Digital Commons Network^™

Programming For Hiv Prevention Among College Students In Thailand, Simon Baker, Patchara Rumakom, Usasinee Rewthong, Srisuman Sartsara, Ann P. Mccauley, Jessica Greene

HIV and AIDS

As national education programs incorporate HIV prevention into school curricula, policymakers and educators need to know what they can expect from these initiatives. Can such courses influence the behavior of students as well as their knowledge and attitudes? If not, what can these courses reasonably be expected to accomplish, and what part can they play in overall HIV programming for youth? To help answer these questions, the Thai Ministry of Education, the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), and the Horizons Program embarked on a study to examine the outcomes of a school-based HIV/AIDS program for Thai college students. …

Expanding Workplace Hiv/Aids Prevention Activities For A Highly Mobile Population: Construction Workers In Ho Chi Minh City, Vu Ngoc Bao, Philip Guest, Julie Pulerwitz, Le Thuy Lan Thao, Duong Xuan Dinh, Tran Thi Kim Xuyen, Ann Levin

HIV and AIDS

In Ho Chi Minh City, the locus of the HIV epidemic in Vietnam, efforts have been under way for several years to implement prevention efforts for migrant worker populations. The main activity has been volunteer health communicators (HCs) visiting workplaces and conducting HIV education activities. These efforts have reached only a small number of the intended audience, and the impact is unclear. Local authorities want to scale up their efforts but need information on the most effective and least costly activities, and their potential for scale up. The Horizons Program, the Population Council/Vietnam, and partners compared two programs for highly …

Expanding Workplace Hiv Prevention Programs For A Highly Mobile Population In Ho Chi Minh City, Vu Ngoc Bao, Philip Guest, Julie Pulerwitz, Le Thuy Lan Thao, Duong Xuan Dinh, Tran Thi Kim Xuyen, Ann Levin

HIV and AIDS

As HIV prevalence in Vietnam increases, promoting prevention behavior among vulnerable populations, such as migrant workers, becomes more critical. In Ho Chi Minh City, efforts by the local government have been in place for several years to focus prevention activities on migrant workers. The principal activity uses volunteer health communicators to conduct HIV education activities at workplaces. Yet these prevention efforts have reached only a minority of migrant workers, and the effectiveness of the approach remains unclear. Local authorities want to expand their efforts but need more information about which activities are the most effective and least costly, as well …

Involving Youth In The Care And Support Of People Affected By Hiv And Aids, Eka Esu-Williams, Scott Geibel, Joseph Motsepe, Katie D. Schenk, Moses Zulu, Petronella Bweupe

HIV and AIDS

Young people in Zambia who were trained to provide care and support to individuals and families affected by AIDS have proven to be a vital resource to their communities. In a country where adult HIV prevalence is 13 percent among males and 18 percent among females, communities are seeking new ways of helping those infected and affected by the disease. As the needs of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLHA) and orphans and vulnerable children continue to escalate, results from an intervention study by the Horizons Program, in partnership with Care International and Family Health Trust, provide a promising …

"Some Of Us Are Learning Spanish And Some Of Us Are Learning English": A Comparison Of Second Language Programs In Texas, Lore Carrera-Carrillo

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Dual language education programs are gaining momentum throughout the United States as exemplary means of educating both language minority and language majority students. There is considerable evidence that learning through the native language has many advantages for language minority students. Specifically, it allows them to gain important content knowledge in their native language that will make the English they encounter more comprehensible as they enhance their overall cognitive and social development. Additionally, dual language education facilitates the development of both basic and advanced literacy in two languages for language majority students; Research results demonstrate that dual language education programs can …

Ghana And Guatemala: Clients And Providers Need Better Support And Guidance On Iuds, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

The intrauterine device (IUD) is a safe, effective, and reversible contraceptive method, however in many countries use of the IUD is stagnant or declining in relation to other contraceptive methods. In 2002, the Population Council investigated the reasons for low utilization of IUDs among women in Ghana and Guatemala. The studies examined clients’ and providers’ knowledge and attitudes about IUDs as well as factors within the health system that affect their use and availability. The studies took place at public, private, and nongovernmental health centers and clinics in both rural and urban settings. Researchers collected qualitative data using a combination …

Family Planning And Pmtct Services: Examining Interrelationships, Strengthening Linkages, Naomi Rutenberg, Carolyn Baek, Chipepo Kankasa, Ruth Nduati, Dorothy Mbori-Ngacha, Margaret Siwale, Scott Geibel, Louis Apicella

HIV and AIDS

Preventing unintended pregnancy among HIV-positive women through family planning (FP) services is one of the four cornerstones of a comprehensive program for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT). Reducing unintended pregnancies among HIV-positive women would yield a reduction in infections among infants and a reduction in the number of children potentially orphaned when parents die of AIDS-related illnesses. It also reduces HIV-positive women's vulnerability to morbidity and mortality related to pregnancy and lactation. In addition, family planning for both HIV-positive and -negative women safeguards their health by enabling them to space births. This brief focuses on findings from Horizons studies …

