Digital Commons Network^™

Start Today! Tips To Start Living Your Best Life, Jessica Atlee

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This handout depicts healthy eating and active living suggestions, including water consumption, sleep habits, goal-setting, appropriate snacking, best practices while cooking, and suggestions for mealtimes.

The Fight Against Overweight And Obesity Among Adolescents, Jordan Reichel

All Student-Created Educational Resources

The purpose of this handout is to use evidence-based research to educate the adolescents population about the growing problem of overweight and obesity among youth in this age group. This handout describes the criteria for being considered overweight or obese during adolescence. Possible risk factors for adolescent overweight and obesity are identified. The handout discusses the burden of disease and the potential consequences associated with being overweight or obese as an adolescent. Behavior modification strategies for preventing or treating overweight and obesity in adolescent’s are also described.

Key Assessment Part 2 Educational Handout, Karl Granskog

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This is an educational handout on childhood obesity. It delineates the increase and common complications in childhood and adolescent obesity. It informs the reader of the linkage between childhood and adolescent obesity and: hypertension/heart remodeling, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and prediabetes/diabetes. It informs the reader of these undesired co-morbidities and the increased unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes in the present and in adulthood. It provides information on actions the reader can take to address childhood and adolescent obesity in children.

Race Analysis In An African American Majority Sample Of Individuals With Serious Mental Illness And Comorbid Diabetes Participating In A Self-Management Research Treatment Trail, Martha Sajatovic, Molly Howland, Douglas Gunzler, Kristin A. Cassidy, Richard Mccormick, Thomas Scheidemantel, Charles Thomas, Carol Blixen, Neal V. Dawson

Faculty Scholarship

Objectives: Targeted Training in Illness Management (TTIM) focuses on enhancing care engagement for people living with serious mental illness and diabetes. This secondary analysis from a 60-week, randomized controlled trial of TTIM versus treatment as usual evaluated racial subgroup outcomes. Method: Demographics, clinical characteristics, and diabetes status were evaluated for those self-identifying as non-Hispanic White, African American, and Hispanic. Longitudinal response to TTIM was evaluated using a multiple domain risk index. Due to their small sample size; those identifying as Hispanic were excluded from this analysis. Results: Non-Hispanic White participants had greater baseline socioeconomic advantages. Baseline risk scores, glycosylated hemoglobin …

Functional And Skeletal Muscle Impairments In Progressive Diabetic Ckd, Daniel Bittel

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

1-in-3 persons with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) develop chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is characterized by progressive renal dysfunction leading to end-stage renal disease. In response to elevated blood glucose and systemic inflammation of diabetes, a process of active thickening of the renal glomerular basement membrane ensues with concomitant damage to the structural supports (podocytes) of the kidneyճ filtration barrier. This results in impaired renal filtration. The metabolic sequelea of T2DM and CKD also, synergistically, alter skeletal muscleճ degradative pathways, satellite cell function (muscle reparative cells), and mitochondrial health (muscle energetic machinery) -- resulting in muscle breakdown, poor muscle quality, …

Exploring H.Pylori Seropositivity As A Risk Factor For Type 2 Diabetes, Virginia Chaidez, Yumou Qiu

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background: In the US, the percentage of adults with diagnosed diabetes are higher in members of racial and ethnic minority groups compared to non-Latino Whites. Understanding why such disparities exist has been less forthcoming.

Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000 cross-sectional data.

Results: H.pylori seropositivity was highest in Mexican Americans (43.7%), lowest in non-Hispanic Whites (18.1%). Diabetes was highest in non-Hispanic Blacks (5.9%); lowest in non-Hispanic whites (4.3%). H.pylori seropositivity was associated with greater likelihood of having type 2 diabetes (1.927, 95% CI 1.142, 3.257) compared to H.pylori negative in …

Inhibition Of Inflammatory Rage Signaling In Breast Cancer And Metabolic Diseases, Owen Willis

Open Access Theses

The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) is normally expressed at low levels, but is highly expressed in a variety of inflammatory states. RAGE has been implicated in pathogenic progression of cancer and various metabolic diseases, and therefore provides a potential therapeutic target in these disease states. RAGE knockout (RKO) mice are viable and display no developmental defects, suggesting therapeutic targeting of RAGE to be a viable approach. Our lab has identified two RAGE inhibitors that can be used in both in vitro and in vivo models: FPS-ZM1 (FPS) and TTP-488 (TTP). Previously, our lab has established one of these …

Molecular Pathways Of Β-Cell Function And Proliferation, Jeffery S. Tessem

BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference

Areas of Interest: Defining molecular pathways to expand functional β-cell mass as a treatment for diabetes

Chelation Therapy To Prevent Diabetes-Associated Cardiovascular Events, Denisse Diaz, Vivian Fonseca, Y. Wady Aude, Gervasio A. Lamas

School of Medicine Publications

Purpose of review

For over 60 years, chelation therapy with disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, edetate) had been used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) despite lack of scientific evidence for efficacy and safety. The Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT) was developed and received funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to ascertain the safety and efficacy of chelation therapy in patients with CVD.

Recent findings

This pivotal trial demonstrated an improvement in outcomes in postmyocardial infarction (MI) patients. Interestingly, it also showed a particularly large reduction in CVD events and all-cause mortality in the prespecified …

L-Citrulline Supplementation: Impact On Cardiometabolic Health, Timothy D. Allerton, David N. Proctor, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Tammy R. Dugas, Guillaume Spielmann, Brian A. Irving

Faculty Publications

© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Diminished bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), the gaseous signaling molecule involved in the regulation of numerous vital biological functions, contributes to the development and progression of multiple age-and lifestyle-related diseases. While L-arginine is the precursor for the synthesis of NO by endothelial-nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), oral L-arginine supplementation is largely ineffective at increasing NO synthesis and/or bioavailability for a variety of reasons. L-citrulline, found in high concentrations in watermelon, is a neutral alpha-amino acid formed by enzymes in the mitochondria that also serves as a substrate for recycling L-arginine. Unlike L-arginine, …

Niemann-Pick C1, Its Connection To Obesity, And Its Impact On Human Evolution, Joseph Joshua Castillo

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Niemann-Pick type-C disease is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease that classically presents in the first decade, leading to ataxia, vertical-gaze palsy, loss of communication skills, epileptic seizures, and eventually death. The stark reality about NPC disease underlines the important role the NPC1 protein plays in whole-body lipid homeostasis. It is no surprise, then, that the NPC1 gene has been associated with other diseases as well, such as obesity, diabetes, and Ebola virus infection. In this manuscript, a connection will be made that intertwines genetics, biochemical and molecular mechanisms, physiology, and evolutionary pressures, and will explain how a gene, discovered …

How To Manage Blood Sugar; Establishing Healthy Defaults, Julie Hiller

All Student-Created Educational Resources

The pamphlet educates the audience on strategies to use in managing blood sugar through diet and exercise. This handout introduces the concept of healthy defaults. Suggestions are made on how to implement food and exercise healthy defaults into daily life. Education is also provided on the glycemic index (GI) and low GI foods are suggested.

It Begins With You, Pre-Diabetes Prevention Creating Life Long Healthy Habits, Debbie Safra

All Student-Created Educational Resources

When adults are faced with choices they often choose what is familiar or their go-to favorite. This brochure is intended to educate and provide helpful alternatives to change a habit to help prevent metabolic disorders such as; pre-diabetes and diabetes.

Prevalence And Trend In Alcohol Use Disorders In Japanese Diabetic Patients, Hajime Koyano, Yasuko Koyano

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Screening tests such as AUDIT for drinking behavior and alcohol dependence should be conducted for patients suspected of alcohol-related problems even during routine care of diabetes.

Empowering Culturally Specific Needs And Barriers In Diabetes Education As Identified By Polish Speaking Patients, Bernadeta Agnieszka Kapustka

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Diabetes is a serious chronic disease that poses a major public health problem. Ethnic minorities are at increased risk for developing diabetes and diabetes complications compared to the general population. Patient education is essential for self-management and for tackling this growing epidemic, yet not enough patients are receiving effective diabetes education. The Polish patient population have unmet needs for diabetes education that is specific to their cultural beliefs and dietary habits. Culturally specific diabetes education should address differences in lifestyle and health behaviors that are unique to every ethnic, cultural, and religious group. Diabetes education classes for Polish speaking patients …

Motivational Interviewing And Diabetes, Mary E. Beaudry

DNP and Student Works

Approximately 7.8 million patients over age 20 are diagnosed every year with Type Two Diabetes (DMII) in the United States. Eighty-six million Americans aged 20 and over are at risk for developing DMII due to pre-diabetic conditions (ADA, 2018). These statistics are grim. Diabetes has the potential to affect every system in the body, and if not managed properly, can lead to major complications such as renal failure, blindness, cardiac complications, and skin issues. Patients with diabetes often do not realize the importance of following their plan of care to avoid these serious complications.

Diabetes Education, Audra Trump

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) has been shown to improve diabetes management. However, a Midwest academic clinic does not offer formal diabetes education. The health department offers formal diabetes education classes twice a year. However, the classes are not flexible, long, and offered infrequently. Objective: The purpose of this project is to improve access to and standardize DSME for patients newly diagnosed with type II diabetes. Methods: The project design includes a one group pre-test/post-test convenience sample of adult patients who are newly diagnosed with type II diabetes in an academic outpatient setting. Results: At the time of diagnosis, the …

Text Message Intervention For Latino Adults To Improve Diabetes Outcomes In An Urban Free Clinic Setting, Sharon R. Allen

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Introduction: This text message intervention sought to help patients at a free clinic in the Southeastern U.S. that have uncontrolled diabetes (DM) (A1C > or = 7) improve their DM clinical and behavioral outcomes, and thereby help them to live healthier, more hopeful and productive lives as they deal daily with this chronic illness. Eight weeks of educational text messages were sent to help improve DM care and outcomes. Method: Free clinic patient Latino adults with DM (n=25) pre-post one group design. Results: Statistically significant results (p < .05) were seen in three (SKILLD, p=.001, DSES, p = .000, and SDSCA, p = .042) of the four tools/surveys administered. A1C improvements were significant from the pre-intervention (M = 9.10, SD = 1.51) and the trended post-intervention values/results (M=8.26, SD = 1.29, t [21] = 2.79, p = .0110). Discussion: Does personalized communication, education and follow up for patients at the free clinic improve diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy and self-care? This text message intervention shows great promise to improve outcomes for diabetes self-management.

Quick Screen Of Patients' Numeracy And Document Literacy Skills: The Factor Structure Of The Newest Vital Sign, Yen-Ming Huang, Olayinka O. Shiyanbola, Paul D. Smith, Hsun-Yu Chan

Faculty Publications

The Newest Vital Sign (NVS) is a survey designed to measure general health literacy whereby an interviewer asks six questions related to information printed on a nutritional label from an ice cream container. It enables researchers to evaluate several health literacy dimensions in a short period of time, including document literacy, comprehension, quantitative literacy (numeracy), application, and evaluation. No study has empirically examined which items belong to which latent dimensions of health literacy in the NVS using factor analysis. Identifying the factor structure of the NVS would enable health care providers to choose appropriate intervention strategies to address patients’ health …

Prevalence Of Prediabetes, Diabetes, And Its Associated Risk Factors Among Males In Saudi Arabia: A Population-Based Survey, Khaled K. Aldossari, Abdulrahman Aldiab, Jamaan M. Al-Zahrani, Sameer H. Al-Ghamdi, Mohammed Abdelrazik, Mohammed Ali Batais, Sundas Javad, Shanila Nooruddin, Hira Abdul Razzak, Ashraf El-Metwally

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objectives: The study aims at determining the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes and at ascertaining some concomitant risk factorsamong males in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study including 381 Saudi adult males from different institutions was recruited. Odds ratios for diabetes risk and risk factors were calculated using log-binomial and multinomial logistic regression, using STATA version 12.
Results: The participants included 381 diabetic males with a median age of 45 years, average body mass index of 25 ± 40 kg/m², whereas waist circumferences ranged from 66 to 180 cm in the male study population. In addition, 27.82% …

The Management And Treatment Of Hypertension In Patients With Diabetes, Margaret E. Krasowski

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

A Behavioral Lifestyle Intervention Enhanced With Multiple-Behavior Self-Monitoring Using Mobile And Connected Tools For Underserved Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes And Comorbid Overweight Or Obesity: Pilot Comparative Effectiveness Trial, Jing Wang, Chunyan Cai, Nikhil Padhye, Philip Orlander, Mohammad Zare

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Self-monitoring is a cornerstone of behavioral lifestyle interventions for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mobile technology has the potential to improve adherence to self-monitoring and patient outcomes. However, no study has tested the use of a smartphone to facilitate self-monitoring in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus living in the underserved community.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of and compare preliminary efficacy of a behavioral lifestyle intervention using smartphone- or paper-based self-monitoring of multiple behaviors on weight loss and glycemic control in a sample of overweight or obese adults …

