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Articles 361 - 390 of 1283
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Military Service And Offending Behaviors Of Emerging Adults: A Conceptual Review, Christopher Salvatore, Travis A. Taniguchi
Military Service And Offending Behaviors Of Emerging Adults: A Conceptual Review, Christopher Salvatore, Travis A. Taniguchi
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Focusing on the United States, this paper examines the impact of military service for the cohort of individuals that have experienced the social factors that characterize emerging adulthood as a unique stage in the life course. We argue that military service, as a turning point, may act differently in contemporary times compared to findings from past research. This difference is driven by changes in military service, the draft versus volunteer military service, and the prevalence of emerging adulthood. As a background, we describe emerging adulthood, examine how emerging adulthood relates to crime and deviance, explore the impact of military life …
The Political Economy Of Enforcer Liability For Wrongful Police Stops, Tim Friehe, Murat C. Mungan
The Political Economy Of Enforcer Liability For Wrongful Police Stops, Tim Friehe, Murat C. Mungan
Faculty Scholarship
This article questions whether excessive policing practices can persist in an environment where law enforcement policies are subject to political pressures. Specifically, it considers a setting where the police decide whether to conduct stops based on the suspiciousness of a person's behavior and the potential liability for conducting a wrongful stop. We establish that the liability level that results in a voting equilibrium is smaller than optimal, and consequently, that excessive policing practices emerge in equilibrium.
Law Library Blog (February 2021): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Law Library Blog (February 2021): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Law Library Newsletters/Blog
No abstract provided.
Caught In-Between: A Video Essay Of Masculine Identity And Methamphetamine Use In The Rural South, Heith Copes, Jared Ragland, Adam Forrester
Caught In-Between: A Video Essay Of Masculine Identity And Methamphetamine Use In The Rural South, Heith Copes, Jared Ragland, Adam Forrester
Qualitative Criminology (QC)
Since the Great Recession in 2007, rural employment rates have been steadily increasing. According to a 2020 United States Department of Agriculture report, rural unemployment has been at its lowest in over a decade. However, such aggregate trends overlook an important aspect of work—its meaningfulness. In many small towns throughout the Southern United States, much of the available work pays little and demands much on the body. As a result, meaningful employment is often out of reach for some men living in the rural South.
Opening The “Black Box” Of Federal Illegal Reentry Sentencing: A Non-Participant Observational Analysis Of Sentencing Constraints And Judicial Discretion, Kevin Buckler
Qualitative Criminology (QC)
"Judicial discretion in sentencing has historically produced disparities in criminal sentencing outcomes. In an effort to address disparity at the federal level, in 1984, the U.S. Congress passed legislation that led to the creation of the U.S. Sentencing Commission and subsequently the adoption of federal sentencing guidelines. Studies show that even among similarly situated defendants (in terms of offense score and criminal history category) disparities have persisted regardless of the sentencing guidelines. An understudied source of disparity is the combined and interactive role of judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys in the application of the guidelines and the statutory framework that …
Miriam Boeri, Hurt: Chronicles Of The Drug War Generation, Kathleen E. Padilla
Miriam Boeri, Hurt: Chronicles Of The Drug War Generation, Kathleen E. Padilla
Qualitative Criminology (QC)
In 1971, President Nixon officially declared the War on Drugs. Flash forward to 2020 and the prison population is approximately 2.3 million people, with 1 in 5 of those individuals having been incarcerated for a non-violent drug offense (Wagner & Wagner, 2020). Among those caught up in drug offenses stemming from the policies enacted during the War on Drugs, the majority are baby boomers. Baby boomers are those that are born between the years 1946 and 1964, and whose current population is approximately 73 million, the second largest generation aside from Millennials (Census, 2019). By the start of the 21st …
Forced Interactions With Sheriff Deputies Over Time And Their Influence On Stigma And Self Identities Among Individuals Convicted Of Sex Crimes, Lisa L. Sample, Brooke Cooley, Tusty Ten Bensel, Carin Hyter, Brett Hurley
Forced Interactions With Sheriff Deputies Over Time And Their Influence On Stigma And Self Identities Among Individuals Convicted Of Sex Crimes, Lisa L. Sample, Brooke Cooley, Tusty Ten Bensel, Carin Hyter, Brett Hurley
Qualitative Criminology (QC)