Momentum, October 2003, Population Council

Momentum

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Life Skills Education On Adolescent Sexual Risk Behaviors, Robert Magnani, Kate Macintyre, Ali Mehyrar Karim, Lisanne Brown, Paul Hutchinson

HIV and AIDS

In response to the escalating HIV/AIDS epidemic, in 1998 the South African Ministry of Education mandated implementation of a comprehensive life skills education program in all secondary schools by 2005. The Life Skills Program aims to increase knowledge and develop skills to help youth protect themselves from HIV infection and to safeguard their reproductive health. Although it is too early to assess the long-term impact of this initiative, the phased implementation of life skills education provides an opportunity to assess short-term impact. To measure the effects of exposure to topics within the life skills curriculum on sexual and reproductive health …

Infant Feeding Counseling Within Kenyan And Zambian Pmtct Services: How Well Does It Promote Good Feeding Practices?, Naomi Rutenberg, Chipepo Kankasa, Ruth Nduati, Dorothy Mbori-Ngacha, Margaret Siwale, Scott Geibel

HIV and AIDS

Infant feeding counseling is an important intervention for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. More than one-third of HIV transmission to infants occurs through breastfeeding, and up to 20 percent of infants born to HIV-infected mothers acquire the virus from breast milk in countries where extended breastfeeding of children is the norm. The World Health Organization advises that HIV-positive mothers should be offered nondirective counseling on various infant feeding options that are feasible, affordable, safe, sustainable, and effective in the local context. The Horizons Program collaborated with NARESA in Kenya, the MTCT Working Group in Zambia, and UNICEF …

Improving Postpartum Care Among Low Parity Mothers In Palestine, Center For Development In Primary Health Care (Cdphc)

Reproductive Health

In an effort to improve the health status of Palestinian women and their children in the West Bank and Gaza, USAID, in collaboration with the Palestinian Ministry of Health and a number of NGOs, designed and funded a 28-month pilot activity, the Pilot Health Project (PHP), that was expected to have a positive impact on the health of women and children. This report describes the results of the intervention designed to measure the effectiveness of a second home visit on low-parity women in 1) improving their knowledge and practices regarding their own health as well as the health of their …

Life Span: Evolutionary, Ecological, And Demographic Perspectives, James R. Carey, Shripad Tuljapurkar

Population Policy and Demographic Analysis

The human life span continues to increase even in already low-mortality populations—with major implications for societies and economies. Classical evolutionary theory accounts for survival only through the age of reproduction. A more elaborate theory, integrating biological and demographic perspectives, is required to explain these current trends in longevity and to gauge their future course. The papers collected in this supplement to Population and Development Review contribute to the development of such a theory. The authors are leading scientists from demography, evolutionary biology, and field ecology, equipped to draw insights not only from human populations but also from the comparative mortality …

Microfinance And Households Coping With Hiv/Aids In Zimbabwe: An Exploratory Study, Carolyn Barnes, Erica Keogh, Nontokozo Nemarundwe, Loveness Nyikahadzoi, Ellen Weiss

HIV and AIDS

This study, conducted in Zimbabwe, sought to better understand the relationship between a microfinance program, Zambuko Trust, and how microentrepreneurs’ households cope with the impact of HIV/AIDS. The study examined how HIV/AIDS is affecting Zambuko’s operations and what microfinance institutions (MFIs) can do to lessen the impact of HIV/AIDS on their clients and operations. The findings indicate several small yet important ways that MFI programs help microentrepreneurs and their families respond to these impacts through access to credit and business management training. Participation in a microfinance program led to income smoothing and better financial management, which can help households mitigate …

Yrg Care Base Model Report: Integrated Prevention, Care, And Support Services, Christopher Castle

HIV and AIDS

In September 1999, YRG CARE embarked on a research project in collaboration with the Horizons Program and the International HIV/AIDS Alliance entitled “Scaling Up Affordable and Appropriate Care and Support Services for People Living with HIV/AIDS in South India.” The study aims to better understand the affordability and appropriateness of an integrated care and support model in an emerging epidemic situation to meet the needs of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) and improve their quality of life. A second aim is to examine the process and costs of scaling up this model. A critical step toward achieving both goals is …

The Effectiveness Of Self-Access Learning Programme On English Learning Strategies Of Form Two Students At Maahad Hamidiah Secondary School / Papaliitele Moeimanono Fouvaa, Fouvaa Papaliitele Moeimanono

Student Works (2000-2009)

The research report is based on the study of the effectiveness of Self-Access Learning Programme on English Learning Strategies of Form Two Students, at Maahad Hamidiah, National Secondary Religious School, Kajang, Selangor. The data for this study were collected from responses of the two interview sessions which were administered to thirteen (13) students of Form Two classes that were randomly selected, as well as three (3) English teachers. There were also classroom observations undertaken, so that the researcher would have abundant information about the topic. In addition to, some of the information used in this research were from the principal, …

Using Graphic Organizers To Enhance The Academic Achievement And Self-Esteem Of Haitian Esol Students, Ingrid Chrisphonte

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education ETD Archive

This applied dissertation was designed to increase the academic achievement and self-esteem of English to Speakers of Other Languages Haitian students in language arts through reading and writing. Haitian students were not at the academic level of their counterparts in English. Teacher assessment and observed student behavior in writing assignments and class participation were evidence that a problem existed. Haitian students submitted writing tests that were incomplete. They were unlikely to participate in classroom discussion or to share answers aloud. It was important to make learning enjoyable in a nonthreatening environment.