Culturally Sensitive Diabetic Group Education, Kelly Marie Flores

Doctoral Projects

This study assessed the effectiveness of a culturally sensitive type 2 diabetes group education program delivered to Hispanic women in Merced County. Design: A pre-test post-test design. Purposeful sampling was used. Fifteen Hispanic women from a Merced County outpatient clinic were invited to participate in a culturally relevant group education workshop over a 6-week period. Four (N=4) women accepted the invitation, completed the educational workshop, and participated in the assessments. Topics discussed in the education sessions included: (1) diabetic diet, (2) exercise, (3) blood sugar monitoring, (4) medication, and (5) preventative health. A knowledge check was completed by …

Epid 7131 - Epidemiology Of Chronic Disease, Jian Zhang

College of Public Health: Faculty Syllabi (2014-2021)

This course is designed to introduce the student to the ever-expanding area of chronic disease epidemiology. Students will be introduced to the current status of chronic disease and control programs, methods used in chronic disease surveillance, intervention methods, and modifiable risk factors. Some of the major chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, diabetes and arthritis will be discussed in detail.

Pediatric Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus: Examining The Upward Trend, Allison Foering

Senior Honors Theses

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in pediatric onset of type II diabetes. This paper will examine elements contributing to this trend. Type II diabetes will be discussed, including related pathophysiology, manifestations, diagnosis, and complications, with differentiation between adult and pediatric onset. Possible prevention and treatment methods appropriate for pediatric patients will also be discussed, along with possible outcomes in pediatric patients that could result from this disease. Overall, this paper will provide insight on the causes of this growing trend, and ways to improve the risks imposed on pediatric patients.

The Risks You Toss When Getting Lean, Une Applied Nutrition Program

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This handout illustrates the risks associated with overweight and obesity as well as evidence for how losing weight can reduce these risks. This is meant to be a motivational handout for those looking to improve their health through weight loss. The information in this handout is completely evidence-based and cites the articles from which each fact came so as to provide additional reading materials for those looking to learn more about their health and the benefits of losing weight.

Diabetes Prevention Is In Your Hands: Steps Families Can Take To Prevent Diabetes Now!, Martha Medrano

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This pamphlet informs the reader of basic steps to take to begin lifestyle changes to prevent diabetes. It takes on a whole family approach therefore parents may use for children at risk for diabetes type 2. In the back, this pamphlet provides the contact information for a dietitian in their clinic.

Agribusiness, Food Insecurity, And Chronic Diet-Related Ailments In Worcester, Ma: Toward A Nuanced Narrative, Adam Wriggins

Sustainability and Social Justice

The following research paper begins with an acknowledgement of the global food crisis and, more specifically, the agribusiness model of food production and distribution in the United States. It then zeroes in on the fundamental issues with many of the United States food movements. It then outlines a narrative with the frame that food security is a human right by elucidating concepts of food justice and food sovereignty. Once this foundation has been laid, the paper examines chronic food-related ailments (diabetes and coronary heart disease) in Worcester, Massachusetts, and how these ailments are related to racial/ethnic minorities (Black and Hispanic/Latino …

Exploring Health Related Lifestyle Habits And Influences In Rural India, Priyanka Aranha

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) diabetes in India is projected to increase from 31.7 million in 2000 to 79.4 million in 2030. This drastic growth clearly outlines the need for an increase in both awareness and education. Purpose: The purpose of this project was to collaborate with the non-governmental organization, Mysore Resettlement and Development Agency (MYRADA), to develop an understanding of the perspective towards diabetes in the Chitradurga District. Methods: Focus groups were developed within eight villages to discuss lifestyle behaviors (i.e. level of physical activity, leisure time, occupation, nutritional habits, alcohol and tobacco …

Seychelles: Diabetes, Camille Myers

Global Public Health

One of the major health problems in Seychelles, a cluster of islands off the coast of Eastern Africa, is diabetes. There are many different types of diabetes, but the most common type to this region is Type 2 diabetes. At this time Seychelles, and many other countries in Africa, have about half of the adult population diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Along with the diagnosis of diabetes being a problem, people in Seychelles often go undiagnosed for a while because they are ignorant to the risks and the symptoms of the disease. Only about 50% of the population with pre-diabetic …