Digital Commons Network^™

Probabilistic Modeling Of Democracy, Corruption, Hemophilia A And Prediabetes Data, A. K. M. Raquibul Bashar

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Parametric analysis of any real-world data is the most powerful tool to characterize the probabilistic behavior in social, economic, medical, epidemiological, and other areas of study. In the present study, we identify the theoretical Probability Distribution Function(PDF) for Democracy Index Scores (DIS) from the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) database and estimate the maximum likelihood estimates of the theoretical PDFS. We also identify the individual PDFs for each of the clusters, Full Democracy, Flawed Democracy, Hybrid Regime, and Authoritarian Regime defined by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU).

A statistical model is a convenient instrument to predict the future value of any …

Hyperinsulinemia, Cancer And Maqui Berry: The Promise Of Nutritional Supplementation, Brett Deters, Mir Saleem

Biology Faculty Articles

Nutritional supplementation has long been studied as a possible treatment alternative or as an adjunct to the standard treatments for common ailments and diseases. According to the latest research, the Chilean maqui berry, Aristotelia chilensis, has been shown to reduce postprandial insulin levels by as much as fifty percent. The berry, which has been shown to be as effective as metformin at increasing insulin sensitivity and controlling blood glucose levels, follows a simple mechanism of action that involves the inhibition of sodium dependent glucose transporters in the small intestine, slowing the rate at which sugars enter the bloodstream and thereby …

Observing Growth Effects Of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor On Human Retinal Pericytes In Vitro, Anjalee Choudhury, Andrew Tsin, Zachary Perez, Fransisco Elisarraras

School of Medicine Publications

The purpose of this study is to investigate and determine the role of PEDF in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy as induced by advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Human retinal pericytes were isolated from donors and will be measured for cell proliferation under the influence of PEDF both in the presence and absence of AGEs. Expected outcomes involve both the maintenance and increased survival of HRPs after treatment with PEDF under stimulated hyperglycemic conditions.

Assessment Of Childhood Obesity Prevalence And Prevention Efforts In A Wisconsin Tribal Community, Simone Tucker, Lauren Lamers, Mph, Phd

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

American Indian children experience disproportionately high rates of obesity, yet tribal communities often lack capacity to utilize local obesity data to guide prevention efforts. It is estimated the prevalence of childhood obesity in a Wisconsin tribal community and identified local school-based obesity prevention initiatives. Height and weight data were collected for children ages 2-19 years through routine screenings at local Head Start centers and schools. Weight status was determined based on BMI percentile according to year 2000 CDC growth charts.

Summary statistics and chi-square tests were generated to examine differences in obesity prevalence by age and gender. An environmental scan …

Provider Autonomy Support Across Adolescence: Impacts On Health Outcomes Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes, Christina J. Nicolais

Open Access Dissertations

More than 200,000 youth in the United States have type 1 diabetes (T1D; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017), with approximately 17,900 newly diagnosed cases between 2011 and 2012. Treatments are complex, including multiple daily insulin injections or insulin pump use, monitoring of blood glucose levels and carbohydrate intake, and exercise (Wysocki, Buckloh, & Pierce, 2017). Only 21% of adolescents in the United States meet American Diabetes Association recommended goals for glycemic control (Wood et al., 2013). Multiple factors influence adherence in adolescence and subsequent health outcomes, including normative developmental tasks, parental involvement, and transition readiness. Research suggests that …

A Quality Improvement Project To Enact Evidence-Based Guidelines To Improve Documentation Of Hemoglobin A1c For Inpatient Diabetes Populations, Karyn C. Kinney

Master's Projects

The purpose of this paper is to describe a quality improvement project aimed to improve the documentation of hemoglobin A1c in the discharge instructions for patients with a diagnosis of diabetes prior to a transition from the acute care setting. Clinical practice guidelines from the American Diabetes Association and patient education recommendations from The Joint Commission are the impetus for this process improvement. The Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) model was utilized to identify, design, and implement the process change in collaboration with an interprofessional team. The documentation rate of hemoglobin A1c was measured on two medical-surgical inpatient hospital units both pre- and …

Effectiveness Of Educational Intervention On Diabetic Knowledge & Hba1c Levels On Kenyan Adults With T2dm, Sabina Jeruto Bett