The writer used various strategies to accomplish the goals. …

Effects Of Classwide Peer Tutoring (Cwpt) On Social Interactions Of Children With And Without English Proficiency, Yaoying Xu

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Learning and Education occur in social contexts. The quality of children's peer relationships is an important indication of children's current and later social adjustment. Children with peer problems tend to experience higher levels of loneliness and other undesirable affective consequences, including social dissatisfaction and worrying about peer relations. Because of the limited language proficiency and cultural and ethnic differences among children with LEP, some of their social behaviors are considered inappropriate by their non-LEP teachers and peers. On the other hand, children with LEP may feel that they do not fit in a group or class activity. As a result, …

Decapitation And Disgorgement: The Female Body's Text In Early Modern English Literature, Melanie Ann Hanson

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

My dissertation focuses on language and forms of expression for women in early modern English literature. In particular, William Shakespeare's character Lavinia from Titus Andronicus, Elizabeth Cary's character Mariam in The Tragedy of Mariam, and Isabella Whitney's narrative voice in her poem "The Manner of Her Will" are examined. French feminist Helene Cixous provides the theoretical framework for this project. Exploring manifestations of Cixous's crucial terms "decapitation" and "disgorgement" is the objective of the three core chapters. Privileging the female body's text and discussing the variety of means used to "speak" it is of central concern. The connection between silencing …

An Interdisciplinary, Teaming Approach To History And English Instruction At The Secondary Level, Miles J. Caples

All Graduate Projects

The relationship of integrating history and English objectives to enhance student achievement was studied. A model curriculum has been developed to connect U.S. History and American Literature content. Research has been obtained that indicates improved student learning when subjects are integrated in a relevant fashion. Secondary schools using interdisciplinary curriculum are showing improved GPA's, attendance and standardized test scores. Secondary teachers must align their daily lesson plans and assessments with the state essential learning's in both the history and language arts area.

William Blake: An Integrated Teaching Approach, Shawn C. Gaspaire

All Graduate Projects

The purpose of this project was to explore the usefulness of providing integrated curricula in today's contemporary classroom. The literature review illustrates that integrated approaches to teaching improve classroom engagement rates, retention, and skill level across grade levels when compared to non-integrated environments. A tenweek model using William Blake as a catalyst is presented. The integrated approach using Blake incorporates history, English, the arts, vocational arts, communication, and the technologies. Implications of integrated curriculum and William Blake are discussed.

Selected Dhs Data On 10–14-Year-Olds: Chad, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning"

Selected Dhs Data On 10–14-Year-Olds: Pakistan, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning"

Selected Dhs Data On 10–14-Year-Olds: Nepal, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning"

An Observation Checklist For Facility-Based Normal Labor And Delivery Practices: The Galaa Study, Hania Sholkamy, Nevine Hassanein, Mohamed Cherine, Amr Elnoury, Miral Breebaart, Karima Khalil

Reproductive Health

Globally, almost 515,000 women die every year from maternal causes related to pregnancy or childbirth. Most research focuses on identifying high-risk cases or managing obstetric emergencies, in an attempt to reduce women’s risk of dying of maternal causes. While facility practices for normal labor were extensively examined and revised in Europe and North America in the 1970s and 1980s, little is known about facility practices for normal labor in many parts of the developing world. It is important for practitioners and policymakers to know the nature and frequency of common facility practices for normal labor. Substandard care has been identified …

Kenya: Communities Support Adolescent Reproductive Health Education, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

Young people in Kenya have limited knowledge of reproductive health (RH) and face many challenges in their transition to adulthood. Chief among these challenges is the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among adults and its increasing incidence among rural youth. In 1999, FRONTIERS initiated a three-year project in Kenya to test the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost of interventions to improve adolescent RH. The project, implemented jointly with the Kenyan government and the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), was part of a four-country study that examined ways to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. …

Selected Dhs Data On 10–14-Year-Olds: Armenia, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning"

Selected Dhs Data On 10–14-Year-Olds: Bangladesh, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning"

Selected Dhs Data On 10–14-Year-Olds: Bolivia, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning"

Selected Dhs Data On 10–14-Year-Olds: Burkina Faso, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning"

Selected Dhs Data On 10–14-Year-Olds: Côte D'Ivoire, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning"