Digital Commons Network^™

Association Of Depression And Life Satisfaction With Low Resilience Among Married Women Of Karachi, Pakistan, Shireen Shehzad, Nida Zahid, Iqbal Azam Syed, Nargis Asad, Rozina Karmaliani Professor, Omrana Pasha

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background:

The concept of resilience is very crucial in promoting positive psychological well-being. However, this construct was never looked among married women of Karachi, Pakistan. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and the associated risk factors of resilience in Pakistan.

Methods:

It was a cross-sectional survey, using the Wagnild Resilience Scale (RS) to assess resilience, Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) for measuring depression and Trait Wellbeing Inventory for determining Life Satisfaction. Systematic sampling was employed to enroll 636 participants of aged 20 to 40 years living in two urban squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan. Prevalence ratio was computed …

The Abcs Of Stress Responding: Examining The Time Course Of Affective, Biological, And Cognitive Responses To Induced Stress As Prospective Predictors Of Depressive Symptoms, Marissa Erin Rudolph

Clinical Psychology Dissertations

Vulnerability-stress models of depression posit risk for depression is characterized by the presence of underlying affective, biological, and cognitive vulnerabilities that become activated during life stress exposure. Extant research has shown heightened reactivity to stress across these vulnerability domains predicts depression; however, little is known whether the persistence of and failure to down-regulate these maladaptive stress responses conveys greater risk of depression than initial reactivity alone. The current study examined associations between the time course of responses to a laboratory stress induction and depressive symptoms. I hypothesized that prolonged maladaptive responses to the stressor across affective (state negative affect; NA), …

Research Brief: "Receipt Of Employment Services Among Veterans Health Administration Users With Psychiatric Diagnoses", Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This study found that about four percent (4.2%) of VHA users with psychiatric diagnoses accessed employment services in a given year. VHA patients with a psychiatric diagnosis of schizophrenia had higher odds of accessing employment services relative to VHA users with other psychiatric diagnoses, including PTSD, depression, and other anxiety disorders. In practice, veterans should be aware that receiving VHA employment services should not affect VA benefits and should discuss their medical and financial benefits with benefits advisors and other appropriate advisors. In policy, Policymakers could consider allocating funds to further study the efficacy and effectiveness of various employment services …

Daily Minority Stress And Affect Among Gay And Bisexual Men: A 30-Day Diary Study, Adam I. Eldahan, John E. Pachankis, H. Jonathan Rendina, Ana Ventuneac, Christian Grov, Jeffrey T. Parsons

Publications and Research

Background. This study examined the time-variant association between daily minority stress and daily affect among gay and bisexual men. Tests of time-lagged associations allow for a stronger causal examination of minority stress-affect associations compared with static assessments. Multilevel modeling allows for comparison of associations between minority stress and daily affect when minority stress is modeled as a between-person factor and a within-person time-fluctuating state.

Methods. 371 gay and bisexual men in New York City completed a 30-day daily diary, recording daily experiences of minority stress and positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and anxious affect (AA). Multilevel analyses examined …

Parent Predictors Of Adolescents’ Explanatory Style, C. E. Vélez, E. D. Krause, S. M. Brunwasser, D. R. Freres, R. M. Abenavoli, Jane Gillham

Psychology Faculty Works

The current study tested the prospective relations (6-month lag) between three aspects of the parent-child relationship at Time 1 (T1) and adolescents’ explanatory styles at Time 2 (T2): caregiving behaviors, parents’ explanatory style for their own negative events, and parents’ explanatory style for their children’s negative events. The sample included 129 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years at baseline and their parents. Adolescents reported on their own explanatory style and their parents’ caregiving behaviors; parents self-reported on their caregiving behaviors and their explanatory style for their own and their children’s events. Regression analyses identified maternal acceptance as a significant predictor …

Linking Emotional Distress To Unhealthy Sleep Duration: Analysis Of The 2009 National Health Interview Survey, Azizi A. Seixas, Joao V. Nunes, Collins O. Airhihenbuwa, Natasha J. Williams, Seithikurippu Ratnas Pandi-Perumal, Caryl C. James, Girardin Jean-Louis

