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Shakespeare's Concepts Of The Future In The Tetralogies, John David Hartley

Digitized Theses

This thesis attempts to demonstrate that Shakespeare's conceptions of the future develop in complexity and coherence in the tetralogies and are important to readings of the plays as an indication of his developing sense of historical change. I approach the plays from a modified cultural materialist viewpoint. This critical approach offers useful presuppositions and a strategy for analysis of characterization and ideological issues that assist in understanding how the future takes shape in the plays.;Shakespeare includes a number of factors other than characterization and ideological issues that help to shape the future--fate, Providence, prophecies, dreams, and images. His concepts of …

"Sodomitical Practices": Representing Transgressive Masculinity In Fiction And Satire, 1660-1750, Cameron Mcfarlane

Digitized Theses

This study examines the representation of the sodomite in a variety of texts from 1660 to 1750. Unlike most gay historiography of the Restoration and eighteenth century, the study does not begin with the assumption that the increased discursive presence of the sodomite during this period necessarily indicates the emergence of a proto-modern "homosexual" identity; rather, it seeks to uncover the range of meanings set in motion by the figure of the sodomite and to examine the way that the representation of this figure is implicated in the larger configurations of social ordering and control. At the same time, however, …

The Victorian Prima Donna In Literature And The Ghosts Of Opera Past, Grace Lynn Kehler

Digitized Theses

This dissertation explores the non-disjunction between eighteenth-century discourses on the early opera and the castrato and nineteenth-century discourses on the prima donna. Early opera was predicated on a series of fissures, particularly those between ideal and popular art, between a transcendent voice and a mutilated body, and between the supernatural and the unnatural. Officially, these fissures served to demarcate oppositions, but opera, from its inception, was drawn to transgression, and the fissures were crossed and recrossed, alternately endowing the castrato with transcendence and abjection. Paradoxically, then, one of the pivotal concepts in the construction of the castrato is the immanence …

Heterological Rhetoric: Textual Waste In "The Anatomy Of Melancholy", Robert Grant Williams

Digitized Theses

This dissertation argues that Robert Burton's The Anatomy of Melancholy generates unmanageable rhetoric or what I call textual waste. Whereas many premodern systems take as their fundamental template the classical body and, therefore, methodically exclude from their homogeneous, functional field the heterogeneous, The Anatomy challenges the integrity of Renaissance systematicity by disfiguring and abjecting the classical body. Examining the complex correlations between medical and rhetorical discourses, economies concerned with regulating a system, this study demonstrates how Burton deviates from a rhetorical economy that handles the text as if each part efficiently functioned in an overall corporeal order. The Anatomy is …

Community-Based Aids Prevention And Care In Africa—Dissemination Of Phase I Findings: Report Of Five National Workshops, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Given the constraints faced by the health care infrastructure in responding to the AIDS crisis in sub-Saharan Africa, and the limitations of traditional educational approaches in motivating people to modify their sexual behavior within the African context, community-based efforts at AIDS prevention, and care of those affected, are the first lines of defense against the disease. Thus, they deserve greater scrutiny, to learn from the experiences and to continue and expand their efforts. The “Community-Based AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa: Building on Local Initiatives” project is being carried out by the Population Council with support from Glaxo Wellcome. The …

"Wherein Lies Personal Identity": The Reception Of Locke And Richardson And The Language Of Self In The Letters And Journals Of Exceptional Eighteenth Century American Women, Carolann O'Malley Davis

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation adds a new chapter to the history of the social revolution that accompanied the American Revolution, specifically the revolt against patriarchalism. It is my contention that exceptional women initiated a private revolution to gain recognition of a new personal identity. This private revolution led to the rejection of the system of private government of man over woman, patriarchalism.

I identified seven women, Eliza Lucas Pinckney, Abigail Adams, Esther Edwards Burr, Mercy Otis Warren, Eliza Southgate Bowne, Anne Willing Bingham and Anne Home Shippen, who were especially representative of a network of women who developed a self-consciousness. For these …

The Discourse Of Gratitude In The Novels Of Jane Austen, William Gosnell Sayres

Doctoral Dissertations

Jane Austen is preeminently the novelist of gratitude, and no substantive noun of similar moral content recurs in these texts with the frequency of "gratitude." Gratitude has enormous power in her novels. It is a necessary precursor of love in the formation of bonds between men and women, and no "good" mutual love is possible unless it evolves through the process of gratitude. For successful marriages, gratitude is even more necessary than love. Among the scholars who focus on significant terms in Austen novels, few give more than passing attention to gratitude or to the massive volume of eighteenth-century moralist …

Education, Class And Gender In George Eliot And Thomas Hardy, Keith Ronald Jones

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation examines the relationship between education, class and gender in The Mill on the Floss (1860) and Daniel Deronda (1876) by George Eliot; and in The Woodlanders (1887) and Jude the Obscure (1896) by Thomas Hardy. The Introduction discusses how, in nineteenth-century Britain, education was intended to "improve" individuals and society. The Introduction establishes the Marxist and feminist critical background of the study, and briefly surveys the nineteenth-century debates on "The Education Question," and on education for women.

