban women’s access to services, the dearth of information was striking, particularly in contrast to the emerging body of information delineating access to credit, extension, membership in rural institutions, and representation in local governments. Access to services was much less well-defined owing to the diverse cultures that meet in the urban environment, the mobility of city life, and the fluidity of households. Urban development planners, researchers, and those involved in community action projects in a number of South American cities were approached to find out what …

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