Publications and Research

Objective The objective of the study was to examine the independent association of emotional distress with unhealthy sleep duration (defined as <7 or >8 hours). Methods Data from the 2009 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a cross-sectional household survey, were analyzed to investigate the associations of emotional distress with unhealthy sleep durations, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health risks, and chronic diseases through hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis. Participants A total of 27,731 participants (age range 18–85 years) from the NHIS 2009 dataset were interviewed. Measures Unhealthy sleep duration is defined as sleep duration <7 or >8 hours, whereas healthy sleep is defined as sleep …

We'll See You Tomorrow, Devin N. Garnick

SURGE

On July 14th, 2015, Hannah climbed to the top of Half Dome, a stunning rock formation that rises thousands of feet above the valley floor at Yosemite National Park. She had talked about wanting to climb to the top of this breathtaking cliff for years and frequently mentioned that she had to tackle this feat “before she died.” I was amazed and proud to see photos of her impressive accomplishment, and wondered what she might achieve next. On July 21st, 2015, Hannah committed suicide. [excerpt]

Relations Among Gender-Typical And Gender-Atypical Uses Of Aggression, Popularity, And Depression, Melissa Murphy

Kaleidoscope

The purpose of this study was to investigate how types of bullying engaged in by high school students (relational, physical, or verbal aggression) vary with gender and how they may be related to a student’s social status. Children in the ninth grade, from four different Kentucky high schools, were administered various measures as part of a larger study on social development in their own classroom. Measures used in our analysis included a bully and victim self-reported narrative, Bullying Questions and Belonging Questionnaire, and a Peer Nomination Scale. Results indicated that females used more relational aggression than males, and males used …

Treating Chronic Depression: Using Empirically Supported Treatments That Work, Gary A. Sibcy Phd

Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Technology-Based Behavioral Vaccine To Prevent Adolescent Depression: A Health System Integration Model, Benjamin W. Van Voorhees, Tracy Gladstone, Stephanie Cordel, Monika Marko-Holguin, William Beardslee, Sachiko Kuwabara, Mark Allan Kaplan, Joshua Fogel, Anne Diehl, Chris Hansen, Carl Bell

Publications and Research

Efforts to prevent depression have become a key health system priority. Currently, there is a high prevalence of depression among adolescents, and treatment has become costly due to the recurrence patterns of the illness, impairment among patients, and the complex factors needed for a treatment to be effective. Primary care may be the optimal location to identify those at risk by offering an Internet-based preventive intervention to reduce costs and improve outcomes. Few practical interventions have been developed. The models for Internet intervention development that have been put forward focus primarily on the Internet component rather than how the program …

Latino In The U.S.: Do Ethnic Identity And Family Support Protect Against Ethnic Discrimination?, Yajaira Johnson-Esparza

Psychology ETDs

Latinos currently account for 16% of the total U.S. population and are projected to account for 25% by 2050. Despite the growth in population, Latinos continue to experience discrimination based on their ethnicity. Prior research has found that ethnic discrimination is associated with adverse effects on mental health, including increased risk of depression. The present study investigated the relationship between perceived ethnic discrimination and past year depression among U.S.-born and foreign-born Latinos using data from the National Latino and Asian American Survey (NLAAS). It also examined how ethnic identity and family support mediated the relationship between ethnic discrimination and depression. …

Depressive Symptoms And Walking In African‐Americans, Elisa R. Torres, Carolyn M. Sampselle, Harold W. Neighbors, David L. Ronis, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Although increased frequency of physical activity is associated with fewer depressive symptoms in African‐Americans, most studies do not focus on a specific type of activity. Identifying the activity can provide helpful information for designing interventions that focus on depressive symptoms. The objective of this study was to examine the odds of depressive symptoms in relation to walking in African‐Americans.