The novels examined show education failing to 'improve.' Maggie Tulliver, in The Mill on the Floss, and Jude Fawley in Jude …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Jalaun, B.D. Mishra, U. Dosajh, Prateep Roy, T.D. Jose, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), with support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), has sponsored the Innovations in Family Planning Services (IFPS) Project under the management of the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency, Lucknow. The project aims to reduce fertility by increasing accessibility, improving quality, and generating demand for family planning services. The project attempts to achieve its objectives by supporting service innovations in the public and nongovernmental sector, and through social marketing of contraceptives. These intervention strategies are expected to increase the couple protection rate of the state in general and …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Agra, B.D. Mishra, U. Dosajh, Tilak Mukherjee, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (MOHFW), with assistance from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), launched a landmark project in India’s most populous state, Uttar Pradesh. The Innovations in Family Planning Services Project was implemented under the management of the State lnnovations in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA), Lucknow. Conducting baseline surveys in 15 selected districts of Uttar Pradesh was the first step in the project. The Uttar Pradesh baseline survey provided critical input by generating important demographic and family welfare program data at the district level. Over and above the 15 districts …

A Model Of Costs Of A Cbd Programme, Saumya Ramarao, John Townsend, M.E. Khan

Reproductive Health

This study is a collaborative effort of the Population Council, New Delhi, and the Centre for Development and Population Activities, New Delhi. Cost analysis is an analytical tool that provides program managers and planners with information about existing and potential programs. Existing programs can be evaluated for efficiency and effectiveness, while the resource requirements of future programs can be estimated. In the context of family planning (FP) programs, cost analysis provides policymakers and program managers with sufficient data on efficient ways to meet the demand for FP services with available resources. As FP programs mature and requirements for the resources …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Pithoragarh, K. Satyanarayan, G. Giridhar, K.K. Gaur, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

In 1992, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the United States Agency for International Development, New Delhi, began the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project (IFPS) under the management of the State Innovation in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA), Lucknow. The goal was to reduce the fertility rate in Uttar Pradesh by expanding and improving family planning (FP) services. To achieve this, the IFPS project will support service innovations in the public sector and nongovernmental sectors and through contraceptive social marketing mechanisms. The Baseline Survey in Uttar Pradesh (BSUP) is being undertaken as one important component of the …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Kanpur, B.D. Mishra, U. Dosajh, Prateep Roy, T.D. Jose, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) with financial support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has sponsored the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project (under the management of the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency, Lucknow). The project aims to reduce fertility through increasing accessibility, improving quality, and generating demand for family planning services. It attempts to achieve its objectives by supporting service innovations in the public and nongovernmental sector and through social marketing of contraceptives. These intervention strategies are expected to increase the couple protection rate of the state in general and of …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Jhansi, G. Narayana, N. Prem Kumar, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

Baseline surveys in 15 districts of Uttar Pradesh were conducted as part of the USAID-assisted State Innovations in Family Planning Services project. This effort helps create databases at the district level, an essential prerequisite for decentralized planning and strategy development. The Baseline Surveys in Uttar Pradesh (BSUP) were undertaken as part of the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project to reduce the fertility rate in Uttar Pradesh. The project’s objectives were to increase access to family planning (FP) services, improve quality of FP services, and promote contraceptive use. The Population Council was designated as the nodal organization to coordinate various …

Addressing Women's Reproductive Health Needs: Priorities For The Family Welfare Programme, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy

Reproductive Health

India's national family welfare program has two objectives—to address the needs of families, notably women and children, and to reduce population growth rates. In reality, the program has been disproportionately focused on achieving demographic targets by increasing contraceptive prevalence. In this process, women's needs have been overlooked, in terms of poor reproductive health (RH). There is a need to reorient program priorities to focus more holistically on RH needs and on woman-based services that respond to health needs in ways sensitive to the sociocultural constraints women and adolescent girls face in acquiring services and expressing health needs. This report presents …