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background

Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease affecting millions of people globally, which causes many long-term complications such as high blood pressure, chronic kidney disease, improper wound healing and loss of sight. Literature supports that most people, in general and diabetic patients specifically, in Africa, including Kenya are currently not taught about the importance of proper management of their disease. Therefore, many have difficulty following treatment plans, resulting in improper eating, poor glucose control, and diabetic complications. The limited knowledge concerning T2DM contributes to the negative impact this serious disease has on those who live …

Type 2 Diabetes (T2d), Janice Loney

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

ABSTRACT

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a devastating disease predisposing individuals to a myriad of serious health complications such as: heart disease, stroke, retinopathy, neuropathy, renal disease, dementia, amputation and early death. Diabetes care has a major economic impact worldwide, as a future family nurse practitioner (FNP) patient education on T2D risk factors, disease process and medical management are vital to halt this growing epidemic. A literature search was conducted and five peer reviewed articles were chosen addressing T2D pathophysiology, risk factors, effects of self-care behaviors and emerging treatment options.

Focused efforts from the literature reviews indicate education and adherence …

Body Mass Index Z-Score Modifies The Association Between Added Sugar Intake And Arterial Stiffness In Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: The Search Nutrition Ancillary Study, Natalie S. The, Sarah C. Couch, Elaine M. Urbina, Jamie L. Crandell, Angela D. Liese, Dana Dabelea, Grace J. Kim, Janet A. Tooze, Jean M. Lawrence, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis

Faculty Publications

The relationship between added sugar and arterial stiffness in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has not been well-described. We used data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (SEARCH), an ongoing observational cohort study, to determine the association between added sugar and arterial stiffness in individuals diagnosed with T1D(n = 1539; mean diabetes duration of 7.9 ± 1.9 years). Added sugar intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire, and arterial stiffness measures included pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index. Separate multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between added sugar and arterial stiffness. …

Learning To Live With Diabetes: Educative Intervention For Improving Self-Management, Lidia G. Compean-Ortiz, Diane C. Berry, Beatriz Del Angel, Jose Rivera-Perez, Paulina Aguilera

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

This abstract will discuss the urgently need for improving self-management in people with diabetes from Mexico through an educative intervention. Assisting participants in self-management to build their skills may decrease morbidity and mortality and decrease future health care costs. Through this intervention, participants received valuable information on diabetes self-care behaviors.

Predictors And Missed Opportunities For Blood Glucose Screening Among African Americans: Implications For Church-Based Populations, Alexandria G. Bauer, Jannette Berkley-Patton, Carole Bowe Thompson, Kelsey Christensen

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

African Americans (AAs) are disproportionately diagnosed with prediabetes, diabetes, and related complications. Guidelines for prediabetes/diabetes screening emphasize reaching at-risk adults. The AA church has potential to increase reach of BGS with AA church members and community members. The current study identified predictors of blood glucose screening (BGS) and individuals with missed opportunities for BGS among church-affiliated AA adults. Participants were drawn from a previous pilot study (Project Faith Influencing Transformation) conducted in six AA churches over eight months. Eligibility criteria included self-identifying as AA and being aged 18 or older. Participants who had previously been diagnosed with diabetes were excluded, …

Training And Development Of Undergraduate Researchers To Address Diabetes Health Disparities Using Geographical Information Systems, Barbara Ann Graves

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

This presentation will describe faculty perspective of innovative and interprofessional development and training of undergraduate researchers focused on addressing social determinants of diabetes health disparities. It will discuss use of geographical information systems as emerging technology for nursing research, student research mentoring, and the scope of student research involvement.

West Virginia’S Sugary Drink Tax: Examining Print Media Frames In Local News Sources, Lauri Andress, Ogaga Urhie, Christine Compton

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Framing is an important aspect of the policy process that helps the public and decision makers sort through and resolve highly charged claims about an issue. Through slight changes in the presentation of issues, a framing effect may alter public support. The way a proposed sugary drink tax is discussed in public discourse and by the media significantly influences policy acceptance. Given the public health significance of obesity and diabetes in West Virginia (WV) the study of media frames employed to represent a sugary drink tax policy is useful.

