Digital Commons Network^™

Molnupiravir Metabolite--N4 -Hydroxycytidine Causes Cytotoxicity And Dna Damage In Mammalian Cells In Vitro, Pholasit Chamod, Sutheera Sangsiri, Krittin Tangjittham, Pattranit Liu, Pakapon Mongkhonsakunrit, Jessada Pakotiprapha, Tanaboon Rimdusit, Onmanee Prajuabjinda, Saovapak Poomirat

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

N⁴-hydroxycytidine (NHC) is the active metabolite of molnupiravir—a new drug for COVID-19 treatment. NHC exerts antiviral activity by incorporating into SAR-CoV-2 RNA leading to false base-paring and lethal mutations to the virus. However, the risk of non-specific mutagenesis to host cells has been a concerned. The goal of this study is to detect cytotoxic activity and DNA damage induced by NHC in rapid-growing cells including human keratinocyte (HaCaT), and human adenocarcinomic alveolar basal epithelial (A549) cells in vitro by using sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric and comet assays. NHC induced cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner (0.1-30µM) in HaCaT and …

Facile Green Synthesis Of Cinnamomum Tamala Extract Capped Silver Nanoparticles And Its Biological Applications, Sajina Narath, S. Sharath Shankar, Saranya Kothaplamoottil Sivan, Bini George, T. Dennis Thomas, Sankarannair Sabarinath, Sajithkumar K. Jayaprakash, Stanisław Wacławek, Vinod V.T. Padil

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The plant mediated biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles is of magnificent concern due to its eco-benign and single pot nature. Here, Cinnamomum tamala (C. tamala) aqueous leaf extract was utilised for the silver nanoparticles’ (Ag NPs) synthesis. The phytoconstituents in the leaf extract were analysed by standard methods. These metabolites, especially carbohydrate polymers reduce Ag ions to Ag NPs accompanied by a reddish-brown coloration of the reaction mixture. The visual observation of intense brown colour is the first indication of the formation of Ag NPs. Various spectro-analytical techniques further characterise the Ag NPs. The green synthesised spherical Ag NPs were crystalline …

Intracellular Zinc Trafficking During Crotalus Atrox Venom Wound Development, Eric A. Albrecht, Jasmine D. Carter, Veronica Garbar, Abeeha Choudhary, Scott A. Tomlins

Faculty Articles

In this study, we examined zinc trafficking in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) stimulated with Crotalus atrox (CA venom) snake venom. We utilized MTS cytotoxicity assays to monitor the cytotoxic range of CA venom. HUVEC monolayers stimulated with 10 µg/mL CA venom for 3 h displayed cellular retraction, which coincided with 53.0 ± 6.5 percent viability. In contrast, venom concentrations of 100 µg/mL produced a complete disruption of cellular adherence and viability decreased to 36.6 ± 1.0. The zinc probe Fluozin-3AM was used to detect intracellular zinc in non-stimulated controls, HUVEC stimulated with 10 µg/mL CA venom or HUVEC …

Ethanol Extracts From Selected Tanzanian Medicinal Plants Selectively Inhibit Plasmodium Falciparum Growth In Vitro, Robert Christopher, Amina Msonga, Heinrich C. Hoppe, Fabrice F. Boyom

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study aimed to assess the in vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of ethanol extracts from the root barks, leaves and stem barks of seven medicinal plant species growing in Tanzania. The antiplasmodial activities of extracts against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and multidrug-resistant (Dd2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum were determined using a SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay, while the cytotoxicity of active extracts was determined against the human HepG2 cell line using a resazurin-based assay. Out of twenty-one extracts screened, two of them, namely, DFRE from Dracaena fragrans root bark (IC50Pf3D7 = 2.4 mg/mL) and EHSE from Erythrina haerdii stem bark (IC50Pf3D7 …

Interactions Between Silica And Titanium Nanoparticles And Oral And Gastrointestinal Epithelia: Consequences For Inflammatory Diseases And Cancer, Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-Da-Silva, Leticia Ferreira Cabido, Wei Chun Chin, Ge Wang, David M. Ojcius, Changqing Li

