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Cognitive And Psychological Reactions Of The General Population Three Months After The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake And Tsunami, Yasushi Kyutoku, Ryoko Tada, Takahiko Umeyama, Kenji Harada, Senichiro Kikuchi, Eiju Watanabe, Angela Liegey-Dougall, Ippeita Dan

Psychology Faculty Publications - Archive

Background The largest earthquake on record in Japan (magnitude 9.0) occurred on March 11, 2011, and the subsequent tsunami devastated the Pacific coast of Northern Japan. These further triggered the Fukushima I nuclear power plant accidents. Such a hugely complex disaster inevitably has negative psychological effects on general populations as well as on the direct victims. While previous disaster studies enrolled descriptive approaches focusing on direct victims, the structure of the psychological adjustment process of people from the general population has remained uncertain. The current study attempted to establish a path model that sufficiently reflects the early psychological adaptation process …

Research Brief: "Student Veterans: A National Survey Exploring Psychological Symptoms And Suicide Risk", Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This brief summarizes a scholarly article of the same name. It explores research pertaining to student veteran risk of PTSD and suicidal thoughts, and the unique stressors as they transition to being student veterans.

Under-Treatment Of Depression In Older Persons, Lisa C. Barry

UCHC Articles - Research

Abstract

Background

Due to the cross-sectional design of most existing studies, longitudinal characterization of treatment for depression in older persons is largely unknown.

Method

754 men and women (aged 70+ years) underwent monthly assessments of mental health professional use and 18-month assessments of antidepressant medication use and depressive symptoms over 9 years. Scores of ≥20 on the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale denoted depression. We evaluated trends in depression treatment over time in the entire sample and among the depressed participants. Using generalized linear models, we determined characteristics associated with receiving treatment for depression in these groups and among …

Preventing Mental Distress In The Military, Charles Nelson, Kate St. Cyr, Bradley Corbett, Elisa Hurley, Shannon Gifford, Jon D. Elhaid, J. Donald Richardson

RDC@Western Research Highlights

No abstract provided.

Conversion Disorder In A Depressed Patient: The Analysis Of Paralysis, Michael A. Chen Ph.D., David S. Im M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Patients presenting with neurologic and pseudoneurologic symptoms present both a diagnostic and treatment challenge. This case report describes the ER course of a man who presented with aphonia and paralysis, his medical clearance, transfer to the psychiatric ER and subsequent recovery. The history of conversion disorder and its characteristics are briefly reviewed, and the etiology of this patient's symptoms and a discussion of effective treatment plans are discussed.

The Somatization Of Depression In Native Pakistani Women, Rubeena H. Mian M.D., Linda S. Grossman Ph.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Previous studies have pointed out the comorbidity of somatization and depression among non-Western psychiatric patients. We studied the somatization of depression in Pakistani women. Two groups were studies: inpatients with DSM-III-R diagnoses of major depression and a comparison sample of women living in the community without psychiatric diagnoses. Both groups were administered a rating scale for somatization. Results indicated that patients reported significantly more somatic symptoms than nonpatients. These findings support the concept that somatization may be a cultural mode of mental distress among Pakistani women, as has been observed for other non-Western populations.

Ultradian Cycles Of Mood In Normal And Depressed Subjects, Donald P. Hall Jr., M.D., David Benedek M.D., Audrey Chang

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Objective: To study ultradian cycles of mood in four inpatient groups.

Method: We assessed the mood of depressed and nondepressed subjects, on an hourly basis, between 7:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m. for two consecutive days using a visual analog scale of mood. Hourly mood scores for each group were plotted against time.

Results: We found ultradian cycles with mean lengths of 3-4 hours in all groups. The major depressive episode and adjustment disorder depression groups, however, had ultradian cycles of significantly greater amplitude than ward staff.

Conclusions: Depressed patients demonstrate greater amplitude in ultradian cycles of mood than nondepressed subjects.

Dispositional Mindfulness In People Diagnosed With Cancer: The Relationship To Depressive Symptoms And Well-Being, Karen Kersting

Theses and Dissertations

Coping with a cancer diagnosis is known to be a stressful experience that can be related to declines in personal well-being and increases in distress. Dispositional mindfulness is known to be related to depressive symptoms and well-being. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between mindfulness and experiences of depressive symptoms and well-being in people recently diagnosed with cancer. Seventy-four participants who were diagnosed with cancer in the last 12 months completed an initial self-report survey, and 43 of those completed another survey 3 months later. Cross-sectional regression analysis showed that higher levels of mindfulness were …

Examining Social Anxiety And Depression Among Excessive Online Gamers, Nathan Sharer