"This paper examined the perceptions of convicted sex offenders and their interactions with law enforcement over time. Specifically, we focused on how formal interactions influenced stigma management and self-identity transformation. For decades, scholars have proposed that identities and behaviors often result from interactions with others. Sex offender registration and notification laws force interactions between registrants and police agents for years, if not a lifetime. Given that desistance from sex offending is dependent on prosocial identity transformation, we analyzed interviews with 63 registrants to uncover how interactions with police promote or inhibit identity transformation over time. Our findings suggested interactions with …
Interpersonal Interaction Between Prisoners And Officers In Prisons: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Exploring Prison Officer Wellbeing, Davinia Rizzo, Belinda Davey, Melanie Irons
Interpersonal Interaction Between Prisoners And Officers In Prisons: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Exploring Prison Officer Wellbeing, Davinia Rizzo, Belinda Davey, Melanie Irons
Qualitative Criminology (QC)
"The wellbeing of prison officers has primarily been understood as a function of contextual variables such as their workplace and the nature of their role. Yet the research suggests the officers’ gender and tenure are the only statistically significant predictors of wellbeing for this population (Butler, Tasca, Zhang, & Carpenter, 2019). These findings suggest that variables at the person level may be more important than contextual variables. As such, we conducted a qualitative, meta-synthesis to explore how interpersonal interactions between prisoners and prison officers may affect the health and wellbeing of prison officers. Following a systematic review of the literature, …
Tennessee Felon Population Update, February 2021, Tennessee. Department Of Correction.
Tennessee Felon Population Update, February 2021, Tennessee. Department Of Correction.
Felon Population Reports
No abstract provided.
Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (Lvmpd) Activity Report, 2020, Olivia K. Cheche, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (Lvmpd) Activity Report, 2020, Olivia K. Cheche, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Criminal Justice
This fact sheet synthesizes data on the types of calls that the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (LVMPD) responded to between January 1st, 2020 and December 26th, 2020. Data from the weekly statistical activity report published by the LVMPD are included. This fact sheet explores the types of calls that the LVMPD received throughout the jurisdiction, and call data for the five area commands that received the highest number of calls in 2020.
Part 4: All In: Casinos, Online Betting And The Future Of Gambling In Hampton Roads, Dragas Center For Economic Analysis And Policy
Part 4: All In: Casinos, Online Betting And The Future Of Gambling In Hampton Roads, Dragas Center For Economic Analysis And Policy
State of the Region Reports: Hampton Roads
In 1987, Virginia voters approved the state lottery, bringing legalized gambling to the Commonwealth. Fast forward to 2021: Virginians can now buy lottery tickets online, place sports bets on their phones and wager in historical horse racing parlors. Now, with casinos opening soon in Norfolk and Portsmouth, as well as Bristol, Danville and, likely, Richmond, we discuss the benefits and costs of casinos in Hampton Roads
Essays On Race In Policing, Hunter Robert Johnson
Essays On Race In Policing, Hunter Robert Johnson
CGU Theses & Dissertations
In recent years, a number of high-profile policing controversies have led to global indignation over racial disparities in policing and perceived police brutality. This paper explores three different dimensions of race in policing. The first chapter of this dissertation examines whether the presence of female and minority police officers affects the likelihood of police use of force and whether officers are more or less likely to use force against civilians of a different race. Focusing on a subset of 911 calls resulting in arrest, I use an instrumental variables estimation method with dispatch availability by officer race/gender as an instrument …
Crime And The Mythology Of Police, Shima Baughman
Crime And The Mythology Of Police, Shima Baughman
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
The legal policing literature has espoused one theory of policing after another in an effort to address the frayed relationship between police and the communities they serve. All have aimed to diagnose chronic policing problems in working towards structural police reform. The core principles emanating from these theoretical critiques is that the mistrust of police among communities of color results from maltreatment, illegitimacy and marginalization from the law and its enforcers. Remedies have included police training to encourage treating people with dignity, investing in body cameras and other technology, providing legal avenues to encourage constitutional action by police, and creating …
