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Depression And Body Mass Index, Differences By Education: Evidence From A Population-Based Study Of Adult Women In The U.S. Buffalo-Niagara Region, Ashley Wendell Kranjac, Jing Nie, Maurizio Trevisan, Jo L. Freudenheim

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

The relationship between obesity and depression is well described. However, the evidence linking depression and body mass index (BMI) across the broad range of body size is less consistent. We examined the association between depressive symptoms and BMI in a sample of adult women in the Buffalo-Niagara region between 1997 and 2001. Using logistic regression, we investigated whether increased weight status beyond normal-weight was associated with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, and if educational attainment modified the association between obesity and depression. There was a trend for increased weight status to be associated with higher depressive symptoms (obese II/III, …

The Role Of Stress And Inflammation In Depression In Hispanics With Chronic Heart Failure, Samira Moughrabi

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Introduction: Depression is a common comorbidity in heart failure (HF) and is commonly associated with increased inflammation leading to poor outcomes. Lowsocioeconomic status (SES) and stress are common in Hispanics but have not adequately been described in those with HF. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine depression and its relationship with socioeconomic status, stress, and inflammation in Hispanics with HF.

Methods: 55 patients (71.62+/-11.33;74.5% male; 31% Hispanic) with HF were assessed for their perceived stress (PS) using PSS, CRP serum levels, and education level and yearly income as indices of SES. Descriptive data and t-test and chi-square …

Mediating Role Of Resilience In The Relationship Between Depression And Perceived Psychological Health In Patients With Heart Failure, Pei-Shan Tsai, Shan-Ying Wu, Ling-Yin Chang

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Session presented on Monday, November 9, 2015 and Tuesday, November 10, 2015:

Background: Depression is associated with a poor prognosis and reduced quality of life in patients with heart failure. Improving resilience may facilitate lessening the negative consequences associated with depression. However, the role of resilience in the relationship between depression and perceived health status in patients with heart failure remains unknown.

Objectives: To examine the relationships among depression, resilience, and perceived health status in patients with heart failure and to determine whether resilience plays a mediating or a moderating role in the relationship between depression and perceived health status. …

Integrated Nursing Program Improves Symptom Distress, Depression, And Heart Rate Variability In Patients With Heart Failure, Hui Ling Hsieh, Chi-Wen Kao

Biennial Convention (CONV)

Session presented on Monday, November 9, 2015 and Tuesday, November 10, 2015:

Background: Physical symptoms of heart failure impair patients' functional capacity and affect their psychosocial well-being. A common comorbidity in heart failure patients is depression. Depression may contribute to a poor prognosis for patients with heart failure. In fact, depression is related to increased morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a "Integrated Nursing Program" on symptom distress, depression and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with heart failure.

Methods: Total of 78 heart failure patients …

An Examination Of The Specificity Of Economic Loss And Deprivation And Community Violence On Depressive Symptoms And Aggressive Behavior In Urban, Low-Income Adolescents, Jarrett T. Lewis

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Based on the current literature examining associations of stress and psychopathology in adolescents, several types of stress (e.g., violence exposure, economic-related stress) have been identified as particularly salient in lowincome, urban adolescent populations (Grant et al., 2003; Natz et al., 2012). This population also has been shown to be at heightened risk for problems including internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Identifying specific pathways through which urban, low-income adolescents develop specific emotional and behavior problems in response to particular stressors would be helpful in the development and selections of as the targets of interventions that disrupt mediators that link particular stressors to …

The Relationship Between Bmi, And Depression, Anxiety And Stress Represented By The Physiologic Indicators Of Vagal Response And Blood Pressure, Rebecca Jo Helmreich

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI), and depression, anxiety and stress represented by the physiologic indicators of vagal response and blood pressure. Depression, anxiety and stress are precursors for numerous poor outcomes that may be associated with physiologic changes in the autonomic vagal response that often result in perinatal complications. However, it is unclear why some women experiencing adversity remain resilient and have positive perinatal outcomes in spite of an over-abundance of life circumstances. Individuals with attenuated response to life obstacles may exhibit a lack of physiologic adaptability in response …

The Influences Of Spiritual Well-Being, Parental Rearing Attitude, And Coping Strategies On Usa College Students' Anxiety And Depression, Pi-Ming Yeh, Cheng-Huei Chiao

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Friday, July 24, 2015:

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to exam the relationships between college student's spiritual well-being, parental rearing attitude, and coping strategies with their anxiety and depression.

Methods: There were 330 college students recruited from a state university in the central USA including 79 male (23.9%) and 251 female (76.1%). The mean age was 25.20 (SD = 6.83). The data were collected by structured questionnaires. The SPSS 20 was used to do the data analysis.

Results: The statistical significant factors related to Anxiety include Spiritual well-being (r = -0.262, p ? 0.001), Positive …

Association Of Breastfeeding With The Risk Of Postpartum Depression: A Psychoneuroimmune Perspective, Sukhee Ahn, Elizabeth J. Corwin

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Monday, July 27, 2015:

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of stress response, immune, and depressive symptoms, and explore the relationships among these variables in women predominantly breastfeeding or bottle feeding at 6 month postpartum.

Methods: This is a part of a larger longitudinal study across 6 months postpartum investigating the psychoneuroimmunology of postpartum depression. One hundred nineteen postpartum women who met inclusion/exclusion criteria were followed up from the prenatal period to postpartum 6 months. Data were collected during seven home visits occurring during the 3rd trimester (weeks 32-36) and on postpartum days …

Mindfulness-Based Meditations Versus Healthy Living After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Rct To Treat Post-Tbi Depressive Symptoms, Esther Bay

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Saturday, July 25, 2015:

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot intervention study was to conduct a preliminary evaluation of our adapted 8-week mindfulness-based group therapy (MBGT) intervention using randomization and a newly developed parallel 'healthy living after traumatic brain injury (HLA-TBI)' group intervention in persons with mild-to-moderate TBI. Our primary outcomeswere TBI and depressive symptoms, psychological functioning, and chronic stress.

Methods: Data were collected at baseline, and 8 and 12 weeks following the intervention.

Results: Results from paired t-test analysis by group revealed that there were significant mean reductions in depressive symptoms, chronic stress, and TBI symptoms …

Depression And Quality Of Life Outcomes Of Adolescents Post Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review, Joyce Kelly Graves

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Session presented on Monday, July 27, 2015:

Purpose: This systematic review summarizes the reported changes in depression and quality of life among adolescents post bariatric surgery. Also appraised were the choice of tools to measure depression and quality of life, length of follow-up, plus age and gender trends in bariatric surgery among adolescents.

Methods: Electronic searches in Medline, Cochrane, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched until November, 2014 for trials assessing depression and quality of life in adolescents after bariatric surgery. Grey literature and dissertations were not included.

Results: Ten studies, comprising of 347 subjects with an age range …

Impact Of Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback On Fmri Measures Of Cognitive Functioning In Depressed And Non-Depressed Individuals, Patrick Steffen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Evaluation of how well the academic objectives of the proposal were met The primary objectives of this project was to examine neurological changes in depressed individuals who were randomized to either a psychotherapy plus Heart Rate Variability (HRV) biofeedback training or to a treatment as usual group. A control group with no history of depression was also studied. In the past two years, we were able to collect psychological, physiological, and imaging data from 30 participants (10 in an experimental group, 10 in a treatment as usual group, and the other 10 in a healthy control group) at baseline and …

The Interactive Effect Of Major Depression And Nonsuicidal Self-Injury On Current Suicide Risk And Lifetime Suicide Attempts, Anne C. Knorr, Matthew T. Tull, Michael D. Anestis, Katherine L. Dixon-Gordon, Mary F. Bennett, Kim L. Gratz

Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study examined the main and interactive effects of MDD and lifetime nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) on current suicide risk and past suicide attempts. We predicted that individuals with a history of NSSI and current MDD would be at greater suicide risk than those with either risk factor alone. An interaction between lifetime MDD and NSSI was hypothesized for past suicide attempts.

Methods: 204 substance dependent inpatients completed self-report measures and a diagnostic interview.

Results: Patients with both a history of NSSI and current MDD, relative to all other groups, had the greatest suicide risk. No support …

Relationship Of Optimism And Suicidal Ideation In Three Groups Of Patients At Varying Levels Of Suicide Risk, Jeff C. Huffman, Julia K. Boehm, Scott R. Beach, Eleanor E. Beale, Christina M. Dubois, Brian C. Healy

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Optimism has been associated with reduced suicidal ideation, but there have been few studies in patients at high suicide risk. We analyzed data from three study populations (total N=319) with elevated risk of suicide: (1) patients with a recent acute cardiovascular event, (2) patients hospitalized for heart disease who had depression or an anxiety disorder, and (3) patients psychiatrically hospitalized for suicidal ideation or following a suicide attempt. For each study we analyzed the association between optimism (measured by the Life-Orientation Test-Revised) and suicidal ideation, and then completed an exploratory random effects meta-analysis of the findings to synthesize this data. …

Molecular Analyses Of Circadian Gene Variants Reveal Sex-Dependent Links Between Depression And Clocks, S-Q Shi, M. J. White, H. M. Borsetti, Julie S. Pendergast, A. Hida, C. M. Ciarleglio, P. A. De Verteuil, A. G. Cadar, C. Cala, D. G. Mcmahon, R. C. Shelton, S. M. Williams, C. H. Johnson

Biology Faculty Publications

An extensive literature links circadian irregularities and/or sleep abnormalities to mood disorders. Despite the strong genetic component underlying many mood disorders, however, previous genetic associations between circadian clock gene variants and major depressive disorder (MDD) have been weak. We applied a combined molecular/functional and genetic association approach to circadian gene polymorphisms in sex-stratified populations of control subjects and case subjects suffering from MDD. This approach identified significant sex-dependent associations of common variants of the circadian clock genes hClock, hPer3 and hNpas2 with major depression and demonstrated functional effects of these polymorphisms on the expression or activity of the hCLOCK …

Shared Risk Factors For Mood-, Eating-, And Weight-Related Health Outcomes, A. B. Goldschmidt, M. Wall, T-H. J. Choo, Carolyn Becker, D. Neumark-Sztainer

Psychology Faculty Research

Objective: Given the overlap among depressive symptoms, disordered eating, and overweight, identifying shared risk factors for these conditions may inform public health interventions. This study aimed to examine cross-sectional and prospective relationships among these 3 conditions, and identify potential shared eating-related and psychosocial variable risk factors (i.e., body dissatisfaction, dieting, teasing experiences).

Method: A population-based sample (n = 1,902) self-reported depressive symptoms, disordered eating (binge eating, extreme weight control behaviors), weight status, and several putative risk factors (body satisfaction, dieting frequency, weight-related teasing) at 5-year intervals spanning early/middle adolescence, middle adolescence/early young adulthood, and early/middle young adulthood.

Results: There was …

Psychosocial Predictors Of Depression And Medication Adherence In People Living With Hiv, Sarah M. Henry

Open Access Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Depression is common in people living with HIV (PLWH) and is a primary predictor of poor adherence to HAART medications which brings serious health consequences. PLWH also tend to experience more stress and trauma in their lifetime, all of which have been implicated in the onset and exacerbation of depression and poor health behavior performance. Positive and negative psychosocial variables and coping strategies have been associated with psychosocial functioning and health behaviors suggesting that understanding the ways in which PLWH cope is key to understanding depression and health behavior performance within this population. Different coping techniques work differently depending …

Trying To Fit In: My Search For A Positive Social Identity Through Tintypes & Victorian Imagery, Nathaniel C. Roe

Theses and Dissertations

My artwork is my imagination reflected in the trappings of the Victorian era. The Victorian gaze comes from seeing a correlation between the social unrest in modern society and in the late nineteenth century. By basing the aesthetics of the tintypes in this thesis on the Victorian era, I am able to draw these parallels while at the same time making narrative statements about the feelings associated with being an outcast because of my sexuality. This artwork is influenced by other artists, such as the ParkeHarrisons and Cindy Sherman, who use self-portraits in a similar manner, exploring the idea of …

Management Of Depression In The Elderly: A Scoping Study, Aleesa Kittrell

DNP and Student Works

Background: Depression affects more than 6.5 million Americans age 65 or older. Nonpharmacological treatments may be effective within this patient population.

Objective(s): This paper examines the evidence related to 22 nonpharmacological treatments for depression in elderly patients.