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The main purpose of this study was to examine the correlations between social anxiety, depression, and other psychological factors among online gamers in order to better understand the differences between excessive gamers (whose habits interfere with relationship, occupational, social, or health issues) and enthusiastic gamers (who spend much of their free time playing games but do not report any significant functional impairment as a result). A literature review revealed diverse conceptualizations of excessive gaming as well as differing opinions of what classifies gaming to be excessive/addicting/problematic, suggesting a need to more specifically analyze gaming habits in terms of coexisting pathology …

The Influence Of Social Support On Depression Among Seniors Over 65 Living In Their Homes, Marilene Reed

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of social support on depression among seniors over 65 years of age living in their homes. As part of the aging process, most elderly will face many losses and stresses such as the loss of income, family and friends, and the decline of health and mental capacities.

Self-Report Anxiety And Depression Ratings Among Adolescents With An Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparison Of Individuals With And Without A History Of Sexual Offending, Stephanie N Marshall

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The following study seeks to determine if there are differences in anxiety and/or depression symptoms between adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who have been adjudicated for a sexual offense compared to adolescents with an ASD who are not adjudicated. The scores of 26 adolescent offenders diagnosed with an ASD were compared to the scores of 14 non-offending adolescents with an ASD on the following measures: The Behavioral Assessment System for Children- Second Edition (BASC-2) depression and anxiety subscales, and the Beck's Depression Inventory- Second Edition (BDI-II). An examination of whether broad band (BASC-2) vs. narrow band (BDI-II) measures …

Cognitive Reappraisal Ability As A Protective Factor: Resilience To Stress Across Time And Context, Allison S. Troy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Emotion regulation is crucially involved in individuals' psychological health. For example, the frequent use of cognitive reappraisal, or changing the way one thinks about an emotional event, is positively associated with psychological health. Recent cross-sectional findings have shown that the ability to use cognitive reappraisal (cognitive reappraisal ability; CRA) is associated with lower depression in the context of high stress. However, two important questions about CRA remain unexamined: 1) Does CRA predict long-term adjustment to stress? 2) Do the protective effects of CRA depend upon the type of stress encountered? To examine these questions, a community sample of men and …

Attachment Patterns And The Development Of Depression: Path Analysis Of Avoidant And Ambivalent Models, Jessica Lynn Taylor

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Two attachment-based models of depression were tested with path analysis. In the first model, it was proposed that avoidant attachments to one’s father and mother and a family milieu supporting the suppression of feelings would influence one’s attachment to partner and level of shame, making one susceptible to depression. In the second model, it was proposed that ambivalent attachments to one’s father, mother, and partner would influence one’s levels of rumination and shame, making one susceptible to depression. Data were from a previous study and consisted of 126 participants’ de-identified Beck Depression Inventory-II and Attachment and Clinical Issues Questionnaire scores. …

Study To Identify Indicators Of Suicidal Ideation And Its Relation To Self-Perceived Quality Of Life Among Select Populations Of The Physically Disabled, Nicholas Joseph Ballew

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study is to explore cognitive variables in select populations of the physically disabled to detect suicidal ideation. In contrast to the majority of studies focusing mainly on physical or vegetative symptomology, this study focused purely on the cognitive, emotional, psychosocial aspects of schema leading up to suicidal ideation. The purpose of this project will be an attempt to implement the use of a cognitive tool aimed at physically disabled populations and place this tool in the hands of professionals, physicians and loved ones to the affect of identifying and reducing suicidal ideation within this population. The …

Cognitive Organization, Perceptions Of Parenting And Depression Symptoms In Early Adolescence, M. N. Lumley, David J. A. Dozois, K. H. Hennig, A. Marsh

Psychology Publications

Despite its strong relation to depression and theorized development across childhood and adolescence, cognitive schema organization has not been explored in early adolescence, a sensitive developmental period for first depression onset. Schema organization is theorized to derive from childhood cognitive internalizations of caregiving relationships, such as critical parenting experiences (e.g., Young et al. in Schema therapy: a practitioner’s guide. Guilford Press, New York, 2003). Thus, the current investigation considers the organization of positive and negative schemas with youth’s perceptions of parental warmth and psychological control and self-reported emotional functioning. Participants were 198 boys and girls aged 9–14 years who completed …

Core Beliefs, Self-Perception, And Cognitive Organization In Depressed Adolescents, David J. A. Dozois, Julie A. Eichstedt, Kerry A. Collins, Elizabeth Pheonix, Kimberley Harris