Prosecutors And Mass Incarceration, Shima Baradaran Baughman, Megan Wright
Prosecutors And Mass Incarceration, Shima Baradaran Baughman, Megan Wright
Faculty Scholarship
It has long been postulated that America’s mass incarceration phenomenon is driven by increased drug arrests, draconian sentencing, and the growth of a prison industry. Yet among the major players—legislators, judges, police, and prosecutors—one of these is shrouded in mystery. While laws on the books, judicial sentencing, and police arrests are all public and transparent, prosecutorial charging decisions are made behind closed doors with little oversight or public accountability. Indeed, without notice by commentators, during the last ten years or more, crime has fallen, and police have cut arrests accordingly, but prosecutors have actually increased the ratio of criminal court …
Impact Of Emotional Disturbance On Crime Among Latinos In Texas, Patricia Kendra Sellers
Impact Of Emotional Disturbance On Crime Among Latinos In Texas, Patricia Kendra Sellers
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Latinos are a minority population who are largely stereotyped as violent and vulnerable to committing crimes in America. While Latinos’ vulnerability to committing crimes is attributed to multiple factors, little attention has been drawn towards the relationship between Latinos’ emotional disturbance and probability toward perpetrating or preventing crime. The rational choice theory, trait theory, and biological theory were used to show relationships between emotional disturbance and cognitive processes underlying recidivism that are common among Latinos in Texas. This study investigated the impact of emotional disturbance on decision-making processes among Latinos in Texas as a motivator or deterrent to engage in …
The Robber Wants To Be Punished, Uri Weiss
The Robber Wants To Be Punished, Uri Weiss
Touro Law Review
It is a commonly held intuition that increasing punishment leads to less crime. Let us move our glance from the punishment for the crime itself to the punishment for the attempt to commit a crime, or to the punishment for the threat to carry it out. We argue that the greater the punishment for the attempted robbery, i.e., for the threat, "give me your money or else," the greater the number of robberies and threats there will be. The punishment for the threat makes the withdrawal from it more expensive for the criminal, making the relative cost of committing the …
Victims, Right?, Anna Roberts
Victims, Right?, Anna Roberts
Faculty Publications
In criminal contexts, a “victim” is typically defined as someone who has been harmed by a crime. Yet the word commonly appears in legal contexts that precede the adjudication of whether a crime has occurred. Each U.S. state guarantees “victims’ rights,” including many that apply pre-adjudication; ongoing “Marsy’s Law” efforts seek to expand and constitutionalize them nationwide. At trial, advocates, judges, and jury instructions employ this word even though the existence or not of crime (and thus of a crime victim) is a central question to be decided. This usage matters in part because of its possible consequences: it risks …
Tennessee Felon Population Update, January 2021, Tennessee. Department Of Correction.
Tennessee Felon Population Update, January 2021, Tennessee. Department Of Correction.
Felon Population Reports
No abstract provided.
Office Of Criminal Justice Programs Annual Report Fy 2019/2020, Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.
Office Of Criminal Justice Programs Annual Report Fy 2019/2020, Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.
Office of Criminal Justice Programs
No abstract provided.
Overview Of The Criminal Justice System In Tennessee (2022 Plan Appendix B), Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.
Overview Of The Criminal Justice System In Tennessee (2022 Plan Appendix B), Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.
Office of Criminal Justice Programs
No abstract provided.
Tennessee Office Of Criminal Justice Programs Strategic Planning Process And Evaluation Management Strategy (2022 Plan Appendix A), Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.
Tennessee Office Of Criminal Justice Programs Strategic Planning Process And Evaluation Management Strategy (2022 Plan Appendix A), Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.
Office of Criminal Justice Programs
No abstract provided.
Tennessee Office Of Criminal Justice Programs Victim Centered Roundtable, Key Findings And Summary 2020, Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.
Tennessee Office Of Criminal Justice Programs Victim Centered Roundtable, Key Findings And Summary 2020, Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.
Office of Criminal Justice Programs
No abstract provided.
Legislative Report, Calendar Year 2020, Tennessee. Department Of Safety & Homeland Security.
Legislative Report, Calendar Year 2020, Tennessee. Department Of Safety & Homeland Security.