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) composed of elements such as silica and titanium, smaller than 100 nm in diameter and their aggregates, are found in consumer products such as cosmetics, food, antimicrobials and drug delivery systems, and oral health products such as toothpaste and dental materials. They may also interact accidently with epithelial tissues in the intestines and oral cavity, where they can aggregate into larger particles and induce inflammation through pathways such as inflammasome activation. Persistent inflammation can lead to precancerous lesions. Both the particles and lesions are difficult to detect in biopsies, especially in clinical settings that screen large numbers …

Oncolytic Ndv-Amha1 Strain Effective Against Glioblastoma Cancer Cells, Zahraa Kadhim, Ghassan Sulaiman, Ahmed Al-Shammari, Hamdoon Mohammed, Salman Mohammed

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most life-threatening types of cancer that is difficult to treat. The search for effective yet safe therapy is progressing and non-conventional therapies such as using viruses as a smart and selective agent against cancer are promising. The aim of the study was the presence of a reliable method to use Newcastle disease virus (NDV) as an oncolytic agent against GBM, which attempted to propagate the NDV in laboratory experiments. Ahmed Majeed Hamza Al-Shammari-1 (AMHA1) attenuated strain of NDV was propagated in chicken embryos. The virus's tittered in Vero-slamed cells to determine the infective …

Preparation And Characterization Of Salvia Triloba Extract And Evaluation Of Its Cytotoxic Effect On Bone Cancer Cell Line, Basma Hossam Abdelmonem

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Osteosarcoma is a tumor of mesenchymal origin characterized by uncontrolled production of immature osteoid tissue. It is more common in children and adults over the age of 65. Many studies reported the cytotoxic effect of many plant extracts, including Salvia triloba, on different cancer cell lines when used alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.

Methods: In our study, the methanolic extract obtained from the air-dried leaves of Salvia triloba leaves from Palestine was screened for its total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The major components of phenolics and flavonoids were detected using LC-QToF-MS technique. The two phenolics …

Tio2-Mwcnt Nanohybrid: Cytotoxicity, Protein Corona Formation And Cellular Internalisation In Rtg-2 Fish Cell Line, Gabriela Helena Da Silva, Lidiane Silva Franqui, Marcelo A. De Farias, Vera Lucia S.S. De Castro, Hugh Byrne, Diego S.T. Martinez, Regina T.R. Monteiro, Alan Casey

Articles

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (TiO2-MWCNT) nanohydrid has an enhanced photocatalytic activity across the visible light with promising applications in environmental remediation, solar energy devices and antimicrobial technologies. However, it is necessary to evaluate the toxicological effects of TiO2-MWCNT towards safe and sustainable development of nanohybrids. In this work, we studied the cytotoxicity, protein corona formation and cellular internalisation of TiO2-MWCNT on fibroblasts derived from gonadal rainbow trout tissue (RTG-2) for the first time. This nanohydrid did not show any toxicity effect on RTG-2 cells up to 100 mg L-1 after 24 h of exposure as monitored by alamar blue, …

Investigation Of Inflammation And Apoptosis Mediated Toxicity In Response To Metal Oxide Nanoparticles In Ml-1 And Ca77 Cancer Cell Lines, Alyse N. Peters

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are becoming more popular in today’s environment. They contribute significantly to the technologies in agriculture and food development but there is little understanding to how MONPs, including ZnO, CuO, TiO2, and SnO2, impact human health and the environment. Our growth assay revealed that none of these negatively affects viability in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast, both human thyroid cancer cells (ML-1) and rat medullary thyroid cancer cells (CA77) displayed a significant reduction in viability with the treatment of CuO and ZnO. The production of ROS in these cell lines when treated with CuO and …

Evaluation Of Selenomethionine Entrapped In Nanoparticles For Oral Supplementation Using In Vitro, Ex Vivo And In Vivo Models, Shane Forde, Giuliana Vozza, David J. Brayden, Jesus Maria Frias, Sinead M. Ryan

Articles

Selenium methionine (Se Met) is an essential micronutrient required for normal body function and is associated with additional health benefits. However, oral administration of Se Met can be challenging due to its purported narrow therapeutic index, low oral bioavailability, and high susceptibility to oxidation. To address these issues, Se Met was entrapped in z e i n-coated nanoparticles made from chitosan using an ionic gelation formulation. The high stability of both the Se Met and s e l e n o methionine nanoparticles (Se Met-NPs) was established using cultured human intestinal and liver epithelial cells, rat liver homogenates, and rat …