Psychology Publications

The relationships between cognitive products (e.g., self-perception) and cognitive structure (or organization) in clinically depressed adolescents and nonpsychiatric controls (average age = 14.68) were examined. Adolescents with major depressive disorder showed significantly higher scores than did controls on the Young Schema Questionnaire domains of Disconnection, Impaired Autonomy, and Impaired Limits. These individuals also demonstrated poorer self-concept than controls on scholastic abilities, social acceptance, athletic competence, physical appearance, job competence, behavioral conduct, and global self-worth, as well as perceptions of limited social networks. The organization of self-referent adjectives was more tightly interconnected for negative content and less interconnected for positive content …

Differences In Risk-Taking In A Trauma Exposed Population, Ruth Anna Viehoff

ETD Archive

Previous studies have shown that depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with a variety of risk-taking behaviors. However fewer studies have examined how comorbidity between the two disorders can differentially affect risk-taking. This study examined the relationship between depression, PTSD, past risk-taking, and perceived benefits of risk to further determine how comorbidity affects risk behaviors. It was expected that individuals who displayed symptoms of depression and PTSD would report more past risk-taking and associate greater benefits with taking risks. Depression symptoms were found to significantly predict past drug use. This suggests that comorbid individuals who report more depressive …

Stigma Against People With Depression, It's Effect On Test Performance, And Role Models' Influence On This Effect, Katya Ariano

Theses & ETDs

Researchers have described the phenomenon of stereotype threat as the feeling that one will be judged according to a stereotype or do something to confirm that stereotype. The current study looks at how role models may be able to negate stereotype threat for people with depression in test-taking situations. There was a final sample of 41 participants, each of whom was assigned to one of four conditions (Role Model/Stereotype Threat, No Role Model/Stereotype Threat, Role Model/No Stereotype Threat, or No Role Model/No Stereotype Threat). The participants took a survey (according to which condition they were randomly assigned) containing three passages …

Health Effects Associated With Foreclosure: A Secondary Analysis Of Hospital Discharge Data, Nancy Menzel, Sheniz Moonie, Melva V. Thompson-Robinson

Nursing Faculty Research

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the health effects of high home foreclosure rates in an area of the United States of America and the utility of hospital discharge data for this purpose. Methods. We analyzed hospital discharge data from three postal zip codes using the principal diagnosis for 25 Diagnostic Related Groups associated with stress. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize hospital discharge rates for each condition by year and zip code. To test for differences across time, the Cochran-Armitage trend test was performed. Results. Most conditions did not demonstrate a statistical change between …

Explaining The Longitudinal Association Between Puberty And Depression: Sex Differences In The Mediating Effects Of Peer Stress, Colleen S. Conley, Karen D. Rudolph, Fred B. Bryant

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

This research investigated whether exposure to peer stress serves as one pathway through which pubertal development contributes to depression over time, differentially for girls and boys. Youth (N = 149; 9.6–14.8 years) and their caregivers provided information at two waves, 1 year apart, on puberty (Wave 1), peer stress (occurring between Waves 1 and 2), and depression (Waves 1 and 2). Structural equation modeling analyses examined sex differences in the extent to which peer stress mediated the impact of pubertal status and timing on subsequent depression (i.e., tests of moderated mediation). Significant sex-moderated mediation was found for both pubertal status …

Associations Between Anxious-Depressed Symptoms And Cardiovascular Risk Factors In A Longitudinal Childhood Study, Sandra Louise, Nicole Warrington, Pamela Mccuskie, Wendy Oddy, Stephen Zubrick, Beth P. Hands, Trevor Mori, Laurent Briollais, Sven Silburn, Lyle Palmer, Eugene Mattes, Lawrence Beilin

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objective.To examine the influence of anxious/depressed scores on cardiovascular risk factors throughout childhood.

Methods. Data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study, a study of 2900 pregnancies recruited between 1989 and 1991, were used. Anxious-depressed scores (derived from the Childhood Behavior Checklist), body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were measured at 5 (n=1681), 8 (n=1697), 10 (n=1575) and 14 (n=1386) years. At age 14 depressive symptom scores (Beck Depression Inventory for Youth), anxious-depressed scores (Youth Self-Report (YSR) and Teacher Report Form (TRF)) and fasting lipid, glucose and insulin were also available. Cross sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted. …

Coping Styles In Patients With Anxiety And Depression, Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi, Haider Ali Naqvi, Abaseen Khan Afghan, Talha Khawar, Farooq Hasan Khan, Umber Zaheer Khan, Urooj Bakht Khuwaja, Jawad Kiani, Hadi Mohammad Khan