Methods: Using quantitative content analysis, this study assessed news articles—published …

Part I: Complete Dentures And Diabetes Correlation, Ibeth Erazo

Publications and Research

Diabetes is one of the most frequent pathologies that dentists encounter, due to its high prevalence worldwide. The aim of this study is to present the correlation between diabetes and complete denture wearers, intending to emphasize the importance of proper control and denture adaptation to oral environment for this type of patient. Within the sphere of the dental office, one of the main complications to consider in this type of patient is periodontal disease, which is their most frequent complication. Other important oral manifestations considered in the research are fungal infections, xerostomia, and burning mouth syndrome. It is common for …

Prevalence Of Prediabetes, Diabetes And Its Predictors Among Females In Alkharj, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study., Jamaan M. Al-Zahrani, Abdulrahman Aldiab, Khaled K. Aldossari, Sameer Al- Ghamdi, Mohammed Ali Batais, Sundas Javad, Shanila Nooruddin, Nida Zahid, Hira Abdul Razak, Ashraf El- Metwally

Department of Surgery Docs

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: T
he prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions across the globe. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes, together with its accompanying risk factors, among young females.
METHODS:
An exploratory cross-sectional survey was conducted with 638 Saudi females in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. Statistical analysis was carried out using STATA version 14. Odds ratios for the risk of diabetes and associated factors were calculated using log-binomial and multinomial logistic regression. Standardized prevalence and strata-specific prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes for different risk factors were also calculated.
FINDINGS:
The study revealed that nondiabetics …

Effect Of Diabetic Counseling Based On Conversation Map As Compared To Routine Counseling On Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy And Diabetic Distress Among Patients With Diabetes In Pakistan: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Study Protocol), Rubina Qasim, Sarfaraz Masih, Mehwish Hussain, Akhter Ali, Ajmal Khan, Yousaf Shah, Hakim Shah, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background:
Novel interactive and pictorial health education tool named Diabetes Conversation Map (DCM) might be effective for the improvement of diabetes management self-efficacy (DMSE) and diabetes distress (DD) among diabetic patients in lower middle-income setting. This study protocol will assess the effectiveness of DCM as compared to routine care (RC) to improve DMSE, decrease DD and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods:
This will be two arms randomized controlled trial, conducted at national institute of diabetes and endocrinology (NIDE) in Karachi, Pakistan. A sample of 120 T2DM patients of age 30–60 years with suboptimal diabetes …

The Effects Of Hyperlipidemia On Β-Cells, Andrew Barlow, Trevor Lloyd, Mason Poffenbarger, Austin Ricks, Dr. Jeffery Tessem

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Diabetes’ prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate. Normally, insulin-secreting β-cells in the pancreas regulate proper glucose absorption and storage. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are characterized by decreased functional β-cell mass and insulin production (1). Diabetes also results in increased circulating glucose and fatty acid levels, which damage and destroy β-cells over time (2). Our study sheds further light on the palmitate and oleate-induced effects of gradually worsening hyperlipidemia and the mechanisms behind those effects; ultimately, promoting investigation into methods by which existing β-cells could be protected from harmful hyperlipidemia.

Serum Apolipoproteins And Apolipopprotein-Defined Lipoprotein Subclasses: A Hypothesis-Generation Prospective Study Of Cardiovascular Events In Type 1 Diabetes, Arpita Basu Phd, Ionut Bebu Phd, Alicia J. Jenkins Md, Julie A. Stoner Phd, Ying Zhang Md; Phd, Richard L. Klein Phd, Maria F. Lopes-Virella Md; Phd, W. Timothy Garvey Md, Matthew J. Budoff Md, Peter Alaupovic Phd, Timothy J. Lyons Md

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

Apolipoproteins and apolipoprotein-defined lipoprotein subclasses have been associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our main objective was to define associations of serum apolipoproteins and ADLS with any CVD and major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MACE) in a prospective study of T1D. Serum apolipoproteins and ADLS (14 biomarkers in total) were measured in sera (obtained 1997-2000) from a subset (n=465) of the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) cohort. Prospective associations of any CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke, confirmed angina, silent MI, revascularization, or congestive heart failure) and MACE (fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke), over 5942 and 6180 patient-years …

Functional Exercise Improves Mobility Performance In Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck, Caroline S. Blaum, Tisha Moore, Roger Brown, Andrzej Galecki, Debra Strasburg, Shu Chen, Neil B. Alexander

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Diabetes-related disability occurs in approximately two-thirds of older adults with diabetes and is associated with loss of independence, increased health care resource utilization, and sedentary lifestyle. The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the effect of a center-based functional circuit exercise training intervention followed by a 10-week customized home-based program in improving mobility function in sedentary older adults with diabetes.

