Digital Commons Network^™

The Relationship Between Dietary Sodium And Calcium Metabolism In Mexican-American Adolescents, Mara N. Gallo

College of Health and Human Sciences Honors Program Undergraduate Theses

No abstract provided.

Genetic Differences Control The Response Of Femur And Lumbar Spine Trabecular Bone Microstructure To Dietary Calcium Restriction In Mice, Xu Lan

College of Health and Human Sciences Honors Program Undergraduate Theses

Both dietary calcium and genetics influence bone density and structure. However, how genetics

affect the adaptation response of bone parameters to dietary calcium (Ca) restriction is unknown.

11 inbred strains of mice were fed adequate (0.5%) or low (0.25%) Ca diets from 4-12 weeks of

age and were evaluated for gene-by-diet interactions affecting bone structure at the femur and

lumbar spine. We observed that genetics and diet main effects as well as gene-by-diet

interactions significantly affected femur trabecular and cortical bone, and lumbar spine

trabecular bone microCT parameters. There were no significant correlations between basal and

adaptation parameters in femur …

Fruit And Vegetable Consumption At Bear River Charter School; A Demand Curve Analysis, Mckelle Tobey

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Many variables contribute to the rising prevalence of children being overweight and obese, one being poor nutrition and the lack of a balanced diet. Proper nutrition helps children to grow and develop normally, as well as lowers the risk of developing chronic problems such as cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and certain cancers later in life. Conducted alongside an applied behavioral intervention to increase consumption of fruits and vegetables, a behavioral economic evaluation of demand curves was administered to students in the fifth through eighth grades. Findings suggest that the intervention had no significant effect on the elasticity of the …

Method Of Ameliorating Oxidative Stress And Supplementing The Diet, Boyd E. Haley, Niladrl Narayan Gupta

Chemistry Faculty Patents

A method of supplementing a diet and ameliorating oxidative stress in a mammal includes administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of lipid soluble, hydrophobic active compounds having a chemical structure . . .

To see the remainder of this abstract, please download this patent.

Contributions Of Apolipoprotein E And Environmental Factors In Alzheimer’S Disease, Kelly C. Mcmullen

Senior Honors Theses

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, which currently affects nearly 5.5 million people in the United States alone. Clinical features often exhibited in AD include memory loss, unusual behavior, personality changes, and impaired cognitive function. The primary molecular hallmarks of AD include deposits of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in brain tissue. A myriad of risk factors are associated with the disease, but this review will focus on Apolipoprotein E polymorphisms and certain environmental factors. Understanding the role of Apolipoprotein E in AD pathology may aid in the development of certain drug therapies and possible cures for AD. …

Sweetened Drink And Snacking Cues In Adolescents. A Study Using Ecological Momentary Assessment, Jerry L. Grenard, Alan W. Stacy, Saul Shiffman, Amanda N. Baraldi, David P. Mackinnon, Ginger Lockhart, Yasemin Kisbu-Sakarya, Sarah Boyle Abd, Yuliyana Beleva Abd, Carol Koprowski, Susan L. Ames, Kim D. Reynolds

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

The objective of this study was to identify physical, social, and intrapersonal cues that were associated with the consumption of sweetened beverages and sweet and salty snacks among adolescents from lower SES neighborhoods. Students were recruited from high schools with a minimum level of 25% free or reduced cost lunches. Using ecological momentary assessment, participants (N=158) were trained to answer brief questionnaires on handheld PDA devices: (a) each time they ate or drank, (b) when prompted randomly, and (c) once each evening. Data were collected over 7days for each participant. Participants reported their location (e.g., school grounds, home), mood, social …

Association Of Gastrointestinal Distress In Ultramarathoners With Race Diet, Kristin J. Stuempfle, Martin D. Hoffman, Tamara Hew-Butler

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Context: Gastrointestinal (GI) distress is common during ultrarunning.

Purpose: To determine if race diet is related to GI distress in a 161-km ultramarathon.

Methods: Fifteen (10 male, 5 female) consenting runners in the Javelina Jundred (6.5 loops on a desert trail) participated. Body mass was measured immediately pre-race and after each loop. Runners reported if they had nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and/or diarrhea after each loop. Subjects were interviewed after each loop to record food, fluid, and electrolyte consumption. Race diets were analyzed using Nutritionist Pro.

Results: Nine (8 male, 1 female) of 15 runners experienced GI distress including nausea …

Nutrition Intervention To Decrease Symptoms In Patients With Advanced Heart Failure, Terry A. Lennie, Debra K. Moser, Martha J. Biddle, Darlene Welsh, Geza G. Bruckner, D. Travis Thomas, Mary Kay Rayens, Alison L. Bailey

Nursing Faculty Publications

For a majority of patients with advanced heart failure, there is a need for complementary, non-pharmacologic interventions that could be easily implemented by health care providers to provide palliative care. Three major pathologic pathways underlying heart failure symptoms have been identified: fluid overload, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Prior research has demonstrated that three nutrients-sodium, omega-3 fatty acids, and lycopene-can alter these pathologic pathways. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to test the effects of a 6-month nutrition intervention of dietary sodium reduction combined with supplementation of lycopene and omega-3 fatty acids on heart failure symptoms, health-related quality of life, …

A Comparison Of Daily Consumption Of Artificial Dye-Containing Foods By American Children And Adults, Carol Christine Bell

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Children with developing nervous systems might be at greater risk for any potential neurobehavioral effects of color additives widespread in many foods. This study thus examined whether children consumed foods containing color additives more frequently than adults. Twenty-one adults (aged 18-60) and parents of 14 children (aged 4-7) with regular eating patterns kept detailed food records for five days. Diets were analyzed for foods containing the dyes Red #3, Red #40, Yellow #5, Yellow #6, Blue #1, Blue #2 and Green #3 by comparing ingredient labels found in grocery stores and online. The number of daily dye exposures was significantly …

Wellness Made Simple - 2013, Nova Southeastern University

Wellness Made Simple

No abstract provided.

Diet And Nutrition In Cancer Survivorship And Palliative Care., Anthony J Bazzan, Andrew B Newberg, William C Cho, Daniel A Monti

Marcus Institute of Integrative Health Faculty Papers

The primary goal of palliative cancer care is typically to relieve suffering and improve quality of life. Most approaches to diet in this setting have focused only on eating as many calories as possible to avoid cachexia. However, as the concept of palliative care has evolved to include all aspects of cancer survivorship and not just end of life care, there is an increasing need to thoughtfully consider diet and nutrition approaches that can impact not only quality of life but overall health outcomes and perhaps even positively affect cancer recurrence and progression. In this regard, there has been a …

Is Sugar The New Tobacco? How To Regulate Toxic Foods, Barbara L. Atwell

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This article explores the health risks associated with added sugar. It then examines how, if at all, sugar should be regulated, by considering tobacco regulation as a possible model. Part I identifies the health risks of sugar consumption. Part II examines the reasons why sugar is added to so much of our food supply. Part III provides an overview of tobacco regulation, including educational initiatives, warning labels, advertising restrictions, age limitations, and taxes. Finally, Part IV provides a framework for sugar regulation, suggesting that most of the foregoing laws designed to discourage tobacco use should, with the exception of age …

Nutrition Literacy And Demographic Variables As Predictors Of Adolescent Weight Status In A Florida County, Leslee D'Amato-Kubiet

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, childhood obesity has increased to epidemic proportions across the United States (U.S.) in parallel with adult obesity, which often reflects poor dietary choices and bad nutritional habits. Nutrition literacy, which encompasses the constructs of nutrition knowledge and skills, is considered a basic tool for good dietary habits and health promotion undertakings; however, its more definitive relationship to adolescent children’s weight status is unknown. Most childrens’ weight status studies have focused solely on behavioral aspects of adolescent food intake, taking into consideration parental influence, peer pressure, and societal expectations. Studies evaluating the measurement of nutrition literacy with regard …

Nutrition, Histone Epigenetic Marks, And Disease, Janos Zempleni, Dandan Liu, Jing Xue

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The dietary intake of essential nutrients and bioactive food compounds is a process that occurs on a daily basis for the entire life span. Therefore, your diet has a great potential to cause changes in the epigenome. Known histone modifications include acetylation, methylation, biotinylation, poly(ADP-ribosylation), ubiquitination, and sumoylation. Some of these modifications depend directly on dietary nutrients. For other modifications, bioactive dietary compounds may alter the activities of enzymes that establish or remove histone marks, thereby altering the epigenome. This chapter provides an overview of diet-dependent epigenomic marks in histones and their links with human health.

The Role Of Forage Availability On Diet Choice And Body Condition In American Beavers (Castor Canadensis), William J. Severud, Steve K. Windels, Jerrold L. Belant, John G. Bruggink

United States National Park Service: Publications

Forage availability can affect body condition and reproduction in wildlife.Weused terrestrial and aquatic vegetation sampling, stable isotope analysis, and livetrapping to investigate the influence of estimated forage biomass on diet, body condition, and reproduction in American beavers (Castor canadensis) in the Namakan Reservoir, Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, USA, May 2008–September 2009. Available terrestrial and emergent aquatic forage varied greatly among territories, but floating leaf aquatic forage was low in abundance in all territories. Variation in estimated biomass of available emergent and terrestrial vegetation did not explain variation in respective assimilated diets, but variation in floating leaf vegetation explained …

The Nature And Perceived Influence Of Lifestyle Discussions With Older Adults In Primary Care, Shoshana H. Bardach

Theses and Dissertations--Gerontology

The Nature and Perceived Influence of Lifestyle Discussions with Older Adults in Primary Care Rationale: A healthy diet and physical activity help with disease prevention and disease management and can promote quality of life regardless of the age at which an individual begins engaging in these behaviors. Despite the value of these health behaviors, many older adults do not follow lifestyle recommendations. Given that older adults frequently interact with the healthcare system, primary care providers are well situated to counsel older adults to improve their health behaviors. Unfortunately, we do not know how to most effectively engage in this counseling. …

What To Eat Now? Shifts In Polar Bear Diet During The Ice-Free Season In Western Hudson Bay, Linda J. Gormezano, Robert F. Rockwell

Publications and Research

Under current climate trends, spring ice breakup in Hudson Bay is advancing rapidly, leaving polar bears (Ursus maritimus) less time to hunt seals during the spring when they accumulate the majority of their annual fat reserves. For this reason, foods that polar bears consume during the ice-free season may become increasingly important in alleviating nutritional stress from lost seal hunting opportunities. Defining how the terrestrial diet might have changed since the onset of rapid climate change is an important step in understanding how polar bears may be reacting to climate change. We characterized the current terrestrial diet of polar bears …

The Impact Of Dietary And Exercise Habits On College Students' Life Satisfaction, Megan L. Marsh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A majority of college students do not maintain healthy lifestyle practices. Few college students achieve recommendations for adequate nutrition and instead typically consume diets high in fat, sodium, and sugar and low in fruits and vegetables. In addition, few college students meet current physical activity recommendations, and 40-50% do not exercise at all. Life satisfaction is associated with low levels of stress, academic achievement, goal progression, and personal growth initiative, all of which contribute to success in college as well as the transition from college into the working world. Exercise, fruit and vegetable intake, and avoidance of fat intake are …

Associations Between Resting Metabolic Rate And Energy Storage In Young Adults, Robin Shook

Theses and Dissertations

At the most basic level obesity is the result of a chronic imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. However, the exact etiology is considerably more complex and may involve a variety of physiological and behavioral factors. Metabolic disturbances, including reduced fat oxidation as measured by the respiratory quotient (RQ) and reduced resting metabolic rate (RMR), have been identified as possible predictors of changes in body weight and body composition. RMR represents the largest component (60-80%) of caloric expenditure that contributes to total daily energy expenditure in humans and has high inter-person variability (±25%) but not within individuals (<±5%). The cause of this variability between individuals and the exact role of RMR and RQ in determining body weight and body composition are uncertain.