Design: A scoping study of the literature was performed, using the framework created by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). Search databases included CINAHL, ProQuest, Cochrane Libraries, Academic Search Premier, PyscINFO, PsycARTICLES, SocIndex, Ovid, PubMed, and Science Direct.

Results: There were 158 articles deemed appropriate for this study. The evidence supports the use of cognitive therapy, life review, and problem-solving therapy. Although exercise is represented …

Effectiveness Of A Combined Dance And Relaxation Intervention On Reducing Anxiety And Depression And Improving Quality Of Life Among The Cognitively Impaired Elderly, Dina Adam, Ayiesah Ramli, Suzana

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: Cognitive impairment is a common problem among the elderly and is believed to be a precursor to dementia. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a combined dance and relaxation intervention as compared to relaxation alone in reducing anxiety and depression levels and improving quality of life (QOL) and cognitive function among the cognitively impaired elderly. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted between May and December 2013 in Peninsular Malaysia. Subjects from four government residential homes for older adults aged ≥60 years with mild to moderate cognitive function as assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination were included in …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Antenatal Depression Among Omani Women In A Primary Care Setting : Cross-Sectional Study, Mohammed Al-Azri, Iman Al-Lawati, Raya Al-Kiyumi, Maisa, Aisha Al-Rawahi, Robin Davidson, Abdullah Al-Maniri

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of antenatal depression and the risk factors associated with its development among Omani women. No previous studies on antenatal depression have been conducted in Oman. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between January and November 2014 in Muscat, Oman. Pregnant Omani women ≥32 gestational weeks who were attending one of 12 local primary care health centres in Muscat for routine antenatal care were invited to participate in the study (n = 986). An Arabic version of the validated self-administered Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale questionnaire was used to measure antenatal depression. …

Factors Affecting Depression Among Married Women Living In Urban Squatter Settlements Of Karachi, Pakistan, Shireen Shehzad, Salima Farooq, Yasmin Parpio, Rozina Karmaliani Professor, Nargis Asad, Iqbal Azam Syed, Omrana Pasha

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: Depression is one of the growing public health concerns among women worldwide. This is one of the most under-recognized and under-treated mental illnesses worldwide. Women of developing countries are inexplicably affecting with depression. Purpose: The purpose of study is to assess the prevalence and associative factors of depression among women of aged 20 to 40 years living in urban squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan. The identification of all the potential determinants will potentially help in formulating preventive strategies in order to decline the prevalence of depression among women and improve the well being of women.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional …

Neighborhood Matters: The Impact Of Hispanic Ethnic Density On Future Depressive Symptoms 1-Year Following An Acs Event Among Hispanic Patients, Ellen-Ge Denton, Jonathan Shaffer, Carmela Alcantara, Esteban Cadermil

Publications and Research

The Ethnic Density hypothesis posits that living around others from similar ethnic backgrounds reduces the risk of adverse mental health outcomes such as depression. Contrary to this hypothesis, previous work has shown that Hispanic ethnic density is cross-sectionally associated with increased depressive symptom severity among patients hospitalized with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS; myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris). To date, no study has examined the prospective association of Hispanic ethnic density on long-term depressive symptom severity following an acute medical event. We prospectively assessed the impact of Hispanic ethnic density on depressive symptoms, 1-year following an ACS event, among …

The Specificity Of Mental Pain In Borderline Personality Disorder Compared To Depressive Disorders And Healthy Controls, Eric A. Fertuck, Esen Karan, Barbara Stanley

Publications and Research

Background: Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) may experience a qualitatively distinct depression which includes “mental pain.” Mental pain includes chronic, aversive emotions, negative self-concept, and a sense of pervasive helplessness. The present study investigated whether mental pain is elevated in BPD compared to Depressive Disorders (DD) without BPD.

Methods: The Orbach and Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale (OMMP) was administered to BPD (N = 57), DD (N = 22), and healthy controls (N = 31). The OMMP assesses total mental pain, comprised of nine subtypes: irreversibility, loss of control, narcissistic wounds, emotional flooding, freezing, self-estrangement, confusion, social distancing, and emptiness. …

Depression In Mexican Americans With Diagnosed And Undiagnosed Diabetes, Rene L. Olvera, Susan P. Fisher-Hoch, Douglas E. Williamson, Kristina Vatcheva, Joseph B. Mccormick

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Depression and diabetes commonly co-occur; however, the strength of the physiological effects of diabetes as mediating factors towards depression is uncertain.