Development Of Approaches To Community Based Family Planning Outreach In Egypt: Assessment Of Raidats Rifiats Program, Population Council

Reproductive Health

Egypt’s family planning program officially began in 1965. Impressive gains in contraceptive use have been made since 1980, and the contraceptive prevalence rate increased from 24 percent in 1980 to 47 percent in 1992. Egypt’s National Population Policy addresses the nation’s population growth through multiple interventions designed to reduce fertility, including family planning (FP) services. FP accessibility is promoted through a network of public and NG0 FP clinics. A number of years ago, the Egyptian Family Planning Program began using the Raidats Rifiats program to extend services into rural communities. There is concern regarding the program’s ability to recruit women …

Supporting Women Farmers In The Green Zones Of Mozambique, Ruth Ansah Ayisi

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Women throughout much of the developing world are farmers, not only producing the food crops needed to feed their families, but seeking to generate the cash income necessary to gain access to education, health care, and a better way of life. However, in many countries—particularly in sub-Saharan Africa—women farmers must deal not only with the inherent difficulties of gender inequities, poverty, and the vagaries of nature, but with the consequences of war and civil strife as well. This issue of SEEDS reports on a case study of the efforts underway to help women farmers survive and prosper in the Green …

Families In Focus: New Perspectives On Mothers, Fathers, And Children, Judith Bruce, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Ann Leonard, Patrice L. Engle, Niev Duffy

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Despite the rhetoric of recent years lamenting the loss of the "traditional family," families have never fit nicely into any single model. "Family" may refer to people linked by marriage or kinship or to people claiming descent from common ancestors. People may form and extend families by adopting or fostering children, defining nonrelatives as family, or establishing consensual partnerships. Families are as adaptable as they are diverse, reconfiguring themselves over their life cycles and evolving to accommodate the myriad pressures of the external world. This book focuses on families with dependent children specifically—on the roles of mothers, fathers, and children, …

Henry James And The Process Of Autobiography., Paul S. Nielsen

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

James's autobiographies differ from most by dramatizing so extensively the process of recovery and reanimation of memory, the act that signifies autobiographical activity. They therefore reveal a great deal about the generic nature of autobiographical recollection. James's Major Phase, from 1900 to his death in 1916, was chiefly and gloriously autobiographical in purpose and crowns his career with an autobiographical production of astonishing variety, extent, and creativity. The proto-autobiographical material includes biography of a culture (William Wetmore Story and His Friends), travel memoir and cultural analysis (The American Scene), and recapitulation and intimate disclosure of his creative life (the Prefaces …

Attraction Vs. Repulsion: The Narrative Ambivalence Of Gender In Byron's "Don Juan"., Melinda A. Piontek

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Previous studies of gender in Byron's Don Juan, such as those by Susan Wolfson and Louis Crompton, have concentrated primarily on identifying gender ambivalence and attributing that ambivalence to factors outside the text, such as Byron's ambivalence toward his personal homoeroticism as well as to the social attitudes of Regency England toward questions of gender ambiguity. In this dissertation, I propose to turn the critical gaze back to the text in order to go beyond identifying gender ambivalence to track how that ambivalence works within Don Juan. In order to bring into focus the serial and episodic nature of Byron's …

Doing More With Less: The Marie Stopes Clinics In Sierra Leone, Nahid Toubia, Grace Ebun Delano

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This edition of Quality/Calidad/Qualité reports on the Marie Stopes Sierra Leone (MSSL) organization which pursues its goals with compassion and ambition, despite seemingly insurmountable economic hardships. MSSL has established a service model that many programs in richer countries should try to imitate. Several particularly important lessons emerged, including: creative, skillful management, well-organized and flexible financial administration, and human motivation and perseverance can enable an organization to overcome financial difficulties; family planning is an integral part of people's reproductive and general health concerns and can dovetail with concern for development in useful and practical ways; men appreciate being involved in the …

The Coletivo: A Feminist Sexuality And Health Collective In Brazil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of Quality/Calidad/Qualité tells the story of a group of Brazilian women who came together in 1981 with the shared belief—not as widely understood then as it is now—that conventional approaches to women's health and family planning services were overly medicalized, incapable of dealing with the relationship between sexuality and contraception, and disempowering to clients. They started the Coletivo which runs a clinic, a training institute, and a public education program that has “given voice” to thousands of women, provided leadership to the Brazilian government and women’s health movement, and has been active in research and international policy affairs. …

What We Do And Do Not Know About The Menstrual Cycle Or, Questions Scientists Could Be Asking, Sioban D. Harlow, Sara A. Ephross