Methods: Participants (n = 111; mean age 70.5 [7.1] y; mean body mass index 32.7 [5.9] kg/m²) were randomized to either a moderate-intensity functional circuit training (FCT) plus 10-week home program to …

Type 2 Diabetes Patients’ Need For Physical Activity Programming: A Qualitative Study At A Yogyakarta Hospital Clini, Novita Intan Arovah, Bernadeta Wara Kushartanti, Tracy L. Washington, Kristiann C. Heesch

Kesmas

Physical activity programs offered in Indonesian hospitals are often inadequate to help type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients meet international physical activity recommendations. This study aimed to identify T2D patients’ physical activity enablers and barriers, their preferences for, and experiences with, physical activity programming, with a view to developing future programs that are suited to these patients’ needs and preferences. Four focus groups were conducted with 28 patients (50% female) of the T2D clinic at the Local General Hospital of Yogyakarta. Discussions were thematically analysed in NVivo 10. The most reported types of physical activity were walking and participation in the …

Whole Blueberry Protects Pancreatic Beta-Cells In Diet-Induced Obese Mouse, Weixiang Liu, Yiping Mao, Jacob Schoenborn, Zhihong Wang, Guiliang Tang, Xiaoqing Tang

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

Background

Blueberry is rich in bioactive substances and possesses powerful antioxidant potential, which can protect against oxidant-induced and inflammatory cell damage and cytotoxicity. The aim of this study was to determine how blueberry affects glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell proliferation in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.

Methods

Wild type male mice at age of 4 weeks received two different kinds of diets: high-fat diet (HFD) containing 60% fat or modified HFD supplemented with 4% (wt:wt) freeze-dried whole blueberry powder (HFD + B) for 14 weeks. A separate experiment was performed in mice fed with low-fat diet (LFD) containing 10% …

The Economics Of Weight Loss, Shivani Pandey

Undergraduate Economic Review

Obesity is now being considered one of the biggest health concerns globally. Ironically, while India records the largest no. of underweight population in the world along with China, it has also been placed in the top five countries in terms of obesity as per a new study by the Lancet Journal. Obesity entails various direct and indirect costs in terms of lower productivity and higher medical expenditure and has the potential to lower economic growth. This paper analyses the need for strengthening government regulations in the weight loss industry. After analyzing the causes of obesity and its negative effects on …

Fat For Life: The Development Of A Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Dietary Toolkit For Type 2 Diabetes In Rural Southeast Kansas, Curtis Beall

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Project

The purpose of this project was to identify the feasibility of a low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) diet in less affluent type 2 diabetics in rural Southeast Kansas, specifically, Crawford County. The author assessed this through the identification of the resources offered in Crawford County, and ultimately, the development of an LCHF dietary toolkit utilizing these resources. The toolkit offers an array of LCHF resources including compliant foods, grocery prices, shopping lists, phone applications, books, internet websites and blogs, accountability forums, and fitness centers. Upon completion of the dietary toolkit a select few healthcare providers directly involved with diabetes in Crawford County …

The Sweet Tale: A Pilot Study Of An Interactive Narrative Health Communication Intervention Using Positive Deviance To Highlight Communicative Acts That Lead To Effective Management Of Diabetes Among Hispanics, Claudia M. Boyd

Communication ETDs

In this dissertation, I conducted a pilot study that applied positive deviance (Singhal, 2011; Pascale, Sternin, & Sternin, 2012) findings from my master’s thesis (Boyd, 2015) to an entertainment-education (Singhal & Rogers, 1999) driven intervention in a Hispanic community (Baezconde-Garbanti et al., 2014; Murphy et al., 2013; Wang & Singhal, 2016), using an interactive narrative (Green & Jenkins, 2014) to develop achildren’s book. In the current pilot study, I created a children’s book The Sweet Taleusing extensive formative research and created a framework to aid in the development offuture Hispanic children’s books on diabetes. To evaluate The Sweet Tale, I …