Feasible Delivery System Based On Poly(Lactictide-Co-Glycolide) Nanoparticles Loaded With Antimicrobial Mupirocin For Possible Wound Healing, Ludmila Košarišťanová, Tomáš Komprda, Vendula Popelková, Tatiana Fialová, Pavla Vymazalová, Carlos E. Astete

Faculty Publications

The objective of the study was to assess cytotoxicity (based on the dimethylthiazol– diphenyltetrazolium bromide cell viability assay) and antimicrobial effects of poly(lactictide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles with entrapped mupirocin (PLGA/MUP NPs) on Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains using a disk-diffusion method, cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) and fluorescence microscopy. Based on the evaluation of the growth curve, PLGA/MUP NPs inhibited growth of the both tested strains already at a concentration of 0.29 µg/ml, and their inhibitory effect at concentrations from 0.29 to 1.17 µg/ml was comparable with free MUP using the disk-diffusion method. PLGA/MUP NPs also tended to increase the …

Extraction Yield And Biological Activity Of Phycobiliproteins From Porphyridium Purpureum Using Atmospheric Cold Plasma Discharge And Jet Systems, Shaba Noore, Brijesh K. Tiwari, Anet R. Jambrak, Josipa Dukic, Janith Wanigasekara, James Curtin, Claudio Fuentes-Grunewald, Colm P. O’Donnell

Articles

Phycobiliproteins (PBPs) extracted from Porphyridium purpureum (P.p) have bioactive properties and are widely used as ingredients in nutraceutical and food applications. This study investigated the use of two cold plasma systems, namely cold plasma discharge system (CPDS) and cold plasma jet system (CPJS), for the aqueous extraction of PBPs from P. p. Three types of PBPs, namely phycoerythrin (PE), phycocyanin (PC) and allophycocyanin (APC) were identified in the crude extracts obtained. The highest PBPs extraction yield (11.31 ± 1.02 mg/g DW P. p) was obtained from CPDS treated samples at 25 kV using N2 for 9 min. CPDS treatments were …

Valorisation Of Phytochemical From Sitka Spruce (Picea Sitchensis) Needles: Impact Of Ultrasound/Microwave-Assisted Extraction, Hadil Alaydi, Xianglu Zhu, Julie Mondala, Brijesh K. Tiwari, Bibha Kumari, James Curtin, Peter Downey, Michelle Mckeon-Bennett, Tanya Beletskaya

Articles

Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) needles contain a variety of bioactive compounds including phenolic compounds and flavonoids, many of which have been used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. This study aimed to investigate the effects of novel extraction techniques, including ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and simultaneous ultrasound–microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) on the recovery of phenolic, flavonoids and associated antioxidant and anti-cancer properties from Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) needles. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, and the Alamar Blue assay using the human brain glioblastoma cancer cell line (U-251 MG) was …

Surface-Modified Silver Nanoparticles And Their Encapsulation In Liposomes Can Treat Mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cells, Ellenor Moors, Vinayak Sharma, Furong Tian, Bilal Javed

Articles

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a promising tool for cancer treatment due to their unique physicochemical and biological properties. However, their clinical applications are limited by their potential cytotoxicity caused due to oxidation stress and non-specific cellular uptake pathways. To overcome these barriers, surface modifications of AgNPs have been proposed as an effective strategy to enhance their biocompatibility and specificity toward cancer cells. In this study, AgNPs were synthesised using the chemical reduction method and subsequently conjugated with various capping agents such as Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). Further, this study involves the synthesis of liposomes by …

Chemical Characterization And Biological Evaluation Of Epilobium Parviflorum Extracts In An In Vitro Model Of Human Malignant Melanoma, Sotiris Kyriakou, Venetia Tragkola, Ioannis Paraskevaidis, Mihalis Plioukas, Dimitrios T. Trafalis, Rodrigo Franco, Aglaia Pappa, Mihalis I. Panayiotidi