This …

Association Of Iron Depletion With Menstruation And Dietary Intake Indices In Pubertal Girls: The Healthy Growth Study, George Moschonis, Dimitrios Papandreou, Christina Mavrogianni, Angeliki Giannopoulou, Louisa Damianidi, Pavlos Malindretos, Christos Lionis, George P. Chrousos, Yannis Manios

All Works

The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of iron depletion (ID) with menstrual blood losses, lifestyle, and dietary habits, in pubertal girls. The study sample comprised 1222 girls aged 9-13 years old. Biochemical, anthropometrical, dietary, clinical, and physical activity data were collected. Out of 274 adolescent girls with menses, 33.5% were found to be iron depleted (defined as serum ferritin < 12 g/L) compared to 15.9% out of 948 girls without menses. Iron-depleted girls without menses were found to have lower consumption of poultry (P = 0.017) and higher consumption of fruits (P = 0.044) and fast food (P = 0.041) compared to their peers having normal iron status. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that girls with menses were 2.57 (95% CI: 1.37, 4.81) times more likely of being iron depleted compared to girls with no menses. Iron depletion was found to be associated with high calcium intake, high consumption of fast foods, and low consumption of poultry and fruits. Menses was the only factor that was found to significantly increase the likelihood of ID in these girls. More future research is probably needed in order to better understand the role of diet and menses in iron depletion. © 2013 George Moschonis et al.

Herbivory By Parma Mccullochi (Pomacentridae) : Its Role As An Ecosystem Engineer In Temperate Algal-Dominated Reefs, Frederico Vitelli

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Pomacentridae is one of the most representative families of herbivorous fishes inhabiting both tropical and temperate reefs, yet the vast majority of studies examining feeding within this family have been undertaken in tropical rather than temperate regions. Despite the high abundances of the pomacentrid Parma mccullochi in temperate waters of Western Australia, and their likely importance in removing algae from reefs in the region, there is a lack of information on their diet and their impact on the reef algal community. This study aims to determine the role of Parma mccullochi as an ecosystem engineer on temperate algal-dominated reefs in …

A Pilot Program To Evaluate The Effect Of Training Table-Based Nutrition Education And Menu Modification On The Nutrition Knowledge And Dietary Intake Of Collegiate Football Players At A Ncaa Division I University, Rida Wali

Master's Theses

Since collegiate football is a revenue generating sport for many institutions, it is likely that these athletes are under pressure to maximize performance and thus may resort to unsafe or unproven nutritional practices. Athletes lacking nutrition knowledge may not be able to adequately nourish themselves, which may negatively impact their performance and overall health. In the literature, it is indicated that the athletic staff is a source of nutrition knowledge for athletes. However, the training table - which is a meal provided by the athletic staff, has previously not been explored as an avenue for nutrition education and intervention. This …

Skinny Secrets: Promoting The "Less Is More" Ideology In Women's Diet Books, Cassidy Felker Garbutt

Master's Theses (2009 -)

This thesis uses textual analysis to explore and analyze messages in six popular women's diet self-help books published between 2005 and 2012. This work is grounded in feminist theory and discusses the ways in which women's diet books encourage readers to think about women and weight loss. Findings of the study indicate that women's diet books do three things: first, they discourage women from dieting, while simultaneously promoting diet-like strategies for them to follow; second, they create and reinforce a "naturally thin" ideal for women; third, they use empowerment rhetoric to place the responsibility and burden of weight loss on …