Design and Sample

A secondary analysis was performed on the National Survey of American Life. The sample was made up of community‐dwelling African‐American women (n = 1,903) and men (n = 1,075) who did not meet the DSM‐IV‐TR …

Familial Depression And Adhd In Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Melissa Smith

Honors Scholar Theses

This study explored the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in toddlers and familial depression, specifically maternal depression. The data on toddlers in this study were collected from the Early Detection of Autism Study at the University of Connecticut. It was hypothesized that there would be a significant relationship between toddlers’ ASD diagnoses and familial depression compared to families with non-ASD toddlers. More specifically, it was hypothesized that there would be a significant relationship between ASD diagnoses and maternal depression, due to the challenges and stressors that result from taking care of toddlers with ASD. This study’s findings did not …

Examining The Relationship Between Bicultural Stress, Mental Well-Being, Perceived Social Support, And Education Among People Of African Descent, Zemed Beraki Berhe

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Studies investigating the bicultural experiences of people of African descent are significantly underrepresented in the literature. The primary purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between experiences of bicultural stress and mental well-being. In investigating this relationship, perceived social support and education were examined as protective factors, and its relationship to bicultural stress for this population. With the ultimate goal of this information contributing to the understanding of bicultural processes within this population and the relationship to mental health outcomes. A non-experimental (non-randomized) research design was utilized to examine the study research questions and hypotheses. The participants …

Selection Of Depression Measures For Use Among Vietnamese Populations In Primary Care Settings: A Scoping Review, Jill Murphy, Elliot M. Goldner, Charles H. Goldsmith, Pham Thi Oanh, William Zhu, Kitty Corbett, Vu Cong Nguyen

Dartmouth Scholarship

Depression is an important and growing contributor to the burden of disease around the world and evidence suggests the experience of depression varies cross-culturally. Efforts to improve the integration of services for depression in primary care are increasing globally, meaning that culturally valid measures that are acceptable for use in primary care settings are needed. We conducted a scoping review of 27 studies that validated or used 10 measures of depression in Vietnamese populations. We reviewed the validity of the instruments as reported in the studies and qualitatively assessed cultural validity and acceptability for use in primary care. We found …

Eye Contact And Social Anxiety Disorder, Julia Kane Langer

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The psychoevolutionary theory of social anxiety disorder (SAD) predicts that individuals with SAD will avoid eye contact to communicate submissiveness. However, direct testing of gaze avoidance in individuals with higher social anxiety through behavioral observation or measurement has produced mixed findings. The goals of this dissertation are to test one of the components of the psychoevolutionary theory, namely, that gaze avoidance is employed by people with SAD, as well as to test whether positive affect may play a role in regulating gaze avoidance. Specifically, based on prior research supporting the role of positive affect in regulating exploratory behavior, I hypothesized …

Familial Religious Practices, Religiosity, Family Connectedness, Parent Conflict, And Their Relation To Depressive Symptoms In An Adolescent Sample, Alice Cathryne Long

Theses and Dissertations

In recent decades, research on family life and religion has been conducted. Much of the research done on religion and well-being has shown beneficial effects of religion or religious practices on well-being (Bonner, Koven, & Patrick, 2003; Loser, Klein, Hill, & Dollahite, 2008). Using data from the Flourishing Families Project (N = 359 adolescents), the relationship between religious variables (family religious practices, family religious importance and religiosity), family climate measures (family connectedness and parent conflict) and adolescent depressive symptoms was examined. Results indicate no significant relationship between religious variables and adolescent depressive symptoms, but a positive relationship between parent conflict …

Influence Of Maternal Childhood Adversity On The Psycho-Neuroendocrine-Inflammatory Profile During Pregnancy, Karen J. Kotz, Herbert L. Mathews, Linda Witek Janusek

Sigma Foundation for Nursing Research Grant Reports

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among maternal childhood adversity, psychological, and neuroendocrine-immune processes during pregnancy; and to explore the impact of maternal stress on neonatal outcomes (birthweight and gestational age). In addition, the modifying effect of maternal social support was examined.