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer characterised by high metastatic capacity and mortality rate. On the other hand, Epilobium parviflorum is known for its medicinal properties, including its anticancer potency. In this context, we aimed to (i) isolate various extracts of E. parviflorum, (ii) characterize their phytochemical content, and (iii) determine their cytotoxic potential in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma. To these ends, we utilized various spectrophotometric and chromatographic (UPLC-MS/MS) approaches to document the higher content of the methanolic extract in polyphenols, soluble sugars, proteins, condensed tannins, and chlorophylls -a and -b as …

Cytotoxicity Profiling And Apoptotic Potential Of Carboxylic Acids-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents On Mammalian Cell Lines, Mavis Korankye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the past few years, there has been a notable surge in demand for high-purity medicines due to the prevalence of chronic diseases such as cancer, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. Considerable efforts have been dedicated to discovering new solvents that are environmentally friendly and cost-effective that are well-suited for industrial applications. Deep eutectic solvents have gained recognition as a highly promising alternative to organic solvents and ionic liquids due to their easily sourced raw materials, simple and cheap preparation methods, high tunability, low volatility, low toxicity, and biodegradability. The industrial utilization of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is …

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant And Cytotoxic Activity Of Lannea Egregia Engl. & K. Krause Stem Bark Extracts, Seide M. Akoro, Mutiat A. Omotayo, Oyinlade C. Ogundare, Stemon A. Akpovwovwo, Gbemileke P. Bello

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

This study investigates the phytochemical contents, antioxidants and cytotoxic activities of Lannea egregia Engl. & K. Krause stem bark extracts. Secondary metabolites were extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol by successive maceration. The concentrated extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening using standard procedures. The crude flavonoid was obtained from the plant material using Harborne’s method and then profiled using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant activities of the plant extract were assessed using reducing power assay and DPPH scavenging activity, while the cytotoxic activity was determined using the brine shrimp lethality assay. The crude extract of n-hexane or …

Cytotoxic Activity On Colorectal Cancer Cells And Antioxidant Activity Of Crude Extracts Of Pi-Kad-Tri-Khan-Tha-Wart Remedy And Its Component, Katanchalee Houngiam, Arunporn Itharat, Bhanuz Dechayont, Pathompong Phuaklee, Jitpisute Chunthorng-Orn

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Introduction: Pi-Kad-Tri-Khan-Tha-Wart (PK) is a Thai traditional remedy utilizing for gastrointestinal tract disorder such as nausea vomiting stomachache. It consists of three medicinal plants. Two ingredients of the remedy, nutmeg (seed of Myristica fragrans Houtt., MF) and clove (flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry., SA), had anti-inflammation, antioxidation and cytotoxic property against breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Fruit of Amomum xanthioides Wall. (AX) had cytotoxicity against ovarian cancer cells (SK-OV-3) and malignant melanoma cells (SK-MEL-2). This study investigated the cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cells and antioxidant of the Pi-Kad-Tri-Khan-Tha-Wart remedy and its components.

Methods: The remedy and …

Exploring The Anticancer Mechanism Of Thienopyrazole Derivative Tpz-1 In Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Jessica Dyanne Hess

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Anticancer drug discovery is a time and resource-consuming process for which exceedingly reliable and efficient modern approaches are needed. Phenotypic drug screenings can generate highly potent and innovative drug candidates; however, deconvolution of the drugâ??s target often presents significant barriers to drug development. To overcome this hurdle, we have originally combined in vitro and in silico analyses to uncover the molecular mechanism(s) driving the anticancer activity of the uniquely structured small molecule drug candidate, Tpz-1. Our study revealed that Tpz-1 is a multitargeted agent which induces the programmed death of HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia cells primarily through disruption of microtubule …

Berbamine Enhances The Efficacy Of Doxorubicin Treatment For Breast Cancer In Vitro And In Vivo, Kristina G. Borglum

Senior Theses

Doxorubicin (Dox) is a commonly used chemotherapy drug for treating breast cancer. While it is very effective, the main limitation of Dox treatment is subsequent cytotoxicity. Berbamine dihydrochloride (BBM) is a natural benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is extracted from the plant, Berbaris amurensis. It has been widely used in traditional medicine to treat individuals with inflammatory diseases for many centuries. It has already been shown that combining BBM with Dox synergistically enhances the efficacy of Dox treatment on breast cancer in vitro. To eventually translate these findings into a clinical setting, this study aims to explore this therapeutic potential in vivo …