Legislative Reports
No abstract provided.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In The Forensic Population, Amanda Joanne George
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In The Forensic Population, Amanda Joanne George
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are overrepresented in the forensic population, but there is a lack of research explaining this phenomenon. The purpose of this quantitative nonexperimental study was to investigate if higher levels of ADHD symptoms result in higher levels of criminal thinking or reasoning and whether gender influences levels of criminal thinking when controlling for levels of ADHD symptoms. Lastly, this study was designed to determine if higher levels of ADHD symptoms correlate with higher numbers of incarcerations across the general adult population. Gestalt versus feature intensive processing theory was used in this study to better …
Relationships Among Residential Instability, Poverty, And Index Crimes In Rural New York, Justine Case-Fitzgerald
Relationships Among Residential Instability, Poverty, And Index Crimes In Rural New York, Justine Case-Fitzgerald
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The lack of empirical literature on rural crime limits the ability to fully understand the driving force behind criminality in nonmetropolitan areas. Predominantly urban theories such as social disorganization theory have been used as a general description for crime causation; however, most social disorganization research has been conducted in urban settings without reference to the mediating rural characteristics present. This simplified view of crime, which does not reflect existing variables within the areas studied, has weakened the ability to identify the most efficient and effective crime-control strategies. The research questions in this study addressed the need to understand how unique …
Delinquent Behavior And Recidivism Among Juveniles In The Southeastern United States, Anthony Bernard Essix Jr.
Delinquent Behavior And Recidivism Among Juveniles In The Southeastern United States, Anthony Bernard Essix Jr.
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the United States, juvenile delinquent behavior has continued to rise despite attempts by the legal system and policymakers. Much of the research contributing to the understanding of juvenile delinquency and recidivism has been focused on risk factors believed to push an individual to show signs of delinquency. Limited research has been conducted to explain how policies affect juvenile behaviors. The current study examined risk factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency to determine if a factor may have been overlooked in prior juvenile studies. Based on anomie and strain theory, a qualitative method of general inquiry was used to gain …
Male Graduates' Experiences Following An Alternatives Sentencing Program In Grenada, Wendy Margaret Romain
Male Graduates' Experiences Following An Alternatives Sentencing Program In Grenada, Wendy Margaret Romain
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractJuveniles in many countries around the world were incarcerated during the 1980s and 1990s due to countries’ legislating tough-on-crime policies against juveniles. Community-based alternative sentencing options have since been found to be more effective than prisons for developmental and rehabilitative needs of juveniles. However, there is a dearth of research on how these programs have impacted the lives of their graduates. In this study, five male graduates of an alternative sentencing program on the island of Grenada were interviewed to examine how they applied skills and knowledge gained from the program. The theory of change model based upon Prochaska’s Transtheoretical …
The Effects Of Race, Sociopolitical Attitudes, And Geographic Location On Criminal Scripts, To'meisha S. Edwards
The Effects Of Race, Sociopolitical Attitudes, And Geographic Location On Criminal Scripts, To'meisha S. Edwards
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
Recent social unrest has highlighted differences in how crime is perceived based upon the race of the perpetrator. Decades of research suggests criminality is more easily associated with racial and ethnic minorities leading to the racialization of crime. Mutz (1994) noted there are personal factors as well as impersonal factors influencing views regarding race and crime. Research suggests the strongest impersonal influence on society’s perception is the media (Gilliam et al., 2002; Umair, 2016). Therefore, the narrative of linking race and crime, which is prevalent in news media, is reinforced every time viewers tune in to their local news. Additionally, …
Inconspicuous Victims, Itay Ravid
Inconspicuous Victims, Itay Ravid
Faculty Publications
Recent debates on racial inequalities in the criminal justice system focus on offenders while neglecting the other side of the criminal equation—victims of crime. Such scholarly oversight is surprising given the similarly deep racial disparities in the treatment of victims, manifested in different stages of the criminal justice system. Delving into the underexplored territory of racialized victimization, this project bridges that gap and exposes the roots of the disparate treatment of Black victims in the American criminal justice system. These unprecedented times of the COVID-19 pandemic and racial tensions bring to the fore questions about governmental allocation of resources and …
Crime And The Mythology Of Police, Shima Baradaran Baughman
Crime And The Mythology Of Police, Shima Baradaran Baughman
Faculty Scholarship
The legal policing literature has espoused one theory of policing after another in an effort to address the frayed relationship between police and the communities they serve. All have aimed to diagnose chronic policing problems in working towards structural police reform. The core principles emanating from these theoretical critiques is that the mistrust of police among communities of color results from maltreatment, illegitimacy and marginalization from the law and its enforcers. Remedies have included police training to encourage treating people with dignity, investing in body cameras and other technology, providing legal avenues to encourage constitutional action by police, and creating …