Cardio-Metabolic Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Labour Migrants To The Middle East: A Scoping Review And Policy Analysis, Shiva Raj Mishra, Saruna Ghimire, Chandni Joshi, Bishal Gyawali, Archana Shrestha, Dinesh Neupane, Sudesh Raj Sharma, Yashashwi Pokharel, Salim S. Virani

Office of the Provost

This paper aims to explore the burgeoning burden of cardiovascular and metabolic disease (CMD) risk factors among South Asian labor migrants to the Middle East. We conducted a qualitative synthesis of literature using PubMed/Medline and grey literature searches, supplemented by a policy review of policies from the South Asian countries. We found a high burden of cardio-metabolic risk factors among the migrants as well as among the populations in the home and the host countries. For example, two studies reported the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) ranging between 9 and 17% among South Asian migrants. Overweight and obesity were highly …

The Impact Of Peer-Led Diabetes Education: A Quasi Pre Post Experimental Study, Stacey Bell Sloas

Student Theses and Dissertations

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic illness costing over $300 billion per year in the United States with an estimated 100 million individuals with diabetes or pre-diabetes. Complications due to diabetes place individuals at increased risk for heart attack, stroke, amputations, blindness, kidney failure, disability, and early death. Education has been shown to be effective in improving health behaviors that decrease complications due to diabetes. Common risk factors for development of diabetes are modifiable behaviors such as sedentary lifestyle and obesity. A peer-led approach to diabetes education has the potential to overcome multiple barriers to receiving education. Peer-led diabetes education …

Cardio-Metabolic Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Labour Migrants To The Middle East: A Scoping Review And Policy Analysis, Shiva Raj Mishra, Saruna Ghimire, Chandni Joshi, Bishal Gyawali, Archana Shrestha, Dinesh Neupane, Sudesh Raj Sharma, Yashashwi Pokharel, Salim S. Virani

School of Public Health Faculty Research

This paper aims to explore the burgeoning burden of cardiovascular and metabolic disease (CMD) risk factors among South Asian labor migrants to the Middle East. We conducted a qualitative synthesis of literature using PubMed/Medline and grey literature searches, supplemented by a policy review of policies from the South Asian countries. We found a high burden of cardio-metabolic risk factors among the migrants as well as among the populations in the home and the host countries. For example, two studies reported the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) ranging between 9 and 17% among South Asian migrants. Overweight and obesity were highly …

Pparγ And High Molecular Weight Adiponectin In White Adipose Tissue In An Obesity Model., Katelyn M. Mcdowell

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

Adiponectin is a protein secreted from adipose (fat) tissue. It is secreted into the blood as either a trimer (low molecular weight), hexamer (middle molecular weight) or an 18-mer (high molecular weight). Adiponectin, particularly the high molecular weight (HMW) isoform, has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity, which is important for maintaining healthy blood glucose levels. Adiponectin levels have been shown to be decreased in individuals who are obese, and this may play a role in the diabetes which often accompanies obesity. PPARγ is a protein that is highly expressed in white adipose tissue and is responsible for regulating portions …

Regional Variation In Comorbid Prediabetes And Diabetes And Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Individuals In Rural Bangladesh, Pakistan, And Sri Lanka, Liang Feng, Aliya Naheed, H. Asita De Silva, Imtiaz Jehan, Rubhana Raqib, Md Tauhidul Islam, Nathasha Luke, Anuradhani Kasturiratne, Hamida Farazdaq, Sahar Senan, Tazeen Jafar, Cobra-Bps Study Group

Community Health Sciences

We aimed to explore the cross-country variation in the prevalence of comorbid prediabetes or diabetes and determine the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors, especially body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, associated with comorbid diabetes in individuals with hypertension in rural South Asia. We analyzed cross-sectional data of 2426 hypertensive individuals of ≥40 years from 30 randomly selected rural communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between 100 and 125 mg/dL without use of antidiabetic treatment and diabetes as FPG ≥126 mg/dL or use of antidiabetic medication. The prevalence (95% CI) of …

Suffering In Silence: Is Gastroparesis Underdiagnosed?, Dennis J. Baumgardner

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

In this introduction to Volume 6, Issue 2, the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews offers additional comment to the clinical review of diabetic gastroparesis authored by Farmer and colleagues (p. 148), regarding the problem of undiagnosed disease. Increased awareness of this entity and appropriate questioning regarding symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis in the primary care setting may prevent the “suffering in silence” experienced by many patients with this complication.