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant And Anticancer Effects Of Clitoria Ternatae Extract On Breast T47d Cancer Cells, Ade Arsianti, Shahjahan Pasha Mahindra, Norma Nur Azizah, Ajeng Megawati Fajrin, Lince Dameria Nadapdap

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common and deadly forms of cancer in the world. Cancer is a multi-factorial disease. Genetic factors, environment and lifestyle have a role in the development of cancer. One of the mechanisms of cancer development is when an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the human body occurs. Uncontrolled and excessive amount of free radicals and cause cell damage and uncontrolled cell growth. Clitoria ternate is a plant that is often found in Asia and many of the benefits of this flower have been studied. This study aims to determine the phytochemical …

Systematic Overexpression Of Genes Encoded By Mycobacteriophage Waterfoul Reveals Novel Inhibitors Of Mycobacterial Growth, Danielle Heller, Isabel Amaya, Aleem Mohamed, Ilzat Ali, Dmitri Mavrodi, Padraig Deighan, Viknesh Sivanathan

Faculty Publications

Bacteriophages represent an enormous reservoir of novel genes, many of which are unrelated to existing entries in public databases and cannot be assigned a predicted function. Characterization of these genes can provide important insights into the intricacies of phage–host interactions and may offer new strategies to manipulate bacterial growth and behavior. Overexpression is a useful tool in the study of gene-mediated effects, and we describe here the construction of a plasmid-based overexpression library of a complete set of genes for Waterfoul, a mycobacteriophage closely related to those infecting clinically important strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or Mycobacterium abscessus. The arrayed …

Induced Cytotoxicity In Crebbp/Ep300mut Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Thomaia Pamplin

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

INDUCED CYOTOXICTY IN CREBBP/EP300mut HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

Thomaia Pamplin

Advisor: Curtis Pickering, Ph.D.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma HNSCC is the most common malignancy in the head and neck. Most cases are found in advanced stages and depending on the location can be treated with surgical resection and/or radiation (XRT), chemotherapy, or chemoradiation. Our lab groups have identified that HNSCC with a mutation in its CREBBP/EP300 genes can be sensitized to XRT when the histone acetyltransferase activity of CREBBP/EP300 is inhibited. This radiosensitization manifests in the form of increased cell death for …

Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of 5′-O-Fatty Acyl Ester Derivatives Of 3′-Fluoro-2′,3′-Dideoxythymidine As Potential Anti-Hiv Microbicides, Hitesh Agarwal, Bhupender S. Chhikara, Guofeng Ye, Sitaram Bhavaraju, Ajay Dixit, Anil Kumar, Gustavo F. Doncel, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

A number of 5′-O-fatty acyl derivatives of 3′-fluoro-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine (FLT, 1) were synthesized. These conjugates were evaluated for their potential as topical microbicides with anti-HIV activity against cell-free (X4 and R5), cell-associated, and multidrug-resistant viruses. Compared to FLT and 3′-azido-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine (AZT), 5′-O-(12-azidododecanoyl) (5), 5′-O-myristoyl (6), and 5′-O-(12-thioethyldodecanoyl) (8) derivatives of FLT were found to be more active against both cell-free viruses (lymphocytotropic and monocytotropic strains) with EC₅₀ values of 0.4 μM, 1.1 μM, and <0.2 μM, respectively, as well as cell-associated virus with EC₅₀ values of 12.6, 6.4, and 2.3 μM, respectively. Conjugates 5, 6, and 8 exhibited >4 and …

Investigation Of The Cellular Uptake And Cytotoxicity Of Ruthenium(Ii) Polypyridyl Complexes As A Function Of Lipophilicity, Matthew Guerrero

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses - Archive

Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes have been one of the focal points of investigation for inorganic anti-cancer drugs, as they are robust enough to remain chemically intact in vivo and many show potent cytotoxicty. In particular, the RPC [Ru(dip)3]2+, where dip is 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, is noted for its high cytotoxicity (IC50 ~2-5 uM) across a broad spectrum of cancer cell lines and more recently has been implicated as targeting microtubules, which is an unusual target for metal-based drugs. While the cellular uptake for [Ru(dip)3]Cl2 is among the highest seen for RPCs, its solubility in water or buffer is limited and problematic. In order …