Abnormal Emotional Reactivity And Reward Sensitivity In Major Depressive Disorder: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials, Daniel Justin Foti

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with abnormal neural activity elicited by affective stimuli and reward, yet results have been inconsistent across studies and have at times been contradictory. Discrepancies may be due in part to the wide range of laboratory paradigms and stimuli that have been used. The current study examined this issue by recording event-related potentials across a battery of four tasks within a single MDD sample. First, using two emotional reactivity tasks, the moderating effect of the personal relevance of stimuli was examined; normative and idiographic affective stimuli were contrasted. Second, using two environmental feedback tasks, monetary …

The Mental Health Of Children And Adolescents : Report On The Second Australian Child And Adolescent Survey Of Mental Health And Wellbeing, David Lawrence, Sarah Johnson, Jennifer Hafekost, Katrina Boterhoven De Haan, Michael Sawyer, John Ainley, Stephen R. Zubrick

Wellbeing

Based on a survey conducted in the homes of over 6,300 families with children and/or adolescents aged 4 to 17 years, this report presents a comprehensive picture of the mental health of young Australians. It documents the prevalence and type of mental health problems, the impact of those problems on families and young people themselves and the role of health and education services in providing assistance. While the primary sources of information were parents and carers, the survey also engaged directly with young people 11 years and older who completed their own survey. This information provides unique insights about aspects …

Learning To Learn And Naming Through Receptive And Expressive Identification, Kelli Perry

Dissertations

Poor or no language skills are typical of most preschool children with autism (American Psychological Association, 2013). Language can be divided into the two components of receptive, or listener, skills and expressive, or speaker, skills. Recommendations for sequencing language instruction vary across the different behavior-analytic instructional models (Lovaas, 1981; Barbara & Rasmussen, 2007; Sundberg & Partington, 1998; Sundberg, 2008). The current study sought to examine those recommendations using young children (three- to four-years-old) with limited vocal repertoires and to explore the acquisition of learning to learn (Harlow, 1949) and naming (Greer & Ross, 2007). This research (1) adds to the …

Effects Of A Clinician Referral And Exercise Program For Men Who Have Completed Active Treatment For Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Engage)., Patricia M. Livingston, Melinda J. Craike, Jo Salmon, Kerry S. Courneya, Cadeyrn J. Gaskin, Steve F. Fraser, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Suzanne Broadbent, Mari Botti, Bridie Kent, Engage Uro-Oncology Clinicians' Group

School of Nursing and Midwifery

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a clinician referral and exercise program in improving exercise levels and quality of life for men with prostate cancer. METHODS: This was a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial in Melbourne, Australia comprising 15 clinicians: 8 clinicians were randomized to refer eligible participants (n = 54) to a 12-week exercise program comprising 2 supervised gym sessions and 1 home-based session per week, and 7 clinicians were randomized to follow usual care (n = 93). The primary outcome was self-reported physical activity; the secondary outcomes were quality of life, anxiety, …

Mer Depré, Margaret Orr

Theses

Mer Depré is an experiment to see if the essence of the experience of depression can be captured through film. Inspired by personal experiences, it invites the viewer to enter a world of darkness and anxiety.

The creation of Mer Depré began with sound. A rough soundtrack was used to create the bones of the film before visuals were laid on top. Most of the animation was done using stop motion techniques. When animating, the process was as important as the end result, and many different materials were used to create various effects. The compositing process compiled all of the …

Social Determinants Of Depression Among Hispanic Women, Giovanna Cecilia De Oliveira

Open Access Dissertations

Depression is the number one cause of disability in the world, affecting over 350 million people. It is characterized by mood changes, alteration in self-attitude, cognitive functioning, sleep, appetite, and energy level, and causes impairment in social and occupational functioning and a decrease in the quality of life of the depressed person, family, and friends. Across different societies and social contexts throughout the world, depression affects significantly more women than men. The situation is similar in the U.S., where women are 70% more likely than men to experience depression during their lifetime. The age of onset of depression in women …