Reproductive Health

The objective of this paper is to consider from a public health perspective the types of questions researchers might be asking about the relationship between menstrual function and women’s health, and to evaluate to the extent to which these questions have or have not been addressed by the scientific community. Based on the findings in this report, it is obvious that a comprehensive program of research is needed in order to begin filling the myriad gaps in scientific knowledge about the menstrual cycle. Given the lack of knowledge about many fundamental aspects of menstrual function and about linkages between the …

Sexual Coercion And Reproductive Health: A Focus On Research, Lori L. Heise, Kirsten Moore, Nahid Toubia

Reproductive Health

Gender-based violence is ignored or denied in most societies and neglected by health professionals and researchers, yet it persists in almost all societies, and, in some, it is on the increase. This report is aimed at those in the family planning/reproductive health field who desire to conduct research or implement programs to address sexual violence and its impact on women's reproductive health. Furthermore, it contributes to a better understanding of the context of sexual coercion as well as its causes and consequences. The ideas presented herein are derived largely from a two-day meeting jointly organized by the Ebert Program in …

Women's Status And Family Planning In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Focus Group Data, Ruth Simmons, Rezina Mita

Reproductive Health

This study involved secondary analysis of a substantial set of 1987–88 focus group data from Bangladesh’s Matlab Thana, where the Family Planning and Health Services Project was underway since 1977. The project was highly successful in increasing family planning (FP) acceptance and provided a rich research base for studying the diffusion of FP and its effects. The study involved 36 focus groups with fieldworkers, community women, husbands, educated women, and community leaders. The intent of the present study is to examine the effect of FP on women's status in Bangladesh, and to prepare papers on that topic. Following leads in …

An Investigation Of Alternative Approaches To Contraceptive Logistics Management At The Peripheral Level, Abu Yusuf Choudhury, Iqbal Ahammed, Amy Gale Dunston

Reproductive Health

In Bangladesh, contraceptive commodities are received at the peripheral level (thana and below) from thana stores on a monthly basis by using the “pull” system. It is expected that at any point in time a worker or a center at the peripheral level will have a two-to-three-month stock of contraceptives. Many surveys/studies have indicated, however, that stockouts of contraceptives are quite frequent. To investigate an improved system of contraceptive distribution, a three-cell experimental study was undertaken. In the first two cells, contraceptives were delivered following two methods of the “push” system, while in the third cell contraceptives were distributed following …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Ghaziabad, V.S. Sridhar, P. Subramaniyam, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with 139 million individuals, per the 1991 census. The Sample Registration System in 1992 indicated a high population growth rate of 2.3 percent and a very high birth rate of 36.2 per 1,000. Several measures have been taken to contain the growth and bring a rapid decline in the fertility rate. The Government of India and USAID began the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project under the management of the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency. The goal was to reduce the fertility rate in Uttar Pradesh by expanding and …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Gorakhpur, P.N. Kapoor, P.K. Chopra, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) in India had a population of 139 million, as of the 1991 census. The socioeconomic profile is characterized by relatively low levels of per capita income and literacy. Further, assessment of the family planning program and the demographic status as measured by Couple Protection Rate (CPR) and Mortality/Fertility rates marks UP as one of the country’s more demographically disadvantaged states. UP has a relatively higher infant mortality rate, crude death rate, birth rate, and total fertility rate than the country as a whole, whereas CPR is much too low. The district of Gorakhpur falls …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Jaunpur, P.N. Kapoor, P.K. Chopra, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

Uttar Pradesh (UP) is the most populous state in India, with a population of 139 million, as of the 1991 census. The socioeconomic profile is characterized by relatively low levels of per capita income and literacy. Further, assessment of the family planning program and the demographic status as measured by Couple Protection Rate (CPR) and Mortality/Fertility rates mark UP as one of the country’s more demographically disadvantaged states. UP has a relatively higher Infant Mortality Rate, crude death rate, birth rate, and total fertility rate than the country as a whole, whereas CPR is much too low. The district of …

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Meerut, P.K. Jain, Ramal Pasricha, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Government of India and USAID began the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project (IFPS) in Uttar Pradesh under the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA). The goal was to reduce the fertility rate in India’s most populous State of Uttar Pradesh by accelerating family planning (FP) services at the district level through innovative approaches. IFPS’s main objectives were to increase access to FP services, improve quality of FP services, and promote contraceptive use. Initially 15 districts were selected for the Baseline Surveys in Uttar Pradesh (BSUP). The baseline information collected will be used to plan FP interventions …