Total Synthesis Of Mansouramycin A, Abigail M. Zepeda

Theses and Dissertations

In 2009 bioactive compounds from marine Streptomyces species was isolated which resulted in deriving four isoquinoline-quinone alkaloids known as Mansouramycins A-D. There have been reports that there are 36 non-small cancer cells against cytotoxicity in Mansouramycins A-C in lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and prostate cancer cells. Reports that have conducted total syntheses were all specific to a single compound only Mansouramycin A and D. However, in precedent methods, to obtain the derivatives with different substituents are limited when the substituents are on the fused-pyridine ring. Thus, a develop a systematic synthetic methods of isoquinoline-quinones, which are to be able …

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, And In Vitro Biological Assessment Of Trans- Platinum (Ii) Thionate Complexes As Potent Anticancer Agents, Mia Alshami

Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduate Honors Theses

The content of this thesis has been originally reported in our published paper, “trans-Platinum (II) Thionate Complexes: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and in vitro Biological Assessment as Potent Anticancer Agents” ChemPlusChem 2019 84, 1525-1535, DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900394, in which I served as coauthor. Cancer caused 9.6 million deaths in 2018 worldwide, with 18.1 million new diagnoses during that same year.The most widely used metal in anticancer drugs is platinum (Pt), and these drugs are used to treat almost 50% of cancer patients. To optimize drug effectiveness, trans-configured Pt(II) complexes have been introduced as a strategy to potentially overcome the …

Kaempferol Regresses Carcinogenesis Through A Molecular Cross Talk Involved In Proliferation, Apoptosis And Inflammation On Human Cervical Cancer Cells, Hela, Nazia Afroze, Sreepoorna Pramodh, Abdulmajeed G. Almutary, Tahir A. Rizvi, Naushad Rais, Ritu Raina, Md Faiyazuddin, Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan, Arif Hussain

All Works

Kaempferol, a flavonoid, contains a plethora of therapeutic properties and has demonstrated its efficacy against cancer. This study aims to unravel the molecular targets that are being modulated by kaempferol on HeLa cells. Various assays were performed, namely: MTT assay, flow cytometry to analyze DNA content and quantitate apoptosis. Quantitative PCR and protein profiling were performed to evaluate the modulated manifestation of different genes involved in apoptosis, cell growth and inflammation. Kaempferol exhibited reduction in cell viability of HeLa cells (IC50 = 50 µM 48 h), whereas it did not show any significant effect on viability of the AC-16 cell …

The Effect Of Recombinant Chimeric Swine Pkr-Apaf-1 Proteins On Viral-Load Reduction Of Prrs And Ped Alpha-Coronavirus Infected Cell Lines, Phong Vu Anh Tuan Vo, Thanaporn Lertsakchai, Sukeesom Jiramahasuwan, Achara Tawatsin, Athipoo Nuntaprasert

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The PRRS virus and PED alpha-coronavirus are the two main pig pathogens in the world. The current strategies to control these diseases are inadequate. The recombinant chimeric swine PKR-Apaf-1 protein (rcPAP) consists of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Trans-activator transcription (HIV-TAT) domain, the dsRNA-binding domain of porcine Protein kinase R (PKR) gene and the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) domain of porcine Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor-1 (Apaf-1) gene. In general, the rcPAP can detect viral dsRNA in virally infected cells and induces apoptosis and kills the virus-infected cells. In this study, the reducing viral-load efficacy of rcPAP (produced from bacteria) against PRRS virrus …

In Vitro Toxicological Evaluation Of Mesoporous Silica Microparticles Functionalised 1 With Carvacrol And Thymol, Cristina Fuentes, Ana Fuentes, Hugh Byrne, José Barat, María José Ruiz

Articles

The cytotoxicity of carvacrol- and thymol- functionalised mesoporous silica microparticles (MCM-41) was assessed in the human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2). Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and apoptosis/necrosis analysis were used as endpoints. Results showed that both materials induced cytotoxicity in a time and concentration-dependent manner, being more cytotoxic than free essential oil components and bare MCM-41. This effect was caused by the cell-particle interactions and not from degradation products released to the culture media, as demonstrated in the extract dilution assays. LDH release was seen to be …