The Zombie Lawyer Apocalypse, Peter H. Huang, Corie Rosen Felder

Pepperdine Law Review

This article uses a popular cultural framework to address the near-epidemic levels of depression, decision-making errors, and professional dissatisfaction that studies document are prevalent among many law students and lawyers today. Zombies present an apt metaphor for understanding and contextualizing the ills now common in the American legal and legal education systems. To explore that metaphor and its import, this article will first establish the contours of the zombie literature and will apply that literature to the existing state of legal education and legal practice — ultimately describing a state that we believe can only be termed “the Zombie Lawyer …

Food Security, Depression And Quality Of Life In Northern Plains Indians, Jacqueline S. Gray, Kevin Gonzaga, James G. Penland, Henry C. Lukaski, Patty Stensland

Journal of Indigenous Research

Major health disparities, high levels of poverty and food insecurity exist in many Native American and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) communities. Relatively little research has been done on these issues and possible relationships between them. A research program was designed with the objective of exploring the relationships between these various issues, if any existed, in one sub-group of AI/AN. In the study, the incidence of food insecurity was determined in a convenience sample of Northern Plains Indians (NPI) and correlated with measures of physical and mental health, body composition, quality of life, cultural identification and dietary intakes. Participants were 458 adult …

Ketamine For The Treatment Of Depression In Patients Receiving Hospice Care: A Retrospective Medical Record Review Of Thirty-One Cases., Alana Iglewicz, Katherine Morrison, Richard A. Nelesen, Tingting Zhan, Boris Iglewicz, Nathan Fairman, Jeremy M. Hirst, Scott A. Irwin

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Depression is prevalent in patients receiving hospice care. Standard antidepressant medications do not work rapidly enough in this setting. Evidence suggests that ketamine rapidly treats treatment refractory depression in the general population. Ketamine׳s role for treating depression in the hospice population warrants further study.

METHODS: A retrospective medical record review of 31 inpatients receiving hospice care who received ketamine for depression on a clinical basis was conducted. The primary outcome measure was the Clinical Global Impression Scale, which was used retrospectively to rate subjects׳ therapeutic improvement, global improvement, and side effects from ketamine over 21 days. Additionally, time to …

Stay-At-Home-Fathers Navigating Depression: A Consensual Qualitative Research Study, William Douglas Meyers Caperton

Dissertations (1934 -)

Evidence suggests that the practices through which men are socialized to become masculine may serve both to restrict their potential in ways that lead to psychological distress, and also to restrict the ways in which they respond to such distress (Addis & Mahalik, 2003; Mahalik, Good, Tager, Levant, & Mackowiak, 2012; O’Neil, 2008). While we are beginning to understand masculine depression (Cochran & Rabinowitz, 2000; Magovcevic & Addis, 2008) and paternal depression (Paulson & Bazemore, 2010; Ramachandani & Psychogiou, 2009), almost nothing is known about how SAHFs experience depression, nor their experiences and beliefs regarding help-seeking and psychotherapy. The trend …

The Association Of Racial Identity And Locus Of Control With Eating Attitudes And Obesity In African American College Women, Jamie Grisham

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

African-American women have been disproportionately affected by the obesity epidemic in the United States, and studies have suggested that sociocultural factors may have a negative influence on weight and weight loss efforts. Relatedly, other studies have found that African-American women have reported feeling less motivated to lose weight than other ethnic groups. Previous research has also indicated that locus of control plays a role in some health outcomes for African America women. The current study aimed to examine the impact of Black identity, external locus of control, and exercise motivation on obesity in African-American college women. Uncontrolled eating and exercise …

Research Brief: "Ptsd And Depression Symptoms Are Associated With Binge Eating Among Us Iraq And Afghanistan Veterans", Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This brief summarizes a scholarly article of the same name. It reviews research which assesses the prevalence of binge eating among US Veterans of OEF/OIF and how those symptoms are related to PTSD and depression.