Social Support And Health Behaviors, Bryan Michael Kingry

Wayne State University Dissertations

Empirical evidence exists showing a correlation between social support and health behaviors. However, does social support act the same across several health behaviors? The purpose of this study was to determine if social support has an impact across diet, physical activity and smoking in adults. The participants were 2,821 adults over the age of 40 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2006, NHANES III). Multiple regression models were used to explore such a correlation. The findings suggest that social support does not act the same across varying health behaviors. The findings also suggest that educational attainment was the …

Evolution Of The Human Diet: What We Can Learn From Hunters And Gatherers, Kara Osborne, Alyssa Crittenden

McNair Poster Presentations

The study of hunter-gatherer populations around the world can greatly inform our understanding of the evolution of the human diet. Ethnographic research of modern hunter-gatherers has been used to infer the possible food consump­tion and acquisition patterns of our ancestors. Hunter-gatherers provide the in­formation necessary for the understanding of the past human diet, due to these populations living similar lifestyles in similar environments, therefore procuring similar foods.

The Hadza, a group of nomadic hunters and gatherers living in Tanzania, East Africa, are one of the primary populations that nutritional anthropologists study to infer what possible foods our ancestors acquired and …

Interpreting Diet And Nutritional Stress In Napoleon's Grand Army Using Stable Carbon And Nitrogen Isotope Analysis, Sammantha Holder

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A mass grave containing the remains of at least 3269 Napoleonic soldiers from 1812 was discovered in Vilnius, Lithuania in 2001. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic analyses were performed on collagen from 78 femoral samples to explore dietary variation within the sample. Starvation and nutritional distress were also evaluated through the examination of nitrogen enrichment in bone collagen. Clinical studies have demonstrated that enriched nitrogen isotope values can indicate periods of nutritional stress and starvation; however, this is the first study to examine its use as a diagnostic indicator of starvation in a historical population using bone tissue. According to …

Evaluation Of Prey Composition And Nutritional Value Of Diets Of Free-Ranging Harbor Seals (Phoca Vitulina) From Tugidak Island, Gretchen L. Geiger

Marine Biology

Changes in climate can cause shifts in ecosystem structure that can affect quantity or quality of prey available to predator populations. Due to sex or age-specific behaviors of predators, certain classes within a population may be more severely impacted by changes in their diet. This study evaluated prey composition and nutritional value of summer diets of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) from Tugidak Island, Alaska from 2001-2009. The MIXIT-WIN program was used to estimate the nutritional value of average harbor seal diets. Changes in relative abundance of certain prey species were correlated to sea surface temperature anomalies. Despite changes in …

Impacts Of Sea Otter Predation On Commercially Important Sea Cucumbers (Parastichopus Californicus) In Southeast Alaska, Sean D. Larson

Fisheries

Consequences from management actions, particularly those regarding species reintroductions, are not always immediately apparent. After sea otters were extirpated from Southeast Alaska in the 18th and 19th century fur trade, it is presumed that marine invertebrate stocks grew in the absence of sea otter predation. Since reintroduction in the 1960s, the Southeast Alaska sea otter population has grown, with great potential to deplete the commercially important sea cucumber, Parastichopus californicus. This study evaluates the interaction with and impacts of sea otters on sea cucumbers using foraging observations and sea cucumber density data collected for fishery management. Sea otter diets, in …

Meat-Wise Eating Habits, Jenna Haycock, Kelly Anderson, Roslynn Brain

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Behavioral Changes For African Americans To Improve Health, Embrace Culture, And Minimize Disparities, Dashiel J. Geyen Ed.D., M.P.H.

The Bridge: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Legal & Social Policy

In spite of significant advances in the prevention, diagnoses, and treatment of most chronic diseases, there is evidence that racial and ethnic people of color tend to receive lower quality of care and less preventive interventions than the majority members of a community. While our health system should improve its efforts at addressing and reducing disproportionality in health care, African Americans can make behavioral changes through diet and exercise that will reduce their susceptibility to chronic illnesses. This article first reviews the prevalence, disparities, and characteristics of chronic diseases impacting the African American population. Second, it discusses culturally connected practices …