Method: We analyzed extensive clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data from n = 2081 Mexican Americans aged 35-64 years, recruited from the community as part of the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC) divided into three groups: Diagnosed (self-reported) diabetes (DD, n = 335), Undiagnosed diabetes (UD, n = 227) and No diabetes (ND, n = 1519). UD participants denied being diagnosed with diabetes, but on testing met the 2010 American Diabetes Association and World Health Organization definitions of diabetes. …

The Impact Of Foster Care On Depression: An Examination Of Placement Type And Mental Health Service Utilization Among Children And Adolescents, Kisha Cummings

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Background: Children and adolescents in foster care with a history of complex trauma such as neglect, emotional, physical, and sexual abuse have a greater odds of being clinically diagnosed with depression in adulthood compared to children and adolescents without such a history. The current study examines the prevalence of depression in a national sample of children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years. This study asks whether a) foster care is associated with a greater prevalence of depression among children and adolescents in foster care compared to children and adolescents not in foster care; b) there is an association between …

Perceived Cognitive Changes With Chemotherapy For Breast Cancer: A Pilot Study, Linda B. Piacentine, Judith Fitzgerald, Sara Haberlein, Alan S. Bloom

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine perceived cognitive functioning, fatigue, depression and general well-being among women before and after the initiation of chemotherapy for breast cancer compared to a sample of healthy women.

Method

This descriptive, repeated measures study compared women receiving chemotherapy and healthy women. Women completed measures of quality of life, fatigue, cognitive changes and depression.

Results

Before chemotherapy, women with cancer reported more fatigue and depression than healthy women. After chemotherapy, women with cancer reported decreased cognitive functioning accompanied by more fatigue and depressive symptoms than healthy women.

Conclusion

This study is one of …

Implementing Psychological Resilience Training In Law Incubators, M. Mark Heekin

Journal of Experiential Learning

No abstract provided.

Depression, Suicide, And Performance Monitoring: Identifying Neuroelectric Markers Of Suicidal Behavior, Kaylie Carbine, Michael Larson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

From 2000-2009, suicide mortality rates increased by 15% (Rockett, et al., 2012) and 98% of individuals who complete suicide have diagnosable psychopathology (Bertolote, Fleischmann, De Leo, & Wasserman, 2003). Individuals at risk for suicide exhibit cognitive impairments in decision-making and problem-solving abilities (Pollock & Williams, 2004; Jollant, et al., 2005). These cognitive deficits may be related to deficits in performance monitoring. Performance monitoring is the ability to continually assess behavior in order to make adjustments and improve performance. Performance monitoring is mediated by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which is related to cognitive control abilities. Furthermore, suicidal thoughts and behaviors …

Where Does The Time Go? An Investigation Of Self-Reported Time Allocation, Cory Stanton

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Depression is recognized as a substantial contributor to the global burden of disease, as well as economic productivity. Behavioral activation has been shown to be an efficacious treatment for depression, drawing on the work of early behavioral theorists and research on the quantitative matching law. Recently, scholars have called for increased theoretical rigor in conceptualizing psychological health, as well as increased conceptual and methodological dialogue between basic and applied researchers. The present study examined the validity of a novel self-report measure of time allocation, an extension of the matching law. A cross-sectional sample of 204 undergraduate psychology students completed measures …

Repeated Low-Dose Organophosphate Dfp Exposure Leads To The Development Of Depression And Cognitive Impairment In A Rat Model Of Gulf War Illness, Laxmikant Deshpande, Kristin Phillips

Neurology Publications

Approximately 175,000 to 250,000 of the returning veterans from the 1991 Persian Gulf War exhibit chronic multi-symptom illnesses that includes neurologic co-morbidities such as depression, anxiety and cognitive impairments. Amongst a host of causative factors, exposure to low levels of the nerve agent Sarin has been strongly implicated for expression of Gulf War Illness (GWI). Nerve agents similar to pesticides are organophosphate (OP) compounds. There is evidence from civilian population that exposure to OPs such as in agricultural workers and nerve agents such as the survivors and first-responders of the Tokyo subway Sarin gas attack suffer from chronic neurological problems …