Department of Psychiatry

Different individuals use different coping styles to cope with their problems. In patients with anxiety and/or depression, these have important implications. The primary objective of our study was to estimate the frequency of different coping mechanisms used by patients with symptoms of anxiety and depression. A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted and patients with symptoms of anxiety and depression were identified using the Aga Khan University's Anxiety and Depression Scale (AKUADS). Coping styles were determined by using the 28-item Brief COPE inventory. We were able to recruit 162 people. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was found to be 34%. …

Predicting Depressive Symptoms From Acculturative Family Distancing Theory : A Study Of Adult Taiwanese Parachute Kids, Hsin-Hua Lee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The current study applied Hwang's (2006a) theory of Acculturative Family Distancing (AFD) to adult Taiwanese parachute kids (Hamilton, 1993), partially replicating and extending Hwang et al.'s (2010) study, which tested relations among AFD, family conflict, and depression. The term parachute kids refers to individuals who immigrated to North America as children or adolescents unaccompanied by parents. It was hypothesized that greater cultural value incongruence and communication breakdown, constructs measured by Hwang's (2006b) AFD Scale, would predict greater family conflict, as measured by the Family Conflict subscale of the Social Interaction Scale (SIS-FC; Kessler et al., 1994), and family conflict would …

Predictors Of Depressive Symptomatology, Substance Use, And Delinquency Among Sexually Maltreated Youth : The Roles Of Socioenvironmental Risk, Social Support, And Peer Rejection, Melissa Ramrattan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Drawing upon multiple waves of data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW), the present study sought to examine the longitudinal relations among socioenvironmental risk, social support, peer rejection, and various mental health outcomes (e.g., depressive symptoms, substance use, and involvement in delinquent acts) in a sample of 269 sexually maltreated youth between the ages of 10 and 14 at Wave 1. Research has demonstrated relationships among child sexual abuse, internalizing symptoms, and externalizing symptoms. However, much of what is known about the association between child sexual abuse and psychopathology has come from studies in which child …

Effects Of Depression And Life Factors On Social Network Score In Elderly People In Çankaya, Ankara, Meti̇n Canbal, İrfan Şencan, Ayfer Şahi̇n, Şeyda Kunt, Umut Yücel Çavuş, Oğuz Teki̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: Social interaction is an important factor in the physical and mental health of seniors. This study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of depression and life factors on the social networking scores of elderly people. Materials and methods: Tests for the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were given to 116 elderly people (>=60 years) in the Çankaya area of Ankara between March and May of 2010. The effects of life factors and GDS scores on LSNS scores were explored. Results: Among the study group, 46.5% of the individuals were male and …

Obesity Prevention Among Latino Youth: School Counselors’ Role In Promoting Healthy Lifestyles, Amy Cook, Laura Hayden

Counseling, School Psychology & Sport Faculty Publication Series

Given the burgeoning obesity problem among Latino youth and concomitant health problems (Spiotta & Luma, 2008), school counselors have begun to recognize the need for culturally sensitive programming to promote healthy lifestyles. More theoretical, evidence-based programs are needed, however, to ensure Latino youth receive appropriate interventions and services. This study provides a review of three theoretical perspectives and obesity prevention programs with recommendations to school counselors for implementing a comprehensive obesity prevention program for Latino youth.

Overweight, Obesity, And Mental Illnesses: Weight Loss Treatment, Michelle Huang

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

For the past 30 years, overweight and obesity has increased at alarming rates in the general population. This public health crisis has affected persons with mental illnesses as it has those in the general population. Little is known about how individuals with psychiatric problems respond to weight-loss treatment compared to the general population. The current study examines the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral group weight-loss intervention with such individuals. The study also examines self-esteem, motivation, and the involvement of a support person in treatment as predictor variables. The treatment was shown to be effective regardless of depression severity. However, while all …

Health Effects Associated With Foreclosure: A Secondary Analysis Of Hospital Discharge Data, Nancy N. Menzel, Sheniz Moonie, Melva V. Thompson-Robinson

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the health effects of high home foreclosure rates in an area of the United States of America and the utility of hospital discharge data for this purpose. Methods.We analyzed hospital discharge data from three postal zip codes using the principal diagnosis for 25 Diagnostic Related Groups associated with stress. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize hospital discharge rates for each condition by year and zip code. To test for differences across time, the Cochran-Armitage trend test was performed. Results. Most conditions did not demonstrate a statistical change between 2005 and 2008. …

Depression, Anxiety, And Symptom Profiles Among Female And Male Victims Of Sexual Violence, Ekta Choudhary, Merideth Smith, Robert M. Bossarte

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Perceived Need Of Mental Health Care Identified Residents, Administrators, And Direct Care Staff Of An Assisted Living Facility , Clarissa Nicole Gayer

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

No abstract provided.